This study is aimed to explain the role of stress in prediction of marital satisfaction among married nurses occupied at Shahid Motahari Hospital, Jahrom, Iran. This research, in terms of nature and objectives, is an applied study and a correlation method is used to implement it. Statistical population of the study is consisted of all 210 nurses occupied at Shahid Motahari Hospital in Jahrom, in 2015-2016. The sample size is equal to 136 individuals who were selected using Morgan table. This sample was selected using simple random sampling method. Data were collected from two questionnaires including occupational stress (Wolfgang et al., 1988) and Enrich sexual satisfaction questionnaires (Olson et al., 1989). Data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using Pearson correlation and simultaneous regression analysis. According to the results, there is a significant and negative relationship between occupational stress and several subscales (e.g., workload, control, society, justice and value) with marital satisfaction. The findings also showed that occupational stress and workload, control, society and value subscales negatively predict marital satisfaction.
本研究旨在解释压力在预测伊朗贾罗姆沙希德·莫塔哈里医院已婚护士婚姻满意度中的作用。本研究在性质和目的上都属于应用性研究，并采用相关法进行研究。该研究的统计人群包括2015-2016年在贾罗姆Shahid Motahari医院工作的所有210名护士。样本量为136人，采用Morgan表选取。本样本采用简单随机抽样方法选取。数据收集自职业压力问卷(Wolfgang et al.， 1988)和性满意度问卷(Olson et al.， 1989)。问卷数据采用Pearson相关分析和同步回归分析。结果显示，职业压力与工作负荷、控制、社会、公正、价值等多个分量表对婚姻满意度均呈显著负相关。研究结果还显示，职业压力与工作量、控制、社会和价值分量表负向预测婚姻满意度。
{"title":"The Role of Occupational Stress in Prediction of Marital Satisfaction among Married Nurses Occupied at Shahid Motahari Hospital, Jahrom","authors":"M. S. Ghadam, Z. Ghaderi","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V5I2.279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V5I2.279","url":null,"abstract":"This study is aimed to explain the role of stress in prediction of marital satisfaction among married nurses occupied at Shahid Motahari Hospital, Jahrom, Iran. This research, in terms of nature and objectives, is an applied study and a correlation method is used to implement it. Statistical population of the study is consisted of all 210 nurses occupied at Shahid Motahari Hospital in Jahrom, in 2015-2016. The sample size is equal to 136 individuals who were selected using Morgan table. This sample was selected using simple random sampling method. Data were collected from two questionnaires including occupational stress (Wolfgang et al., 1988) and Enrich sexual satisfaction questionnaires (Olson et al., 1989). Data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using Pearson correlation and simultaneous regression analysis. According to the results, there is a significant and negative relationship between occupational stress and several subscales (e.g., workload, control, society, justice and value) with marital satisfaction. The findings also showed that occupational stress and workload, control, society and value subscales negatively predict marital satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41964512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A pleasing smile can be considered part of an attractive appearance and having “whiter" teeth is perceived as an integral part of achieving this. Tooth whitening is a conservative, relatively quick and inexpensive option that uses bleaching agents such as hydrogen peroxide at various concentrations that have been marketed for in-office and at home use. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 30% hydrogen peroxide on the nanomechanical properties and the protein content of enamel. The effect of bleaching with 30% hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes and 10% Carbamide peroxide for 8 hours on the mechanical properties of enamel was investigated. This was determined by measuring the hardness and the elastic modulus of twelve sound enamel samples using nanoindentation testing with a Brecovich tip at 250 mN and 25mN force, before and after bleaching. The microhardness tests showed no statistically significant difference in the mean values of the elastic modulus and the hardness of enamel samples following exposure to the bleaching agents. The results obtained from this study showed that bleaching sound enamel with a 30% hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes or 10% Carbamide peroxide for 8 hours does not affect the microhardness of enamel.
