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Impact of computed tomography radiomics-based predictive model for immunotherapy efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer on predictive nursing outcomes 基于计算机断层放射学的非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗疗效预测模型对预测护理结果的影响
IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102170
Yajing Lin , Xiaowan Zeng , Xiaoyan Li
<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients using computed tomography (CT) radiomics, and to evaluate the impact of predictive nursing interventions on the quality of life (QOL) and complication rates in these patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 68 NSCLC patients treated in hospital were included and randomly assigned into two groups: control group (routine care) and intervention group (predictive nursing intervention in addition to routine care), with 34 patients in each group. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT scanning, with the tumor region of interest (ROI) delineated. Intensity, morphological features (sphericity), and texture characteristics (gray-level co-occurrence matrix) were extracted. A predictive model for immunotherapy efficacy was established, and the performance of logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), and Boosting algorithms was compared in terms of accuracy, specificity, precision, recall, and F-score. Additionally, the time of drain removal, hospital stay, post-care QOL scores (including physical function, psychological function, social function, and material life), and complication rates were recorded for both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the prediction model, the LR model performed better on multiple key indicators, with higher accuracy (0.787 vs. 0.771/0.752/0.754), specificity (0.525 vs. 0.352/0.256/0.236), precision (0.895 vs. 0.753/0.761/0.778), recall (0.889 vs. 0.762/0.858/0.793), and F1 score (0.892 vs. 0.757/0.807/0.785) than SVM, KNN, and AdaBoost algorithms. Regarding nursing interventions, the intervention group had significantly shorter drain removal time (52.39 ± 4.32 h) and hospital stay (11.82 ± 1.84 days) compared to the control group (67.93 ± 5.76 h and 17.92 ± 2.91 days, respectively), with statistically significant differences (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Regarding nursing interventions, no significant difference was observed in the baseline QOL scores between the two patient groups at enrollment (<em>P</em> > 0.05), indicating comparability. Post-care, the intervention group showed significantly higher scores in physical function, psychological function, social function, and material life quality compared to the control group (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The incidence of complications in the intervention group (2.94 %) was lower than that in the control group (17.65 %), but the difference did not reach statistical significance (<em>P</em> > 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CT imaging omics technology has shown potential as an auxiliary tool for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in NSCLC patients. The predictive nursing model studied in parallel within the same cohort indicates that this prospective nursing approach can significantly improve patient outcomes. This int
目的探讨应用计算机断层扫描(CT)放射组学技术预测非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者免疫治疗效果的可行性,并评价预测性护理干预对患者生活质量(QOL)和并发症发生率的影响。方法将68例住院非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为对照组(常规护理)和干预组(在常规护理的基础上进行预测性护理干预),每组34例。所有患者都进行了CT增强扫描,并划定了肿瘤感兴趣区域(ROI)。提取强度、形态特征(球度)和纹理特征(灰度共现矩阵)。建立了免疫治疗疗效的预测模型,比较了logistic回归(LR)、支持向量机(SVM)、k近邻(KNN)和Boosting算法在准确性、特异性、精密度、召回率和f评分方面的性能。此外,记录两组患者的引流时间、住院时间、护理后生活质量评分(包括身体功能、心理功能、社会功能和物质生活)和并发症发生率。结果在预测模型中,LR模型在多个关键指标上均优于SVM、KNN和AdaBoost算法,准确率(0.787比0.771/0.752/0.754)、特异性(0.525比0.352/0.256/0.236)、精密度(0.895比0.753/0.761/0.778)、召回率(0.889比0.762/0.858/0.793)和F1评分(0.892比0.757/0.807/0.785)均高于SVM、KNN和AdaBoost算法。护理干预方面,干预组拔管时间(52.39±4.32 h)和住院时间(11.82±1.84 d)显著短于对照组(67.93±5.76 h和17.92±2.91 d),差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。在护理干预方面,两组患者入组时基线生活质量评分差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。护理后,干预组在身体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活质量等方面得分均显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)。干预组并发症发生率(2.94%)低于对照组(17.65%),但差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论ct影像组学技术有望作为预测非小细胞肺癌患者免疫治疗疗效的辅助工具。在同一队列中平行研究的预测护理模型表明,这种前瞻性护理方法可以显著改善患者的预后。这种整合方法突出了一个有前途的“从预测到关怀”框架,值得进一步探索。
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引用次数: 0
A new three-parameter statistical distribution with applications to biomedical and radiation data 一种新的三参数统计分布及其在生物医学和辐射数据中的应用
IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102167
Mohammed Ibrahim AlTwijri , Norah D. Alshahrani , Mohammed Elgarhy , Mahmoud Elsehetry , Bassant Elkalzah
In this paper, we present a new extension of the power Komal distribution (PKD), an original modification of the PKD. The new suggested model is called the half-logistic power Komal distribution (HLPKD). This modified distribution keeps the original PKD simple while providing more flexibility and accuracy when modeling data. The HLPKD has numerous statistical characteristics, including right-skewed, decreased and unimodal probability density functions, skewness, kurtosis moments, incomplete moments, and order statistics. We illustrate the HLPKD’s effectiveness and dependability using the maximum likelihood standard parameter estimate technique and a complete simulation exercise. From the simulation results, we can note that the bias, relative bias, mean square error, root mean square error and average length values decrease as the sample size increases Furthermore, implementing the HLPKD to two real-life biomedical/radiation datasets illustrates its usefulness. It can outperform well-known models as power Komal, Komal, power length-biased new xLindley, power Lindley, power Zeghdoudi, half-logistic new Weibull Pareto, half logistic Weibull, and half logistic exponential distributions.
本文提出了幂Komal分布(PKD)的一个新的扩展,它是PKD的一个原始修改。新提出的模型被称为半logistic功率Komal分布(HLPKD)。这个修改后的分布保持了原始PKD的简单性,同时在建模数据时提供了更多的灵活性和准确性。HLPKD具有许多统计特征,包括右偏斜、减少和单峰概率密度函数、偏度、峰度矩、不完全矩和阶统计量。我们使用最大似然标准参数估计技术和完整的模拟练习来说明HLPKD的有效性和可靠性。从仿真结果可以看出,偏差、相对偏差、均方误差、均方根误差和平均长度值随着样本量的增加而减小。此外,将HLPKD应用于两个真实的生物医学/辐射数据集说明了它的实用性。它优于幂Komal、Komal、幂长度偏置的new xLindley、幂Lindley、幂Zeghdoudi、半logistic新Weibull Pareto、半logistic Weibull和半logistic指数分布等知名模型。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid testing combined with high-resolution computed tomography of patients with invasive pulmonary fungal disease 支气管肺泡灌洗液检查联合高分辨率计算机断层扫描对侵袭性肺部真菌病的诊断价值
IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102171
Xiaojin Zheng , Kaili Xu

