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The Spectral Gamma Function of gas absorption coefficient and its application to analysis and enhancement of the correlated spectral modeling of radiative transfer in non-uniform gaseous media 气体吸收系数的光谱伽马函数及其在分析和增强非均匀气体介质中辐射传递的相关光谱建模中的应用
IF 2.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.109214
Vladimir P. Solovjov , Frederic André , Brent W. Webb , Mathieu Compiègne , Philippe Dubuisson , Laurent C. Labonnote
A novel Spectral Gamma Function is introduced to address the limitations associated with the “correlated” spectrum assumption in radiative transfer modeling in non-uniform gaseous media. The Spectral Gamma Function combines high-resolution gas absorption spectra with their distribution functions, capturing the “correlated” properties of absorption spectra at different thermodynamic states. This concept is applicable both to narrow bands and the full spectrum, enabling the construction of truly “correlated” models and the calculation of statistical relationships between absorption spectra. The paper presents the definition and properties of the Spectral Gamma Function. The Function 1) allows the construction of sets of truly “correlated” high-resolution spectra from which the “distance” to a real set of gas spectra can be characterized; 2) provides a simple way to evaluate Spearman's rank correlation between spectra in distinct states yielding useful information about the statistical relationship between these spectra; and 3) allows for the approximation of a real set of Line-by-Line (LBL) data as a non-linear combination of “correlated” models called MetaLBL modeling. Additionally, the function may be used to demonstrate the optimality of the Rank Correlated Spectral Line Weighted-sum-of-gray-gases (RC-SLW) Model in the space of “correlated” models, thus demonstrating that the RC-SLW Model represents the limit of accuracy in the family of correlated models. This work represents the first proposal of such a development extending modeling approaches beyond those inherent in the assumption of correlated spectra in the field of gas radiation modeling, offering promising insights for practical applications. Moreover, the MetaLBL modeling strategy is applied in a test case from atmospheric sciences for which models with a user-specified accuracy are constructed.
为了解决非均匀气态介质辐射传递建模中 "相关 "光谱假设所带来的局限性,介绍了一种新颖的光谱伽马函数。光谱伽马函数结合了高分辨率气体吸收光谱及其分布函数,捕捉了不同热力学状态下吸收光谱的 "相关 "特性。这一概念既适用于窄带,也适用于全谱,从而能够构建真正的 "相关 "模型,并计算吸收光谱之间的统计关系。本文介绍了光谱伽马函数的定义和特性。该函数:1)允许构建真正 "相关 "的高分辨率光谱集,从中可以确定与真实气体光谱集的 "距离";2)提供了一种简单的方法来评估处于不同状态的光谱之间的斯皮尔曼等级相关性,从而获得有关这些光谱之间统计关系的有用信息;3)允许将真实的逐行(LBL)数据集近似为 "相关 "模型的非线性组合,称为 MetaLBL 建模。此外,该函数还可用于证明秩相关谱线加权灰度气体总和(RC-SLW)模型在 "相关 "模型空间中的最优性,从而证明 RC-SLW 模型代表了相关模型系列的精度极限。这项工作首次提出了这样的发展建议,将建模方法扩展到气体辐射建模领域相关光谱假设所固有的建模方法之外,为实际应用提供了很有前景的见解。此外,MetaLBL 建模策略还被应用于大气科学的一个测试案例中,为该案例构建了用户指定精度的模型。
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引用次数: 0
Line-shape parameters of the oxygen first rotational triplet 氧气第一旋转三重的线形参数
IF 2.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.109220
M.A. Koshelev, I.N. Vilkov, G.Yu. Golubiatnikov, A.Yu. Sekacheva, M.Yu. Tretyakov
A lines shape of the first triplet of rotational band of oxygen molecule was studied beyond the Voigt profile in the framework of the quadratic approximation of speed dependence of collision relaxation rate. Recordings of the lines broadened by O2 and N2 were obtained at room temperature using two fundamentally different spectrometers, in particular, a video spectrometer and a spectrometer with radio-acoustic detection of absorption. A set of line-shape parameters was determined based on the line recording analysis. Data accuracy and reliability was evaluated from a comparative analysis of the parameters obtained from different techniques and with previous data.
