In this paper, we examine the growth and decomposition trends of the area, production, and yield of the shrimp aquaculture sector in Odisha. We use annual time series data for the period 2010–11 to 2022–23, and with the help of exponential function, we evaluate growth rate and trend. CV and CDVI were used to analyze production instability. Minha’s decomposition model was used to evaluate the contributions of area and yield to change in farm production. Our findings show a commendably high compound growth rate of 11.55 per cent for area, 26.12 per cent for production, and 13.06 per cent for yield. The instability index, CV and CDVI of the area are low. The influence of the area, yield, and interaction effects accounted for 26.35 per cent, 22.18 per cent, and 51.47 per cent, respectively, of shrimp production. The analysis of decomposition and area effect stresses the need to understand shrimp production dynamics in Odisha. Monitoring land use patterns and markets and promoting research and innovation is not only securing sustainability, nutritional security, and employment but also the economic development of the state.
{"title":"Understanding the Sustainability and Growth Dynamics of Shrimp Aquaculture in Odisha, India: A Decomposition Approach","authors":"Pritam Tripathy, Swadesh Prakash, Sivaramane, N., Neha W. Qureshi, Arpita Sharma","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62025","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we examine the growth and decomposition trends of the area, production, and yield of the shrimp aquaculture sector in Odisha. We use annual time series data for the period 2010–11 to 2022–23, and with the help of exponential function, we evaluate growth rate and trend. CV and CDVI were used to analyze production instability. Minha’s decomposition model was used to evaluate the contributions of area and yield to change in farm production. Our findings show a commendably high compound growth rate of 11.55 per cent for area, 26.12 per cent for production, and 13.06 per cent for yield. The instability index, CV and CDVI of the area are low. The influence of the area, yield, and interaction effects accounted for 26.35 per cent, 22.18 per cent, and 51.47 per cent, respectively, of shrimp production. The analysis of decomposition and area effect stresses the need to understand shrimp production dynamics in Odisha. Monitoring land use patterns and markets and promoting research and innovation is not only securing sustainability, nutritional security, and employment but also the economic development of the state.","PeriodicalId":16985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62026
Kiranpreet Kaur, G. S. Chhina, Mandeep Kaur, Amritpal Kaur
During Kharif 2022, an experiment was conducted at Student’s Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab by using a split plot design with three replications of each of the 16 treatments. In comparison to control, main plots with seed inoculation with Bacillus subtilis and soil application of ZnSO4 @ 16.25 kg ha-1 (S3) showed significantly greater yield and quality parameters. In case of sub plot treatments, similar results were seen with foliar spray of ZnSO4 at 45 + 75 DAS (F3).
{"title":"Enhancing Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield and Zn Content with Zn Application through Seed, Soil and Foliar Methods","authors":"Kiranpreet Kaur, G. S. Chhina, Mandeep Kaur, Amritpal Kaur","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62026","url":null,"abstract":"During Kharif 2022, an experiment was conducted at Student’s Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab by using a split plot design with three replications of each of the 16 treatments. In comparison to control, main plots with seed inoculation with Bacillus subtilis and soil application of ZnSO4 @ 16.25 kg ha-1 (S3) showed significantly greater yield and quality parameters. In case of sub plot treatments, similar results were seen with foliar spray of ZnSO4 at 45 + 75 DAS (F3).","PeriodicalId":16985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"108 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140669797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62021
Navyashree, B. M., K. B. Vedamurthy, .. Vaishnavi, Venkataramana, M. N., Ujjwal, B.