Objective

This study was aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) testing plus high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of patients with invasive pulmonary fungal infection (IPFI).

Methods

Two hundred and thirty patients with invasive pulmonary fungal disease were rolled into invasive group (n = 104) and non-invasive group (n = 126) under the diagnostic criteria for IPFI. All patients underwent BALF testing and HRCT imaging. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of BALF testing, HRCT imaging, and their combination were calculated. Seven fungal species were identified in invasive group, with Aspergillus fumigatus exhibiting the highest isolation rate of 61 cases (58.65 %). BALF testing detected fungi in 87 patients, including 57 cases of Aspergillus fumigatus, demonstrating a concordance rate of 93.44 %.

Results

The prevalence of IPFI was 45.22 % (104/230). HRCT findings revealed that invasive fungal infections predominantly affected the left upper lobe (51 cases, 25.89 %). Radiological features included cavities (36.54 %), solitary nodules or masses (25.96 %), aspergillomas (16.35 %), and patchy or consolidative opacities (21.15 %). 1,3-β-D-glucan in serum and galactomannan (GM) in BALF in the invasive group was relatively higher than non-invasive group (P < 0.05). BALF testing demonstrated a sensitivity of 73.08 %, specificity of 91.27 %, PPV of 87.36 %, NPV of 80.42 %, and an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.591. HRCT imaging showed a sensitivity of 65.38 %, specificity of 92.06 %, PPV of 87.18 %, NPV of 76.32 %, and an AUC of 0.724. Combined testing (BALF + HRCT) exhibited superior performance, achieving a sensitivity of 84.62 %, specificity of 93.65 %, PPV of 91.67 %, NPV of 88.06 %, and an AUC of 0.807.

