Pub Date : 2021-11-04DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.13
Raghad Al Nuss, Hind El-Zein
Objective: Cefdinir is a poorly- water-soluble drug, it belongs to Biopharmaceutical Classification System class IV, which shows that it may have limited therapeutic effects due to its low solubility and poor bioavailability. The aim of the present work was to design a pH-modified solid dispersion (pHM-SD) that can improve the dissolution rate of cefdinir and subsequently its bioavailability. Materials and Methods: pHM-SDs of cefdinir were prepared at different drug-to-carrier ratios by the spray-drying technique. The solid dispersions were investigated by dissolution studies at different pH media, drug release kinetics were studied, and their solid-state characterizations were performed by FTIR spectrophotometer, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Results: PVP- based and HPMC- based pHM-SDs exhibited a marked improvement in the dissolution behavior when compared with crystalline cefdinir powder, whereas Eudragit L100-based pHM-SDs showed lower dissolution at pH 1.2 and 4.5. FTIR results may indicate a formation of a salt between cefdinir and the alkalizer. Solid-state characterization may indicate a change in crystallinity of cefdinir into an amorphous state. Mathematical modeling of in vitro dissolution data indicated the best fitting with Korsmeyer–Peppas model and the drug release kinetics primarily as Fickian diffusion. Conclusion: According to these observations, pHM-SD in the presence of an alkalizer for a poorly water-soluble acidic drug, cefdinir, appeared to be efficacious for enhancing its dissolution rate.
{"title":"pH- Modified Solid Dispersions of Cefdinir for Dissolution Rate Enhancement: Formulation and Characterization","authors":"Raghad Al Nuss, Hind El-Zein","doi":"10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.13","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Cefdinir is a poorly- water-soluble drug, it belongs to Biopharmaceutical Classification System class IV, which shows that it may have limited therapeutic effects due to its low solubility and poor bioavailability. The aim of the present work was to design a pH-modified solid dispersion (pHM-SD) that can improve the dissolution rate of cefdinir and subsequently its bioavailability.\u0000Materials and Methods: pHM-SDs of cefdinir were prepared at different drug-to-carrier ratios by the spray-drying technique. The solid dispersions were investigated by dissolution studies at different pH media, drug release kinetics were studied, and their solid-state characterizations were performed by FTIR spectrophotometer, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD).\u0000Results: PVP- based and HPMC- based pHM-SDs exhibited a marked improvement in the dissolution behavior when compared with crystalline cefdinir powder, whereas Eudragit L100-based pHM-SDs showed lower dissolution at pH 1.2 and 4.5.\u0000FTIR results may indicate a formation of a salt between cefdinir and the alkalizer. Solid-state characterization may indicate a change in crystallinity of cefdinir into an amorphous state. Mathematical modeling of in vitro dissolution data indicated the best fitting with Korsmeyer–Peppas model and the drug release kinetics primarily as Fickian diffusion.\u0000Conclusion: According to these observations, pHM-SD in the presence of an alkalizer for a poorly water-soluble acidic drug, cefdinir, appeared to be efficacious for enhancing its dissolution rate.","PeriodicalId":16959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78908638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-04DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.14
M. Sheikh-Taha, Celia El-Halabi, Katia El-Harake
Background: While selling over-the-counter (OTC) products in pharmacies is convenient to individuals and can be beneficial, it might potentially cause harm. We hereby describe the patterns of OTC product consumption amongst adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Lebanon and the potential interactions with prescription medications and patient diseases. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in the setting of nine community pharmacies across different governorates of Lebanon. Data of interest were collected from adult patients with CVD history through face-to-face interviews using a short questionnaire. Results: Out of 201 adult patients included in the study, 190 (94.5%) were using at least one OTC product, with a mean of 3.2 ± 2.4 per patient (range of 1 to 12 products). The proportion of patients taking analgesics was the greatest (81.1%), followed by those taking vitamins (48.8%), minerals (29.9%), and herbal products (13.9%). Several potentially harmful OTC product- drug or -disease interactions were identified. Only 65.3% of OTC users reported obtaining information about the used products from healthcare professionals (HCPs), and 35.3% did not disclose the use of the products to their HCPs. Conclusion: The use of OTC products was highly prevalent among patients with CVD with potential interactions with prescription medications and patient diseases. In order to ensure optimal patient outcomes, clinicians are strongly encouraged to inquire about OTC product use and counsel patients about the risks and benefits associated with such products.