{"title":"Hydrogen Peroxide Tooth Whitening Agent Effect on the Nanomechanical Properties of Enamel","authors":"R. Mansouri, Nabil Khzam","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V5I2.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V5I2.285","url":null,"abstract":"A pleasing smile can be considered part of an attractive appearance and having “whiter\" teeth is perceived as an integral part of achieving this. Tooth whitening is a conservative, relatively quick and inexpensive option that uses bleaching agents such as hydrogen peroxide at various concentrations that have been marketed for in-office and at home use. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 30% hydrogen peroxide on the nanomechanical properties and the protein content of enamel. The effect of bleaching with 30% hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes and 10% Carbamide peroxide for 8 hours on the mechanical properties of enamel was investigated. This was determined by measuring the hardness and the elastic modulus of twelve sound enamel samples using nanoindentation testing with a Brecovich tip at 250 mN and 25mN force, before and after bleaching. The microhardness tests showed no statistically significant difference in the mean values of the elastic modulus and the hardness of enamel samples following exposure to the bleaching agents. The results obtained from this study showed that bleaching sound enamel with a 30% hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes or 10% Carbamide peroxide for 8 hours does not affect the microhardness of enamel.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43912650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Syndecan-1 (Sdc-1) is an important regulator of cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions. It is significantly involved in the carcinogenesis and tumor progression in many human malignancies. We immunohistochemically investigated Sdc-1 expression in cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in order to clarify, whether there is difference in the expression pattern related to tumor growth characteristics. The study group consisted of 46 BCCs cathegorized into non-infiltrative and infiltrative growth variants. Specific antibody against Sdc-1 (clone MI15) was used for staining. There were 4 cases (8.7%) with preserved and 40 cases (87%) with reduced epithelial Sdc-1 expression, of which 20 cases were slightly and 20 cases severely reduced. Two BCCs (4.3%) showed a completely negative staining. Further, there were 13 BCCs (28.3%) with focal immunoreactivity in adjacent peritumorous stroma, a ll of which manifested infiltrative growth feature. We did not confirm a significant association between the expression of Sdc-1 in tumor tissue and both, non-infiltrative and infiltrative BCC variants. However, there was a significant association between the stromal immunoreactivity for Sdc-1 and infiltrative growth pattern of tumor. Sdc-1 expression was commonly reduced in neoplastic epithelial BCC tissue regardless of histologic subtypes. It did not clearly appear to be associated with tumor invasiveness. However, immunoreactivity in adjacent peritumorous stroma was found only in BCCs with infiltrative growth pattern, most of which showed apparent loss of Sdc-1 in epithelial cancer tissue. This immunostaining pattern could be a sign of more aggressive biologic behaviour of BCC.
{"title":"Epithelial and Stromal Expression of Syndecan-1 (CD138) in Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma","authors":"V. Bartoš, M. Kullová","doi":"10.24896/jrmds.v5i2.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/jrmds.v5i2.249","url":null,"abstract":"Syndecan-1 (Sdc-1) is an important regulator of cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions. It is significantly involved in the carcinogenesis and tumor progression in many human malignancies. We immunohistochemically investigated Sdc-1 expression in cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in order to clarify, whether there is difference in the expression pattern related to tumor growth characteristics. The study group consisted of 46 BCCs cathegorized into non-infiltrative and infiltrative growth variants. Specific antibody against Sdc-1 (clone MI15) was used for staining. There were 4 cases (8.7%) with preserved and 40 cases (87%) with reduced epithelial Sdc-1 expression, of which 20 cases were slightly and 20 cases severely reduced. Two BCCs (4.3%) showed a completely negative staining. Further, there were 13 BCCs (28.3%) with focal immunoreactivity in adjacent peritumorous stroma, a ll of which manifested infiltrative growth feature. We did not confirm a significant association between the expression of Sdc-1 in tumor tissue and both, non-infiltrative and infiltrative BCC variants. However, there was a significant association between the stromal immunoreactivity for Sdc-1 and infiltrative growth pattern of tumor. Sdc-1 expression was commonly reduced in neoplastic epithelial BCC tissue regardless of histologic subtypes. It did not clearly appear to be associated with tumor invasiveness. However, immunoreactivity in adjacent peritumorous stroma was found only in BCCs with infiltrative growth pattern, most of which showed apparent loss of Sdc-1 in epithelial cancer tissue. This immunostaining pattern could be a sign of more aggressive biologic behaviour of BCC.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47232431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Shafiee, M. Karandish, A. Hadianfard, M. Eftekhari, M. Haghighizadeh
