Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102165
Ariiq Islam Alfajri , Tony Sumaryada , Sitti Yani , Duong Thanh Tai , Nissren Tamam , Abdelmoneim Sulieman
Purpose
This study explores the integration of quantum computing with classical convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to improve the classification of lung X-ray images into three diagnostic categories: normal, lung opacity, and viral pneumonia.
Methods
A dataset of 3475 lung X-ray images was split into training (80 %) and validation (20 %) subsets. Hybrid models combining classical CNN layers with quantum convolutional layers were developed using various combinations of quantum gates, including Rotation-X/Y and Pauli-X/Y/Z. Data augmentation techniques were applied to mitigate overfitting. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.
Results
The classical CNN model achieved the highest accuracy of 91 %. Among the quantum-enhanced models, the combination of Rotation-X and Pauli-Z gates produced the best results, reaching an accuracy of 87 %. While quantum integration introduced a slight decrease in accuracy, it demonstrated comparable performance across multiple gate configurations.
Conclusion
Hybrid quantum-classical CNNs show promise for medical image classification, with certain quantum gate combinations offering competitive performance. Further optimization of quantum parameters and multi-qubit interactions may enhance their future applicability in diagnostic imaging.
目的：探讨量子计算与经典卷积神经网络（cnn）的融合，将肺x线图像分为正常、肺不透明和病毒性肺炎三种诊断类型。方法将3475张肺x线图像数据集分为训练子集（80%）和验证子集（20%）。结合经典CNN层和量子卷积层的混合模型采用了不同的量子门组合，包括旋转门- x /Y和保利- x /Y/Z。采用数据增强技术来减轻过拟合。使用准确性、精密度、召回率和f1评分来评估模型的性能。结果经典CNN模型的准确率最高，达到91%。在量子增强模型中，旋转- x和保利- z门的组合产生了最好的结果，达到了87%的精度。虽然量子集成引入的精度略有下降，但它在多个栅极配置中表现出相当的性能。结论混合量子经典cnn在医学图像分类中有很好的应用前景，某些量子门组合具有一定的竞争力。进一步优化量子参数和多量子比特相互作用可能会增强它们在诊断成像中的适用性。
{"title":"Hybrid quantum-classical convolutional neural networks for multiclass lung X-ray image classification","authors":"Ariiq Islam Alfajri , Tony Sumaryada , Sitti Yani , Duong Thanh Tai , Nissren Tamam , Abdelmoneim Sulieman","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study explores the integration of quantum computing with classical convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to improve the classification of lung X-ray images into three diagnostic categories: normal, lung opacity, and viral pneumonia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A dataset of 3475 lung X-ray images was split into training (80 %) and validation (20 %) subsets. Hybrid models combining classical CNN layers with quantum convolutional layers were developed using various combinations of quantum gates, including Rotation-X/Y and Pauli-X/Y/Z. Data augmentation techniques were applied to mitigate overfitting. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The classical CNN model achieved the highest accuracy of 91 %. Among the quantum-enhanced models, the combination of Rotation-X and Pauli-Z gates produced the best results, reaching an accuracy of 87 %. While quantum integration introduced a slight decrease in accuracy, it demonstrated comparable performance across multiple gate configurations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hybrid quantum-classical CNNs show promise for medical image classification, with certain quantum gate combinations offering competitive performance. Further optimization of quantum parameters and multi-qubit interactions may enhance their future applicability in diagnostic imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102142
Hazirah Mohd Azmi , Norihan Md Arifin , Haliza Rosali , Siti Suzilliana Putri Mohamed Isa
Nanofluids, formed by dispersing nanoparticles into conventional base fluids, have gained significant attention as advanced heat transfer media in various sectors, including automotive, aerospace, nuclear reactors, biomedical systems, etc. Their enhanced thermophysical properties and particularly improved thermal conductivity, which make them superior to traditional fluids for high-efficiency thermal management. To accurately estimate the thermal conductivity of nanofluids, several theoretical models have been proposed, among which the Hamilton-Crosser (HC) model is widely adopted. This model extends Maxwell's classical theory by incorporating particle shape factors, providing more accurate predictions for fluids containing non-spherical or clustered nanoparticles. In the field of fluid mechanics, boundary layer flows influenced by magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and thermal radiation are of increasing relevance in systems subjected to magnetic fields and high heat loads, such as in magnetic cooling, plasma processing and solar energy applications. According to this problem statement, this paper provides a numerical solution for the mathematical modelling of the MHD radiative water-based nanofluid flow. This nanofluid contains a combination of four nanoparticles: alumina, copper, graphene and silicon dioxide, which represents a quaternary hybrid nanofluid system. The mathematical modelling was initiated with the partial differential equations (PDEs) and finalised by ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The transformations from PDEs to ODEs simplify the mathematical model for numerical analysis, which can be done by using similarity transformations. The resulting ODEs are solved using MATLAB's built-in bvp4c solver. Key physical quantities for the profiles (velocity and temperature) and the quantities measured for the flow and thermal characteristics (skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number) are graphically illustrated and described. The results show that the quaternary case produces the highest heat transfer rate compared to the nanofluid case, which has the lowest number of nanoparticle types (nanofluid case). In addition, the cylindrical shape is proven to have the highest local Nusselt number value for the stretching boundary case, while the spherical shape produces the highest local Nusselt number value for the shrinking boundary. Meanwhile, the magnetic field, thermal radiation, slip condition and projected angle at the sheet influence the distribution of the profile and physical parameters.
