{"title":"Scaling up of SRI (SCI) Method of Crop Cultivation in Bihar and Elsewhere in the Country","authors":"A. –","doi":"10.58297/gnlm5390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/gnlm5390","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73254031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since 2008, Lotus Foods, a US-based importer of heirloom and pigmented rice produced on family farms, has been sourcing marketable surpluses of rice grown by farmers using System of Rice Intensification (SRI) practices. It presently sources SRI-grown rice in Cambodia, India, Indonesia, and Thailand. Lotus Foods’commitment is based on the recognition that SRI is a more efficient, environmentally responsible, and equitable way to grow rice, especially for smallholder producers. In the countries where it sources rice, it works with long-term business partners who aggregate the rice and process it for shipment, handling also certifications and quality control. In the US, Lotus Foods has the job of ensuring final quality, packaging, marketing, sales and distribution. While the company has increased the amount of SRI rice it imports over the past 10 years, it had expected to be importing a lot more. This is due to challenges on both the supply and demand side. This includes supply chain partners’ initial lack of experience in processing, business skills, and export, as well as access to credit and modern equipment. The price of Lotus Foods’ SRI rice in the marketplace is thus at the upper range due to premiums paid for organic and fair-trade certifications and supply chain inefficiencies. Nonetheless, pro-active outreach to educate American consumers and the food industry about the benefits of SRI has resonated with both and generated growing support for the company’s pioneering efforts to help “change how rice is grown around the world”.
{"title":"Lotus Foods’ Experience Developing Value Chains for SRI Rice","authors":"Ken Lee, Caryl Levine","doi":"10.58297/sxfs1548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/sxfs1548","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2008, Lotus Foods, a US-based importer of heirloom and pigmented rice produced on family farms, has been sourcing marketable surpluses of rice grown by farmers using System of Rice Intensification (SRI) practices. It presently sources SRI-grown rice in Cambodia, India, Indonesia, and Thailand. Lotus Foods’commitment is based on the recognition that SRI is a more efficient, environmentally responsible, and equitable way to grow rice, especially for smallholder producers. In the countries where it sources rice, it works with long-term business partners who aggregate the rice and process it for shipment, handling also certifications and quality control. In the US, Lotus Foods has the job of ensuring final quality, packaging, marketing, sales and distribution. While the company has increased the amount of SRI rice it imports over the past 10 years, it had expected to be importing a lot more. This is due to challenges on both the supply and demand side. This includes supply chain partners’ initial lack of experience in processing, business skills, and export, as well as access to credit and modern equipment. The price of Lotus Foods’ SRI rice in the marketplace is thus at the upper range due to premiums paid for organic and fair-trade certifications and supply chain inefficiencies. Nonetheless, pro-active outreach to educate American consumers and the food industry about the benefits of SRI has resonated with both and generated growing support for the company’s pioneering efforts to help “change how rice is grown around the world”.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73263738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on challenges identified and approaches proposed, the paper builds a case for boosting rice production in rain[1]fed lowland areas of Tanzania. The proposed initiative is designed as an action in the field of development cooperation. Despite its complex nature, the initiative aims at an intensification of the prevailing rice production system in rainfed areas, whereby improving the availability of suitable rice seeds and adopting elements from systems of rice intensifica[1]tion (SRI) are proposed as the main agronomic components, which shall be supported by respective research. Further elements to be considered are the management of land and water in these rainfed areas, which are seasonally used for rice production, while the rest of the year they remain fallow, as well as the economics of the production system, which at present is critical and may remain a stumbling block for intensification, also due to the threat from more competitive local production in irrigated areas and cheap imports.