Turmeric is an important commercial crop with both domestic and international demand facing challenges due to the absence of organized processing units at production centres. Addressing this gap requires a thorough analysis of the economic viability and financial feasibility of establishing turmeric processing units to empower stakeholders and foster agricultural advancement in the study area. The study was conducted in Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka, by collecting primary data on establishment and annual processing costs and secondary data on market prices of turmeric rhizome and powder. Financial feasibility analysis revealed positive Net Present Value (NPV) of ₹1,714.36 lakh and ₹623.56 lakh, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) of 2.37 and 1.76, Internal Rate of Returns (IRR) of 76 and 57 per cent at current and constant market prices, respectively. The findings showed that the establishment of turmeric processing units are both economically viable and financially feasible. Emphasizing this potential through extension systems can empower farmers to maximize benefits through mechanized value addition. These insights provide valuable guidance for entrepreneurs, Farmers Producers Organizations, Self Help Groups and cooperatives facilitating informed decisions on establishing small-scale turmeric processing units.
{"title":"Economic Viability and Financial Feasibility of Secondary Processing Unit of Turmeric in Chamarajanagar District of Karnataka, India","authors":"Navyashree, B. M., K. B. Vedamurthy, .. Vaishnavi, Venkataramana, M. N., Ujjwal, B.","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62021","url":null,"abstract":"Turmeric is an important commercial crop with both domestic and international demand facing challenges due to the absence of organized processing units at production centres. Addressing this gap requires a thorough analysis of the economic viability and financial feasibility of establishing turmeric processing units to empower stakeholders and foster agricultural advancement in the study area. The study was conducted in Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka, by collecting primary data on establishment and annual processing costs and secondary data on market prices of turmeric rhizome and powder. Financial feasibility analysis revealed positive Net Present Value (NPV) of ₹1,714.36 lakh and ₹623.56 lakh, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) of 2.37 and 1.76, Internal Rate of Returns (IRR) of 76 and 57 per cent at current and constant market prices, respectively. The findings showed that the establishment of turmeric processing units are both economically viable and financially feasible. Emphasizing this potential through extension systems can empower farmers to maximize benefits through mechanized value addition. These insights provide valuable guidance for entrepreneurs, Farmers Producers Organizations, Self Help Groups and cooperatives facilitating informed decisions on establishing small-scale turmeric processing units.","PeriodicalId":16985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"86 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140676837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62020
Shashikala Ruli, Ganeshagouda I. Patil, Kadli Veeresh, Goudappa S. B.
Protected cultivation is an important initiative for cultivating the high value horticultural crops especially during the off-season which enables the farming communities to generate higher revenues in the limited area. In this context, a study has been undertaken to find out the viability of the protected cultivation structures for the cultivation of horticulture crops of capsicum and tomato in the regions of Kalyana-Karnataka. The research study was conducted in the district of Koppal and Ballari in regions of Kalyana-Karnataka based on the existence of highest number of protected structures. The study was based on primary data through personal interview method of the farmers who have adopted protected cultivation technology. A sample of 60 farmers were drawn as respondents from each district based on their size and composition of the structures and also on the basis of crops grown under protected condition. The data collected from the farmers with respect to the cost and return of capsicum and tomato under protected cultivation were analysed using cost and returns analysis techniques. The results reported that, the net returns of capsicum and tomato crops in protected cultivation were Rs. 2,92,768 and Rs. 2,28,289 respectively in an area of of 1008 sqm and the B:C ratios of capsicum and tomato crops were reported as 1:3.40 and 1:2.89 respectively. Thus, the protected cultivation structures in the regions of Kalyana-Karnataka for the cultivation of tomato and capsicum crops were found as economically viable unit. Hence, effort may be needed from the farmers of this region with further government support for increasing the adoption of protected cultivation structures in the cultivation of high value horticultural crops like tomato and capsicum.