{"title":"The Hamilton-crosser thermal conductivity model in the quaternary nanofluid flow with second-order slip condition","authors":"Hazirah Mohd Azmi , Norihan Md Arifin , Haliza Rosali , Siti Suzilliana Putri Mohamed Isa","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanofluids, formed by dispersing nanoparticles into conventional base fluids, have gained significant attention as advanced heat transfer media in various sectors, including automotive, aerospace, nuclear reactors, biomedical systems, etc. Their enhanced thermophysical properties and particularly improved thermal conductivity, which make them superior to traditional fluids for high-efficiency thermal management. To accurately estimate the thermal conductivity of nanofluids, several theoretical models have been proposed, among which the Hamilton-Crosser (HC) model is widely adopted. This model extends Maxwell's classical theory by incorporating particle shape factors, providing more accurate predictions for fluids containing non-spherical or clustered nanoparticles. In the field of fluid mechanics, boundary layer flows influenced by magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and thermal radiation are of increasing relevance in systems subjected to magnetic fields and high heat loads, such as in magnetic cooling, plasma processing and solar energy applications. According to this problem statement, this paper provides a numerical solution for the mathematical modelling of the MHD radiative water-based nanofluid flow. This nanofluid contains a combination of four nanoparticles: alumina, copper, graphene and silicon dioxide, which represents a quaternary hybrid nanofluid system. The mathematical modelling was initiated with the partial differential equations (PDEs) and finalised by ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The transformations from PDEs to ODEs simplify the mathematical model for numerical analysis, which can be done by using similarity transformations. The resulting ODEs are solved using MATLAB's built-in bvp4c solver. Key physical quantities for the profiles (velocity and temperature) and the quantities measured for the flow and thermal characteristics (skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number) are graphically illustrated and described. The results show that the quaternary case produces the highest heat transfer rate compared to the nanofluid case, which has the lowest number of nanoparticle types (nanofluid case). In addition, the cylindrical shape is proven to have the highest local Nusselt number value for the stretching boundary case, while the spherical shape produces the highest local Nusselt number value for the shrinking boundary. Meanwhile, the magnetic field, thermal radiation, slip condition and projected angle at the sheet influence the distribution of the profile and physical parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102120
Hongpeng Zhao, Zhihua Liang, Feng Li, Haihua Yu, Kai Li, Bo Liu
Background
Lymphangiogenesis plays a significant role in tumor metastasis, making it a critical target for cancer therapies. PRMT5, an oncogene involved in various cellular processes, and SIRT7, a desuccinylase, regulate this process in gastric cancer (GC) through complex signaling pathways. However, the specific role of PRMT5 in tumor-induced lymphangiogenesis remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the role of SIRT7 in modulating PRMT5 expression and its impact on lymphangiogenesis through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in GC.
Methods
All functional assays were performed using human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs). HLECs were subjected to PRMT5 and SIRT7 knockdown or overexpression via lentiviral transfection. Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, tube formation was assessed using Matrigel assays, and protein expression was detected by Western blotting. VEGF-C secretion was measured by ELISA, and Co-immunoprecipitation was performed to examine the interaction between SIRT7 and PRMT5. The ERK1/2 signaling pathway was analyzed to elucidate downstream mechanisms.
Results
PRMT5 knockdown inhibited lymphangiogenesis and reduced VEGF-C expression, while SIRT7 suppression increased PRMT5 levels, enhancing endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation. Western blotting showed that PRMT5 activates the ERK1/2 pathway, which is essential for VEGF-C regulation. Co-immunoprecipitation further confirmed a direct interaction between SIRT7 and PRMT5, supporting the regulatory link between these proteins.
