Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Impact of suction and blowing on radiative heat transfer of maxwell fluid with homogenous heterogenous reactions","authors":"K. Sudarmozhi ,&nbsp;Ali Ahmed Alqahtani ,&nbsp;Shafiullah Niazai ,&nbsp;Ilyas Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of thermal radiation on heat and mass transfer in a Darcy porous medium, incorporating suction and blowing effects. The Maxwell fluid model is analyzed under the influence of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and heat generation. Governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations and solved numerically using MATLAB's bvp4c solver. Key findings include that for homogeneous effects, the concentration profile decreases with suction and increases with blowing, whereas for heterogeneous effects, the concentration profile decreases in both cases. Velocity, temperature, concentration profiles, Nusselt number, skin friction, and Sherwood number are quantitatively examined. The study provides insights into fluid flow and mass transfer in porous media, relevant to applications such as enhanced oil recovery and chemical engineering. By comparing homogenization and heterogenization effects, this work addresses critical gaps in understanding their influence on fluid dynamics and reaction environments, offering guidance for improving efficiency in industrial processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-time dosimetry in lung cancer radiotherapy using PET imaging of positrons induced by gold nanoparticles","authors":"Roghiye Bodaghi Hosseinabadi,&nbsp;Hossein Rajabi","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiation therapy (RT) is a potent lung cancer treatment. Real-time dosimetry improves precision and minimizes damage to healthy tissues. However, challenges persist due to invasive, low-resolution, or limited applicability of real-time dosimetry methods. The study aims to use gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-induced pair production to acquire PET (Positron Emission Tomography) images during lung tumor radiotherapy and assess their feasibility for real-time dose monitoring. The GATE Monte Carlo code was employed to create a simulation of PET imaging for lung tumors with different levels of AuNP (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% by weight (wt%)) during radiotherapy with 6 MV, 10 MV, and 15 MV photon beams. The quality of images was evaluated by utilizing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Additionally, the root mean square error (RMSE) was calculated to evaluate differences between the normalized intensity volume histogram (nIVH) from PET images and the reference normalized dose volume histogram (nDVH). The study found that increasing AuNP concentrations in the tumor had minimal impact on CNR, SNR, and RMSE values for 6 MV photon beams. For 10 MV beams, CNR and SNR remained stable up to 8 wt%, but increased beyond this. For 15 MV beams, CNR and SNR values were constant at 4 wt% or lower but improved when exceeding 4 wt%. The lowest RMSE values for 15 MV beams were observed at concentrations of 4 wt% or higher. PET imaging with a 10 MV photon beam achieves acceptable dosimetric accuracy with at least 8 wt% AuNPs. Additionally, incorporating AuNPs at 4 wt% or higher concentrations in lung tumors allows for real-time dose monitoring during radiotherapy with a 15 MV photon beam.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosimetric comparison of noncoplanar volumetric modulated arc therapy and helical tomotherapy in whole brain radiotherapy with hippocampus avoidance","authors":"Xiao-Long Cheng,&nbsp;Ji-Ping Liu,&nbsp;Bin-Bing Wang,&nbsp;Long Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Whole-brain radiotherapy(WBRT) can alleviate symptoms in patients with brain metastases. However, WBRT may damage the hippocampus.The helical tomotherapy (HT) presents a significant dosimetric advantage in the hippocampus avoidance WBRT(HA-WBRT). How to design linear accelerator radiation therapy plan for HA-WBRT is a challenge for medical physicists.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study is to investigate the dosimetric differences between noncoplanar VMAT(NC-VMAT) and HT in HA-WBRT, exploring the feasibility of NC-VMAT for HA-WBRT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen patients with HA-WBRT were chosen randomly. For each patient, the Monaco TPS was used to design four distinct NC-VMAT plans based on the quantity of non-coplanar arcs (NC-VMATA, NC-VMATB,NC-VMATC,NC-VMATD) for HA-WBRT, totaling 60 plans. The HT TPS was used to generate HT plans, totaling 15 plans.The prescribed dose was 30 Gy in 10 fractions. Treatment plans were established based on the RTOG 0933 criteria.Under the premise that the 95% isodose curve covers the target area, dose-volume histogram(DVH) was applied to evaluate the WB-PTV, CI, HI, Dmax, Dmean, Dmin and doses of OARs in NC-VMAT and HT plans. Paired <em>t</em>-test was performed to compare the differences between each two radiation therapy plans, and p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The RTOG0933 criteria could not be satisfied in NC-VMATA with 1 non-coplanar beam. NC-VMATB with 2 non-coplanar beams, the condition Dmax&lt;16 Gy was not satisfied for 8 case in the hippocampus. NC-VMATC with 3 non-coplanar beams, the condition D98% &gt; 25 Gy was not satisfied for 5 case in the WB-PTV. NC-VMATD with 4 non-coplanar beams and HT, all plans complied with the \"Per protocol\" requirements in the RTOG 0933 standard.We compared NC-VMATD with HT and found that there were no differences in the D98% and D2% of WB-PTV. However, the HT was significantly superior to NC-VMATD in terms of CI, HI, Dmean in HP, Dmax in Lens, Dmean in eyes (p &lt; 0.05). The Dmax, D100% of HP and the dosimetry of other OARs had no significant difference (p &gt; 0.05).In contrast, the average beam on time in NC-VMATD was greater advantage(506s Vs 687s, p &lt; 0.05). NC-VMAT and HT planning templates were devised, which facilitated physicists in rapidly designing high-quality HA-WBRT plans.