{"title":"Can System of Rice Intensification Boost Smallholders’ Rice Production in Rainfed, Lowland Areas of Tanzania?","authors":"Felix Bachmann -","doi":"10.58297/lpmw9267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/lpmw9267","url":null,"abstract":"Based on challenges identified and approaches proposed, the paper builds a case for boosting rice production in rain[1]fed lowland areas of Tanzania. The proposed initiative is designed as an action in the field of development cooperation. Despite its complex nature, the initiative aims at an intensification of the prevailing rice production system in rainfed areas, whereby improving the availability of suitable rice seeds and adopting elements from systems of rice intensifica[1]tion (SRI) are proposed as the main agronomic components, which shall be supported by respective research. Further elements to be considered are the management of land and water in these rainfed areas, which are seasonally used for rice production, while the rest of the year they remain fallow, as well as the economics of the production system, which at present is critical and may remain a stumbling block for intensification, also due to the threat from more competitive local production in irrigated areas and cheap imports.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87096859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transitioning to Sustainability: Managing Institutional Change in SRI","authors":"Shambu Prasad C","doi":"10.58297/rucj5813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/rucj5813","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75356062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agriculture production of India has been continuously rising; however, India still continues to have an alarming figure of undernourished population. Global climate change is widely viewed as one of the most significant challenges society is facing today. Combined with increased competition for land, water and labour from non-food sectors, climate change and associated increase in climatic variability will exacerbate seasonal or annual fluctuations in food yield. There are many options to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change, to minimize risks to agricultural systems. Options range from change in crop management, such as sowing time, stress resistance varieties, change in cropping systems and land use, to adjust to new climates. Government of India through its various schemes are also helping the country to adapt and mitigate the vagaries of climate. CRIDA with the help of NICRA and its climate related studies are identifying and demonstrating various climate resilient technologies to Indian farmers
{"title":"Climate Change: Impact, Issues and Strategies","authors":"V. .","doi":"10.58297/lnow1159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/lnow1159","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture production of India has been continuously rising; however, India still continues to have an alarming figure of undernourished population. Global climate change is widely viewed as one of the most significant challenges society is facing today. Combined with increased competition for land, water and labour from non-food sectors, climate change and associated increase in climatic variability will exacerbate seasonal or annual fluctuations in food yield. There are many options to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change, to minimize risks to agricultural systems. Options range from change in crop management, such as sowing time, stress resistance varieties, change in cropping systems and land use, to adjust to new climates. Government of India through its various schemes are also helping the country to adapt and mitigate the vagaries of climate. CRIDA with the help of NICRA and its climate related studies are identifying and demonstrating various climate resilient technologies to Indian farmers","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"196 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73953084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RICOWAS, the largest SRI scaling-up project to date, will be implemented over four years in 13 West African countries, starting in January 2023. RICOWAS can be considered a follow-on project to the SRI-WAAPP project, which was implemented from 2014-2016 and reached 50,048 farmers growing rice using the SRI method at 1,088 sites on 13,944 hectares across 13 countries, with 56% and 86% SRI yield increases for irrigated and rainfed lowland systems, respectively, over conventional rice production. The objective of RICOWAS is to improve climate resilience and increase the rice system productivity of smallholder rice farmers across West Africa using a climate-resilient rice production approach. The project aims to reach at least 153,000 rice growers with indirect benefits to an estimated 1.5 million people. Given the highly diverse nature of rice systems and climate zones in West Africa, RICOWAS will apply the conceptual framework for SRI with four interactive crop production principles, i) encourage early and healthy plant establishment, ii) minimize competition among plants, iii) build up fertile soils rich with organic matter and beneficial soil biota, and iv) manage water carefully to avoid both flooding and water stress. These principles remain the same no matter where SRI is applied and provide the foundation for adaptation to local conditions. With SRI at the center, RICOWAS additionally integrates agro-ecozone specific Sustainable Land and Water Management (SLWM) practices to maximize the adaptation potential of the vulnerable rice production systems throughout West Africa, calling the new approach Climate-Resilient Rice Production (CRRP).