Conclusions
We identify the SIRT7/PRMT5/ERK1/2/VEGF-C axis as a novel and key regulator of lymphangiogenesis in GC, with significant potential therapeutic implications.
{"title":"SIRT7-mediated desuccinylation of PRMT5 activates the ERK1/2-VEGF-C axis to promote lymphangiogenesis in gastric cancer","authors":"Hongpeng Zhao, Zhihua Liang, Feng Li, Haihua Yu, Kai Li, Bo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lymphangiogenesis plays a significant role in tumor metastasis, making it a critical target for cancer therapies. PRMT5, an oncogene involved in various cellular processes, and SIRT7, a desuccinylase, regulate this process in gastric cancer (GC) through complex signaling pathways. However, the specific role of PRMT5 in tumor-induced lymphangiogenesis remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the role of SIRT7 in modulating PRMT5 expression and its impact on lymphangiogenesis through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in GC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All functional assays were performed using human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs). HLECs were subjected to PRMT5 and SIRT7 knockdown or overexpression via lentiviral transfection. Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, tube formation was assessed using Matrigel assays, and protein expression was detected by Western blotting. VEGF-C secretion was measured by ELISA, and Co-immunoprecipitation was performed to examine the interaction between SIRT7 and PRMT5. The ERK1/2 signaling pathway was analyzed to elucidate downstream mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PRMT5 knockdown inhibited lymphangiogenesis and reduced VEGF-C expression, while SIRT7 suppression increased PRMT5 levels, enhancing endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation. Western blotting showed that PRMT5 activates the ERK1/2 pathway, which is essential for VEGF-C regulation. Co-immunoprecipitation further confirmed a direct interaction between SIRT7 and PRMT5, supporting the regulatory link between these proteins.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We identify the SIRT7/PRMT5/ERK1/2/VEGF-C axis as a novel and key regulator of lymphangiogenesis in GC, with significant potential therapeutic implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102164
Sahal Alotaibi , Sultan Alamri , Ahmad Joman Alghamdi , Nahla L. Faizo , Hamid Osman , Mohammad AlTalhi , Hasan Althumali , Mansour Almalki , Hatem Alotaibi , Mohammed Alghoraibi , Thamer Aljuaid , Dalia Alharthi , Abdulelah Alasmari
Radiation safety in operating theatres is critical due to the growing use of radiation-emitting equipment in surgical specialties. While individual knowledge and compliance have been widely studied, limited research has focused on the systemic processes influencing radiation protection implementation. This study aimed to analyze radiation safety processes across healthcare roles to identify factors that facilitate or hinder effective protection. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 212 healthcare professionals (116 technologists, 57 nurses, 26 surgeons, and 13 anesthesiologists) working in operating theatres with radiation-emitting equipment. The survey assessed process effectiveness in seven areas: safety checks, responsibility clarity, equipment accessibility, dosimeter use, communication, learning from incidents, and interdepartmental coordination. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and content analysis. Ethical approval was obtained, and the sample size was justified based on statistical power considerations. Significant variations in process effectiveness were found across roles, especially in equipment accessibility (p = 0.0039) and communication (p = 0.0201). Anesthesiologists reported higher effectiveness scores, while surgeons reported lower scores. Only 25 % of participants reported "always accessible" radiation protection equipment, and 30.7 % cited insufficient training as a major barrier. Team communication was the top enabler (44.8 %), while time pressure (28.8 %) and lack of awareness (29.2 %) were key barriers. Radiation safety in operating theatres is a systems issue requiring a focus on organizational processes, not just individual compliance. Addressing systemic factors, such as equipment accessibility and communication, is crucial for improving radiation safety.
Keyords
Radiation protection, Operation theatres, Safety, Saudi Arabia.
