Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109739
Renxian Li , Yuexiao Jiao , Li Xiao , Huan Tang , Bing Wei , Shuhong Gong , Denis Novitsky , Igor V. Minin , Oleg V. Minin
Optical forces proved to be extremely useful for manipulating and trapping nano- and microparticles. Such applications are especially needed for microfluidic systems to reliably control streams of nanoparticles. In this paper, we propose to optically trap nanoparticles using an inclined photonic jet modulated by a standing wave and generated with a cut cylinder partially blocked from the incident plane waves by a variable metal screen. Our theoretical analysis is based on the Finite Difference Frequency Domain (FDFD) method for the electric field and the optical energy flux calculations and on the Rayleigh model for the optical force calculation. The effects of the cut-cylinder central angle and shape of the metal screen on the standing wave formation and the optical force distribution are numerically demonstrated. We show that the quality of the optical trap can be increased by adjusting the parameters of the model cut-cylinder central angle and estimating the stability of the resulting trap. The cut cylinder can be used as an ingenious microfluidic channel that has potential applications for the optical trapping of nanoparticles and the development of optical tweezers.
{"title":"Standing photonic jets for stable nanoparticle trapping in cut-cylinder microfluidic channels","authors":"Renxian Li , Yuexiao Jiao , Li Xiao , Huan Tang , Bing Wei , Shuhong Gong , Denis Novitsky , Igor V. Minin , Oleg V. Minin","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optical forces proved to be extremely useful for manipulating and trapping nano- and microparticles. Such applications are especially needed for microfluidic systems to reliably control streams of nanoparticles. In this paper, we propose to optically trap nanoparticles using an inclined photonic jet modulated by a standing wave and generated with a cut cylinder partially blocked from the incident plane waves by a variable metal screen. Our theoretical analysis is based on the Finite Difference Frequency Domain (FDFD) method for the electric field and the optical energy flux calculations and on the Rayleigh model for the optical force calculation. The effects of the cut-cylinder central angle and shape of the metal screen on the standing wave formation and the optical force distribution are numerically demonstrated. We show that the quality of the optical trap can be increased by adjusting the parameters of the model cut-cylinder central angle and estimating the stability of the resulting trap. The cut cylinder can be used as an ingenious microfluidic channel that has potential applications for the optical trapping of nanoparticles and the development of optical tweezers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 109739"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145498979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109782
Saleh O. Allehabi , V.A. Dzuba , V.V. Flambaum
We use advanced computational techniques to study the electronic structure of the Hf ion, with the goal of assessing its potential for use in highly accurate atomic optical clocks and in the search for new physics. Such clocks should combine low sensitivity to external perturbations with high sensitivity to a possible time variation of the fine-structure constant . The system features two clock transitions. One is an transition in terms of single-electron states, which exhibits strong sensitivity to variations in . The other is an electric-quadrupole (E2) transition between states of the ground-state configuration, which can serve as an anchor transition for measuring one frequency against the other.
All three relevant states possess very small and nearly equal static dipole polarizabilities, resulting in an extremely small blackbody-radiation shift. The quadrupole shift is also small and can be further suppressed. Altogether, Hf appears to be a highly promising candidate for both precision timekeeping and searches for new physics.