{"title":"Scaling Up the System of Rice Intensification in 13 West African Countries","authors":"E. Styger, K. Jaoui","doi":"10.58297/tkvu1619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/tkvu1619","url":null,"abstract":"RICOWAS, the largest SRI scaling-up project to date, will be implemented over four years in 13 West African countries, starting in January 2023. RICOWAS can be considered a follow-on project to the SRI-WAAPP project, which was implemented from 2014-2016 and reached 50,048 farmers growing rice using the SRI method at 1,088 sites on 13,944 hectares across 13 countries, with 56% and 86% SRI yield increases for irrigated and rainfed lowland systems, respectively, over conventional rice production. The objective of RICOWAS is to improve climate resilience and increase the rice system productivity of smallholder rice farmers across West Africa using a climate-resilient rice production approach. The project aims to reach at least 153,000 rice growers with indirect benefits to an estimated 1.5 million people. Given the highly diverse nature of rice systems and climate zones in West Africa, RICOWAS will apply the conceptual framework for SRI with four interactive crop production principles, i) encourage early and healthy plant establishment, ii) minimize competition among plants, iii) build up fertile soils rich with organic matter and beneficial soil biota, and iv) manage water carefully to avoid both flooding and water stress. These principles remain the same no matter where SRI is applied and provide the foundation for adaptation to local conditions. With SRI at the center, RICOWAS additionally integrates agro-ecozone specific Sustainable Land and Water Management (SLWM) practices to maximize the adaptation potential of the vulnerable rice production systems throughout West Africa, calling the new approach Climate-Resilient Rice Production (CRRP).","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89460194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tek Sapkota B, N. C. Konath, Robel Takele, S. Snapp
Nitrogen is the most essential nutrient in crop production but a substantial portion of applied N to the cropland is lost into the environment by means of volatilization, leaching, or emissions causing multiple adverse effects on terrestrial and aquatic systems and on human health. Consumption of Fertilizer-N in India, the second largest consumer of N fertilizer in the world, has increased steadily since 1960s and is expected to further increase in the future to produce more food to meet the projected food demand. However, inequality is the core of the problem with some regions applying more N fertilizer than required leading to negative environmental externalities and other regions applying far less N leading to lower yields and soil mining adding to the vicious cycle of food insecurity. A data-based approach to identify areas of N surplus/N deficit, the magnitude of nitrogen-use-efficiency (NUE) and N harvest gaps helps develop location-specific fertilizer management strategies. Here, we developed a global NUE atlas using various sources of data on N input and N output to show the priority areas of N management work to address the issues of over- and under-fertilization. Adopting this data-based approach and using examples from field and national level analyses, we suggest spatially tailored agronomic, economic, and policy strategies of N management to address food, fertilizer, and climate crisis in India.
{"title":"Targeted Nitrogen Management to Increase Cereal Production while Reducing Nitrogen Consumption in India","authors":"Tek Sapkota B, N. C. Konath, Robel Takele, S. Snapp","doi":"10.58297/fwxl2434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/fwxl2434","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen is the most essential nutrient in crop production but a substantial portion of applied N to the cropland is lost into the environment by means of volatilization, leaching, or emissions causing multiple adverse effects on terrestrial and aquatic systems and on human health. Consumption of Fertilizer-N in India, the second largest consumer of N fertilizer in the world, has increased steadily since 1960s and is expected to further increase in the future to produce more food to meet the projected food demand. However, inequality is the core of the problem with some regions applying more N fertilizer than required leading to negative environmental externalities and other regions applying far less N leading to lower yields and soil mining adding to the vicious cycle of food insecurity. A data-based approach to identify areas of N surplus/N deficit, the magnitude of nitrogen-use-efficiency (NUE) and N harvest gaps helps develop location-specific fertilizer management strategies. Here, we developed a global NUE atlas using various sources of data on N input and N output to show the priority areas of N management work to address the issues of over- and under-fertilization. Adopting this data-based approach and using examples from field and national level analyses, we suggest spatially tailored agronomic, economic, and policy strategies of N management to address food, fertilizer, and climate crisis in India.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73380036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is prepared based on the author’s experiences in working with SRI ideas and methods in diverse agroecological and socioeconomic contexts in Nepal and abroad. I have found that rice farmers used diverse field management strategies to incorporate SRI into their farming systems. Some farmers used all of the SRI practices introduced during their training, i.e., young seedlings, single seedlings, wider spacing, alternate wetting and drying irrigation, mechanical weeding, and the use of compost. However, the majority modified their methods to be appropriate for their farming situation. Farmers used younger seedlings in areas where irrigation was reliable and drainage facility was better. The use of mechanical weeding was very effective for higher yield; however, its effectiveness and productivity were not the same everywhere. Similarly, many farmers did not follow the advice to use compost (alone, or with fertilizer). It was interesting to note that the poorly-producing farmers were using more fertilizer than required. By contrast, the farmers who attended the SRI training have reduced their fertilizer use. In short, the introduction of SRI methods influenced the traditional rice farming system, but not in a uniform way. After years of experience, the majority of farmers adjusted these practices to fit their personal farming situation. Most farmers who changed their rice farming system were following neither SRI nor traditional practice, but rather a hybrid of methods, and they developed a hybrid system that is more feasible and productive in Nepal.