{"title":"Process analysis for strengthening radiation safety practices in operating theatre","authors":"Sahal Alotaibi , Sultan Alamri , Ahmad Joman Alghamdi , Nahla L. Faizo , Hamid Osman , Mohammad AlTalhi , Hasan Althumali , Mansour Almalki , Hatem Alotaibi , Mohammed Alghoraibi , Thamer Aljuaid , Dalia Alharthi , Abdulelah Alasmari","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiation safety in operating theatres is critical due to the growing use of radiation-emitting equipment in surgical specialties. While individual knowledge and compliance have been widely studied, limited research has focused on the systemic processes influencing radiation protection implementation. This study aimed to analyze radiation safety processes across healthcare roles to identify factors that facilitate or hinder effective protection. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 212 healthcare professionals (116 technologists, 57 nurses, 26 surgeons, and 13 anesthesiologists) working in operating theatres with radiation-emitting equipment. The survey assessed process effectiveness in seven areas: safety checks, responsibility clarity, equipment accessibility, dosimeter use, communication, learning from incidents, and interdepartmental coordination. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and content analysis. Ethical approval was obtained, and the sample size was justified based on statistical power considerations. Significant variations in process effectiveness were found across roles, especially in equipment accessibility (p = 0.0039) and communication (p = 0.0201). Anesthesiologists reported higher effectiveness scores, while surgeons reported lower scores. Only 25 % of participants reported \"always accessible\" radiation protection equipment, and 30.7 % cited insufficient training as a major barrier. Team communication was the top enabler (44.8 %), while time pressure (28.8 %) and lack of awareness (29.2 %) were key barriers. Radiation safety in operating theatres is a systems issue requiring a focus on organizational processes, not just individual compliance. Addressing systemic factors, such as equipment accessibility and communication, is crucial for improving radiation safety.</div></div><div><h3>Keyords</h3><div>Radiation protection, Operation theatres, Safety, Saudi Arabia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102156
Yao Liang , Shiyuan Xie , Zhongwen Yu , Bin Yang , Jinbin Wei
Background
Diabetic wounds present a formidable therapeutic challenge due to their persistent nature and high complication rates. In this study, the new silver alginate dressing was evaluated to determine whether it improves wound healing in type Ⅱ diabetic rats by comparison with the commercially available silver alginate dressing Biatain® in vivo and in vitro. This study demonstrates that the novel dressing may provide a viable alternative approach to the current management of diabetic wounds.
Methods
The in vitro part involved the evaluation of its water vapor transmission ability, water-uptake ability, and antibacterial ability. Then, Goto-Kakizaki diabetic rats were selected for in vivo experiments to establish the diabetic infection wound model. The healing rate of wounds and the bacterial count on wounds and wound dressings were studied. Detection of fibrinogen (FIB), procalcitonin (PCT), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) by ELISA, Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) and Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression by histological staining and determination of silver by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
Results
In comparison with the commercially available Biatain®, The silver alginate ion dressing has about twice the water absorption capacity of Biatain® (P < 0.01) and On day 14, the wound healing rate in the sample group demonstrated a significant increase of 15.6 % relative to the model group, with wounds approaching near-complete closure.
Conclusion
The newly developed silver-ion alginate dressing enhanced wound closure, reduced infection and healing time, and lowered dressing change frequency, demonstrating comparable efficacy to the commercial reference product (Biatain®) as a practical alternative for diabetic wound care.
{"title":"Silver ion alginate dressing for infection control in type Ⅱ diabetic rats wound: an in vitro and in vivo study","authors":"Yao Liang , Shiyuan Xie , Zhongwen Yu , Bin Yang , Jinbin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetic wounds present a formidable therapeutic challenge due to their persistent nature and high complication rates. In this study, the new silver alginate dressing was evaluated to determine whether it improves wound healing in type Ⅱ diabetic rats by comparison with the commercially available silver alginate dressing Biatain® in vivo and in vitro. This study demonstrates that the novel dressing may provide a viable alternative approach to the current management of diabetic wounds.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The in vitro part involved the evaluation of its water vapor transmission ability, water-uptake ability, and antibacterial ability. Then, Goto-Kakizaki diabetic rats were selected for in vivo experiments to establish the diabetic infection wound model. The healing rate of wounds and the bacterial count on wounds and wound dressings were studied. Detection of fibrinogen (FIB), procalcitonin (PCT), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) by ELISA, Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) and Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression by histological staining and determination of silver by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In comparison with the commercially available Biatain®, The silver alginate ion dressing has about twice the water absorption capacity of Biatain® (P < 0.01) and On day 14, the wound healing rate in the sample group demonstrated a significant increase of 15.6 % relative to the model group, with wounds approaching near-complete closure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The newly developed silver-ion alginate dressing enhanced wound closure, reduced infection and healing time, and lowered dressing change frequency, demonstrating comparable efficacy to the commercial reference product (Biatain®) as a practical alternative for diabetic wound care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102163
Meilin Wang , Jinsong Cheng
Background
Precise forecasting of functional outcomes is crucial for managing acute anterior circulation stroke (AACS). We sought to develop and validate a predictive model for functional outcomes by integrating the DWI-ASPECTS score and serum homocysteine levels.
