Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer最新文献

Satellite remote sensing of aerosol single scattering albedo: Instruments, algorithms, and challenges 气溶胶单次散射反照率的卫星遥感：仪器、算法和挑战

IF 1.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109802

Yueming Dong , Zhenyu Zhang , Jing Li

Aerosol single scattering albedo (SSA), which describes the scattering and absorbing properties of aerosols, is a critical optical parameter in assessing the radiative effects of aerosols. However, unlike aerosol optical depth (AOD), current global SSA retrievals from satellites are largely limited and highly uncertain. Constraining aerosol radiative forcing typically requires an observational accuracy of

\pm 0.03

for the single-scattering albedo (SSA), yet nearly all existing operational satellite products fail to meet this requirement. Global SSA products are mainly provided by sensors observing in the ultra-violet (UV) or with Multi-Angle Polarization (MAP) capabilities. However, SSA provided by UV sensors lacks insights in visible wavelengths and is highly sensitive to aerosol layer height assumptions. Although MAP instruments yield the most accurate satellite-based SSA estimates to date, they still rarely achieve the required accuracy. Only a few advanced MAP sensors offer the polarization precision theoretically needed to meet this target, but no operational products from these instruments are currently available. Other efforts include combining ground-based and satellite observations, but typically with limited spatial coverage. This review synthesizes current research on the satellite remote sensing of SSA, with a focus on the instrumentation and retrieval algorithms. A discussion on the remaining challenges and future research needs is also provided.

气溶胶单次散射反照率（SSA）描述了气溶胶的散射和吸收特性，是评估气溶胶辐射效应的重要光学参数。然而，与气溶胶光学深度（AOD）不同，目前从卫星上获取的全球SSA在很大程度上是有限的，而且高度不确定。约束气溶胶辐射强迫通常要求单散射反照率（SSA）的观测精度为±0.03，但几乎所有现有的运行卫星产品都无法满足这一要求。全球SSA产品主要由在紫外线（UV）观测或具有多角度偏振（MAP）功能的传感器提供。然而，紫外线传感器提供的SSA缺乏对可见波长的了解，并且对气溶胶层高度假设高度敏感。尽管MAP仪器产生了迄今为止最准确的基于卫星的SSA估计，但它们仍然很少达到所需的精度。理论上，只有少数先进的MAP传感器可以提供满足这一目标所需的偏振精度，但目前还没有这些仪器的可操作产品。其他努力包括结合地面和卫星观测，但通常空间覆盖范围有限。本文综述了卫星遥感研究的现状，重点介绍了卫星遥感的仪器和检索算法。本文还讨论了当前面临的挑战和未来的研究需求。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-channel modulation of vortex auto-focusing Airy beams and full-polarization states detection on a monolithic metasurface 单片超表面涡旋自聚焦Airy光束的多通道调制与全偏振态检测

IF 1.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109815

Guoxia Han , Kaiqi Liu , Feiyang Zhang , Yuhui Peng , Yihan Tian , Xiaolong Liu , Xianghua Yu

Combining the advantages of both auto-focusing Airy beams and vortex beams, the vortex auto-focusing Airy (VAFA) beam has received increasing attentions. However, conventional methods to generate VAFA beams usually require the utilization of bulky devices and complex optical systems, and the applications of VAFA beams are rarely reported. In this work, a novel method to generate and modulate multimode VAFA beams with a single monolayer metasurface is proposed based on the angularly spacing arrangement array and polarization multiplexing. Through spatial multiplexing and polarization multiplexing, we have significantly expanded the modulation capacity of a single-layer metasurface, enabling the synchronous and independent control of multiple optical channels. Based on this approach, we achieved complex manipulation of multimode VAFA beams and the generation of VAFA beams array. Additionally, leveraging the VAFA beam arrays, we designed a polarization-detection metasurface capable of full-polarization states detection. This work not only offers a fresh perspective on the flexible production of multiple beams with a single monolayer metasurface, but also presents the applications in the field of polarization detection of complex Airy beams, holding great potential for a wide range of applications in laser processing and optical communication.