Malnutrition is still one of the most common and important problems in hospitals, and caused an increased incidence of adverse events and mortality in hospitalized patients. Since there is no standard instrument as a gold standard method for diagnosis of risk of malnutrition, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of each of instruments provided for study on nutritional status in diagnosing patients with malnutrition and risk of malnutrition on admission. This study is a cross-sectional study, examined nutritional status of 280 patients randomly from different parts of the hospitals within 24-72 first hours of admission via Subjective global assessment (SGA) and full nutrition assessment (FNA). In this study, the sensitivity and positive and negative predictive value of SGA compared with FNA as the gold standard were calculated. The sample group consisted of 280 patients (140 females, 140 males) with an average age of 55.384 and an average BMI (22.17). In this study, the prevalence of malnutrition depends on the type of used instrument and varies between 41.4 to 49.9%. SGA has reported prevalence to 49.9 and FNA has reported prevalence to 41.1. The prevalence of malnutrition in people over age 65 are significantly higher than people under 65 years; further sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value in SGA instrument equal to 82.75, 73.17, 68.57, 85.71, respectively. According to the present study, the prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients has been extensive, and laboratory and anthropometric parameters have been compared. The ability of SGA instrument has been proper in diagnosis of the patients with malnutrition and trust on malnutrition diagnosis has been relatively proper in the patients who have been diagnosed as the people with malnutrition regarding SGA test.
{"title":"Determining the ability of Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) to diagnosis risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients","authors":"F. Shafiee, M. Karandish, A. Hadianfard, M. Eftekhari, M. Haghighizadeh","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V5I2.280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V5I2.280","url":null,"abstract":"Malnutrition is still one of the most common and important problems in hospitals, and caused an increased incidence of adverse events and mortality in hospitalized patients. Since there is no standard instrument as a gold standard method for diagnosis of risk of malnutrition, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of each of instruments provided for study on nutritional status in diagnosing patients with malnutrition and risk of malnutrition on admission. This study is a cross-sectional study, examined nutritional status of 280 patients randomly from different parts of the hospitals within 24-72 first hours of admission via Subjective global assessment (SGA) and full nutrition assessment (FNA). In this study, the sensitivity and positive and negative predictive value of SGA compared with FNA as the gold standard were calculated. The sample group consisted of 280 patients (140 females, 140 males) with an average age of 55.384 and an average BMI (22.17). In this study, the prevalence of malnutrition depends on the type of used instrument and varies between 41.4 to 49.9%. SGA has reported prevalence to 49.9 and FNA has reported prevalence to 41.1. The prevalence of malnutrition in people over age 65 are significantly higher than people under 65 years; further sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value in SGA instrument equal to 82.75, 73.17, 68.57, 85.71, respectively. According to the present study, the prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients has been extensive, and laboratory and anthropometric parameters have been compared. The ability of SGA instrument has been proper in diagnosis of the patients with malnutrition and trust on malnutrition diagnosis has been relatively proper in the patients who have been diagnosed as the people with malnutrition regarding SGA test.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49002857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim of the present study was to compare the ADRs in patients taking antitubercular treatment under RNTCP regimen between intermittent treatment & daily therapy and to know the impact of ADRs on outcome of treatment in patients. 