Methods
We retrospectively examined information from consecutive AACS patients admitted between January 2022 and January 2025. The individuals were classified into favorable (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] ≤ 2) and unfavorable (mRS >2) outcomes groups depending on their 90-day mRS score. Upon admission, clinical parameters, including the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, were assessed. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed within 24 h to calculate the DWI-ASPECTS. Blood samples taken from a vein after an overnight fast were gathered within a 24-h timeframe for laboratory testing, including serum homocysteine, glycated hemoglobin, and lipid profiles.
Results
We included 122 patients, among whom 68 cases belonged to the favorable and 54 cases belonged to the unfavorable outcome group. Unfavorable outcome patients were significantly older (P = 0.017), exhibited higher baseline NIHSS scores, lower DWI-ASPECTS scores, and demonstrated elevated serum homocysteine levels (all P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that DWI-ASPECTS score (OR = 0.270, P < 0.001) and serum homocysteine level (OR = 1.539, P < 0.001) independently predicted functional outcome. DWI-ASPECTS (AUC = 0.852) and homocysteine (AUC = 0.844) demonstrated high predictive accuracy. The final nomogram model, which combined these two variables, showed excellent discrimination with an AUC of 0.939 and was well-calibrated.
Conclusion
The developed nomogram, incorporating DWI-ASPECTS and serum homocysteine, demonstrates potential as an effective and accurate method for forecasting functional outcomes in AACS patients, offering a novel approach that integrates neuroanatomical and systemic metabolic information beyond models relying on single parameters.
背景：准确预测功能预后对于急性前循环卒中（AACS）的治疗至关重要。我们试图通过整合DWI-ASPECTS评分和血清同型半胱氨酸水平来开发和验证功能预后的预测模型。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至2025年1月住院的连续AACS患者的信息。根据患者90天mRS评分，将患者分为mRS≤2和mRS≤2两组。入院时，评估临床参数，包括美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分。24h内进行弥散加权成像计算DWI-ASPECTS。禁食过夜后采集静脉血样，在24小时内进行实验室检测，包括血清同型半胱氨酸、糖化血红蛋白和脂质谱。结果纳入122例患者，其中良结局组68例，不良结局组54例。不良结局患者明显年龄较大（P = 0.017）， NIHSS基线评分较高，DWI-ASPECTS评分较低，血清同型半胱氨酸水平升高（P均为0.001）。多因素分析显示，DWI-ASPECTS评分（OR = 0.270, P < 0.001）和血清同型半胱氨酸水平（OR = 1.539, P < 0.001）独立预测功能结局。DWI-ASPECTS （AUC = 0.852）和同型半胱氨酸（AUC = 0.844）具有较高的预测准确性。结合这两个变量的最终nomogram model具有很好的判别性，AUC为0.939，且校正良好。结论开发的包含DWI-ASPECTS和血清同型半胱氨酸的nomogram预测AACS患者功能结局的方法，提供了一种结合神经解剖学和全身代谢信息的新方法，超越了依赖单一参数的模型。
{"title":"A predictive model for functional outcomes in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke based on DWI-ASPECTS and serum homocysteine","authors":"Meilin Wang , Jinsong Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Precise forecasting of functional outcomes is crucial for managing acute anterior circulation stroke (AACS). We sought to develop and validate a predictive model for functional outcomes by integrating the DWI-ASPECTS score and serum homocysteine levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively examined information from consecutive AACS patients admitted between January 2022 and January 2025. The individuals were classified into favorable (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] ≤ 2) and unfavorable (mRS >2) outcomes groups depending on their 90-day mRS score. Upon admission, clinical parameters, including the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, were assessed. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed within 24 h to calculate the DWI-ASPECTS. Blood samples taken from a vein after an overnight fast were gathered within a 24-h timeframe for laboratory testing, including serum homocysteine, glycated hemoglobin, and lipid profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 122 patients, among whom 68 cases belonged to the favorable and 54 cases belonged to the unfavorable outcome group. Unfavorable outcome patients were significantly older (P = 0.017), exhibited higher baseline NIHSS scores, lower DWI-ASPECTS scores, and demonstrated elevated serum homocysteine levels (all P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that DWI-ASPECTS score (OR = 0.270, P < 0.001) and serum homocysteine level (OR = 1.539, P < 0.001) independently predicted functional outcome. DWI-ASPECTS (AUC = 0.852) and homocysteine (AUC = 0.844) demonstrated high predictive accuracy. The final nomogram model, which combined these two variables, showed excellent discrimination with an AUC of 0.939 and was well-calibrated.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The developed nomogram, incorporating DWI-ASPECTS and serum homocysteine, demonstrates potential as an effective and accurate method for forecasting functional outcomes in AACS patients, offering a novel approach that integrates neuroanatomical and systemic metabolic information beyond models relying on single parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102159
Jelena Vlahović , Nikola Kržanović , Miloš Živanović , Ivana Stojanović , Luka Bakrač , Argiro Boziari , Miloš Đaletić , Ana Fernandes , Liviu-Cristian Mihailescu , Erinc Reyhanoglu , Siarhei Saroka , Teemu Siiskonen , Jana Šmoldasová , Vladimir Sochor , Maria do Ceu Ferreira , Nataša Todorović
Background
Improvement in radiation protection practice may be achieved by acquisition of reliable and accurate dosimetry data. Use of dosimeters with known properties provides insight into their performance in real radiation fields encountered in radiation monitoring practice.