Conclusion

The combination of BALF testing and chest HRCT demonstrates high diagnostic value for IPFI, greatly improving sensitivity and specificity. This integrated approach shows promising diagnostic value and may provide a useful basis for clinical decision-making, though findings require validation in larger, prospective, multi-center studies.
目的探讨支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)检查联合高分辨率计算机断层扫描(HRCT)对侵袭性肺部真菌感染(IPFI)的诊断价值。方法将230例侵袭性肺部真菌病患者按IPFI诊断标准分为侵袭组(104例)和非侵袭组(126例)。所有患者均行BALF检查和HRCT成像。计算BALF检测、HRCT成像及其联合检测的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值(PPV)、阴性预测值(NPV)。侵袭组共鉴定出7种真菌,其中烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)分离率最高,达61例(58.65%)。BALF检测真菌87例,其中烟曲霉57例,符合率为93.44%。结果IPFI患病率为45.22%(104/230)。HRCT结果显示,侵袭性真菌感染主要累及左上叶(51例,25.89%)。放射学特征包括空腔(36.54%),孤立结节或肿块(25.96%),曲霉菌瘤(16.35%),斑片状或实变性混浊(21.15%)。有创组患者血清中1,3-β- d -葡聚糖含量及BALF中半乳甘露聚糖(GM)含量相对高于无创组(P < 0.05)。BALF检测的灵敏度为73.08%,特异性为91.27%,PPV为87.36%,NPV为80.42%,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.591。HRCT成像灵敏度65.38%,特异度92.06%,PPV 87.18%, NPV 76.32%, AUC 0.724。联合检测(BALF + HRCT)表现优异,灵敏度为84.62%,特异性为93.65%,PPV为91.67%,NPV为88.06%,AUC为0.807。结论BALF检测联合胸部HRCT对IPFI具有较高的诊断价值,大大提高了敏感性和特异性。这种综合方法显示出有希望的诊断价值,并可能为临床决策提供有用的基础,尽管研究结果需要在更大的、前瞻性的、多中心的研究中得到验证。
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引用次数: 0
Meta-analysis of diffusion-weighted imaging in detecting postoperative ischemic brain injury in patients with carotid artery stenosis 弥散加权成像检测颈动脉狭窄患者术后缺血性脑损伤的meta分析
IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102177
Lisha Fan, Feng Chen

Objective

This work systematically evaluated the incidence and influencing factors of new ischemic brain lesions detected by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients with CA stenosis through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

Relevant studies on new ischemic brain lesions detected by DWI after CEA or CAS were retrieved from multiple databases. After literature screening and quality assessment, eleven eligible studies were included. Meta-analysis of key indicators, including the incidence of DWI-detected ischemic lesions and the postoperative DWI-positive rate, was performed using Stata MP18.0 and RevMan5.3.

Results

The pooled estimate of the detection rate of new DWI lesions per post-operative scan was 58.64 % (95 % CI: 44.30 %–72.98 %) under the fixed-effect model, with moderate heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 49.0 %, P = 0.047). Subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of DWI lesions after CAS was 37.84 % (95 % CI: 24.68 %–51.01 %), while after CEA it was 27.05 % (95 % CI: 25.10 %–28.99 %). Among CAS studies reporting the use of embolic protection devices (EPD), the pooled risk difference was 93.82 (95 % CI: 45.34–142.31), with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0 %). The pooled effect size for the analysis of DWI lesion characteristics was 58.50 (95 % CI: 28.59–88.40), also with no heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 0.0 %).