在碰撞弛豫率速度依赖性二次近似的框架内,研究了氧分子旋转带第一三重的线形,它超越了 Voigt 轮廓。在室温条件下,使用两种截然不同的光谱仪,特别是视频光谱仪和无线电声学吸收探测光谱仪,获得了由 O2 和 N2 扩宽的线的记录。根据线形记录分析确定了一组线形参数。通过对不同技术获得的参数进行比较分析,并与以前的数据进行比较,评估了数据的准确性和可靠性。
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引用次数: 0
Eliminating blowing-ups and evanescent waves when using the finite series technique in evaluating beam shape coefficients for some T-matrix approaches, with the example of Gaussian beams 以高斯光束为例,在使用有限级数技术评估某些 T 矩阵方法的光束形状系数时消除炸波和蒸发波
IF 2.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.109212
Gérard Gouesbet , Jianqi Shen , Leonardo André Ambrosio
When evaluating beam shape coefficients which encode the description of laser beams, for use in some T-matrix approaches such as generalized Lorenz-Mie theory or Extended Boundary Condition Method for structured beams, by using finite series, blowing-ups are observed. When numerical inaccuracies are ruled out, it has been firmly demonstrated that such blowing-ups correspond to genuine physical phenomena, namely they describe evanescent waves. We propose a method to eliminate these blowing-ups and the corresponding evanescent waves (at least most of them).
一些 T 矩阵方法(如广义洛伦兹-米理论或结构光束的扩展边界条件法)使用有限级数来评估光束形状系数,这些系数对激光光束的描述进行编码。在排除了数值误差的情况下,我们已经证实这种炸裂现象与真正的物理现象相对应,即它们描述的是蒸发波。我们提出了一种消除这些炸裂和相应的蒸发波(至少大部分)的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Light scattering by Möbius particles 莫比乌斯粒子的光散射
IF 2.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.109215
Yehor Surkov , Yuriy Shkuratov , Vadym Kaydash , Yong-Le Pan , Aimable Kalume , Joshua Santarpia , Yongxiang Hu , Gorden Videen
Using the Discrete-Dipole Approximation (DDA) we study scattering-angle dependences of the orientationally averaged Mueller matrix elements for small Möbius particles with different chirality. A Möbius particle is a strip of a certain width and thickness, the ends of which are attached to each other after twisting one of them at an angle by a multiple of □. The Mueller matrices Mik for such particles have 16 non-zero elements. The scattering-angle dependences of the intensity M11, linear polarization degree (-M12/M11), and Circular Intensity Differential Scattering (CIDS = -M14/M11) show their sensitivity to the refractive index and number of the strip twisting. For instance, the CIDS depends significantly on the complex part of the refractive index. Particles with more twists show a decrease in the maximum value of the positive branch of linear polarization and an increase in the width and minimum of the negative branch. The twist parameter's influence on CIDS is non-monotonic, initially increasing and then approaching zero with further twisting.
利用离散偶极子近似法(DDA),我们研究了具有不同手性的小型莫比乌斯粒子的定向平均穆勒矩阵元素的散射角相关性。莫比乌斯粒子是一个具有一定宽度和厚度的条带,其两端在以 □ 的倍数的角度扭转其中一个条带后相互连接。这种粒子的穆勒矩阵 Mik 有 16 个非零元素。强度 M11、线性极化度 (-M12/M11) 和圆强度差散射 (CIDS = -M14/M11)的散射角相关性显示了它们对折射率和条带扭转次数的敏感性。例如,CIDS 在很大程度上取决于折射率的复数部分。捻度越大的粒子,其线性极化正分支的最大值越小,而负分支的宽度和最小值则越大。扭曲参数对 CIDS 的影响是非单调的,最初会增加,然后随着进一步扭曲而趋近于零。
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引用次数: 0
The k-bin tool: Fast and flexible k-distribution algorithms written in Python k-bin 工具用 Python 编写的快速灵活的 k 分布算法
IF 2.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.109213
Nils Madenach, Rene Preusker, Nicole Docter, Lena Jänicke, Jürgen Fischer
Radiative transfer simulations (RTS) still face significant challenges in accurately representing the highly complex gas absorption spectra of the Earth’s atmosphere. Line-by-line RTS achieves high accuracy by solving radiative transfer equations for narrow spectral intervals, but at a considerable computational cost. Especially in remote sensing and climate modeling, a trade-off between efficiency and accuracy must be done. k-distribution methods are widespread in the scientific community and offer a way to make this trade-off. k-distribution methods reorder the absorption spectra k for a given spectral interval and find appropriate so-called k-bins. In the k-space much less integration points can be used, while maintaining high accuracy. The way to find optimal k-bins differs from method to method and depends on the application. In this paper, we present the flexible and fast k-bin tool. The python based lightweight k-bin tool provides a variety of different k-distribution methods and configuration options. One k-distribution method is the in-house developed k-bin approach. The different setups of the tool can be easily compared, helping to decide which method and configuration is best suited for a given application. We encourage the user of the tool to continue to optimize the k-bin tool and to extend it with new approaches and functionalities.