Aim
Performance evaluation in a wide range of radiation conditions provides insight into dosimeter behaviour, providing input for revision, update and harmonization of IEC type testing standards.
Methods
A total of 32 active dosimeters were investigated, of which 26 are used for area workplace, and 6 for individual monitoring. Dosimeter performance was evaluated against the IEC 60846–1:2009 standard for portable workplace and environmental meters and monitors and the IEC 61526:2024 standard for active personal dosimeters in a wide range of photon energies, angles of incidence and dose equivalent rates. Performance was examined beyond the minimum rated range: 33.3 keV–1.25 MeV photon energy; (0°; ±75°) angle of incidence for personal dosimeters and (0°; ±120° with 180°) for area dosimeters; 3 μSv h−1 – 7 Sv h−1 dose rate range. In addition, dosimeter short-term stability and overload properties were investigated.
Results
State-of-the-art and commonly used dosimeters complied with the standard defined limits of variation with respect to the manufacturer stated specifications. Some dosimeters had significantly lower variations in terms of relative response than the current standard stated requirements.
Conclusion
Potential update of the relevant IEC type testing standards was considered, with the possibility of introducing two distinct dosimeter classes, one of which would comply with reduced limits of variation.
{"title":"Performance assessment of commonly used active radiation protection dosimeters for individual and area workplace monitoring","authors":"Jelena Vlahović , Nikola Kržanović , Miloš Živanović , Ivana Stojanović , Luka Bakrač , Argiro Boziari , Miloš Đaletić , Ana Fernandes , Liviu-Cristian Mihailescu , Erinc Reyhanoglu , Siarhei Saroka , Teemu Siiskonen , Jana Šmoldasová , Vladimir Sochor , Maria do Ceu Ferreira , Nataša Todorović","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Improvement in radiation protection practice may be achieved by acquisition of reliable and accurate dosimetry data. Use of dosimeters with known properties provides insight into their performance in real radiation fields encountered in radiation monitoring practice.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Performance evaluation in a wide range of radiation conditions provides insight into dosimeter behaviour, providing input for revision, update and harmonization of IEC type testing standards.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 32 active dosimeters were investigated, of which 26 are used for area workplace, and 6 for individual monitoring. Dosimeter performance was evaluated against the IEC 60846–1:2009 standard for portable workplace and environmental meters and monitors and the IEC 61526:2024 standard for active personal dosimeters in a wide range of photon energies, angles of incidence and dose equivalent rates. Performance was examined beyond the minimum rated range: 33.3 keV–1.25 MeV photon energy; (0°; ±75°) angle of incidence for personal dosimeters and (0°; ±120° with 180°) for area dosimeters; 3 μSv h<sup>−1</sup> – 7 Sv h<sup>−1</sup> dose rate range. In addition, dosimeter short-term stability and overload properties were investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>State-of-the-art and commonly used dosimeters complied with the standard defined limits of variation with respect to the manufacturer stated specifications. Some dosimeters had significantly lower variations in terms of relative response than the current standard stated requirements.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Potential update of the relevant IEC type testing standards was considered, with the possibility of introducing two distinct dosimeter classes, one of which would comply with reduced limits of variation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102127
Jing Ye , Wenbo Cai , Fobao Huang , Xi zhen Xu
Objective
To test whether 18F-FHBG PET tracking of HSV-TK gene-vector expression can guide stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) dose escalation to improve outcomes versus MRI-only SRS.
