Pub Date : 2015-03-13DOI: 10.5220/0005325901330139
G. Pereira, Lars Pilgaard Mikkelsen, M. McGugan
This article presents a novel method to assess a crack growing/damage event in fibre reinforced plastic, or adhesive using Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors embedded in a host material. Different features of the crack mechanism that induce a change in the FBG response were identified. Double Cantilever Beams specimens made with glass fibre glued with structural adhesive, were instrumented with an array of FBG sensors embedded in the material and tested using an experimental fracture procedure. A digital image correlation technique was used to determine the presence of the specific phenomena caused by the crack, and to correlate with the FBG sensor. A Material-Sensor model was developed in order to predict the sensor output response under a crack/delamination situation, which can be used as an analysis tool for future application of this measurement technology in more complex structures.
{"title":"Crack growth monitoring by embedded optical Fibre Bragg Grating sensors: Fibre reinforced plastic crack growing detection","authors":"G. Pereira, Lars Pilgaard Mikkelsen, M. McGugan","doi":"10.5220/0005325901330139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005325901330139","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a novel method to assess a crack growing/damage event in fibre reinforced plastic, or adhesive using Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors embedded in a host material. Different features of the crack mechanism that induce a change in the FBG response were identified. Double Cantilever Beams specimens made with glass fibre glued with structural adhesive, were instrumented with an array of FBG sensors embedded in the material and tested using an experimental fracture procedure. A digital image correlation technique was used to determine the presence of the specific phenomena caused by the crack, and to correlate with the FBG sensor. A Material-Sensor model was developed in order to predict the sensor output response under a crack/delamination situation, which can be used as an analysis tool for future application of this measurement technology in more complex structures.","PeriodicalId":170064,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology (PHOTOPTICS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115928213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-13DOI: 10.5220/0005404001340139
I. Voynarovych, R. Poehlmann, S. Schroeter, M. Vlcek
Direct laser writing with a continuous-wave high intensity and over-band gap laser is applied to realize surface relief optical elements in ternary As-S-Se and Ge-As-S thin chalcogenide films. The topology of created structures in dependence on the experimental conditions is investigated. Analyses indicate that the formation mechanisms of the surface patterns are thermally induced processes generated by the local heating and involve thermoplastic deformation, mass flow induced by the surface tension gradient and evaporation. Diffractive gratings with a period of 2.56 µm, depths of up to 100 nm, and different periodic surface structures were patterned at the surface of 1 µm thick films. The spectral dependencies of diffraction efficiency were measured and discussed.
{"title":"Fabrication of surface relief optical elements in ternary chalcogenide thin films by direct laser writing","authors":"I. Voynarovych, R. Poehlmann, S. Schroeter, M. Vlcek","doi":"10.5220/0005404001340139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005404001340139","url":null,"abstract":"Direct laser writing with a continuous-wave high intensity and over-band gap laser is applied to realize surface relief optical elements in ternary As-S-Se and Ge-As-S thin chalcogenide films. The topology of created structures in dependence on the experimental conditions is investigated. Analyses indicate that the formation mechanisms of the surface patterns are thermally induced processes generated by the local heating and involve thermoplastic deformation, mass flow induced by the surface tension gradient and evaporation. Diffractive gratings with a period of 2.56 µm, depths of up to 100 nm, and different periodic surface structures were patterned at the surface of 1 µm thick films. The spectral dependencies of diffraction efficiency were measured and discussed.","PeriodicalId":170064,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology (PHOTOPTICS)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128651361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-13DOI: 10.5220/0005259500600068
D. Hill
For ring resonator based sensors, volumetric limits of detection (LoD) of 5×10−6 RIU and 8.3×10−6 RIU (refractive index units) for sensitivities of 246nm/RIU and 2169nm/RIU were reported from FP6 SABIO (at 1.31µm) and FP7 InTopSens (at 1.55µm) respectively. These compare well to the state of art of 7.6×10−7 RIU for a sensitivity of 163 nm/RIU, as does the porous alumina based membrane sensors in FP7 Positive with their LoD of 5×10−6 RIU. More interestingly for the membrane sensors, the standard deviation of their measured values was below 5% and their flow through design with lateral distances to the sensor surface less than a diffusion length permit fast response times, short assay times and the use of small sample volumes (< 100 µl). For protein binding recognition, within SABIO a surface LoD of 0.9 pg/mm2 for anti-BSA on a gluteraldehyde-covered surface was recorded, corresponding to a 125ng/ml anti-BSA solution, whilst in InTopSens 5pg/mm2 and 10ng/ml for biotin on a streptavidin coated surface was seen. For an assay of β-lactoglobulin - anti-β-lactoglobulin - anti-rabbit-IgG - streptavidin conjugated CdSe quantum dots the Positive sensors demonstrated a noise floor for individual measurements of 3.7ng/ml (25pM) for total assay times of under one hour.