Conclusion

This meta-analysis confirmed that new DWI ischemic lesions are common after carotid revascularization, with incidence varying by surgical method (higher in CAS than in CEA). Despite considerable heterogeneity, DWI appears effective for detecting acute postoperative cerebral ischemic injury. Its routine inclusion in assessment protocols should be considered alongside standardization efforts to reduce variability in imaging and procedural protocols.
目的通过系统综述和荟萃分析,系统评价颈动脉狭窄患者颈动脉内膜切除术(CEA)或颈动脉支架置入术(CAS)后弥散加权成像(DWI)检测新发缺血性脑病变的发生率及影响因素。方法从多个数据库中检索CEA或CAS术后DWI检测新发缺血性脑病变的相关研究。经过文献筛选和质量评估,纳入了11项符合条件的研究。采用Stata MP18.0和RevMan5.3对dwi检测到的缺血性病变发生率和术后dwi阳性率等关键指标进行meta分析。结果固定效应模型下每次术后扫描DWI新病灶检出率的合并估计为58.64% (95% CI: 44.30% ~ 72.98%),各研究间存在中等异质性(I2 = 49.0%, P = 0.047)。亚组分析显示,CAS术后DWI病变发生率为37.84% (95% CI: 24.68% ~ 51.01%), CEA术后DWI病变发生率为27.05% (95% CI: 25.10% ~ 28.99%)。在报告使用栓塞保护装置(EPD)的CAS研究中,合并风险差异为93.82 (95% CI: 45.34-142.31),无异质性(I2 = 0.0%)。DWI病变特征分析的合并效应大小为58.50 (95% CI: 28.59-88.40),研究间也无异质性(I2 = 0.0%)。结论本荟萃分析证实,颈动脉血运重建术后新的DWI缺血性病变很常见,其发生率因手术方式而异(CAS高于CEA)。尽管存在很大的异质性,DWI在检测急性术后脑缺血损伤方面似乎是有效的。应考虑将其常规纳入评估方案,同时进行标准化工作,以减少成像和程序方案的可变性。
{"title":"Meta-analysis of diffusion-weighted imaging in detecting postoperative ischemic brain injury in patients with carotid artery stenosis","authors":"Lisha Fan,&nbsp;Feng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This work systematically evaluated the incidence and influencing factors of new ischemic brain lesions detected by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients with CA stenosis through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Relevant studies on new ischemic brain lesions detected by DWI after CEA or CAS were retrieved from multiple databases. After literature screening and quality assessment, eleven eligible studies were included. Meta-analysis of key indicators, including the incidence of DWI-detected ischemic lesions and the postoperative DWI-positive rate, was performed using <em>Stata MP18.0</em> and <em>RevMan5.3</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The pooled estimate of the detection rate of new DWI lesions per post-operative scan was 58.64 % (95 % CI: 44.30 %–72.98 %) under the fixed-effect model, with moderate heterogeneity among studies (<em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 49.0 %, <em>P</em> = 0.047). Subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of DWI lesions after CAS was 37.84 % (95 % CI: 24.68 %–51.01 %), while after CEA it was 27.05 % (95 % CI: 25.10 %–28.99 %). Among CAS studies reporting the use of embolic protection devices (EPD), the pooled risk difference was 93.82 (95 % CI: 45.34–142.31), with no heterogeneity (<em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 0.0 %). The pooled effect size for the analysis of DWI lesion characteristics was 58.50 (95 % CI: 28.59–88.40), also with no heterogeneity among studies (<em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 0.0 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This meta-analysis confirmed that new DWI ischemic lesions are common after carotid revascularization, with incidence varying by surgical method (higher in CAS than in CEA). Despite considerable heterogeneity, DWI appears effective for detecting acute postoperative cerebral ischemic injury. Its routine inclusion in assessment protocols should be considered alongside standardization efforts to reduce variability in imaging and procedural protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of case management on chemotherapy adherence, complications, and quality of life post-bladder tumor resection 病例管理对膀胱肿瘤切除术后化疗依从性、并发症和生活质量的影响
IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102178
Qiumei Huang, Yudui Xia, Jingfen Cui, Xinli Wang

Purpose

Successful management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) following transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) depends critically on compliance with intravesical chemotherapy. This study evaluates the impact of a case management model on patient adherence and prognosis.

Methods

This retrospective cohort analysis enrolled NMIBC patients who underwent intravesical chemotherapy after TURBT from June 2022 to June 2024. Subjects were allocated to either a case management cohort (n = 47) or a conventional care cohort (n = 43). Evaluations conducted at 6 and 12 months post-intervention encompassed adherence to therapy, scores from the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Bladder (FACT-BL), incidence of complications, rates of bladder tumor recurrence, results from the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), as well as outcomes from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BLS24).

Results

The case management group showed higher overall treatment adherence (100 % vs 83.72 %, p = 0.013), calculated for all 47 patients who completed the one-year study period with no dropouts or exclusions due to protocol deviation, and lower complication rates during instillation (21.28 % vs 46.51 %, p = 0.011). FACT-BL scores in all four domains were higher in the case management group (all p < 0.05). SAS (41.77 vs 49.32, p < 0.001) and SDS (44.66 vs 47.82, p = 0.001) scores were lower. QLQ-BLS24 indicated reduced future concerns and improved gastrointestinal symptoms, while QLQ-C30 showed better cognitive, emotional, and social functioning. No difference in bladder tumor recurrence rates was observed (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