100 patients having pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the study who were taking the treatment nof tuberculosis as per criteria, guidelines and various regimens of RNTCP. They were observed in DOTS group (group 1, intermittent) and in the group receiving treatment on OPD basis (group 2, daily treatment) for various ADRs and relevant findings were recorded during each clinical visit of the patients. The impact of ADRs on outcome of treatment was seen in the form of cured, relapsed, treatment failure, defaulted and alteration in therapy. 39 patients developed 1 or more ADRs out of 100 patients. The incidence of ADRs was more in group 2 (27, 54%) as compared to group 1(12, 24%) (p<0.01). Out of patients in group 1with ADRs & without ADRs , cure occurred in 25% & 81.57%, defaulters were 33.33% & 2.63%, failure of treatment occurred in 8.33% & 2.63%, relapse occurred in 8.33% & 13.15%, alteration of therapy required in 25% & 0% respectively (p<0.05). Out of patients in group 2 with ADRs & without ADRs , cure occurred in 55.55% & 91.3%, defaulters were 22.22% & 4.34%, failure of treatment occurred in 3.7% & 0%, relapseoccurred in 11.11% & 4.34%, alteration of therapy required in 7.4% & 0% respectively (p<0.05). ADRs in daily treatment group (group 2) are significantly more as compared to intermittent group (group 1). Patients without ADRs have significantly better outcome as compared to patients with ADRs in both the groups Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis, daily, intermittent, adverse drug reaction, impact, outcome
{"title":"Comparison of adverse drug reactions of antitubercular drugs in category 1 tuberculosis patients between daily and intermittent regimen and its impact on outcome","authors":"Abhijeet Singh, K. Sayedda, Q. S. Ahmed","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.238","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the present study was to compare the ADRs in patients taking antitubercular treatment under RNTCP regimen between intermittent treatment & daily therapy and to know the impact of ADRs on outcome of treatment in patients. 100 patients having pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the study who were taking the treatment nof tuberculosis as per criteria, guidelines and various regimens of RNTCP. They were observed in DOTS group (group 1, intermittent) and in the group receiving treatment on OPD basis (group 2, daily treatment) for various ADRs and relevant findings were recorded during each clinical visit of the patients. The impact of ADRs on outcome of treatment was seen in the form of cured, relapsed, treatment failure, defaulted and alteration in therapy. 39 patients developed 1 or more ADRs out of 100 patients. The incidence of ADRs was more in group 2 (27, 54%) as compared to group 1(12, 24%) (p<0.01). Out of patients in group 1with ADRs & without ADRs , cure occurred in 25% & 81.57%, defaulters were 33.33% & 2.63%, failure of treatment occurred in 8.33% & 2.63%, relapse occurred in 8.33% & 13.15%, alteration of therapy required in 25% & 0% respectively (p<0.05). Out of patients in group 2 with ADRs & without ADRs , cure occurred in 55.55% & 91.3%, defaulters were 22.22% & 4.34%, failure of treatment occurred in 3.7% & 0%, relapseoccurred in 11.11% & 4.34%, alteration of therapy required in 7.4% & 0% respectively (p<0.05). ADRs in daily treatment group (group 2) are significantly more as compared to intermittent group (group 1). Patients without ADRs have significantly better outcome as compared to patients with ADRs in both the groups Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis, daily, intermittent, adverse drug reaction, impact, outcome","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45833499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Ebrahimi, H. Hasankhani, H. Namdar, E. Khodadadi, M. Fooladi
Family members are often the primary healthcare providers and support for patients with a chronic disease such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Families endure and encounter long term difficulties when caring for a person suffering from MS. This study was conducted to explain the family experiences with multiple sclerosis and their problem and concerns.In a qualitative research, based on conventional content analysis, 18 family caregivers of patients with MS were selected by using purposive sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews conducted at the Multiple Sclerosis Society and hospitals of Tabriz in Iran from May to December of 2015. Data were analyzed according to qualitative content analysis by using the MAXQDA.10 software. Interviews identified three main categories regarding family caregiver experiences with MS: 1) disease onset crisis, 2) disease burden, and 3) living in the shadow of death. The results showed that family caregivers of MS patients face numerous problems and they are at risk for depression and a lower quality of life due to disease burden. Also the results revealed the main concerns of families are financial problems and fear of paralysis and patient be crippled. Healthcare providers can use these results to better support and care for patients and their family members in order to improve their quality of life and reduce disease complications. Keyword: Multiple Sclerosis; Family Caregivers; Chronic illness; Disease Burden; Qualitative Research.