Methods
In a single-centre, open-label, randomized phase II trial, 90 patients with recurrent glioblastoma were assigned (1:1) to PET-guided biological target volume SRS (PET-BTV) or standard single-fraction SRS (S-SRS). Primary endpoint was 6-month progression-free survival (PFS6); key secondary endpoints included local control, 12-month overall survival (OS12), ≥grade-3 toxicity, neurocognition (Trail-Making Test-B), and PET reproducibility. PET test–retest reliability and inter-observer agreement were assessed. Time-to-event outcomes used Kaplan–Meier/Cox models; toxicity used Firth logistic regression; repeated measures used appropriate ANOVA.
Results
PET metrics (SUVmax, SUVmean, MTV) showed excellent test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients >0.85) and robust contouring agreement. Versus S-SRS, PET-BTV improved PFS (hazard ratio [HR] ≈ 0.54) and local control (HR ≈ 0.48; both P < 0.05), with no significant differences in OS12 (HR ≈ 0.71) or ≥ grade-3 toxicity (HR ≈ 0.43; both P > 0.05). Multivariable Cox confirmed treatment group (HR ≈ 0.55), smaller tumour volume (HR ≈ 1.06 per unit), and higher Karnofsky score (HR ≈ 0.97) as independent predictors of longer PFS. PET response (decrease in SUVmax) correlated inversely with risk of progression. Trail-B favored PET-BTV (significant group effect and interaction), suggesting preserved neurocognition.
Conclusions
18F-FHBG PET-guided intratumoral dose painting is feasible, reproducible, and improves PFS and local control without increasing high-grade toxicity, supporting imaging-driven precision re-irradiation for recurrent glioblastoma.
{"title":"Dose optimization of stereotactic radiosurgery by 18F-FHBG PET/CT tracking of HSV-TK gene vectors in recurrent glioblastoma: A prospective controlled study","authors":"Jing Ye , Wenbo Cai , Fobao Huang , Xi zhen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To test whether <sup>18</sup>F-FHBG PET tracking of HSV-TK gene-vector expression can guide stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) dose escalation to improve outcomes versus MRI-only SRS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a single-centre, open-label, randomized phase II trial, 90 patients with recurrent glioblastoma were assigned (1:1) to PET-guided biological target volume SRS (PET-BTV) or standard single-fraction SRS (S-SRS). Primary endpoint was 6-month progression-free survival (PFS<sub>6</sub>); key secondary endpoints included local control, 12-month overall survival (OS<sub>12</sub>), ≥grade-3 toxicity, neurocognition (Trail-Making Test-B), and PET reproducibility. PET test–retest reliability and inter-observer agreement were assessed. Time-to-event outcomes used Kaplan–Meier/Cox models; toxicity used Firth logistic regression; repeated measures used appropriate ANOVA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PET metrics (SUV<sub>max</sub>, SUV<sub>mean</sub>, MTV) showed excellent test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients >0.85) and robust contouring agreement. Versus S-SRS, PET-BTV improved PFS (hazard ratio [HR] ≈ 0.54) and local control (HR ≈ 0.48; both <em>P</em> < 0.05), with no significant differences in OS<sub>12</sub> (HR ≈ 0.71) or ≥ grade-3 toxicity (HR ≈ <em>0.43;</em> both <em>P</em> > 0.05). Multivariable Cox confirmed treatment group (HR ≈ 0.55), smaller tumour volume (HR ≈ 1.06 per unit), and higher Karnofsky score (HR ≈ 0.97) as independent predictors of longer PFS. PET response (decrease in SUV<sub>max</sub>) correlated inversely with risk of progression. Trail-B favored PET-BTV (significant group effect and interaction), suggesting preserved neurocognition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><sup>18</sup>F-FHBG PET-guided intratumoral dose painting is feasible, reproducible, and improves PFS and local control without increasing high-grade toxicity, supporting imaging-driven precision re-irradiation for recurrent glioblastoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102148
Jin-Liang Hu , Kun Lv , Jie-Zhong Hu , Zheng Tang , Pia Vanessa C. Basilio
Coptisine, an active alkaloid from Coptis chinensis, exhibits potent anticancer effects by targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment. This study investigates its mechanism in attenuating lung via Sirt3-mediated deacetylation of YME1L1, regulating mitochondrial apoptosis in CAFs. Orthotopic lung cancer models were established in C57BL/6 mice using SCLC-2 cells, treated with Coptisine (60 or 120 mg/kg/day). In vitro, primary pulmonary fibroblasts (CAFs) co-cultured with SCLC-2 cells were assessed for proliferation (CCK-8), metastasis (Transwell), apoptosis (ELISA), mitochondrial potential (JC-1), and ROS (DCFH-DA). Coptisine inhibited tumor growth, improved lung function, and reduced myofibroblast markers (α-SMA, FAP). It upregulated Bax and Sirt3 while downregulating YME1L1, BCL-2, and EMT proteins (e.g., Vimentin), damaging to mitochondrial function. Mechanistically, Coptisine activated Sirt3 to deacetylate YME1L1, inducing mitochondrial fragmentation in CAFs. These findings highlight Coptisine's potential as a lung cancer therapy by targeting the Sirt3/YME1L1 pathway in CAFs.