{"title":"Hf12+ ion: Highly charged ion for next-generation atomic clocks and tests of fundamental physics","authors":"Saleh O. Allehabi , V.A. Dzuba , V.V. Flambaum","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We use advanced computational techniques to study the electronic structure of the Hf<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>12</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> ion, with the goal of assessing its potential for use in highly accurate atomic optical clocks and in the search for new physics. Such clocks should combine low sensitivity to external perturbations with high sensitivity to a possible time variation of the fine-structure constant <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>. The system features two clock transitions. One is an <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>p</mi></mrow></math></span> transition in terms of single-electron states, which exhibits strong sensitivity to variations in <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>. The other is an electric-quadrupole (E2) transition between states of the ground-state configuration, which can serve as an anchor transition for measuring one frequency against the other.</div><div>All three relevant states possess very small and nearly equal static dipole polarizabilities, resulting in an extremely small blackbody-radiation shift. The quadrupole shift is also small and can be further suppressed. Altogether, Hf<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>12</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> appears to be a highly promising candidate for both precision timekeeping and searches for new physics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109782"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145657496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109804
Qing-Chao Shang, Lu Bai, Hai-Ying Li, Yuan-Yuan Zhang, Zhen-Sen Wu
An iterative method is proposed in this paper for calculating the reflection and transmission of a plane electromagnetic wave incident on multilayered chiral slabs. The waves in each region are decomposed into upward and downward left-circularly polarized (LCP) waves and right-circularly polarized (RCP) waves, respectively. Field relations in adjacent regions of the chiral multilayers are established according to electromagnetic field boundary conditions. By introducing ratio relations between upward and downward waves, an iterative relation is constructed. The iterative relation is represented by matrices of size 2 × 2, to avoid lengthy analytical expressions. Finally, the reflected and transmitted waves can be calculated by using the incident RCP or LCP wave. The method provides a new route for reflection and transmission problems of chiral multilayers. And the idea may offer inspiration to research on other cases such as bi-isotropic and anisotropic multilayers.
{"title":"Iterative method for reflection and transmission from multilayered chiral slabs","authors":"Qing-Chao Shang, Lu Bai, Hai-Ying Li, Yuan-Yuan Zhang, Zhen-Sen Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An iterative method is proposed in this paper for calculating the reflection and transmission of a plane electromagnetic wave incident on multilayered chiral slabs. The waves in each region are decomposed into upward and downward left-circularly polarized (LCP) waves and right-circularly polarized (RCP) waves, respectively. Field relations in adjacent regions of the chiral multilayers are established according to electromagnetic field boundary conditions. By introducing ratio relations between upward and downward waves, an iterative relation is constructed. The iterative relation is represented by matrices of size 2 × 2, to avoid lengthy analytical expressions. Finally, the reflected and transmitted waves can be calculated by using the incident RCP or LCP wave. The method provides a new route for reflection and transmission problems of chiral multilayers. And the idea may offer inspiration to research on other cases such as bi-isotropic and anisotropic multilayers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109804"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109788
Gérard Gouesbet
It is traditionally accepted that electromagnetic fields which exhibit topological charges are vortex beams. The present paper aims to insist on the fact that this traditional belief is in fact erroneous. We present a general framework, relying on generalized Lorenz–Mie theory and on a superdarkness theorem, allowing one to discover electromagnetic fields with topological charges which are not vortex beams, and exhibit a few examples.
{"title":"On electromagnetic fields with topological charges which are not vortex beams","authors":"Gérard Gouesbet","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is traditionally accepted that electromagnetic fields which exhibit topological charges are vortex beams. The present paper aims to insist on the fact that this traditional belief is in fact erroneous. We present a general framework, relying on generalized Lorenz–Mie theory and on a superdarkness theorem, allowing one to discover electromagnetic fields with topological charges which are not vortex beams, and exhibit a few examples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109723
I. Majdi , S. Harbaoui , D. Ben Abdallah , J. Salem , Z. Boussetta , F. Kwabia Tchana , X. Landsheere , A. Voute , M. Hochlaf , H. Aroui
In the present work, we measured the O2-broadening coefficients of the absorption lines in the ν2 and ν5 bands of methyl bromide at room temperature (T = 295 K) using a high-resolution Fourier Transform spectrometer. Eight spectra were recorded at pressures ranging from 2.0 to 6.5 Torr for the active gas and from 3 to 90 Torr for the perturber gas. The line shape parameters were obtained by fitting Voigt and Galatry profiles to the measured line shapes, allowing the determination of the O2-broadening coefficients for the branches over the 1250 – 1622 cm-1 wavenumbers range. This range covers 1451 measured transitions with 2 ≤ J ≤ 54 and 0 ≤ K ≤ 10. These data, combined with previously measured N2-broadening coefficients, were used to determine the air-broadening coefficients of the ν2 and ν5 bands. Finally, an empirical model was used to fit the broadening coefficients of the two bands. On average, the empirical expression reproduces successfully the measured broadening coefficients.