A structured case management model enhanced adherence, reduced complications, and improved quality of life for NMIBC patients receiving intravesical chemotherapy without negatively impacting short-term recurrence rates.
目的经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术(TURBT)后非肌肉侵袭性膀胱癌(NMIBC)的成功治疗关键取决于膀胱内化疗的依从性。本研究评估病例管理模式对患者依从性和预后的影响。方法回顾性队列分析纳入2022年6月至2024年6月在TURBT术后接受膀胱化疗的NMIBC患者。受试者被分配到病例管理队列(n = 47)或常规护理队列(n = 43)。干预后6个月和12个月进行的评估包括治疗依从性、癌症治疗功能评估-膀胱(FACT-BL)评分、并发症发生率、膀胱肿瘤复发率、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)的结果,以及欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织生活质量问卷(EORTC QLQ-C30和QLQ-BLS24)的结果。结果病例管理组显示了更高的总体治疗依从性(100% vs 83.72%, p = 0.013),所有47名患者完成了一年的研究期,没有因方案偏差而退出或排除,并且在注射期间并发症发生率较低(21.28% vs 46.51%, p = 0.011)。病例管理组在所有四个领域的FACT-BL得分均较高(p < 0.05)。SAS (41.77 vs 49.32, p < 0.001)和SDS (44.66 vs 47.82, p = 0.001)评分较低。QLQ-BLS24减少了对未来的担忧,改善了胃肠道症状,而QLQ-C30表现出更好的认知、情感和社交功能。两组膀胱肿瘤复发率无显著差异(p > 0.05)。结论结构化的病例管理模式提高了接受膀胱化疗的NMIBC患者的依从性,减少了并发症,改善了生活质量,而不会对短期复发率产生负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Construction of a nanobismuth-loaded hydroxyapatite coating on titanium surface and its antibacterial-osteogenic performance study 钛表面纳米铋负载羟基磷灰石涂层的构建及其抗菌成骨性能研究
IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102179
Xue Zhong, Yuhang Song, Zhen Wang

Objectives

Peri-implantitis and early osseointegration at the implant interface are critical challenges in dental implantation. An effective strategy to tackle these issues involves loading bioactive components onto the titanium surface and controlling their release. This research utilizes phase-transited lysozyme (PTL)to functionalize implant titanium surfaces, with the objective of fabricating a hydroxyapatite coating infused with bismuth nanoparticles to inhibit bacterial colonization and promote osteogenesis in vitro, thereby addressing key factors in the prevention of peri-implantitis.

Methods

First, use PTL to modify the surface of pristine titanium. On this basis, prepare a hydroxyapatite coating through the biomimetic mineralization method. Then, load the bismuth nanoparticles onto the titanium sheet by electrostatic adsorption. Finally, obtain a bismuth-loaded hydroxyapatite composite coating.

Results

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirmed that hydroxyapatite and bismuth nanoparticle composite coatings had been successfully laid down on modified titanium substrates with PTL treatment. SEM and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images revealed the microstructural characteristics of the coatings and the size distribution of the spherical BiNPs (approximately 20–30 nm). Bacterial assays and confocal microscopy observations demonstrated that the bismuth-loaded samples possessed potent early-stage antibacterial activity, effectively inhibiting both planktonic and adherent bacterial viability over a 5-day period, though efficacy gradually decreased over time. Laboratory cell tests indicated the coated titanium discs demonstrated minimal cytotoxicity and positively influenced osteoblast proliferation and adhesion, indicative of favorable biocompatibility.