涡流自聚焦Airy （VAFA）光束结合了自聚焦Airy光束和涡旋光束的优点，越来越受到人们的关注。然而，传统的产生VAFA光束的方法通常需要使用笨重的设备和复杂的光学系统，并且VAFA光束的应用很少被报道。本文提出了一种基于角度间距排列阵列和偏振复用的单层超表面多模VAFA波束产生和调制方法。通过空间复用和极化复用，我们极大地扩展了单层超表面的调制能力，实现了多个光通道的同步和独立控制。在此基础上，实现了多模VAFA波束的复杂操纵和VAFA波束阵列的生成。此外，利用VAFA波束阵列，我们设计了一个能够检测全极化状态的偏振检测超表面。该研究不仅为单层超表面柔性生产多束光束提供了新的视角，而且在复杂艾里光束偏振检测领域也有了应用前景，在激光加工和光通信领域具有广阔的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Trajectory-based far infrared collision-induced absorption spectra of CH4 CO2 in the temperature range from 70 K to 400 K 基于轨迹的CH[公式略][sbnd]CO[公式略]在70 ~ 400 K温度范围内的远红外碰撞诱导吸收光谱

IF 1.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109810

A.A. Finenko , D.N. Chistikov , A.O. Koroleva , A.A. Vigasin

This paper presents the far-infrared collision-induced absorption (CIA) spectra for CH

_{4}

CO

_{2}

pairs obtained using trajectory-based simulations across a broad temperature range of 70–400 K. Our calculations rely on explicit quantum-chemical calculation of the potential energy and induced dipole surfaces, constructed under the rigid-monomer approximation. Our developed trajectory-based method enables modeling of the true dimer contribution to CIA profile, which is particularly important at low temperatures. Furthermore, we introduce a significant improvement to the Monte Carlo computational scheme, which substantially accelerates its convergence in the frame of our method. The spectra obtained in this work thus provide a reliable reference for evaluating the impact of CIA in radiative transfer models, with direct application for CO

_{2}

–rich atmospheres such as Martian paleoatmosphere.

本文介绍了在70-400 K的宽温度范围内使用基于轨迹的模拟获得的CH4CO2对的远红外碰撞诱导吸收（CIA）光谱。我们的计算依赖于明确的量子化学计算势能和感应偶极子表面，在刚性单体近似下构建。我们开发的基于轨迹的方法可以模拟真正的二聚体对CIA剖面的贡献，这在低温下尤为重要。此外，我们对蒙特卡罗计算方案进行了重大改进，大大加快了其在我们方法框架内的收敛速度。因此，本工作获得的光谱为评估CIA在辐射传输模型中的影响提供了可靠的参考，并可直接应用于火星古大气等富含co2的大气。

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引用次数: 0

Adaptive angular resolution for time-dependent radiative transfer simulations based on local radiation field anisotropy 基于局地辐射场各向异性的时变辐射传输模拟自适应角分辨率

IF 1.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109820

Makito Abe , Hidenobu Yajima , Masayuki Umemura , Yoko Hoshi

Developing a fast and accurate radiative transfer calculation method is vital in modeling light propagation in biological tissues. We present a novel acceleration scheme for three-dimensional time-dependent radiative transfer simulation. In biological tissues, required angular resolutions for anisotropic radiation fields sensitively depend on spatial positions. Our new scheme changes the angular resolutions with the positions automatically based on local anisotropies of the radiation fields using the spherical Haar wavelet basis function. We apply the new code to simulations of light propagation in a box of polyurethane phantom mimicking biological tissue. We show that the new scheme achieves the acceleration of a factor of

\sim 8

at most and

\sim 3

on average compared to a simulation with the constant angular resolution while its accuracy keeps the same level. We find that the acceleration becomes more noticeable if low-angular resolution areas spread with time according as the diffuse radiation dominates. As the result of the fewer required angular bins, we find that the new code has the potential to reduce the memory use to

\sim 20 %

at the maximum. Thus, our new scheme also has the advantage from the viewpoint of computational resources. We note that our new scheme is applicable not only to steady-state media but also to scenarios where the physical state of matter changes dynamically. Our new scheme will be a powerful tool to perform radiative transfer simulations of more than a thousand models which must be important in developing machine learning models.