{"title":"O2- and air-broadening coefficients in the ν2 and ν5 bands of CH3Br","authors":"I. Majdi , S. Harbaoui , D. Ben Abdallah , J. Salem , Z. Boussetta , F. Kwabia Tchana , X. Landsheere , A. Voute , M. Hochlaf , H. Aroui","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, we measured the O<sub>2</sub>-broadening coefficients of the absorption lines in the ν<sub>2</sub> and ν<sub>5</sub> bands of methyl bromide at room temperature (<em>T</em> = 295 K) using a high-resolution Fourier Transform spectrometer. Eight spectra were recorded at pressures ranging from 2.0 to 6.5 Torr for the active gas and from 3 to 90 Torr for the perturber gas. The line shape parameters were obtained by fitting Voigt and Galatry profiles to the measured line shapes, allowing the determination of the O<sub>2</sub>-broadening coefficients for the branches over the 1250 – 1622 cm<sup>-1</sup> wavenumbers range. This range covers 1451 measured transitions with 2 ≤ <em>J</em> ≤ 54 and 0 ≤ <em>K</em> ≤ 10. These data, combined with previously measured N<sub>2</sub>-broadening coefficients, were used to determine the air-broadening coefficients of the ν<sub>2</sub> and ν<sub>5</sub> bands. Finally, an empirical model was used to fit the broadening coefficients of the two bands. On average, the empirical expression reproduces successfully the measured broadening coefficients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"349 ","pages":"Article 109723"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145423987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109732
Jie Luo , Yangyang Ma , Miao Hu , Congcong Li , Hongjin Li , Xiulin Geng , Meihua Bi , Xuefang Zhou
The morphology of certain atmospheric particles, such as dust, is highly complex, yet remote sensing retrieval methods often employ simplified morphological representations. extensive research has demonstrated that particle morphology significantly influences optical properties, it remains uncertain whether a set of simple models can represent the optical properties of more complex particles. Based on scattering matrices of irregularly shaped model particle ensembles, we assume a lognormal distribution of aspect ratios and invert for the optimal spheroidal particle ensemble to evaluate its ability to replicate the optical and polarimetric properties of particles with more intricate and irregular morphologies. This work compares the performance of both the best-fit single spheroid and the best-fit spheroidal ensemble in simulating the scattering matrix of irregular particles. Our findings indicate that the suitability of the spheroidal-based simulation of the scattering matrix is significantly affected by different shapes. Additionally, the applicability of the spheroidal ensemble is investigated in the context of simulating satellite polarimetric observations, using a vector radiative transfer model with irregular particles as the reference. Results reveal that the normalized radiance simulated by the optimal spheroidal ensemble can deviate by approximately 6% from that of irregular particles, while differences in the polarized bidirectional reflectance factor (pBRF) and the degree of linear polarization (DoLP) range from –0.0015 to 0.0015 and –0.03 to 0.06, respectively. Moreover, the distribution of the best-fit aspect ratios for irregular particles of varying shapes is analyzed. This study provides valuable insights for employing simplified models to assess uncertainty sources in remote sensing applications.