{"title":"Economics of Capsicum and Tomato Crops Production under Protected Cultivation in the Regions of Kalyana-Karnataka, India","authors":"Shashikala Ruli, Ganeshagouda I. Patil, Kadli Veeresh, Goudappa S. B.","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62020","url":null,"abstract":"Protected cultivation is an important initiative for cultivating the high value horticultural crops especially during the off-season which enables the farming communities to generate higher revenues in the limited area. In this context, a study has been undertaken to find out the viability of the protected cultivation structures for the cultivation of horticulture crops of capsicum and tomato in the regions of Kalyana-Karnataka. The research study was conducted in the district of Koppal and Ballari in regions of Kalyana-Karnataka based on the existence of highest number of protected structures. The study was based on primary data through personal interview method of the farmers who have adopted protected cultivation technology. A sample of 60 farmers were drawn as respondents from each district based on their size and composition of the structures and also on the basis of crops grown under protected condition. The data collected from the farmers with respect to the cost and return of capsicum and tomato under protected cultivation were analysed using cost and returns analysis techniques. The results reported that, the net returns of capsicum and tomato crops in protected cultivation were Rs. 2,92,768 and Rs. 2,28,289 respectively in an area of of 1008 sqm and the B:C ratios of capsicum and tomato crops were reported as 1:3.40 and 1:2.89 respectively. Thus, the protected cultivation structures in the regions of Kalyana-Karnataka for the cultivation of tomato and capsicum crops were found as economically viable unit. Hence, effort may be needed from the farmers of this region with further government support for increasing the adoption of protected cultivation structures in the cultivation of high value horticultural crops like tomato and capsicum. ","PeriodicalId":16985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"46 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140672837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62024
Bappayo Masu Gombe, Mustapha Mukhtar
The paper studies new corporate governance and the challenges of financial Leverage of privatised cement industry in Nigeria. The variables studied were leverage ratio as Performance proxy (dependent variables) and fourteen Corporate Governance proxies as independent variables. Data was collected from secondary sources, and the statistical tools employed in the Methodology were Trend Analysis and Pooled OLS regressions. Trend Analysis result suggests that;Devaluation, high cost of importation, insufficient power supply, bank strike, and deflation of global oil prices created capacity underutilization in cement industry and severe burden of financial leverage to sustain operational activities pre privatization. The result also, reveals that, the leverage ratio remarkably declined post privatization, however, the global financial crisis of 2009 inflicted high cost of production on the industry which necessitated increased leverage in order to cushion the effects on operational activities. Inferential Statistics Result suggests that corporate governance has positive and significant impact on the leverage ratio of the industry in general. The study concludes that, despite the challenges of unfavourable macroeconomic environment, the new corporate governance reduced the leverage ratio post privatisation and it has positive and significant impact on the financial leverage of the Cement Industry. The researcher recommends that Nigerian government should ensure favourable macroeconomic environment and improve private sector activities. Collectively, the new Corporate Governance of Cement Industry should strategize on how to; Increase Revenue, profitability, better management of inventory, and restructuring of debt to mitigate increased leverage.
{"title":"Corporate Governance and Challenges of Financial Leverage of Privatised Cement Industry in Nigeria","authors":"Bappayo Masu Gombe, Mustapha Mukhtar","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62024","url":null,"abstract":"The paper studies new corporate governance and the challenges of financial Leverage of privatised cement industry in Nigeria. The variables studied were leverage ratio as Performance proxy (dependent variables) and fourteen Corporate Governance proxies as independent variables. Data was collected from secondary sources, and the statistical tools employed in the Methodology were Trend Analysis and Pooled OLS regressions. Trend Analysis result suggests that;Devaluation, high cost of importation, insufficient power supply, bank strike, and deflation of global oil prices created capacity underutilization in cement industry and severe burden of financial leverage to sustain operational activities pre privatization. The result also, reveals that, the leverage ratio remarkably declined post privatization, however, the global financial crisis of 2009 inflicted high cost of production on the industry which necessitated increased leverage in order to cushion the effects on operational activities. Inferential Statistics Result suggests that corporate governance has positive and significant impact on the leverage ratio of the industry in general. The study concludes that, despite the challenges of unfavourable macroeconomic environment, the new corporate governance reduced the leverage ratio post privatisation and it has positive and significant impact on the financial leverage of the Cement Industry. The researcher recommends that Nigerian government should ensure favourable macroeconomic environment and improve private sector activities. Collectively, the new Corporate Governance of Cement Industry should strategize on how to; Increase Revenue, profitability, better management of inventory, and restructuring of debt to mitigate increased leverage.","PeriodicalId":16985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"38 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140674350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62023
C. Vaishnavi, S. Kammar, S. B. Goudappa, Vijaya B. Wali, P. B
.