{"title":"Impacts of chronic illness on families: Experiences of Iranian family of patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Qualitative Study","authors":"H. Ebrahimi, H. Hasankhani, H. Namdar, E. Khodadadi, M. Fooladi","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.239","url":null,"abstract":"Family members are often the primary healthcare providers and support for patients with a chronic disease such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Families endure and encounter long term difficulties when caring for a person suffering from MS. This study was conducted to explain the family experiences with multiple sclerosis and their problem and concerns.In a qualitative research, based on conventional content analysis, 18 family caregivers of patients with MS were selected by using purposive sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews conducted at the Multiple Sclerosis Society and hospitals of Tabriz in Iran from May to December of 2015. Data were analyzed according to qualitative content analysis by using the MAXQDA.10 software. Interviews identified three main categories regarding family caregiver experiences with MS: 1) disease onset crisis, 2) disease burden, and 3) living in the shadow of death. The results showed that family caregivers of MS patients face numerous problems and they are at risk for depression and a lower quality of life due to disease burden. Also the results revealed the main concerns of families are financial problems and fear of paralysis and patient be crippled. Healthcare providers can use these results to better support and care for patients and their family members in order to improve their quality of life and reduce disease complications. Keyword: Multiple Sclerosis; Family Caregivers; Chronic illness; Disease Burden; Qualitative Research.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47490115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Heidarzadeh, Davood Ramezani Nezhad, A. Movahedian, M. Sayyah
Asthma is the most common chronic childhood disease, and many of its risk factors have been identified. Although various studieson the link between vitamin D and asthma have been conducted, the role of vitamin D in the onset of asthma as an environmental health problem has not been well identified. This study aims to investigate the link between serum vitamin D level and asthma in children in Kashan, Iran. This case-control study was conducted on the asthmatic (n=99) and non-asthmatic (n=99) children. Asthma was monitored and examined using spirometry and by an allergy and asthma specialist. The patients were divided into three groups (mild, moderate, or severe) in terms of asthma severity. The age-matched children in the control group were selected from among non-asthmatic children. Serum vitamin D level was measured using radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique. The mean serum vitamin D level of asthmatic children and the children in the control group was 14.76±14.19 ng/ml and 30.47±9.7 ng/ml, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean serum vitamin D level of the children with mild, moderate, and severe asthma was 17.6±14.2 ng/ml, 14.6±6.99 ng/ml, and 11.9±4.6 ng/ml, respectively, which was significantly less than the control group (p <0.001). Serum vitamin D levels were not significantly different in terms of asthma severity. The results of this study showed that serum vitamin D level in asthmatic children is significantly less than in non-asthmatic children. Keywords: vitamin D, Asthma, environmental health
{"title":"The role of vitamin D deficiency in environmental health and childhood asthma","authors":"M. Heidarzadeh, Davood Ramezani Nezhad, A. Movahedian, M. Sayyah","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.237","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma is the most common chronic childhood disease, and many of its risk factors have been identified. Although various studieson the link between vitamin D and asthma have been conducted, the role of vitamin D in the onset of asthma as an environmental health problem has not been well identified. This study aims to investigate the link between serum vitamin D level and asthma in children in Kashan, Iran. This case-control study was conducted on the asthmatic (n=99) and non-asthmatic (n=99) children. Asthma was monitored and examined using spirometry and by an allergy and asthma specialist. The patients were divided into three groups (mild, moderate, or severe) in terms of asthma severity. The age-matched children in the control group were selected from among non-asthmatic children. Serum vitamin D level was measured using radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique. The