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>NC-VMAT proves to be effective in managing HA-WBRT.The plan quality improved along with the increase of non-coplanar arcs. NC-VMAT(one full arc and four noncoplanar partial arcs) with FFF irradiation mode is most recommended plan design pattern. NC-VMAT provides a practical clinical treatment option for HA-WBRT based on linear accelerators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local diagnostic reference levels of pediatric chest and abdominopelvic CT examinations based on body weight in central region of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Khaled Alenazi ,&nbsp;Essam Alkhybari ,&nbsp;Ali Alhailiy ,&nbsp;Haitham Alahmad ,&nbsp;Sultan Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Nada Fisal ,&nbsp;Salman Albeshan","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Establishing diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for pediatric patients is more challenging than for adults due to the wide variation in their weight. To address this challenge, established guidelines recommend using pediatric weight categories in DRL surveys to enable accurate comparisons with previous data and facilitate effective radiation dose optimization.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to suggest weight-based DRLs for routine pediatric CT examinations, including the chest, abdomen, and pelvis.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>233 pediatric CT examination patients weighing 80 kg or less (81 chest, 124 abdomen &amp; pelvis, and 28 chest, abdomen, and pelvis (CAP) CT scans) were categorized as follows: &lt;5 kg; 15 kg (5 to &lt;15 kg); 30 kg (15 to &lt;30 kg); 50 kg (30 to &lt;50 kg); 80 kg (50 to &lt;80 kg). DRLs were set at the 75th percentile of CTDIvol and DLP and compared with other international published reports.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 75% values of CTDIvol and DLP ranges were 3.46–9.04 mGy and 58.28–288.27 mGy cm for chest, 4.01–8.77 mGy and 162.43–466.37 mGy cm for abdomen &amp; pelvis, and 2.91–4.67 mGy and 73.70–239.00 mGy cm, respectively, for CAP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The authors suggest local DRLs in the pediatric chest, abdomen &amp; pelvis, and CAP CT scans according to body weight. Overall, our DRLs were generally higher than DRLs in other countries except Japan, where the values were comparable. Thus, it is crucial to optimize radiation parameters to minimize the radiation dose in children while maintaining acceptable image quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101371"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing skin toxicity predictions in breast cancer radiotherapy through integrated CT radiomics, dosiomics, and machine learning models","authors":"Weiqiang Ren,&nbsp;Xiaoming Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to develop and test a multidimensional machine learning framework that combines radiomic, dosiomic, and dosimetric features to predict severe skin toxicity in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. The goal was to improve prediction accuracy and support personalized treatment planning.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The study analyzed a retrospective cohort of 789 breast cancer patients. Pre-treatment computed tomography images were used to extract 215 radiomic features, while 78 dosiomic features were derived from radiation dose distributions. Additionally, 22 dosimetric features, such as dose-volume histograms and mean dose, were included. Feature selection was performed using three methods: Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE), Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator, and Analysis of Variance. Seven classifiers were trained and validated through 5-fold cross-validation. These classifiers included k-Nearest Neighbors, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, Gradient Boosting Machine, Extreme Gradient Boosting, Voting, and Stacking. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis was applied to interpret the contributions of individual features to the model predictions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The best predictive performance was achieved by combining radiomic, dosiomic, and dosimetric features. The Stacking Classifier with RFE showed the highest metrics: 96% accuracy, 95% sensitivity, and 97% AUC-ROC. Among the individual feature types, radiomic features performed better than dosiomic and dosimetric features, achieving an AUC-ROC of 93% with RFE and the Voting Classifier. Dosiomic features were more predictive than dosimetric features alone, with an AUC-ROC of 94% using the Stacking Classifier. SHAP analysis highlighted that texture and spatial features were key predictors of skin toxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Integrating radiomic, dosiomic, and dosimetric features significantly enhances the prediction of radiation-induced skin toxicity. These findings highlight the potential of machine learning to improve personalized treatment planning. Further validation in larger, multi-center studies is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application to radiation data sets by suggesting an improved mean estimator under probability proportional to size sampling","authors":"Ghadah Alomani ,&nbsp;Mohamed Kayid ,&nbsp;Sohaib Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The performance of estimators was established through applications to three real-world datasets from the radiation sciences, and their reliability was confirmed by using simulation study, which demonstrated to be more effective in fitting data than conventional estimators, when investigated with the mean square error metrics, suggesting it could serve as a valuable complementary tool for researchers studying sampling theory and general statistical estimating. Finding out how well microwave and gamma irradiation work against the drugstore beetle was the driving force for this research. In this research, radiation data is put through to a new estimator for population mean estimate under PPS sampling. By using the sampling strategy in a symmetrical fashion across the population, we may eliminate bias and ensure that the sample more accurately represents the whole population. The proposed estimator was evaluated using a comprehensive numerical analysis and simulation research. When compared to existing estimators, the numerical result clearly shows that the proposed estimator works better when estimating the population mean.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemoradiotherapy combined with ICIs in the treatment of high PD-L1 expression-sensitive patients with non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Qi Zhu ,&nbsp;Henghu Fang ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Zheng ,&nbsp;Shanshan Wu ,&nbsp;Juyi Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The exploration of the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy combined with camrelizumab (ICIs) in the therapy of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) in high PD-L1 expression-sensitive populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>78 patients with advanced NSCLC were divided into a combination group treated with ICIs (camrelizumab) based on the control group and a control group treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Objective response rate (ORR) and the incidence of toxic side effects were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The ORR of the combination group was increased in comparison to that of the control one. After therapy, the CD4⁺ and CD3⁺ levels in the combination one and the control one were clearly increased compared to those at pre-therapy, and the CD8⁺ levels were clearly reduced in comparison to those at pre-therapy. And the CD4⁺ and CD3⁺ levels in the combination one after therapy were lower. The CD8⁺ level in the combination one was decreased. After therapy, the serum CEA, CYFRA21-1, and CA125 levels in the combination one and the control one were clearly less than those at pre-therapy. And after treatment, the serum CEA, CYFRA21-1, and CA125 levels in the combination one were clearly less. After treatment, the serum FAS and TuM2-PK levels in the combination one and the control one were clearly decreased compared to those at post-therapy. And after therapy, the serum FAS and TuM2-PK levels in the combination one were reduced. There was no significant difference in the overall survival rate of the combination group compared with the control group 12 months after enrollment (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ICIs combined with chemoradiotherapy can significantly control disease progression, improve their immune function, and reduce serum tumor marker levels without significantly increasing the toxic with toxicity of patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entropy optimization and Joule heating in Darcy-Forchheimer fluid flow past a moving needle with variable thermal conductivity and radiation effects","authors":"Muhammad Jawad ,&nbsp;Waris Khan ,&nbsp;Zhuojia Fu ,&nbsp;Mehboob Ali ,&nbsp;Waqar Azeem Khan ,&nbsp;Malak Naji ,&nbsp;Taseer Muhammad","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the boundary layer flow of fluid through a thin needle with thermal radiation is investigated. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), entropy generation, variable thermal conductivity, and viscosity are considered. By employing similarity transformation boundary layer equations are converted into non-dimensional systems. HAM is applied for solving nonlinear equations with appropriate boundary conditions. The influence of porosity parameter, variable viscosity parameter, size of the needle, thermal radiation, magnetohydrodynamic, variable thermal conductivity, velocity ratio parameter, Prandtl number, inertial parameter on temperature, Nusselt number, entropy generation, velocity, and skin friction are examined by graphical illustration. It is detected that the velocity profile declines by approximately 15% with a rise in the inertial parameter from 0.2 to 0.5, and by 12% for an upsurge in the porosity parameter from 0.1 to 0.4. Velocity and temperature profiles display a reverse relationship with magnetic parameter; for illustration, the velocity profile reduce by 10% as M rises from 0.9 to 1.5, while the temperature profile rises by 8% under the same variation. The temperature profile decreases by 20% when the Prandtl number increases from 0.7 to 3.0. A reduction in needle size parameter reduces both thermal boundary layer thickness and temperature field by approximately 18%. Intensification in Eckert number and thermal radiation parameter significantly enhances the temperature field; an increase in <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></math></span> results in a 12% rise in the temperature profile. Entropy generation is enhanced by 25% when the magnetic parameter increases from 0.9 to 1.5, and by 30% for a rise in the temperature difference parameter. These results offer important new information for maximizing heat transmission and reducing energy losses in real-world applications requiring tiny needle geometries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of artificial intelligence among computed tomography technologists in Saudi Arabia: Influence of demographics and training on AI adoption","authors":"Sami A. Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Yazeed Alashban ,&nbsp;Ali B. Alhailiy ,&nbsp;Fahad F. Alharbi ,&nbsp;Assma E. Al-Nahrawi","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluates the perceptions of computed tomography (CT) technologists in Saudi Arabia regarding the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into radiology, focusing on the influence of demographic factors and prior AI training on their attitudes toward adopting AI in radiology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire distributed among CT technologists in various Saudi health-care facilities. The survey responses captured their demographic characteristics, exposure to AI training, and perceptions of the impact of AI on their workflows and career trajectories. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize categorical variables. Pearson's chi-square test was performed to evaluate associations between demographic/professional characteristics and AI perceptions. A p-value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 396 CT technologists participated in the survey, with 82.8% employed in public hospitals and 81.3% holding a bachelor's degree. While 65% agreed that using AI would enhance their CT practices, their concerns about career disruption were minimal, with 80% disagreeing with the idea that AI would negatively impact their work roles. Limited AI training was reported, with only 9.1% receiving education during their formal studies and 19.2% from workplace initiatives. Significant associations were observed between perceptions of AI and various factors (≤0.05), such as type of hospital, years of experience, and training exposure to AI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CT technologists in Saudi Arabia largely view AI as a positive addition to their radiology practices, but training gaps and resource disparities remain key challenges. Targeted educational programs and policies ensuring equitable access to AI resources are critical for fostering a well-prepared radiography workforce and facilitating seamless AI integration in radiology practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101355"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycling of cathode-ray tube screen glasses using Na2CO3: Structural properties and transmission resistance against charged radiation and neutron","authors":"Z.A. Alrowaili ,&nbsp;Norah Alomayrah ,&nbsp;Fatih Caliskan ,&nbsp;I.O. Olarinoye ,&nbsp;M.S. Al-Buriahi","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The number of damaged and end-of-life cathode-ray tube (CR)glasses has continued to rise globally; this has become an environmental issue. As a way of mitigating the resulting environmental problems, research aimed at finding alternative uses or upcycling waste CR glass for the production of valuable materials has become important. In this research, the consequence of adding Na₂CO₃ on the microstructural, mechanical, physical, and radiation absorption efficacy of CRT screen glass is reported. Glass system consisting of CR screen glass (CRT) and 20% (CRT-NC20) and 40% (CRT-NC40) Na₂CO₃ powder by weight were fabricated using the solid-state reaction and cold-isostatic-press process. The chemical structure of the glasses was investigated using the SEM-EDS method. The microhardness and density were determined using an experimental procedure conducted at room temperature. In addition, the mass stopping powers and projected ranges of charged particle and (thermal and fast) neutron cross-sections were determined theoretically. The densities of the glasses were 3.117, 2.987, and 2.894 g/cm³ for pure CR glass, and those containing 20% and 40% of Na₂CO_3, respectively. On the other hand, the corresponding Vickers hardness value was 495, 506, and 521 HV, respectively. The addition of Na₂CO₃ improved the ability of the CR glass to resist the transmission of charged radiation and increased the cross-sections of fast and thermal neutrons. The addition of Na₂CO₃ to CR glass is a good method of recycling waste CRT glass for fabricating radiation shielding material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}