{"title":"Nanophotonic biosensors within lab on chip optical systems","authors":"D. Hill","doi":"10.5220/0005259500600068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005259500600068","url":null,"abstract":"For ring resonator based sensors, volumetric limits of detection (LoD) of 5×10<sup>−6</sup> RIU and 8.3×10<sup>−6</sup> RIU (refractive index units) for sensitivities of 246nm/RIU and 2169nm/RIU were reported from FP6 SABIO (at 1.31µm) and FP7 InTopSens (at 1.55µm) respectively. These compare well to the state of art of 7.6×10<sup>−7</sup> RIU for a sensitivity of 163 nm/RIU, as does the porous alumina based membrane sensors in FP7 Positive with their LoD of 5×10<sup>−6</sup> RIU. More interestingly for the membrane sensors, the standard deviation of their measured values was below 5% and their flow through design with lateral distances to the sensor surface less than a diffusion length permit fast response times, short assay times and the use of small sample volumes (< 100 µl). For protein binding recognition, within SABIO a surface LoD of 0.9 pg/mm<sup>2</sup> for anti-BSA on a gluteraldehyde-covered surface was recorded, corresponding to a 125ng/ml anti-BSA solution, whilst in InTopSens 5pg/mm<sup>2</sup> and 10ng/ml for biotin on a streptavidin coated surface was seen. For an assay of β-lactoglobulin - anti-β-lactoglobulin - anti-rabbit-IgG - streptavidin conjugated CdSe quantum dots the Positive sensors demonstrated a noise floor for individual measurements of 3.7ng/ml (25pM) for total assay times of under one hour.","PeriodicalId":170064,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology (PHOTOPTICS)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122282796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-13DOI: 10.5220/0005332500130019
Xiaoyong Chen, P. R. Horche
Differential phase shift keying (DPSK) signal has been shown as a robust solution for next-generation optical transmission systems. One key device enabling such systems is the delay interferometer, converting a phase signal into an intensity modulated signal to be detected by a photodiode. Usually, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is used for DPSK signals demodulation. In this work, we develop an alternative all-fiber MZI, which is based on a graded-index multimode fiber (MMF) mismatch spliced between two single-mode fibers. Interferometer performance is analyzed through both theory and experiment. Experimental results of transmission spectrums show that interference extinction ratio as high as 18 dB is obtained. Finally, we demonstrate, through simulation, that our proposed all-fiber MZI can be used for DPSK signals demodulation. Receiver sensitivity of -22.5 dBm at a bit error rate of 10-15 is obtained in the simulation for detecting a 40 Gbps DPSK signal, which is 1.3±0.2 dB penalty compared to the conventional receiver.
{"title":"DPSK signals demodulation based on a graded-index multimode fiber mismatch spliced between two single-mode fibers","authors":"Xiaoyong Chen, P. R. Horche","doi":"10.5220/0005332500130019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005332500130019","url":null,"abstract":"Differential phase shift keying (DPSK) signal has been shown as a robust solution for next-generation optical transmission systems. One key device enabling such systems is the delay interferometer, converting a phase signal into an intensity modulated signal to be detected by a photodiode. Usually, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is used for DPSK signals demodulation. In this work, we develop an alternative all-fiber MZI, which is based on a graded-index multimode fiber (MMF) mismatch spliced between two single-mode fibers. Interferometer performance is analyzed through both theory and experiment. Experimental results of transmission spectrums show that interference extinction ratio as high as 18 dB is obtained. Finally, we demonstrate, through simulation, that our proposed all-fiber MZI can be used for DPSK signals demodulation. Receiver sensitivity of -22.5 dBm at a bit error rate of 10-15 is obtained in the simulation for detecting a 40 Gbps DPSK signal, which is 1.3±0.2 dB penalty compared to the conventional receiver.","PeriodicalId":170064,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology (PHOTOPTICS)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128018506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-13DOI: 10.5220/0005290600730076
Xiaoying Wei, He-ming Chen, Wen Zhou
Terahertz (THz) communication has important applications in high-speed and ultra-broadband wireless access networks. THz filter is one of the key device of WDM communications. THz filter based on ring cavity photonic crystal (TFRCPC) has many advantages such as simple structure, high integration and high flexibility. According to the coupling characteristics of waveguide and ring cavity, a novel structure of TFRCPC was proposed in this paper, the TFRCPC consists of 4×3 internal dielectric cylinder with four scattering dielectric cylinder. The influence of structure parameters of TFRCPC is mainly studied. The simulation results show that, on the basis of basal material of Si and lattice constant of 30µm, when the radius of dielectric cylinder is 5.7368µm, the radius of 4×3 internal dielectric cylinder is 3.5µm, the radius of scattering dielectric cylinder is 5µm, the wave at 83.535µm wavelength can go through the structure with the transmittance of 0.97674.