mean serum vitamin D level of asthmatic children and the children in the control group was 14.76±14.19 ng/ml and 30.47±9.7 ng/ml, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean serum vitamin D level of the children with mild, moderate, and severe asthma was 17.6±14.2 ng/ml, 14.6±6.99 ng/ml, and 11.9±4.6 ng/ml, respectively, which was significantly less than the control group (p <0.001). Serum vitamin D levels were not significantly different in terms of asthma severity. The results of this study showed that serum vitamin D level in asthmatic children is significantly less than in non-asthmatic children. Keywords: vitamin D, Asthma, environmental health","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44845752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Hemmasian Etefagh, A. Jamshidi, Afsaneh Nickjoo
The main objective of study was to investigate the effect of backward walking on balance in healthy athletic high school girls. Thirty athletic high school girls were selected with mean age 16.4±0.50 and mean weight of 59.4±12.5 and mean height 1.61±0.05. The participants attended backward walking training sessions 3 times a week for period of 6 weeks. Prior and middle and after training pretest and post-test of semi dynamic balance and dynamic balance were administered using Modified Romberg and Y test. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test (p<0.05). Results showed that backward walking would have significant impact on semi dynamic and dynamic balance (p≤0.000). Due to its positive impact on balance of athletic girls, backward walking training can be used as a complementary training program to increase their efficiency and prevention of injuries. Keywords: Backward walking, Semi dynamic Balance, Dynamic Balance, Proprioception
{"title":"Walking Backwards Improves High School Female Athletes' Balance","authors":"Fatemeh Hemmasian Etefagh, A. Jamshidi, Afsaneh Nickjoo","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.245","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of study was to investigate the effect of backward walking on balance in healthy athletic high school girls. Thirty athletic high school girls were selected with mean age 16.4±0.50 and mean weight of 59.4±12.5 and mean height 1.61±0.05. The participants attended backward walking training sessions 3 times a week for period of 6 weeks. Prior and middle and after training pretest and post-test of semi dynamic balance and dynamic balance were administered using Modified Romberg and Y test. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test (p<0.05). Results showed that backward walking would have significant impact on semi dynamic and dynamic balance (p≤0.000). Due to its positive impact on balance of athletic girls, backward walking training can be used as a complementary training program to increase their efficiency and prevention of injuries. Keywords: Backward walking, Semi dynamic Balance, Dynamic Balance, Proprioception","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45273294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renal failure is a serious disease and pandemic health challenge, and its development to end-stage renal failure can be delayed or prevent by early diagnosis. Serum markers for detecting early renal impairment include creatinine, cystatin C, b-microglobulin and others. To assess the potential role of serum markers for early detection of renal impairment (RI) in Hail population, Saudi Arabia. Serum levels of cystatin C, creatinine and other factors were measured in 135 renal failure patients and 150 controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the utility of biomarkers for early diagnosing renal impairment (RI).The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for serum cystatin C (Cys C) (0.946) was significantly higher than that of creatinine (0.907, p = 0.048), which indicates Cys C to be a better biomarker for early detection of RI compared to the commonly used serum creatinine. However, serum creatinine was found to be superior to urea (AUC = 0.727, p < 0.01) and uric acid (AUC = 0.619, p < 0.01).When serum Cys C and serum creatinine were simultaneously considered i.e. each marker was positive, the sensitivities were 98.4%, 98.6% and 98.5% for males, females and total patient group, respectively. The specificity and positive predictive value increased to 100% for all mentioned situations. Taking together, the study demonstrated that serum cystatin C is a valuable marker for early detection of renal impairment in males, nevertheless it is more valuable when analyzed with serum creatinine. Key words: Cystatin C, creatine, ROC, renal impairment, early detection.