{"title":"Suitability of a group of spheroids with a lognormal shape distribution for modeling the scattering and polarimetric properties of irregular particles","authors":"Jie Luo , Yangyang Ma , Miao Hu , Congcong Li , Hongjin Li , Xiulin Geng , Meihua Bi , Xuefang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The morphology of certain atmospheric particles, such as dust, is highly complex, yet remote sensing retrieval methods often employ simplified morphological representations. extensive research has demonstrated that particle morphology significantly influences optical properties, it remains uncertain whether a set of simple models can represent the optical properties of more complex particles. Based on scattering matrices of irregularly shaped model particle ensembles, we assume a lognormal distribution of aspect ratios and invert for the optimal spheroidal particle ensemble to evaluate its ability to replicate the optical and polarimetric properties of particles with more intricate and irregular morphologies. This work compares the performance of both the best-fit single spheroid and the best-fit spheroidal ensemble in simulating the scattering matrix of irregular particles. Our findings indicate that the suitability of the spheroidal-based simulation of the scattering matrix is significantly affected by different shapes. Additionally, the applicability of the spheroidal ensemble is investigated in the context of simulating satellite polarimetric observations, using a vector radiative transfer model with irregular particles as the reference. Results reveal that the normalized radiance simulated by the optimal spheroidal ensemble can deviate by approximately 6% from that of irregular particles, while differences in the polarized bidirectional reflectance factor (pBRF) and the degree of linear polarization (DoLP) range from –0.0015 to 0.0015 and –0.03 to 0.06, respectively. Moreover, the distribution of the best-fit aspect ratios for irregular particles of varying shapes is analyzed. This study provides valuable insights for employing simplified models to assess uncertainty sources in remote sensing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"349 ","pages":"Article 109732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145447635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109734
Bojan Sic , Elsa Jacquette , Denis Jouglet , Pierre Lafrique , Clemence Pierangelo , Raymond Armante , Olivier Lezeaux , Mahmoud El Hajj
Considering scattering in radiative transfer calculations often leads to extensively long computation times that can be prohibitive, especially in the operational context of satellite missions. Over time, numerous methods were developed to accelerate scattering calculations. In this paper, based and further built upon the work of O’Dell [1], we describe the implementation of the Low-Stream Interpolation acceleration technique in the 4A/OP radiative transfer model. The method’s acceleration relies on the execution of computationally expensive calculations only for representative points, which represent the regions in the gas absorption optical depth space called “bins”. For all other points the calculation is performed at a low accuracy and by subsequent interpolation. We have considered a number of method’s aspects, and introduced various modifications in order to optimise its accuracy and computation time. This includes: a) an extension of the method to Jacobians, b) modifications of bin and sub-bin divisions, c) implementation of automatic binning and its comparison to fixed bins, d) improvement of the computation of representative points, e) improvement of the definition of “significant scattering” used by the method, f) avoiding the redundancy of high-accuracy computation at large gas absorption optical depths, g) optimisations of the method computation domain size and h) evaluations of various possible accelerations of low-accuracy calculations. We applied the method on the MicroCarb O2 and CO2 bands in near-infrared and shortwave-infrared over a large variety of geophysical cases and discussed the impacts of the modifications and the overall performance. We confirmed that the Low-Stream Interpolation is a powerful technique to accelerate the scattering calculations and, in our model, it provided relative accuracies on polarised and unpolarised radiances and Jacobians lower than 0.05 % with acceleration of 10–50 times.