.
{"title":"A Study on the Psychological Impact of Covid-19 on Farmers","authors":"C. Vaishnavi, S. Kammar, S. B. Goudappa, Vijaya B. Wali, P. B","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62023","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":16985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"41 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140675998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lilium sp. is cultivated worldwide and is one of the most important generators cut flower and pot plant. In terms of the production and marketing of its cut flowers on the global cut flower market, this genus is quite important economically. The majority of the monocot perennial species in the genus Lilium are vegetatively propagated and are among the most significant flower bulbs in terms of economic impact. They are native to Asia, Europe, and North America. Asiatic and Oriental hybrid lilies are the most important groups and are derived from interspecific crosses of the Sinomartagon and Archelirion sections, respectively. Seed, bulb division, bulb scales, stem bulblets, stem bulbils (in some species), and tissue culture are all methods of multiplying lilies. The primary means of propagating Lilium are bulbs. Six to eight weeks after the parent bulbs begin to produce flowers, the small bulbs are removed. In the north Indian environment, mid-September to mid-December is the ideal period to plant hybrid lilies. October through November is a good season to grow Asiatic lilies in the Northern Plains, whereas March through April is a good time to plant in the hills. After 90 to 120 days of sowing, flowers are ready for harvesting. Cutting the flowers in the morning is ideal. The flower stalk should be clipped 8–10 cm above the ground as soon as the first blossom begins to take on color.
{"title":"Lilium: A High-Value Cut Flower Production Guide for Lucrative Return","authors":"Prachurjya Samantaray, Aradhana Nayak, Itishree Pradhan, Akanshya Pattanaik, Reshma Sahoo, Sukirti Mohanty","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62022","url":null,"abstract":"Lilium sp. is cultivated worldwide and is one of the most important generators cut flower and pot plant. In terms of the production and marketing of its cut flowers on the global cut flower market, this genus is quite important economically. The majority of the monocot perennial species in the genus Lilium are vegetatively propagated and are among the most significant flower bulbs in terms of economic impact. They are native to Asia, Europe, and North America. Asiatic and Oriental hybrid lilies are the most important groups and are derived from interspecific crosses of the Sinomartagon and Archelirion sections, respectively. Seed, bulb division, bulb scales, stem bulblets, stem bulbils (in some species), and tissue culture are all methods of multiplying lilies. The primary means of propagating Lilium are bulbs. Six to eight weeks after the parent bulbs begin to produce flowers, the small bulbs are removed. In the north Indian environment, mid-September to mid-December is the ideal period to plant hybrid lilies. October through November is a good season to grow Asiatic lilies in the Northern Plains, whereas March through April is a good time to plant in the hills. After 90 to 120 days of sowing, flowers are ready for harvesting. Cutting the flowers in the morning is ideal. The flower stalk should be clipped 8–10 cm above the ground as soon as the first blossom begins to take on color.","PeriodicalId":16985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-20DOI: 10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62019
Sravan Kumar, K. Sridhar
Energy analysis (input-output) of Redgram production systems in Vikarabad district of Telangana State. Surveys conducted at the farms that cultivate Redgram in Vikarabad district, in the 2021. Sixty farms that produce Redgram were interviewed face to face. The results revealed that in Redgram production systems total energy input was 19289.61MJ/ha. The highest share of energy consumed was recorded for N fertilizer (78.29%) which is a nonrenewable resource. Output Energy was 11025 MJ/ha. Accordingly, energy efficiency(output input ratio) was 3.11, energy productivity calculated as 0.021 KgMJ-1 and specific energy was observed as 45.7 MJKg-1, agrochemical energy ratio was 0.82 % and energy intensiveness was 1.14.