{"title":"Early Detection of Renal Impairment by Biomarkers Serum Cystatin C and Creatinine in Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Alaraj, Nasim Alaraj, T. Hussein","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.244","url":null,"abstract":"Renal failure is a serious disease and pandemic health challenge, and its development to end-stage renal failure can be delayed or prevent by early diagnosis. Serum markers for detecting early renal impairment include creatinine, cystatin C, b-microglobulin and others. To assess the potential role of serum markers for early detection of renal impairment (RI) in Hail population, Saudi Arabia. Serum levels of cystatin C, creatinine and other factors were measured in 135 renal failure patients and 150 controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the utility of biomarkers for early diagnosing renal impairment (RI).The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for serum cystatin C (Cys C) (0.946) was significantly higher than that of creatinine (0.907, p = 0.048), which indicates Cys C to be a better biomarker for early detection of RI compared to the commonly used serum creatinine. However, serum creatinine was found to be superior to urea (AUC = 0.727, p < 0.01) and uric acid (AUC = 0.619, p < 0.01).When serum Cys C and serum creatinine were simultaneously considered i.e. each marker was positive, the sensitivities were 98.4%, 98.6% and 98.5% for males, females and total patient group, respectively. The specificity and positive predictive value increased to 100% for all mentioned situations. Taking together, the study demonstrated that serum cystatin C is a valuable marker for early detection of renal impairment in males, nevertheless it is more valuable when analyzed with serum creatinine. Key words: Cystatin C, creatine, ROC, renal impairment, early detection.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43004595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Movahedian, M. Heidarzadeh, Z. Mosayebi, Z. Soleimani, M. Sayyah, Jamshid Kadkhodaii
Congenital heart diseases are described as structural abnormalities of the heart and large vessels which are very important in the heart function and are differently prevalent in many societies. Few studies have been carried out on the prevalence of the congenital heart diseases and the condition of such patients within the first year of their life. In this investigation, the frequency of the neonates suffered from congenital heart diseases and the necessity to do interventional treatment within the first year after their birth have been studied. Methods: In this cohort study, all infants born in 2014 in Kashan city are examined for possible congenital heart diseases through physical and paraclinical examinations. The infants suffering from congenital heart disease were followed up for the necessity of interventional treatment during their first year of life. Findings: The frequency of the congenital heart disease was 1.09 percent. Valvular abnormalities and tetralogy of fallout with 23.1 and 21.8 percent respectively, were the most common congenital heart diseases. Among 78 patients, only 16 infants (20.5%) required early interventional treatment during the first year. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that congenital cardiac diseases are rarely common. Tetralogy of fallout as well as valvular defect was mostly common abnormality that needs early interventional treatments.
{"title":"Congenital Heart Disease: Frequency and the Need for Intervention on the First Year of Birth","authors":"A. Movahedian, M. Heidarzadeh, Z. Mosayebi, Z. Soleimani, M. Sayyah, Jamshid Kadkhodaii","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V5I1.243","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital heart diseases are described as structural abnormalities of the heart and large vessels which are very important in the heart function and are differently prevalent in many societies. Few studies have been carried out on the prevalence of the congenital heart diseases and the condition of such patients within the first year of their life. In this investigation, the frequency of the neonates suffered from congenital heart diseases and the necessity to do interventional treatment within the first year after their birth have been studied. Methods: In this cohort study, all infants born in 2014 in Kashan city are examined for possible congenital heart diseases through physical and paraclinical examinations. The infants suffering from congenital heart disease were followed up for the necessity of interventional treatment during their first year of life. Findings: The frequency of the congenital heart disease was 1.09 percent. Valvular abnormalities and tetralogy of fallout with 23.1 and 21.8 percent respectively, were the most common congenital heart diseases. Among 78 patients, only 16 infants (20.5%) required early interventional treatment during the first year. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that congenital cardiac diseases are rarely common. Tetralogy of fallout as well as valvular defect was mostly common abnormality that needs early interventional treatments.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49590818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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