建立一种快速准确的辐射传递计算方法对模拟光在生物组织中的传播具有重要意义。提出了一种新的三维时变辐射传输模拟加速方案。在生物组织中，各向异性辐射场所需的角分辨率敏感地依赖于空间位置。该方案基于辐射场的局部各向异性，利用球面Haar小波基函数自动改变角分辨率随位置的变化。我们将新代码应用于模拟生物组织的聚氨酯幻影盒中的光传播模拟。我们表明，与具有恒定角度分辨率的模拟相比，新方案最多实现了~ 8倍的加速度，平均实现了~ 3倍的加速度，而其精度保持在相同的水平。我们发现，如果低角分辨率区域随着时间的推移而扩散，则加速度变得更加明显，因为漫射辐射占主导地位。由于所需的角度箱较少，我们发现新代码有可能将内存使用最多减少到20%。因此，从计算资源的角度来看，我们的新方案也具有优势。我们注意到，我们的新方案不仅适用于稳态介质，也适用于物质物理状态动态变化的情况。我们的新方案将是一个强大的工具，可以对一千多个模型进行辐射传输模拟，这在开发机器学习模型中非常重要。

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引用次数: 0

Bidirectional reflectance of seawater 海水的双向反射

IF 1.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109818

V.V. Marinyuk , M.A. Pavlova , D.B. Rogozkin , S.V. Sheberstov

A method is proposed for calculating the diffuse component of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of a medium with relatively strong absorption, such as seawater. Our approach is based on the expansion of the reflectance in orders of scattering through large angles (compared to the characteristic single-scattering angle), which leads to the reflectance expansion in inverse powers of the absorption coefficient. Explicit expressions for the first two terms of the expansion are derived. The first term reproduces the well-known result of quasi-single-scattering approximation, and the second one corresponds to the contribution of quasi-double scattering (the small-angle multiple scattering before, between, and after two events of large-angle scattering). To validate our analytical results, we carry out numerical integration of the radiative transfer equation for the Henyey–Greenstein (HG) phase function, as well as for the two-term HG and Morel et al (for Case I water) ones. For optical parameters typical to seawater, our analytical formula is in excellent agreement with the results of numerical radiative transfer calculations over a wide range of illumination/viewing angles. Remarkably, the relative contribution of the quasi-double scattering proves to be rather sensitive to the shape of the phase function in the backward hemisphere.

提出了一种计算吸收较强介质（如海水）双向反射分布函数（BRDF）漫射分量的方法。我们的方法是基于反射率在大角度（与特征的单散射角相比）的散射级数的扩展，这导致反射率以吸收系数的反比幂的方式扩展。导出展开式的前两项的显式表达式。第一项再现了众所周知的准单散射近似结果，第二项对应于准双散射的贡献（两个大角散射事件之前、之间和之后的小角多重散射）。为了验证我们的分析结果，我们对Henyey-Greenstein （HG）相函数以及两项HG和Morel等人（情况1水）的辐射传递方程进行了数值积分。对于典型的海水光学参数，我们的分析公式与大范围照明/视角下的数值辐射传递计算结果非常吻合。值得注意的是，准双散射的相对贡献对后半球相函数的形状非常敏感。

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引用次数: 0

Broadband spectrometry and thermal radiative properties of lunar dust simulants 月球尘埃模拟物的宽带光谱分析和热辐射特性

IF 1.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109821

Aravintha Raj Ravichandran, Vanessa Bristow, Joohyun Seo, Richard Z. Zhang

Spectrometry of lunar dust simulants can provide better understanding of the Moon’s surface albedo, thermal radiation to its environment, detection of composition variations, and identifying presence of water. The Moon’s soil or regolith is composed of fine dust particles of mostly silica, alumina, and lime, with variations between lighter Highlands (Artemis) regions and darker Mares (Apollo) valleys. To better understand the variations on optical properties, we perform broadband diffuse and specular spectrometry from visible to far-infrared wavelengths of four Lunar regolith simulants. Dust simulants of coarse and fine blends were imaged in scanning electron microscope to validate the particle size distributions. In the visible to near-IR, fine-particle simulants show fewer differences in solar absorption and albedo, while FTIR measurements show compositional oxide differences. Surface absorptivity can vary between 0.63 at the Highlands and 0.79 in Mares, while Lunar albedo obtained from specular spectrometry relative to a Lambertian white reflecting standard can range between 0.79 and 0.64, respectively. Using diffuse FTIR spectrometry, thermal emissivity relative to room temperature blackbody across all Lunar simulants are around 0.78. Variations in spectral reflectance and emittance are dependent on sample humidity and heat treatments, aggregate packing, and scattering from large particles. This work can improve optical sensing methods, dust processing, and in situ resource manufacturing of Lunar regolith.