{"title":"An Analysis of Energy Input and Output Dynamics in Redgram Production of Vikarabad District, Telangana, India","authors":"Sravan Kumar, K. Sridhar","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62019","url":null,"abstract":"Energy analysis (input-output) of Redgram production systems in Vikarabad district of Telangana State. Surveys conducted at the farms that cultivate Redgram in Vikarabad district, in the 2021. Sixty farms that produce Redgram were interviewed face to face. The results revealed that in Redgram production systems total energy input was 19289.61MJ/ha. The highest share of energy consumed was recorded for N fertilizer (78.29%) which is a nonrenewable resource. Output Energy was 11025 MJ/ha. Accordingly, energy efficiency(output input ratio) was 3.11, energy productivity calculated as 0.021 KgMJ-1 and specific energy was observed as 45.7 MJKg-1, agrochemical energy ratio was 0.82 % and energy intensiveness was 1.14.","PeriodicalId":16985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"120 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140680332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-20DOI: 10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62018
Venketesa Palanichamy N, Kalpana M
Groundwater is the major source of water for agriculture, domestic and industrial uses. Falling water table and depletion of economically accessible groundwater resources could have major social and economic consequences. Many are hailing groundwater transfer as the quickest, least cheapest, and most ecologically friendly answer to large cities' water supply and reliability problems. The water transfers generally focus on the purchase of water from willing sellers in agriculture to meet urban domestic and industrial water demand. The present study was undertaken mainly to study the pattern of groundwater use by the farmers and commercial sectors in Tirupur district. Out of the 180 farms selected for the study, 67.78 per cent of farms were water sellers and 32.22 per cent of farms were non-sellers. Among the three types of wells viz., open wells, open cum bore wells and bore wells; open wells formed the majority in all categories of farms. Whereas in all the farm categories of both the seller and non-seller groups, bore wells dominated the total number of wells owned by each of the farm categories. Bore wells dominated for more than 50 per cent of the total number of wells in large farms, whereas in case of small farms, bore and open-cum-bore wells have been shared equally. According to the farmers, bore wells were having more success rate than the open cum bore wells. The number of abandoned bore wells was also significantly higher in all categories of farms, since open wells were acted as a storage tank for storing the water extracted from bore wells. The percentage of failed bore wells to the total number of wells per farm had ranged from 41.89 per cent in large farms to 57.26 per cent in small farm group in seller category. The number of wells per farm among sellers was significantly higher whereas irrigated land per well was significantly lower. The present study was undertaken mainly to study the where groundwater transfer has been an increasing phenomenon over years resulting in pollution hazards and reduction in irrigated area.