辐射传递模拟(RTS)在准确表示地球大气高度复杂的气体吸收光谱方面仍然面临巨大挑战。逐行辐射传递模拟通过求解窄光谱区间的辐射传递方程来实现高精度,但计算成本相当高。特别是在遥感和气候建模中,必须在效率和精度之间进行权衡。k 分布方法在科学界非常普遍,它提供了一种权衡方法。在 k 空间中,可以使用更少的积分点,同时保持较高的精度。寻找最佳 k-bins 的方法因方法而异,并取决于应用。在本文中,我们介绍了灵活快速的 k-bin 工具。这个基于 python 的轻量级 k-bin 工具提供了多种不同的 k 分布方法和配置选项。其中一种 k 分布方法是内部开发的 k-bin 方法。该工具的不同设置可以很容易地进行比较,有助于决定哪种方法和配置最适合特定应用。我们鼓励该工具的用户继续优化 k-bin 工具,并通过新的方法和功能对其进行扩展。
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引用次数: 0
Role of spatial correlation on the performance of colored photovoltaic modules with integrate disordered media 空间相关性对集成无序介质彩色光伏组件性能的影响
IF 2.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.109216
Jinan Zhai , Shangyu Zhang , Chong Zheng , Jiyun Tang , Linhua Liu
Colored photovoltaic (PV) modules with integrated disordered coatings exhibit attractive potential for generating renewable electricity. However, most existing studies on these modules rely on the assumption that the disordered coatings are random systems, neglecting the effects of spatial correlation. In this work, we thoroughly investigate the effects of spatial correlation on the color properties and performance of colored PV modules with integrated disordered coatings, using the full-wave electromagnetic simulation techniques. Our findings indicate that increasing the degree of spatial correlation results in a sharper and narrower reflectance peak, while having a negligible impact on the peak position. This trend suggests that the spatial correlation offers an alternative strategy for producing more vivid color, although it is less effective in expanding the color range. On the other hand, the spatial correlation has little impact on the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PV modules. Therefore, it is feasible to produce colored PV modules with more vivid colors without significantly affecting the PCE by simply adjusting the degree of spatial correlation.
集成了无序涂层的彩色光伏(PV)模块在生产可再生能源电力方面具有诱人的潜力。然而,关于这些模块的现有研究大多基于无序涂层是随机系统的假设,忽略了空间相关性的影响。在这项工作中,我们利用全波电磁模拟技术,深入研究了空间相关性对集成无序涂层的彩色光伏组件的颜色特性和性能的影响。我们的研究结果表明,提高空间相关度会使反射峰值更尖锐、更狭窄,而对峰值位置的影响却微乎其微。这一趋势表明,空间相关性为产生更鲜艳的色彩提供了另一种策略,尽管它在扩大色彩范围方面效果较差。另一方面,空间相关性对光伏组件的功率转换效率(PCE)影响甚微。因此,只需调整空间相关度,就能生产出色彩更鲜艳的彩色光伏组件,而不会对 PCE 产生重大影响。
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引用次数: 0
Demonstration of a physical inversion scheme for all-sky, day-night IASI observations and application to the analysis of the onset of the Antarctica ozone hole: Assessment of retrievals and consistency of forward modeling 演示全天空昼夜 IASI 观测的物理反演方案,并将其应用于对南极臭氧洞开始的分析:评估检索结果和前瞻性建模的一致性
IF 2.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.109211
Carmine Serio , Guido Masiello , Giuliano Liuzzi , Angela Cersosimo , Tiziano Maestri , Michele Martinazzo , Fabrizio Masin , Giorgia Proietti Pelliccia , Sara Venafra , Claude Camy-Peyret
Based on a recently developed all-sky forward model (σ-IASI/F2N) for the computation of spectral radiances in the range 100 to 2760 cm-1, the paper addresses the spring onset of the Antarctica ozone hole with infrared observations from the IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Interferometer) satellite sounder. The Antarctica ozone hole is a cyclic event that grows in normal conditions in late August and collapses in late November/early December. Because of climate change (cooling of the stratosphere), the O3 hole is expected to become deeper. Indeed, 2021 and 2023 have been characterized by very spatially extensive and deep ozone hole. To demonstrate that we can gain further insights into these phenomena with the help of infrared nadir viewing observations, we have developed an all-sky