月球尘埃模拟物的光谱分析可以更好地了解月球表面的反照率、对其环境的热辐射、检测成分变化以及识别水的存在。月球的土壤或风化层主要由二氧化硅、氧化铝和石灰组成的细粉尘颗粒组成，在较亮的高地（阿尔忒弥斯）地区和较暗的马雷斯（阿波罗）山谷之间存在差异。为了更好地理解光学特性的变化，我们对四种月球风化模拟物进行了从可见光到远红外波段的宽带漫射和镜面光谱分析。用扫描电子显微镜对粗粉和细粉模拟粉尘进行了成像，验证了模拟粉尘的粒径分布。在可见光到近红外波段，细颗粒模拟在太阳吸收和反照率方面的差异较小，而FTIR测量显示成分氧化物的差异。高地的表面吸收率可以在0.63和马鞍山的0.79之间变化，而月球反照率相对于朗伯氏白反射标准，通过镜面光谱法得到的反照率分别在0.79和0.64之间。利用漫射红外光谱法，所有月球模拟物相对于室温黑体的热发射率约为0.78。光谱反射率和发射率的变化取决于样品的湿度和热处理、聚集体的堆积和大颗粒的散射。这项工作可以改进月球风化层的光学传感方法、尘埃处理和原位资源制造。

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引用次数: 0

Relativistic multiconfiguration calculations of energy levels, transition rates and hyperfine constants in neutral indium 中性铟中能级、跃迁速率和超细常数的相对论多组态计算

IF 1.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109812

B. Atalay

Energies for states of the

5 s^{2} n p

(n = 5 - 8)

,

5 s^{2} 4 f

odd and the

5 s^{2} n s

(n = 6 - 8)

,

5 s^{2} n d

(n = 5, 6)

, and

5 s 5 p^{2}

even configurations in neutral indium are obtained using the fully relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) method. Transition probabilities and oscillator strengths among all these states are given. The magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine structure constants are evaluated. To ensure robustness and reliability of the results, different computational strategies and correlation models were used. Employing a natural orbital basis improves the accuracy of computed values significantly and gives better agreement with the experimental values.

利用完全相对论多组态dirac - hartee - fock （MCDHF）方法，得到了中性铟中5s2np（n=5−8）、5s24f奇态和5s2ns（n=6−8）、5s2 （n=5,6）和555p2偶态的能量。给出了这些状态之间的跃迁概率和振子强度。计算了磁偶极子和电四极子的超精细结构常数。为了保证结果的鲁棒性和可靠性，采用了不同的计算策略和相关模型。采用自然轨道基大大提高了计算值的精度，与实验值的吻合度更高。

引用次数: 0

From light diffusion to photocatalytic rates: Compact scaling laws for strongly scattering porous slabs 从光扩散到光催化速率：强散射多孔板的紧凑结垢规律

IF 1.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109819

Renaud A.L. Vallée, Rénal Backov

Light transport in strongly scattering porous photocatalytic materials governs the spatial distribution of absorbed photons and therefore the generation of charge carriers driving photocatalytic reactions. Yet translating measured optical properties of such media into intrinsic reaction rate constants remains challenging, as it requires simultaneously accounting for multiple scattering, boundary losses, photochemical efficiency, and surface kinetics. Here we develop a compact analytical framework that unifies these processes for nanoparticle-loaded photocatalytic slabs. Using a finite-slab diffusion model with extrapolated boundaries, we derive closed-form expressions for the fluence field and couple them to a photochemical quantum efficiency and first-order surface kinetics. The resulting predictors yield intrinsic volumetric and areal rate constants whose dependence on the transport mean free path, optical thickness, and surface-to-volume ratio emerges transparently.

Validation against Monte-Carlo photon-migration simulations shows that the diffusion approximation reproduces the fluence and generation-rate profiles with a modest multiplicative mismatch, typically within a factor of

\sim

1.20–1.39, depending on the anisotropy and scattering phase function. This level of agreement is consistent with the known limits of the diffusion approximation and is sufficient to enable reliable, design-oriented predictions.