{"title":"Use of Over-the-Counter Products in Lebanese Adults with Cardiovascular Disease","authors":"M. Sheikh-Taha, Celia El-Halabi, Katia El-Harake","doi":"10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While selling over-the-counter (OTC) products in pharmacies is convenient to individuals and can be beneficial, it might potentially cause harm. We hereby describe the patterns of OTC product consumption amongst adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Lebanon and the potential interactions with prescription medications and patient diseases. \u0000Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in the setting of nine community pharmacies across different governorates of Lebanon. Data of interest were collected from adult patients with CVD history through face-to-face interviews using a short questionnaire. \u0000Results: Out of 201 adult patients included in the study, 190 (94.5%) were using at least one OTC product, with a mean of 3.2 ± 2.4 per patient (range of 1 to 12 products). The proportion of patients taking analgesics was the greatest (81.1%), followed by those taking vitamins (48.8%), minerals (29.9%), and herbal products (13.9%). Several potentially harmful OTC product- drug or -disease interactions were identified. Only 65.3% of OTC users reported obtaining information about the used products from healthcare professionals (HCPs), and 35.3% did not disclose the use of the products to their HCPs. \u0000Conclusion: The use of OTC products was highly prevalent among patients with CVD with potential interactions with prescription medications and patient diseases. In order to ensure optimal patient outcomes, clinicians are strongly encouraged to inquire about OTC product use and counsel patients about the risks and benefits associated with such products.","PeriodicalId":16959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83806339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-04DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.12
Nurul-Ain Ismail, A. Matawali, Ping-Chin Lee, S. How, L. S. Yazan, L. P. W. Goh, J. Gansau
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and caused by dysregulated signal transduction from kinase and phosphatases. Inhibitors of kinase and phosphatase have demonstrated anticancer properties. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the antikinase, antiphosphatase and cytotoxic properties of Mallotus mollissimus (M. mollissimus) and Solanum erianthum (S. erianthum). Toxic activities against PP1, MKK1 and MSG5 assays were demonstrated by S. erianthum methanol extract. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extracts showed that chloroform fraction (CE) of M. mollissimus exhibited toxic activity against PP1. Meanwhile, CE of S. erianthum showed positive activity on PP1 assay. Column chromatography separation of the CE has revealed that fractions F1 and F2 of M. mollissimus are toxic against PP1. Meanwhile, F1 and F2 CE fractions of S. erianthum were positive against PP1 and F9 fraction showed toxic activity in PP1 assay. Chloroform extracts of both plants exhibit cytotoxicity activity against HeLa, CaOV3 and MCF7 cell lines. This study demonstrated the potential of M. mollissimus and S. erianthum extracts in antikinase, antiphosphatase and anti-cancer activities which warrant further purification and identification.
癌症是世界范围内死亡的主要原因，由激酶和磷酸酶信号转导失调引起。激酶和磷酸酶抑制剂已被证明具有抗癌特性。因此，本研究旨在研究Mallotus mollissimus (M. mollissimus)和Solanum erianthum (S. erianthum)的抗激酶、抗磷酸酶和细胞毒性。采用甲醇提取物对PP1、MKK1和MSG5的毒活性进行了实验研究。用生物测定法对甲醇提取物进行分馏，结果表明，三氯甲烷部分(CE)对PP1具有一定的毒性。与此同时，叶参的CE在PP1试验中呈阳性反应。CE的柱层析分离结果表明，M. mollissimus的F1和F2组分对PP1具有毒性。在PP1试验中，叶参的F1和F2 CE部位对PP1呈阳性反应，F9部位对PP1呈毒性反应。两种植物的氯仿提取物均对HeLa、CaOV3和MCF7细胞株具有细胞毒活性。本研究表明，该提取物具有抗激酶、抗磷酸酶和抗癌活性，值得进一步纯化和鉴定。
{"title":"Mallotus Mollissimus and Solanum Erianthum Exhibit Antikinase, Antiphosphatase and Anti-Cancer Properties","authors":"Nurul-Ain Ismail, A. Matawali, Ping-Chin Lee, S. How, L. S. Yazan, L. P. W. Goh, J. Gansau","doi":"10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.12","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and caused by dysregulated signal transduction from kinase and phosphatases. Inhibitors of kinase and phosphatase have demonstrated anticancer properties. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the antikinase, antiphosphatase and cytotoxic properties of Mallotus mollissimus (M. mollissimus) and Solanum erianthum (S. erianthum). Toxic activities against PP1, MKK1 and MSG5 assays were demonstrated by S. erianthum methanol extract. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extracts showed that chloroform fraction (CE) of M. mollissimus exhibited toxic activity against PP1. Meanwhile, CE of S. erianthum showed positive activity on PP1 assay. Column chromatography separation of the CE has revealed that fractions F1 and F2 of M. mollissimus are toxic against PP1. Meanwhile, F1 and F2 CE fractions of S. erianthum were positive against PP1 and F9 fraction showed toxic activity in PP1 assay. Chloroform extracts of both plants exhibit cytotoxicity activity against HeLa, CaOV3 and MCF7 cell lines. This study demonstrated the potential of M. mollissimus and S. erianthum extracts in antikinase, antiphosphatase and anti-cancer activities which warrant further purification and identification.","PeriodicalId":16959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74771779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.10
Raghad Al Nuss, H. E. Zein
Objective: The objective of this research was to enhance the physical stability and the dissolution rate of cefdinir, a BCS class IV drug, characterized by low and variable bioavailability due to both its low solubility and low permeability. Methods: Cefdinir was loaded into the mesoporous silica (SBA-15), by using the solvent immersion method starting from different organic solvents. And then formula (F3), which exhibited the highest loading percentage, was selected to study its drug release in media with different pH (1.2, 4.5, and 6.8), and has been fully characterized by using: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Powder X-ray Diffraction, and has been subjected to accelerated stability tests using different temperatures and relative humidity. Drug release kinetics were studied by using the following models: Probit, Gompertz, Weibull, and Logistic. Results: The results showed a remarkable dissolution improvement of cefdinir from the loaded silica in comparison to the crystalline drug at the different studied media. Drug release behaviors were well simulated by the Weibull model for F3 in all studied media and for pure Cefdinir in phosphate buffer only, and by the Gompertz function for pure Cefdinir in HCl buffer and Acetate buffer. FTIR results showed hydrogen bonds formed between the drug and silica, DSC and PXRD results revealed the transformation of cefdinir into an amorphous form upon adsorption. Stability studies under different conditions revealed the ability of mesoporous silica to maintain the amorphous state of the drug, which has been formed upon adsorption, and to prevent re-organization in the crystal nucleus of the drug molecules. Conclusion: Thus, loading cefdinir onto mesoporous silica can be used as a promising method to enhance drug dissolution, and maintain the physical stability of its amorphous form.
{"title":"Cefdinir Inclusion in Mesoporous Silica as Effective Dissolution Enhancer with Improved Physical Stability","authors":"Raghad Al Nuss, H. E. Zein","doi":"10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.10","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Objective: The objective of this research was to enhance the physical stability and the dissolution rate of cefdinir, a BCS class IV drug, characterized by low and variable bioavailability due to both its low solubility and low permeability.\u0000Methods: Cefdinir was loaded into the mesoporous silica (SBA-15), by using the solvent immersion method starting from different organic solvents. And then formula (F3), which exhibited the highest loading percentage, was selected to study its drug release in media with different pH (1.2, 4.5, and 6.8), and has been fully characterized by using: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Powder X-ray Diffraction, and has been subjected to accelerated stability tests using different temperatures and relative humidity. Drug release kinetics were studied by using the following models: Probit, Gompertz, Weibull, and Logistic.\u0000Results: The results showed a remarkable dissolution improvement of cefdinir from the loaded silica in comparison to the crystalline drug at the different studied media. Drug release behaviors were well simulated by the Weibull model for F3 in all studied media and for pure Cefdinir in phosphate buffer only, and by the Gompertz function for pure Cefdinir in HCl buffer and Acetate buffer. FTIR results showed hydrogen bonds formed between the drug and silica, DSC and PXRD results revealed the transformation of cefdinir into an amorphous form upon adsorption. Stability studies under different conditions revealed the ability of mesoporous silica to maintain the amorphous state of the drug, which has been formed upon adsorption, and to prevent re-organization in the crystal nucleus of the drug molecules.\u0000Conclusion: Thus, loading cefdinir onto mesoporous silica can be used as a promising method to enhance drug dissolution, and maintain the physical stability of its amorphous form.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":16959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86501952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.11