Conclusion

The resultant Ti-HA-BiNPs coating conferred both enhanced antibacterial properties (>90 % initial inhibition) and osteogenic promotion, offering a promising dual-functional strategy for the prevention of peri-implantitis and enhancement of implant stability in the early postoperative period.
目的:种植体周围炎和种植体界面早期骨融合是种植体种植的关键问题。解决这些问题的有效策略包括将生物活性成分加载到钛表面并控制其释放。本研究利用相转移溶菌酶(PTL)对种植体钛表面进行功能化,目的是制备一种注入铋纳米粒子的羟基磷灰石涂层,以抑制细菌定植并促进体外成骨,从而解决预防种植体周围炎的关键因素。方法首先采用PTL对原始钛进行表面修饰。在此基础上,通过仿生矿化法制备羟基磷灰石涂层。然后,通过静电吸附将铋纳米粒子加载到钛片上。最后,得到负载铋的羟基磷灰石复合涂层。结果扫描电镜(SEM)、能量色散x射线能谱(EDX)和x射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析证实,羟基磷灰石和铋纳米颗粒复合涂层经PTL处理后成功沉积在改性钛基体上。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)图像显示了涂层的微观结构特征和球形BiNPs的尺寸分布(约20-30 nm)。细菌分析和共聚焦显微镜观察表明,含铋样品具有有效的早期抗菌活性,在5天的时间内有效地抑制浮游细菌和附着细菌的活力,但随着时间的推移,效果逐渐下降。实验室细胞测试表明,涂层钛盘表现出最小的细胞毒性,并积极影响成骨细胞的增殖和粘附,表明良好的生物相容性。结论制备的Ti-HA-BiNPs涂层具有增强的抗菌性能(90%的初始抑制作用)和促进成骨的双重功能,在术后早期预防种植体周围炎和增强种植体稳定性方面具有良好的双重功能。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing low-dose CT liver imaging with self-attention RRDB-ESRGAN: A SR approach for improved diagnostic accuracy 自我关注RRDB-ESRGAN增强低剂量CT肝脏成像:一种提高诊断准确性的SR方法
IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102145
Wail M. Idress , Yuqian Zhao , Osama Ziad Shahin , Laeeq Aslam , Muhammad Asim , Mudasir Ahmad Wani , Kashish Ara Shakil
Computed tomography (CT) plays a critical role in diagnosing liver diseases by enabling detailed visualization of internal anatomical structures. However, to minimize radiation exposure, low-dose CT (LDCT) protocols are often adopted; these inevitably lead to increased image noise and reduced spatial resolution, which adversely affect diagnostic quality. To address these limitations, we propose a novel super-resolution (SR) framework based on an enhanced version of the Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (ESRGAN), specifically designed for LDCT liver imaging. Our method integrates Residual-in-Residual Dense Blocks (RRDBs) within the generator to effectively capture complex anatomical features and hierarchical textures. A self-attention module is incorporated to selectively emphasize diagnostically salient regions, facilitating more accurate restoration of critical structures. The discriminator network, trained using an adversarial learning strategy, guides the generator toward producing images with enhanced perceptual realism. We evaluate our Self-Attention Residual-in-Residual Dense Block ESRGAN (Self-Attention RRDB-ESRGAN) model using three publicly available datasets: the Liver Tumor Segmentation Challenge (LiTS17), 3DIRCADb, and the Medical Segmentation Decathlon (Task 03_Liver). Quantitative metrics, including peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index measure (SSIM), and mean opinion score (MOS), demonstrate the superior performance of our model in restoring high-fidelity images from low-dose inputs. The Self-Attention RRDB-ESRGAN achieved an average PSNR of 41.579 dB and an SSIM of 0.9472, significantly outperforming existing methods, while experienced radiologists rated the perceptual quality with an average MOS of 4.05 out of 5. These findings highlight the effectiveness and clinical applicability of the proposed framework for enhancing LDCT liver images and improving diagnostic accuracy.
计算机断层扫描(CT)通过对肝脏内部解剖结构的详细可视化,在诊断肝脏疾病中起着至关重要的作用。然而,为了尽量减少辐射暴露,通常采用低剂量CT (LDCT)方案;这些不可避免地导致图像噪声增加和空间分辨率降低,从而对诊断质量产生不利影响。为了解决这些限制,我们提出了一种新的超分辨率(SR)框架,该框架基于增强型超分辨率生成对抗网络(ESRGAN)的增强版本,专门为LDCT肝脏成像设计。该方法将残差密集块(rrdb)集成到生成器中,以有效捕获复杂的解剖特征和分层纹理。一个自我关注模块被纳入选择性地强调诊断突出区域,促进更准确地恢复关键结构。鉴别器网络使用对抗学习策略进行训练,引导生成器生成具有增强感知真实感的图像。我们使用三个公开可用的数据集来评估我们的自注意残差密集块ESRGAN(自注意RRDB-ESRGAN)模型:肝脏肿瘤分割挑战(LiTS17)、3DIRCADb和医学分割十项竞赛(任务03_Liver)。定量指标,包括峰值信噪比(PSNR)、结构相似指数(SSIM)和平均意见评分(MOS),证明了我们的模型在从低剂量输入恢复高保真图像方面的卓越性能。自关注RRDB-ESRGAN的平均PSNR为41.579 dB, SSIM为0.9472,显著优于现有方法,而经验丰富的放射科医生对感知质量的平均MOS为4.05(满分5分)。这些发现强调了所提出的框架在增强LDCT肝脏图像和提高诊断准确性方面的有效性和临床适用性。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation value of ultrasonic shear wave elastic imaging, MRI combined with ADC value in liver fibrosis degree of nonalcoholic fatty liver 超声剪切波弹性成像、MRI结合ADC值对非酒精性脂肪肝肝纤维化程度的评价价值
IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102135
Yang Liu, Fei Teng, Yan Ding, Jian Zhou, Qibo Cai, Yang Shi, Qi Liu
To investigate the value of ultrasonic shear wave elastography (SWE), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in evaluating the degree of liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