The analytical descriptors introduced here – such as

ℓ^{*}

,

S / V

, and the extrapolation length

z_{b}

– are general, physically interpretable, and directly integrable into data-driven optimisation and geometry-engineered reactor design. The framework thus provides a versatile and physically grounded tool for photocatalytic systems across diverse applications, including VOC photo-degradation, indoor air purification, and solar-fuel production.

强散射多孔光催化材料中的光输运控制着吸收光子的空间分布，从而产生驱动光催化反应的载流子。然而，将测量到的这种介质的光学性质转化为固有的反应速率常数仍然具有挑战性，因为它需要同时考虑多重散射、边界损失、光化学效率和表面动力学。在这里，我们开发了一个紧凑的分析框架，统一了纳米颗粒负载光催化板的这些过程。利用具有外推边界的有限板扩散模型，我们推导出了通量场的封闭表达式，并将其与光化学量子效率和一阶表面动力学耦合。由此产生的预测因子产生固有的体积和面速率常数，其依赖于传输平均自由程，光学厚度和表面体积比透明地显现出来。

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引用次数: 0

Transmittance of Gaussian beam in anisotropic jet engine exhaust turbulence 各向异性喷气发动机排气湍流中高斯光束的透射率

IF 1.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109816

Yahya Baykal

Transmittance is a metric that provides information on how much of the intensity is transferred to the receiver for a given medium. One of the definitions of transmittance is the ratio of the average received intensity in the presence of turbulence to the received intensity in the absence of turbulence. Under such definition, transmittance is found in an anisotropic jet engine exhaust turbulent environment. For various receiver points, transmittances versus the wireless optical communication (WOC) link and anisotropic jet engine exhaust turbulence parameters are presented. The results are useful for designers of WOC links that are installed in the premises such as the airports that possess jet engine exhaust turbulence.

透光率是一种度量，它提供了给定介质中有多少强度被传递到接收器的信息。透光率的定义之一是存在湍流时的平均接收强度与没有湍流时的接收强度之比。在此定义下，得到了各向异性喷气发动机排气湍流环境下的透光率。对于不同的接收点，给出了无线光通信（WOC）链路的透射率和各向异性喷气发动机排气湍流参数。这些结果对于安装在具有喷气发动机排气湍流的机场等场所的WOC链路的设计者是有用的。

引用次数: 0

Tunable pixelated graphene based thermal infrared emitter array and its electrothermal characterization 基于可调谐像素化石墨烯的热红外发射器阵列及其电热特性

IF 1.9 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109817

Yibai Zhong , Xiu Liu , Zexiao Wang , Jingyi Zou , Tianyi Huang , Sen Lin , Xiao Luo , Zhuo Li , Rui Cheng , Xu Zhang , Sheng Shen

In this work, we design and fabricate tunable pixelated infrared emitter arrays based on graphene transistors. We use finite element analysis to simulate a 5-by-3 pixelated emitter array, where localized heating area can be confined within a size of 25 μm and reaches more than 10 K temperature rise within 3 μs. By applying fast sweeping scheme with electrostatic voltage inputs, tunable surface patterns assembling dynamic alphabetical letters of microscale sizes are demonstrated and captured via thermal mapping with its thermal emission variation caused by localized temperature rise. Our results show that thermal emission can be highly localized and reconfigurable both spatially and temporally, which paves the way for developing and boosting the performance of microscale and nanoscale thermally driven devices for communication, characterization, sensing and actuation.

在这项工作中，我们设计和制造了基于石墨烯晶体管的可调谐像素化红外发射器阵列。利用有限元方法模拟了一个5 × 3像素的发射极阵列，该阵列的局部加热区域可以限制在25 μm内，并在3 μs内达到10 K以上的温升。通过采用静电电压输入的快速扫描方案，展示并捕获了由微尺度动态字母组成的可调表面图案，并通过热成像捕获了其局部温升引起的热发射变化。我们的研究结果表明，热发射在空间和时间上都是高度局域化和可重构的，这为开发和提高用于通信、表征、传感和驱动的微尺度和纳米尺度热驱动器件的性能铺平了道路。

引用次数: 0