V. Ivannik, I. Torianyk, T. Moiseienko, A. Skliar, R. Yeromenko, V. Hnatiuk, L. Podrigalo, R. Nazaryan, N.M. Mikhailenko, V. V. Gargin
Background: An important aspect in the treatment of patients with intestinal yersiniosis is the administration of effective antibiotic therapy. Performed research aimed to determine the spectrum and level of antimicrobial activity of 2H-pyrano[2,3- c]pyridine derivatives on the museum and clinical strains of gram-negative microorganisms Yersinia enterocolitica. Methodology: The object of the study was 28 synthetic derivatives of 2H-pyrano[2,3- c]pyridine. The compounds were studied according to their chemical structure. We used the method of serial dilutions in Muller-Hinton liquid nutrient medium with a museum’s and clinical strains of Y.enterocolitica. Results: Studies indicate the promise of further study of the properties of 2H- pyrono[2,3-c]pyridine to create an effective antimicrobial medicine. According to the results of studies on action of antimicrobial compounds synthesized on the basis of 2H-pyrano[2,3-с]pyridine derivatives, it was found that the MIC of compounds for all Y. enterocolitica strains was 100.0 μg/ml. The MBCC of most cultures of Yersinia (72.3 %) was 200.0 μg/ml. Compound 2{3} had a pronounced antiyersiniotic activity, the inhibitory effect of which was manifested at a concentration of 25.0 μg/ml. Retarding the growth of most Yersinia strains (95.3%) with a MIC of 50.0 μg/ml, the MIC of compounds ranged from 50.0 to 200.0 μg/ml. After statistical data processing, pyridine derivatives (compounds 2{3} and 3{5}) were identified, possessing an effective bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on Y. enterocolitica strains. Conclusions: The results of the research showed a high antimicrobial activity of 2H- pyrano[2,3-c]pyridine derivatives. The highest activity against Y. enterocolitica was found for 2-N2-arylimino-5-hydroxy-methyl-8-methyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-c]pyridine-3-N1- aricarboxamide derivatives.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity Derivatives 2H-pirano[2,3-c]piridines against Pathogens of Intestinal Yersiniosis","authors":"V. Ivannik, I. Torianyk, T. Moiseienko, A. Skliar, R. Yeromenko, V. Hnatiuk, L. Podrigalo, R. Nazaryan, N.M. Mikhailenko, V. V. Gargin","doi":"10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Background: An important aspect in the treatment of patients with intestinal yersiniosis is the administration of effective antibiotic therapy. Performed research aimed to determine the spectrum and level of antimicrobial activity of 2H-pyrano[2,3- c]pyridine derivatives on the museum and clinical strains of gram-negative microorganisms Yersinia enterocolitica.\u0000Methodology: The object of the study was 28 synthetic derivatives of 2H-pyrano[2,3- c]pyridine. The compounds were studied according to their chemical structure. We used the method of serial dilutions in Muller-Hinton liquid nutrient medium with a museum’s and clinical strains of Y.enterocolitica.\u0000Results: Studies indicate the promise of further study of the properties of 2H- pyrono[2,3-c]pyridine to create an effective antimicrobial medicine. According to the results of studies on action of antimicrobial compounds synthesized on the basis of 2H-pyrano[2,3-с]pyridine derivatives, it was found that the MIC of compounds for all Y. enterocolitica strains was 100.0 μg/ml. The MBCC of most cultures of Yersinia (72.3 %) was 200.0 μg/ml. Compound 2{3} had a pronounced antiyersiniotic activity, the inhibitory effect of which was manifested at a concentration of 25.0 μg/ml. Retarding the growth of most Yersinia strains (95.3%) with a MIC of 50.0 μg/ml, the MIC of compounds ranged from 50.0 to 200.0 μg/ml. After statistical data processing, pyridine derivatives (compounds 2{3} and 3{5}) were identified, possessing an effective bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on Y. enterocolitica strains.\u0000Conclusions: The results of the research showed a high antimicrobial activity of 2H- pyrano[2,3-c]pyridine derivatives. The highest activity against Y. enterocolitica was found for 2-N2-arylimino-5-hydroxy-methyl-8-methyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-c]pyridine-3-N1- aricarboxamide derivatives.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":16959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73763053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-14DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.08