{"title":"Implementation of low stream interpolation technique to accelerate scattering calculations in the 4A/OP radiative transfer model","authors":"Bojan Sic , Elsa Jacquette , Denis Jouglet , Pierre Lafrique , Clemence Pierangelo , Raymond Armante , Olivier Lezeaux , Mahmoud El Hajj","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering scattering in radiative transfer calculations often leads to extensively long computation times that can be prohibitive, especially in the operational context of satellite missions. Over time, numerous methods were developed to accelerate scattering calculations. In this paper, based and further built upon the work of O’Dell [1], we describe the implementation of the Low-Stream Interpolation acceleration technique in the 4A/OP radiative transfer model. The method’s acceleration relies on the execution of computationally expensive calculations only for representative points, which represent the regions in the gas absorption optical depth space called “bins”. For all other points the calculation is performed at a low accuracy and by subsequent interpolation. We have considered a number of method’s aspects, and introduced various modifications in order to optimise its accuracy and computation time. This includes: a) an extension of the method to Jacobians, b) modifications of bin and sub-bin divisions, c) implementation of automatic binning and its comparison to fixed bins, d) improvement of the computation of representative points, e) improvement of the definition of “significant scattering” used by the method, f) avoiding the redundancy of high-accuracy computation at large gas absorption optical depths, g) optimisations of the method computation domain size and h) evaluations of various possible accelerations of low-accuracy calculations. We applied the method on the MicroCarb O<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> bands in near-infrared and shortwave-infrared over a large variety of geophysical cases and discussed the impacts of the modifications and the overall performance. We confirmed that the Low-Stream Interpolation is a powerful technique to accelerate the scattering calculations and, in our model, it provided relative accuracies on polarised and unpolarised radiances and Jacobians lower than 0.05 % with acceleration of 10–50 times.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"349 ","pages":"Article 109734"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145423985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Vector Spherical Harmonics Discrete Ordinate Method (VSHDOM) is an efficient deterministic solver for three-dimensional atmospheric radiative transfer. However, it still suffers from significant computational time and memory demands when applied to high spatial resolution cloud fields. Hence, this study proposes a super-resolution reconstruction approach based on a Graph-Enhanced Residual Attention Network (GRAN). The key innovation of this method lies in its ability to directly reconstruct high-resolution outputs from the low-resolution results produced by VSHDOM, thereby generating images that are comparable to high-resolution reference solutions while avoiding the heavy computational cost associated with explicitly solving the radiative transfer equation (RTE) at high resolutions. Results show that a 3D flux field with a resolution of 37 × 37 × 26 can be super-resolved to 370 × 370 × 26 in only 0.39 s, with a reconstruction error of <3.7 %. In contrast, a single VSHDOM iteration under the same computational setup takes approximately 12 min. Beyond RTE flux reconstruction, GRAN is also capable of performing super-resolution reconstruction for synthesized Stokes images, achieving a maximum absolute error of <0.01 compared to the benchmark.
{"title":"Graph-enhanced residual attention networks for high-resolution reconstruction in VSHDOM","authors":"Qianwen Wang, Sixu Pu, Ruoxi Peng, Biao Zhang, Jian Li, Chuanlong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Vector Spherical Harmonics Discrete Ordinate Method (VSHDOM) is an efficient deterministic solver for three-dimensional atmospheric radiative transfer. However, it still suffers from significant computational time and memory demands when applied to high spatial resolution cloud fields. Hence, this study proposes a super-resolution reconstruction approach based on a Graph-Enhanced Residual Attention Network (GRAN). The key innovation of this method lies in its ability to directly reconstruct high-resolution outputs from the low-resolution results produced by VSHDOM, thereby generating images that are comparable to high-resolution reference solutions while avoiding the heavy computational cost associated with explicitly solving the radiative transfer equation (RTE) at high resolutions. Results show that a 3D flux field with a resolution of 37 × 37 × 26 can be super-resolved to 370 × 370 × 26 in only 0.39 s, with a reconstruction error of <3.7 %. In contrast, a single VSHDOM iteration under the same computational setup takes approximately 12 min. Beyond RTE flux reconstruction, GRAN is also capable of performing super-resolution reconstruction for synthesized Stokes images, achieving a maximum absolute error of <0.01 compared to the benchmark.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"349 ","pages":"Article 109754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145536647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109736
T. Bertin , I.E. Gordon , R.J. Hargreaves , J. Tennyson , S.N. Yurchenko , K. Kefala , V. Boudon , C. Richard , A.V. Nikitin , V.G. Tyuterev , M. Rey , M. Birk , G. Wagner , K. Sung , B.P. Coy , W. Broussard , G.C. Toon , A.A. Rodina , E. Starikova , A. Campargue , G.B. Rieker
Spectroscopic parameters of methane from many different studies were gathered to improve the HITRAN database towards its 2024 version. After a validation process using high-resolution FTS and CRDS spectra, about 80,000 lines of the four most abundant isotopologues were replaced from the dyad to the triacontad regions. These changes amount to 51,000 transition wavenumbers, 18,000 line intensities, 33,000 pressure-broadening half-widths, and 3300 assignments. 44,000 new lines were added with 16,000 old lines removed, extending the database from 12,000 cm−1 up to 14,000 cm−1, and covering some gaps. A greater focus was brought on the pentad, octad, and tetradecad regions, targeted by several remote sensing instruments. In these regions, comparisons of spectral fits from multiple line lists were performed, taking only the parameters that provide best fit for each line. In the band, in addition to replacing the previous values, speed-independent pressure broadening parameters of 12CH4 were gathered and used to fit Padé-approximant functions. These functions then replaced any outdated experimental data in , missing data in the new lines, as well as the values that were determined to be outside their physical boundaries. The CH3D broadening parameters were replaced in the same manner, for missing and low or high values, using a semi-empirical formula instead.