{"title":"The influence of structure parameters on terahertz wave filter based on photonic crystal ring cavity","authors":"Xiaoying Wei, He-ming Chen, Wen Zhou","doi":"10.5220/0005290600730076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005290600730076","url":null,"abstract":"Terahertz (THz) communication has important applications in high-speed and ultra-broadband wireless access networks. THz filter is one of the key device of WDM communications. THz filter based on ring cavity photonic crystal (TFRCPC) has many advantages such as simple structure, high integration and high flexibility. According to the coupling characteristics of waveguide and ring cavity, a novel structure of TFRCPC was proposed in this paper, the TFRCPC consists of 4×3 internal dielectric cylinder with four scattering dielectric cylinder. The influence of structure parameters of TFRCPC is mainly studied. The simulation results show that, on the basis of basal material of Si and lattice constant of 30µm, when the radius of dielectric cylinder is 5.7368µm, the radius of 4×3 internal dielectric cylinder is 3.5µm, the radius of scattering dielectric cylinder is 5µm, the wave at 83.535µm wavelength can go through the structure with the transmittance of 0.97674.","PeriodicalId":170064,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology (PHOTOPTICS)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130198449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-13DOI: 10.5220/0005249300410046
A. Haider, S. Sengupta, K. M. Abedin
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and low energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometer, were used to determine the line intensity and concentration ratios of the major impurities (Cu and Ag) with respect to Au in gold ornaments with different caratage. Calibration curves were drawn with the data sets, obtained from LIBS and XRF, and from these calibration curves the unknown caratage of gold ornaments were obtained by using the line intensity of elements determined by LIBS. We have demonstrated the accuracy of this method by comparing the result with the carat value obtained by typical XRF method. This is yet another novel application of LIBS as a versatile analytic technique.
{"title":"A quick method to determine the impurity content in gold ornaments by LIBS technique","authors":"A. Haider, S. Sengupta, K. M. Abedin","doi":"10.5220/0005249300410046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005249300410046","url":null,"abstract":"Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and low energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometer, were used to determine the line intensity and concentration ratios of the major impurities (Cu and Ag) with respect to Au in gold ornaments with different caratage. Calibration curves were drawn with the data sets, obtained from LIBS and XRF, and from these calibration curves the unknown caratage of gold ornaments were obtained by using the line intensity of elements determined by LIBS. We have demonstrated the accuracy of this method by comparing the result with the carat value obtained by typical XRF method. This is yet another novel application of LIBS as a versatile analytic technique.","PeriodicalId":170064,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology (PHOTOPTICS)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114697893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-13DOI: 10.5220/0005342601130120
K. Georgoulakis, G. Glentis
In this paper the performance of the Clustering Based Sequence Equalizer is investigated in the context of Intensity Modulated Direct Detection optical communications links operating at 10Gb/s, when non-return to zero on-off keyed and optical differential encoded phase shift keyed transmission is employed. The aforementioned equalizer provides an attractive implementation of the Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimation, comprising of two successive steps, namely a) nonparametric estimation of the channel response using a cluster based approach and b) sequence estimation using the Viterbi algorithm. The performance of the cluster based equalizer in fiber links is investigated my means of computer simulation.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of the clustering based sequence equalizer in direct detection optical communication links","authors":"K. Georgoulakis, G. Glentis","doi":"10.5220/0005342601130120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005342601130120","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the performance of the Clustering Based Sequence Equalizer is investigated in the context of Intensity Modulated Direct Detection optical communications links operating at 10Gb/s, when non-return to zero on-off keyed and optical differential encoded phase shift keyed transmission is employed. The aforementioned equalizer provides an attractive implementation of the Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimation, comprising of two successive steps, namely a) nonparametric estimation of the channel response using a cluster based approach and b) sequence estimation using the Viterbi algorithm. The performance of the cluster based equalizer in fiber links is investigated my means of computer simulation.","PeriodicalId":170064,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology (PHOTOPTICS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130071085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-13DOI: 10.5220/0005431301400146
R. Pérez-Herrera, M. López-Amo
The main goal of this work is to provide a brief overview of the fiber optic sensor multiplexing configurations and techniques as well as some recent advances and trends of the most important fiber optic sensor configurations. Distributed and point sensors are explained and a number of high performance networks are shown. Finally, the concept of robust fiber optic sensor is presented as well as the main records of distributed and remote sensing fiber optics topologies.