{"title":"An Impact Study on the Pattern of Groundwater Use by Farmers and Commercial Sectors in Tirupur District, Textile City, India","authors":"Venketesa Palanichamy N, Kalpana M","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62018","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is the major source of water for agriculture, domestic and industrial uses. Falling water table and depletion of economically accessible groundwater resources could have major social and economic consequences. Many are hailing groundwater transfer as the quickest, least cheapest, and most ecologically friendly answer to large cities' water supply and reliability problems. The water transfers generally focus on the purchase of water from willing sellers in agriculture to meet urban domestic and industrial water demand. The present study was undertaken mainly to study the pattern of groundwater use by the farmers and commercial sectors in Tirupur district. Out of the 180 farms selected for the study, 67.78 per cent of farms were water sellers and 32.22 per cent of farms were non-sellers. Among the three types of wells viz., open wells, open cum bore wells and bore wells; open wells formed the majority in all categories of farms. Whereas in all the farm categories of both the seller and non-seller groups, bore wells dominated the total number of wells owned by each of the farm categories. Bore wells dominated for more than 50 per cent of the total number of wells in large farms, whereas in case of small farms, bore and open-cum-bore wells have been shared equally. According to the farmers, bore wells were having more success rate than the open cum bore wells. The number of abandoned bore wells was also significantly higher in all categories of farms, since open wells were acted as a storage tank for storing the water extracted from bore wells. The percentage of failed bore wells to the total number of wells per farm had ranged from 41.89 per cent in large farms to 57.26 per cent in small farm group in seller category. The number of wells per farm among sellers was significantly higher whereas irrigated land per well was significantly lower. The present study was undertaken mainly to study the where groundwater transfer has been an increasing phenomenon over years resulting in pollution hazards and reduction in irrigated area.","PeriodicalId":16985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"117 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140680484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enhancing nitrogen efficiency in lowland rice cultivation while mitigating environmental impacts is imperative. Traditional urea application methods lead to significant nitrogen losses. Urea briquettes offer a solution by gradually releasing nitrogen in the ammonium form, minimizing losses through leaching, volatilization, and denitrification. Field trials demonstrate their superiority over prilled urea, with higher yields and increased nitrogen uptake. Binding agents like neem and karanj oils enhance briquette strength, allowing for mechanical applicator use. Utilizing local industrial wastes as filler materials improves briquette quality. To address adoption barriers, National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack has developed and evaluated five mechanical applicators. These include continuous and non-continuous types, each designed for specific application scenarios. Extensive testing assessed their performance in terms of speed, capacity, and placement uniformity. The development of user-friendly, cost-effective applicators is a critical step towards wider adoption of urea briquettes. These innovations streamline the labor-intensive application process and cater to the needs of smallholder farmers. Future research should focus on refining applicator designs for varied soil conditions and crop stages. Additionally, optimizing briquette formulations based on local resources can further enhance efficiency and reduce costs. Overall, urea briquettes coupled with efficient applicators represent a promising approach for sustainable rice cultivation. By reducing nitrogen losses and improving efficiency, they contribute to higher yields and environmental preservation. Continued efforts in research, development, and promotion are essential to realize the full potential of this technology and ensure its widespread adoption among farmers.
{"title":"Accessing Role of Urea Briquettes Fertilizer for Enhancing Nitogen Use Efficiency and Crop Productivity","authors":"Hridesh Harsha Sarma, Akash Paul, Ayekpam Robertson, Shahin Shobnur, Sonam Lhamu, Anjali Taku","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62016","url":null,"abstract":"Enhancing nitrogen efficiency in lowland rice cultivation while mitigating environmental impacts is imperative. Traditional urea application methods lead to significant nitrogen losses. Urea briquettes offer a solution by gradually releasing nitrogen in the ammonium form, minimizing losses through leaching, volatilization, and denitrification. Field trials demonstrate their superiority over prilled urea, with higher yields and increased nitrogen uptake. Binding agents like neem and karanj oils enhance briquette strength, allowing for mechanical applicator use. Utilizing local industrial wastes as filler materials improves briquette quality. To address adoption barriers, National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack has developed and evaluated five mechanical applicators. These include continuous and non-continuous types, each designed for specific application scenarios. Extensive testing assessed their performance in terms of speed, capacity, and placement uniformity. The development of user-friendly, cost-effective applicators is a critical step towards wider adoption of urea briquettes. These innovations streamline the labor-intensive application process and cater to the needs of smallholder farmers. Future research should focus on refining applicator designs for varied soil conditions and crop stages. Additionally, optimizing briquette formulations based on local resources can further enhance efficiency and reduce costs. Overall, urea briquettes coupled with efficient applicators represent a promising approach for sustainable rice cultivation. By reducing nitrogen losses and improving efficiency, they contribute to higher yields and environmental preservation. Continued efforts in research, development, and promotion are essential to realize the full potential of this technology and ensure its widespread adoption among farmers.","PeriodicalId":16985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140684674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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