{"title":"The HITRAN2024 methane update","authors":"T. Bertin , I.E. Gordon , R.J. Hargreaves , J. Tennyson , S.N. Yurchenko , K. Kefala , V. Boudon , C. Richard , A.V. Nikitin , V.G. Tyuterev , M. Rey , M. Birk , G. Wagner , K. Sung , B.P. Coy , W. Broussard , G.C. Toon , A.A. Rodina , E. Starikova , A. Campargue , G.B. Rieker","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spectroscopic parameters of methane from many different studies were gathered to improve the HITRAN database towards its 2024 version. After a validation process using high-resolution FTS and CRDS spectra, about 80,000 lines of the four most abundant isotopologues were replaced from the dyad to the triacontad regions. These changes amount to 51,000 transition wavenumbers, 18,000 line intensities, 33,000 pressure-broadening half-widths, and 3300 assignments. 44,000 new lines were added with 16,000 old lines removed, extending the database from 12,000 cm<sup>−1</sup> up to 14,000 cm<sup>−1</sup>, and covering some gaps. A greater focus was brought on the pentad, octad, and tetradecad regions, targeted by several remote sensing instruments. In these regions, comparisons of spectral fits from multiple line lists were performed, taking only the parameters that provide best fit for each line. In the <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> band, in addition to replacing the previous values, speed-independent pressure broadening parameters of <sup>12</sup>CH<sub>4</sub> were gathered and used to fit Padé-approximant functions. These functions then replaced any outdated experimental data in <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, missing data in the new lines, as well as the values that were determined to be outside their physical boundaries. The CH<sub>3</sub>D broadening parameters were replaced in the same manner, for missing and low or high values, using a semi-empirical formula instead.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"349 ","pages":"Article 109736"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145461886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109735
Yujia Sun , Chenxin Lin , Shu Zheng
Thermal radiation plays an important role in combustion systems due to its significant effect on the energy evolution. Radiation modeling in combustion simulations needs expensive computational resources due to high complexity of the radiative transfer equation and highly variations of the spectral radiative properties. Traditional numerical methods for the radiation modeling have many simplified and approximated models, but they are still suffering from the irreconcilable conflict between the accuracy and efficiency. This work investigates the capability of machine learning for predicting radiative heat transfer in combustion scenarios. Two machine learning models, UNet model and Fourier network operator (FNO) model are designed to learn radiative heat transfer directly from the temperature and concentrations fields. Their performances are tested for a turbulent diffusion flame. Results show that both UNet and FNO performs well for emulating the radiative heat source for the considered flame, with relative errors generally smaller than 0.3 %. The two models have similar accuracies. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using UNet and FNO models as surrogate model for non-gray gas radiative heat transfer in combustion system, but they need further investigations for more complex combustion scenarios.
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