V. V. Gargin, T. D. Nessonova, L. Podrigalo, O.A. Nakonechn, O. Tishchenko, L. Kryvenko, T. Popova
{"title":"Effect of Electronic Cigarettes on Oral Microbial Flora","authors":"V. V. Gargin, T. D. Nessonova, L. Podrigalo, O.A. Nakonechn, O. Tishchenko, L. Kryvenko, T. Popova","doi":"10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86510684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-02DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.04
Mackenzi Lee Meier, P. Greenspan, Chelsea A. Keedy, A. Misher
It is widely accepted that the management of diabetes should include both pharmacologic and lifestyle modifications. However, these recommendations are not readily or consistently incorporated into clinical practice. Current guideline recommendations encourage an emphasis on nutrient-dense foods, which include those foods that tend to be high in flavonoids such as fruits and vegetables. Polyphenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables have been shown to affect the same biological processes as certain classes of pharmacological therapy used in the treatment of diabetes. A better understanding of the benefits of these compounds may help healthcare professionals, including pharmacists, communicate dietary recommendations to patients.
{"title":"The Implications of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Patients with Diabetes","authors":"Mackenzi Lee Meier, P. Greenspan, Chelsea A. Keedy, A. Misher","doi":"10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.04","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely accepted that the management of diabetes should include both pharmacologic and lifestyle modifications. However, these recommendations are not readily or consistently incorporated into clinical practice. Current guideline recommendations encourage an emphasis on nutrient-dense foods, which include those foods that tend to be high in flavonoids such as fruits and vegetables. Polyphenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables have been shown to affect the same biological processes as certain classes of pharmacological therapy used in the treatment of diabetes. A better understanding of the benefits of these compounds may help healthcare professionals, including pharmacists, communicate dietary recommendations to patients.","PeriodicalId":16959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87061046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-02DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.02
Elizabeth Bosede Aladejana, Collen Musara
This review gives the first comprehensive appraisal of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, from the plant family Asphodelaceae: its botany, ethnomedicinal (with particular emphasis on the African communities), phytochemistry, and pharmacological potential. Particular emphasis is given to the biological and chemical properties. Peer review and literature search were done by conducting a logical and inclusive review. Indigenous cultures have used the plant among different ethnic groups in tropical Africa for medicinal and other purposes. The chemical compounds that have been isolated from K. foliosa include monomeric anthraquinones such as chrysophanol, islandicin, laccaic acid, aloe-emodin, and aloe-emodin acetate, which contain antileukaemic properties; dimeric anthraquinones such as asphodelin, knipholone, and chryslandicin; phenyl anthraquinones and anthrones, including knipholone anthrone, isoknipholone anthrone, knipholone, phenylanthrone knipholone anthrone and anthraquinone isoknipholone; oxanthrones such as isofoliosone and foliosone; and rare dimeric phenylanthraqunones joziknipholones A and B. The pharmacological studies on K. foliosa exhibited antimalarial, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-HIV-1, and anti-leukotriene activities. From the above, it can be deduced that K. foliosa contains chemical constituents of pharmacological importance, contributing significantly to the development of new medicines.