{"title":"Fiber optic sensor configurations","authors":"R. Pérez-Herrera, M. López-Amo","doi":"10.5220/0005431301400146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005431301400146","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this work is to provide a brief overview of the fiber optic sensor multiplexing configurations and techniques as well as some recent advances and trends of the most important fiber optic sensor configurations. Distributed and point sensors are explained and a number of high performance networks are shown. Finally, the concept of robust fiber optic sensor is presented as well as the main records of distributed and remote sensing fiber optics topologies.","PeriodicalId":170064,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology (PHOTOPTICS)","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123477930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-13DOI: 10.5220/0005334501770183
T. Zhao, H. Xiao, K. Huang, Z. Fan
A new method to realize temperature-stable uniform pumping was presented. Concept of effective absorption coefficient is introduced at first, which is used to indicate actual absorption coefficient of Nd:YAG working materials that concerned the influence of laser diode pumping spectrum characters. After this, flattop and Gaussian as a typical pumping spectrum shaping are discussed, and experimental measured laser diode spectrum is also used to calculate effective absorption coefficient as a comparison. Next, experimental results of pump laser diode deviating from absorption peak of neodymium ion are also numerical analysed, and these results are used to guide pumping central wavelength control. Finally, an optimized laser diode pumping spectrum shape is put forward. With such a pumping spectrum shape, effective absorption spectrum can be optimized to flattop shape, and temperature-stable uniform pumping can be realized.
{"title":"Study on influence of pumping spectrum on stable uniform pumping in a side-pumped Nd:YAG amplifier","authors":"T. Zhao, H. Xiao, K. Huang, Z. Fan","doi":"10.5220/0005334501770183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005334501770183","url":null,"abstract":"A new method to realize temperature-stable uniform pumping was presented. Concept of effective absorption coefficient is introduced at first, which is used to indicate actual absorption coefficient of Nd:YAG working materials that concerned the influence of laser diode pumping spectrum characters. After this, flattop and Gaussian as a typical pumping spectrum shaping are discussed, and experimental measured laser diode spectrum is also used to calculate effective absorption coefficient as a comparison. Next, experimental results of pump laser diode deviating from absorption peak of neodymium ion are also numerical analysed, and these results are used to guide pumping central wavelength control. Finally, an optimized laser diode pumping spectrum shape is put forward. With such a pumping spectrum shape, effective absorption spectrum can be optimized to flattop shape, and temperature-stable uniform pumping can be realized.","PeriodicalId":170064,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology (PHOTOPTICS)","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132087042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-13DOI: 10.5220/0005404301400143
A. Ryzhov, I. Belousova
Calculating steady-state optical limiting characteristics of nonlinear Fabry-Perot resonators, we noticed that the input-output characteristic shape does not depend on any resonator parameter. The intracavity medium was assumed to have either third-order nonlinear refraction or absorption. In a double logarithmic diagram the input-output characteristic can be divided into two regions, linear and nonlinear, which are both almost straight lines with a relatively short curved section between them. The only dependent variable is the position of that curved section (limiting threshold). Simple relations between resonator parameters, nonlinear coefficients and the limiting threshold, enabling one to easily get nonlinear characteristics of such resonators whithout doing nonlinear calculations, are presented.
{"title":"Optical limiting characteristics of Fabry-Perot microresonators at third-order nonlinear absorption and refraction of the intracavity medium","authors":"A. Ryzhov, I. Belousova","doi":"10.5220/0005404301400143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005404301400143","url":null,"abstract":"Calculating steady-state optical limiting characteristics of nonlinear Fabry-Perot resonators, we noticed that the input-output characteristic shape does not depend on any resonator parameter. The intracavity medium was assumed to have either third-order nonlinear refraction or absorption. In a double logarithmic diagram the input-output characteristic can be divided into two regions, linear and nonlinear, which are both almost straight lines with a relatively short curved section between them. The only dependent variable is the position of that curved section (limiting threshold). Simple relations between resonator parameters, nonlinear coefficients and the limiting threshold, enabling one to easily get nonlinear characteristics of such resonators whithout doing nonlinear calculations, are presented.","PeriodicalId":170064,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology (PHOTOPTICS)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133017284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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