retrieval tool, which inverts the whole IASI infrared spectrum to simultaneously estimate thermodynamic and geophysical parameters, including ozone and nitric acid, which are key parameters in analyzing the Antarctic ozone hole. Infrared sounders acquire data day and night, unlike visible and ultraviolet sounders, which are only operational during daytime. This enables us to acquire data also during the polar night, which is a critical time for O3 hole formation. Ice polar stratospheric clouds have been identified and fitted with our scheme. Maps of atmospheric ozone, complemented with those of nitric acid, temperature, and lower stratosphere height, have been retrieved for July, September, and October 2021 and 2023. Results are compared to those derived from TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) and OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument), showing a very good agreement. The comparison of simultaneously retrieved O3 and HNO3 shows that the onset of the ozone hole is associated with relevant denitrification in the Antarctica Stratosphere. For 2023, our findings also show that O3 depletion episodes began as early as July. Although demonstrative, our analysis evidences the importance of Numerical Weather Prediction centers to assimilating all-sky infrared radiances (day, night, clear, or with ice or water clouds) to get insights into providing a more comprehensive picture of the Southern Spring ozone depletion over Antarctica.
本文基于最近开发的用于计算 100 至 2760 cm-1 范围内光谱辐射的全天空前向模型(σ-IASI/F2N),利用 IASI(红外大气探测干涉仪)卫星探测仪的红外观测数据,探讨了南极洲臭氧洞春季开始的问题。南极洲臭氧洞是一个周期性事件,在正常情况下于 8 月底出现,11 月底/12 月初崩溃。由于气候变化(平流层变冷),预计臭氧洞会越来越深。事实上,2021 年和 2023 年的臭氧空洞在空间上非常广泛且深。为了证明我们可以在红外天底观测的帮助下进一步了解这些现象,我们开发了一种全天空检索工具,它可以反演整个 IASI 红外光谱,同时估算热力学和地球物理参数,包括臭氧和硝酸,这些都是分析南极臭氧洞的关键参数。红外探测仪日夜都能获取数据,这与可见光和紫外线探测仪不同,后者只能在白天工作。这使我们也能在极夜获取数据,而极夜是臭氧空洞形成的关键时刻。极地平流层冰云已被识别,并与我们的方案相匹配。已检索到 2021 年 7 月、9 月和 10 月以及 2023 年 7 月、9 月和 10 月的大气臭氧图,以及硝酸、温度和低平流层高度图。结果与 TROPOMI(TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument)和 OMI(Ozone Monitoring Instrument)得出的结果进行了比较,显示两者非常吻合。同时获取的 O3 和 HNO3 的比较结果表明,臭氧洞的出现与南极平流层的相关脱硝现象有关。对于 2023 年,我们的研究结果还显示,臭氧消耗事件早在 7 月份就已开始。我们的分析虽然是示范性的,但证明了数值天气预报中心吸收全天空红外辐射(白天、夜晚、晴朗或有冰云或水云)的重要性,以便深入了解南极洲上空的南泉臭氧消耗情况。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating angular and domain decomposition with space-angle discontinuous Galerkin methods in 2D radiative transfer 二维辐射传输中的角度和域分解与空间角不连续伽勒金方法的整合
IF 2.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.109208
Hang Wang , Md Ershadul Haque , Reza Abedi , Saba Mudaliar
A space-angle discontinuous Galerkin (saDG) method is used to solve the steady-state radiative transfer equation (RTE) for 2D problems involving absorption, emission, and scattering for a semitransparent medium. This approach discretizes both spatial and angular domains. Parallel computing is based on angular decomposition (AD), and domain decomposition (DD) techniques. The DD technique directly solves the entire domain using the MUMPS library, whereas the AD technique results in an iterative approach for scattering media. This study proposes a novel hybrid AD-DD method, combining the best aspects of both techniques. Numerical results investigate the scalability, performance, and efficiency of AD and DD techniques. It is shown that a hybrid AD-DD technique is superior to these individual techniques by taking advantage of their strengths. Numerical methods demonstrate the applicability of the method of the best combination of hybrid AD-DD to 2D scattering gray media with complex geometries or enclosures with circular and square obstacles.