{"title":"Coptisine suppresses pulmonary nodule carcinogenesis by inducing CAFs mitochondrial apoptosis via Sirt3/YME1L1","authors":"Jin-Liang Hu , Kun Lv , Jie-Zhong Hu , Zheng Tang , Pia Vanessa C. Basilio","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coptisine, an active alkaloid from <em>Coptis chinensis</em>, exhibits potent anticancer effects by targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment. This study investigates its mechanism in attenuating lung via Sirt3-mediated deacetylation of YME1L1, regulating mitochondrial apoptosis in CAFs. Orthotopic lung cancer models were established in C57BL/6 mice using SCLC-2 cells, treated with Coptisine (60 or 120 mg/kg/day). In vitro, primary pulmonary fibroblasts (CAFs) co-cultured with SCLC-2 cells were assessed for proliferation (CCK-8), metastasis (Transwell), apoptosis (ELISA), mitochondrial potential (JC-1), and ROS (DCFH-DA). Coptisine inhibited tumor growth, improved lung function, and reduced myofibroblast markers (α-SMA, FAP). It upregulated Bax and Sirt3 while downregulating YME1L1, BCL-2, and EMT proteins (e.g., Vimentin), damaging to mitochondrial function. Mechanistically, Coptisine activated Sirt3 to deacetylate YME1L1, inducing mitochondrial fragmentation in CAFs. These findings highlight Coptisine's potential as a lung cancer therapy by targeting the Sirt3/YME1L1 pathway in CAFs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Millions of people worldwide have impaired vision for various reasons, such as cataracts, glaucoma, AMD, diabetic retinopathy, trauma, infections, genetic disorders, and amblyopia. Visual impairment ranges from normal vision to complete blindness, with varying severities that affect daily life. This study presents a sound-based navigation system to improve indoor mobility for visually impaired individuals. The system combines voice recognition, LED-guided floor paths, and real-time haptic feedback to help users follow predefined routes. Users issue voice commands to activate illuminated floor strips, which a robot cart follows using light-dependent resistor (LDR) sensors. An electromechanical compass provides accurate orientation, while a vibrating handle delivers haptic alerts for real-time directional adjustments. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) determines the user's location and destination to guide them along the correct route. Experimental results show high accuracy: 91.04 % voice recognition, 4 % navigation error due to sensor noise, and 3 % speed regulation error from electrical fluctuations. The proposed solution is cost-effective and user-friendly, promoting greater independence and safety for visually impaired individuals.
{"title":"Sound-based navigation system for visually impaired individuals","authors":"Emad Malaekah , Othman Alfahad , Mohsen Bakouri , Adel Gadallah , Suvad Selman , Ahmed Al Rashdi , Husham Saied","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Millions of people worldwide have impaired vision for various reasons, such as cataracts, glaucoma, AMD, diabetic retinopathy, trauma, infections, genetic disorders, and amblyopia. Visual impairment ranges from normal vision to complete blindness, with varying severities that affect daily life. This study presents a sound-based navigation system to improve indoor mobility for visually impaired individuals. The system combines voice recognition, LED-guided floor paths, and real-time haptic feedback to help users follow predefined routes. Users issue voice commands to activate illuminated floor strips, which a robot cart follows using light-dependent resistor (LDR) sensors. An electromechanical compass provides accurate orientation, while a vibrating handle delivers haptic alerts for real-time directional adjustments. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) determines the user's location and destination to guide them along the correct route. Experimental results show high accuracy: 91.04 % voice recognition, 4 % navigation error due to sensor noise, and 3 % speed regulation error from electrical fluctuations. The proposed solution is cost-effective and user-friendly, promoting greater independence and safety for visually impaired individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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