150 patients with NAFLD were selected as the observation group, another 150 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. According to METAVIR score, the degree of liver fibrosis was divided into F0 stage, F1 stage, F2 stage, F3 stage and F4 stage. SWE, MRI and ADC values were detected in all subjects. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between each parameter and the stage of liver fibrosis.
The results of liver puncture pathology were the gold standard. Young's modulus and MRI-PDFF (Proton density fat fraction) in observation group were higher than those in control group, ADC was lower than those in control group (P < 0.05). Young's modulus and MRI-PDFF in F4 group were higher than those in F3, F2, F1 and F0 groups (P < 0.05), and ADC in F4 group was lower than that in F3, F2, F1 and F0 groups (P < 0.05), and the differences among all groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Young's modulus and MRI-PDFF were positively correlated with the degree of NAFLD liver fibrosis, while ADC was negatively correlated (r = 0.662, 0.542, −0.571, P < 0.05). The AUC value of Young's modulus, MRI-PDFF and ADC values in the evaluation of the degree of NAFLD liver fibrosis was higher than that of single detection (Z = 3.283, 3.276, 4.038, P < 0.05). The calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that the model had better predictive value, and the plotted decision curve (DCA) also showed obvious positive net benefit.
The combined determination of SWE, MRI and ADC has higher value in evaluating the degree of liver fibrosis in NAFLD. The nomogram model established by this method has good predictive value.
探讨超声横波弹性成像(SWE)、磁共振成像(MRI)和表观扩散系数(ADC)对非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)肝纤维化程度的评价价值。选择150例NAFLD患者作为观察组,另选择150例健康受试者作为对照组。根据METAVIR评分将肝纤维化程度分为F0期、F1期、F2期、F3期和F4期。所有受试者均检测SWE、MRI和ADC值。采用Spearman相关系数分析各参数与肝纤维化分期的相关性。肝穿刺病理结果为金标准。观察组患者的杨氏模量、MRI-PDFF(质子密度脂肪分数)均高于对照组,ADC低于对照组(P < 0.05)。F4组的杨氏模量、MRI-PDFF高于F3、F2、F1、F0组(P < 0.05), F4组的ADC低于F3、F2、F1、F0组(P < 0.05),各组间差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。杨氏模量、MRI-PDFF与NAFLD肝纤维化程度呈正相关,ADC与NAFLD肝纤维化程度呈负相关(r = 0.662, 0.542, - 0.571, P < 0.05)。杨氏模量、MRI-PDFF和ADC值评价NAFLD肝纤维化程度的AUC值高于单一检测(Z = 3.283、3.276、4.038,P < 0.05)。校正曲线和受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)显示该模型具有较好的预测价值,绘制的决策曲线(DCA)也显示出明显的正净效益。SWE、MRI、ADC联合检测对NAFLD肝纤维化程度评价有较高价值。该方法建立的模态图模型具有较好的预测价值。
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引用次数: 0
A survey on recent Progress on Monte Carlo simulation methods in radiation detection 蒙特卡罗模拟方法在辐射探测中的最新进展综述
IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102146
Nadyah Alanazi , Raghad Aljeraiwi , Maram Almutairi , Abdullah N. Alodhayb
Monte Carlo Simulations are methods used to simulate physical systems and evaluate physical properties that are extremely difficult to execute in real life. It is used as a golden standard tool for modeling complex radiation interactions with materials and for modeling complex detectors geometries. Such simulation methods designed for different particles transports such as protons, neutrons, and gamma-rays. In this review, we will focus on recent literature on using Monte Carlo Simulation in detecting radiations, focusing on GEANT, MCNP, and EGS toolkits highlighting their unique capabilities in simulating various particles and geometries with high accuracy, as well as recent advancements in enhancing their performance including high-performance computing integration, variance reduction techniques, and hybrid modeling approaches that combine Monte Carlo simulations with deterministic or AI-based techniques. The review outlines recent Monte Carlo simulation applications such as medical physics, particle physics, and environmental monitoring, underlining the adaptability and future potentials of Monte Carlo simulation in advanced radiation detection systems.
蒙特卡罗模拟是用来模拟物理系统和评估物理特性的方法,在现实生活中很难执行。它被用作模拟与材料的复杂辐射相互作用和模拟复杂探测器几何形状的黄金标准工具。这种模拟方法是为不同的粒子传输设计的,如质子、中子和伽马射线。在这篇综述中,我们将重点介绍最近关于使用蒙特卡罗模拟检测辐射的文献,重点介绍GEANT, MCNP和EGS工具包,重点介绍它们在高精度模拟各种粒子和几何形状方面的独特能力,以及在增强其性能方面的最新进展,包括高性能计算集成,方差减少技术,以及将蒙特卡罗模拟与确定性或基于人工智能的技术相结合的混合建模方法。本文概述了蒙特卡罗模拟在医学物理、粒子物理和环境监测等方面的最新应用,强调了蒙特卡罗模拟在先进辐射探测系统中的适应性和未来潜力。
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引用次数: 0
KLK5 promotes anoikis resistance in non-small cell lung cancer by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway KLK5通过激活PI3K/AKT信号通路促进非小细胞肺癌的anoikis耐药
IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102162
Lei Zhang , Qingqing Sun , Qingyong Cai , Mingqiang Shen , Zhijun Zhu , Tengfang Zhang , Baolei Liang , Jinjiao Zhang