采用空间-角度非连续伽勒金(saDG)方法求解稳态辐射传递方程(RTE),以解决半透明介质的吸收、发射和散射等二维问题。这种方法对空间域和角度域都进行了离散处理。并行计算基于角分解(AD)和域分解(DD)技术。DD 技术使用 MUMPS 库直接求解整个域,而 AD 技术则是针对散射介质的迭代方法。本研究提出了一种新颖的 AD-DD 混合方法,结合了两种技术的优点。数值结果研究了 AD 和 DD 技术的可扩展性、性能和效率。结果表明,AD-DD 混合技术利用了这两种技术的优势,优于单独的技术。数值方法证明了混合 AD-DD 最佳组合方法适用于具有复杂几何形状或具有圆形和方形障碍物的二维散射灰色介质。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental determination of the optical properties of walnut shell particles 核桃壳颗粒光学特性的实验测定
IF 2.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.109202
Matthias Koch , Stefan Pielsticker , Jochen Ströhle , Reinhold Kneer
The index of refraction (IOR) is required to model thermal radiation interaction with pulverized solid fuels. In this work, the complex index of refraction of biomass (walnut shell) is therefore determined using pulverized particles. Single particles are irradiated, and the scattered radiation is measured in different directions. To avoid falsification of the scattering pattern (phase function), the particles are kept contactless in an acoustic levitator. Here, over 1000 different phase functions are measured. The measured scattering patterns are evaluated using an inverse evaluation procedure to determine the IOR. Mie theory serves as the basis for the mathematical modeling of the radiation properties of the particles. The measured IOR is then compared to data from the literature on coal. For the wavelength range λ=20004000nm no distinct differences are noticed between the coal and biomass IOR. For λ>4000nm the real part of the biomass IOR is larger and the differences increase with increasing wavelength. However, the order of magnitude still matches that of coal IOR, and thus, only minor differences in the radiative properties of coal and biomass are expected.
要模拟热辐射与粉化固体燃料的相互作用,就需要折射率(IOR)。因此,在这项工作中,使用粉碎的颗粒测定了生物质(核桃壳)的复合折射率。对单个颗粒进行照射,测量不同方向的散射辐射。为避免散射模式(相位函数)被伪造,颗粒在声学悬浮器中保持非接触状态。在这里,测量了 1000 多种不同的相位函数。测量到的散射图样通过反评估程序进行评估,以确定 IOR。米氏理论是粒子辐射特性数学建模的基础。然后将测得的 IOR 与有关煤的文献数据进行比较。在 λ=2000-4000nm 波长范围内,煤和生物质的 IOR 没有明显差异。当波长为 λ>4000nm 时,生物质 IOR 的实际部分较大,随着波长的增加,差异也随之增大。不过,其数量级仍然与煤的 IOR 相匹配,因此煤和生物质的辐射特性预计只会有细微差别。
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引用次数: 0
Scattering of a spinning dielectric sphere to polarized plane waves 旋转介质球对偏振平面波的散射
IF 2.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.109201
Huan Tang , Zhuoyuan Shi , Yuan Zhang , Renxian Li , Bing Wei , Shuhong Gong , Igor V. Minin , Oleg V. Minin
The exact expression of the wave vector inside a spinning homogeneous dielectric sphere illuminated by polarized plane waves is derived utilizing the “instantaneous rest-frame” hypothesis and Minkowski’s theory. On this basis, the analytical expressions of the electromagnetic field in the rotation sphere system are attained. The asymmetry of the system is discussed, in which the cause is emphasized. The influence of the polarization states and rotation angular velocity on the scattering are analyzed, including the optical rotation effect and photonic hook (PH). The results of this manuscript have extensive application prospects in optical tweezers, particle manipulation, and antenna design.
利用 "瞬时静帧 "假设和闵科夫斯基理论,推导出了被偏振平面波照射的旋转均质介质球内波矢量的精确表达式。在此基础上,得到了旋转球系统中电磁场的解析表达式。讨论了系统的不对称性,并强调了其原因。分析了偏振态和旋转角速度对散射的影响,包括光旋转效应和光子钩(PH)。本手稿的结果在光镊子、粒子操纵和天线设计方面具有广泛的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
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