{"title":"Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, (Asphodelaceae)","authors":"Elizabeth Bosede Aladejana, Collen Musara","doi":"10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.02","url":null,"abstract":"This review gives the first comprehensive appraisal of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, from the plant family Asphodelaceae: its botany, ethnomedicinal (with particular emphasis on the African communities), phytochemistry, and pharmacological potential. Particular emphasis is given to the biological and chemical properties. Peer review and literature search were done by conducting a logical and inclusive review. Indigenous cultures have used the plant among different ethnic groups in tropical Africa for medicinal and other purposes. The chemical compounds that have been isolated from K. foliosa include monomeric anthraquinones such as chrysophanol, islandicin, laccaic acid, aloe-emodin, and aloe-emodin acetate, which contain antileukaemic properties; dimeric anthraquinones such as asphodelin, knipholone, and chryslandicin; phenyl anthraquinones and anthrones, including knipholone anthrone, isoknipholone anthrone, knipholone, phenylanthrone knipholone anthrone and anthraquinone isoknipholone; oxanthrones such as isofoliosone and foliosone; and rare dimeric phenylanthraqunones joziknipholones A and B. The pharmacological studies on K. foliosa exhibited antimalarial, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-HIV-1, and anti-leukotriene activities. From the above, it can be deduced that K. foliosa contains chemical constituents of pharmacological importance, contributing significantly to the development of new medicines.","PeriodicalId":16959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78731436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-02DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.05
A. F. Ogundola, T. Yekeen, R.A. Arotayo, A. Akintola, Amina Mustapha Ibrahim, H. O. Adedosu, M. Bello
Calotropis procera has been widely explored in ethnomedicine to cure several ailments such as leprosy, fever, elephantiasis, menorrhagia, and snakebite. It is also used as a purgative, anthelmintic, anticoagulant, anticancer, antipyretic, analgesic, and carminative. In addition to its traditional use as coagulants, the leaves and seeds of Calotropis procera could be used in food fortifications to combat nutrient deficiencies as reflected in its bioactive components. The increase in its use might be associated with the level of many bioactive components, which provide nutritional and health benefits. Thus, the leaves and seeds were analyzed for their bioactive components and characterized for nutrient values using the procedures of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The chemical analyses results showed that the leaf and the seed contained (g/100 g dry weight) moisture (8.11g, 9.53g), crude protein (26.69g, 14.48g), crude fiber (7.54, 15.73), crude fat (21.70, 6.29), ash (5.32, 3.69) and carbohydrate (30.64, 50.29), respectively. The leaves and seeds contained zinc (1.20, 0.60 mg/100 g), potassium (33.60, 30.30 mg/100 g) and iron (36.90, 12.90 mg/100g), respectively. The fatty acids profile revealed that the leaves and the seed oils contained a low level of saturated palmitic acid (3.01, 7.70 g/100g) and a high level of monounsaturated oleic acid (10.31, 27.90 g/100g) and polyunsaturated acids (11.63, 18.53 g/100g), respectively. It is established that the chemical compounds in the Calotropis procera seeds and leaves could be beneficial for therapeutic and dietary purposes. Thus, it can be accepted that the Calotropis procera plant may be used as medicine and food fortificants.
{"title":"Evaluation of Nutrients in Leaves and Seeds of Calotropis Procera (linn)","authors":"A. F. Ogundola, T. Yekeen, R.A. Arotayo, A. Akintola, Amina Mustapha Ibrahim, H. O. Adedosu, M. Bello","doi":"10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.05","url":null,"abstract":"Calotropis procera has been widely explored in ethnomedicine to cure several ailments such as leprosy, fever, elephantiasis, menorrhagia, and snakebite. It is also used as a purgative, anthelmintic, anticoagulant, anticancer, antipyretic, analgesic, and carminative. In addition to its traditional use as coagulants, the leaves and seeds of Calotropis procera could be used in food fortifications to combat nutrient deficiencies as reflected in its bioactive components. The increase in its use might be associated with the level of many bioactive components, which provide nutritional and health benefits. Thus, the leaves and seeds were analyzed for their bioactive components and characterized for nutrient values using the procedures of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. \u0000The chemical analyses results showed that the leaf and the seed contained (g/100 g dry weight) moisture (8.11g, 9.53g), crude protein (26.69g, 14.48g), crude fiber (7.54, 15.73), crude fat (21.70, 6.29), ash (5.32, 3.69) and carbohydrate (30.64, 50.29), respectively. The leaves and seeds contained zinc (1.20, 0.60 mg/100 g), potassium (33.60, 30.30 mg/100 g) and iron (36.90, 12.90 mg/100g), respectively. The fatty acids profile revealed that the leaves and the seed oils contained a low level of saturated palmitic acid (3.01, 7.70 g/100g) and a high level of monounsaturated oleic acid (10.31, 27.90 g/100g) and polyunsaturated acids (11.63, 18.53 g/100g), respectively. \u0000It is established that the chemical compounds in the Calotropis procera seeds and leaves could be beneficial for therapeutic and dietary purposes. Thus, it can be accepted that the Calotropis procera plant may be used as medicine and food fortificants.","PeriodicalId":16959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75173974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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