Background

Metastasis and recurrence remain the principal causes of mortality in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. A critical prerequisite for tumor cell invasion and metastasis is the development of resistance to anoikis. In NSCLC, high levels of KLK5 are linked to lymphatic metastasis and unfavorable patient survival. This study was designed to investigate the role of KLK5 in anoikis and hypothesized that KLK5 promotes NSCLC metastasis by conferring anoikis resistance via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Methods

We established and characterized an anoikis-resistant stable cell line, AR-H1299. KLK5 expression in these cells was measured using RT-qPCR and Western blot. Functional assessments of AR-H1299 cells, including CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay, were performed, and the levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis signaling-related proteins were examined. The mechanism by which KLK5 confers anoikis resistance was further investigated through Western blot analysis and functional rescue experiments.

Results

Our results show that KLK5 expression is closely associated with anoikis resistance in NSCLC cells. Genetic knockdown of KLK5 inhibited, while its overexpression enhanced, the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT process of AR-H1299 cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that KLK5 promotes the expression of downstream apoptotic regulators Bcl-2 and Bad by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Rescue experiments confirmed that the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 could counteract the pro-metastatic effects induced by KLK5 upregulation.

Conclusion

This study elucidates a previously unreported mechanism by which KLK5 confers anoikis resistance through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote metastasis in NSCLC.
背景:转移和复发仍然是非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者死亡的主要原因。肿瘤细胞侵袭和转移的一个关键先决条件是对肿瘤产生耐药性。在非小细胞肺癌中,高水平的KLK5与淋巴转移和不利的患者生存有关。本研究旨在探讨KLK5在anoikis中的作用,并假设KLK5通过PI3K/AKT通路赋予anoikis抗性,从而促进NSCLC转移。方法建立一株抗异臭稳定细胞系AR-H1299,并对其进行鉴定。采用RT-qPCR和Western blot检测KLK5在这些细胞中的表达。对AR-H1299细胞进行功能评估,包括CCK-8实验、集落形成实验、流式细胞术、伤口愈合实验和Transwell实验,并检测上皮-间质转化(EMT)和转移信号相关蛋白的水平。通过Western blot分析和功能拯救实验进一步研究了KLK5赋予anoikis抗性的机制。结果KLK5表达与非小细胞肺癌耐药密切相关。KLK5基因敲低抑制AR-H1299细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT过程,而过表达增强。机制研究表明,KLK5通过激活PI3K/AKT通路,促进下游凋亡调节因子Bcl-2和Bad的表达。救援实验证实PI3K/AKT抑制剂LY294002可以抵消KLK5上调诱导的促转移作用。本研究阐明了一种以前未报道的机制,即KLK5通过PI3K/AKT信号通路赋予anoikis抗性,从而促进NSCLC的转移。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences
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