{"title":"From ‘Miracle’ Rice Plants to Technology Hybridization: My SRI Journey","authors":"R. ,","doi":"10.58297/dkmr2882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/dkmr2882","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is prepared based on the author’s experiences in working with SRI ideas and methods in diverse agroecological and socioeconomic contexts in Nepal and abroad. I have found that rice farmers used diverse field management strategies to incorporate SRI into their farming systems. Some farmers used all of the SRI practices introduced during their training, i.e., young seedlings, single seedlings, wider spacing, alternate wetting and drying irrigation, mechanical weeding, and the use of compost. However, the majority modified their methods to be appropriate for their farming situation. Farmers used younger seedlings in areas where irrigation was reliable and drainage facility was better. The use of mechanical weeding was very effective for higher yield; however, its effectiveness and productivity were not the same everywhere. Similarly, many farmers did not follow the advice to use compost (alone, or with fertilizer). It was interesting to note that the poorly-producing farmers were using more fertilizer than required. By contrast, the farmers who attended the SRI training have reduced their fertilizer use. In short, the introduction of SRI methods influenced the traditional rice farming system, but not in a uniform way. After years of experience, the majority of farmers adjusted these practices to fit their personal farming situation. Most farmers who changed their rice farming system were following neither SRI nor traditional practice, but rather a hybrid of methods, and they developed a hybrid system that is more feasible and productive in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76984216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microbes play crucial roles in plant survival and fitness by mobilizing soil nutrients, enhancing plant performance by producing phytohormones, and protecting plant from biotic and abiotic stresses. SRI crop management system, extrapolatable to improve production of other crops beyond rice, aims to create the best growing environment above and below ground and to mobilize various services from microbes to increase factor productivity. Inoculating crop plants with effective microbial agents, either in consortia or separately, enhances rice crop performance in various ways. This paper presents results from field experiments and offers some explanation of mechanisms accounting for the higher productivity and performance of SRI rice plants with augmentation of microbial agents in soil.
{"title":"Microbial Inoculation can Enhance SRI Performance and Reduce Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Rice","authors":"R. Khadka","doi":"10.58297/ykbr1159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/ykbr1159","url":null,"abstract":"Microbes play crucial roles in plant survival and fitness by mobilizing soil nutrients, enhancing plant performance by producing phytohormones, and protecting plant from biotic and abiotic stresses. SRI crop management system, extrapolatable to improve production of other crops beyond rice, aims to create the best growing environment above and below ground and to mobilize various services from microbes to increase factor productivity. Inoculating crop plants with effective microbial agents, either in consortia or separately, enhances rice crop performance in various ways. This paper presents results from field experiments and offers some explanation of mechanisms accounting for the higher productivity and performance of SRI rice plants with augmentation of microbial agents in soil.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80431857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The system of rice intensification (SRI) has been introduced as an alternative system for growing rice with lesser inputs and water. Labour is one of the most crucial concerns in the adoption of SRI by farmers. The adaptation to newer methods of rice cultivation is presumed to be easier if the workforce is adept to adapt. The new skills needed to adopt SRI, are transplanting young and single seedlings and use of mechanical weeders. The present study was therefore, undertaken, to identify training needs of women farmers in SRI cultivation. Line sowing was perceived as a new skill to be acquired and rated as highly skilful. Close attention was needed by women farmers/labour to systematically plant within the square. The paper attempts to apply the components of the community capitals framework (CCF) developed by Cornelia and Jan Flora (2013), for closing the gender capacity gaps in the uptake and scaling up of SCI/SRI. The seven forms of capital in this framework are considered not only as individual capabilities and endowments but are viewed as collective resources and are to be considered in the specific order of natural, cultural, human, social, political, financial and built capital. In this paper emphasis is being given to build the Human and Social Capital for closing the gender capacity gaps for scaling up SCI/SRI. There is immense scope of harnessing the potential of training members of women’s self-help groups (SHG) to form a SRI task force to help in the wide spread adoption of SRI by farmers.
{"title":"Adept to Adapt: Closing the Gender Capacity Gaps for Scaling Up System of Crop Intensification","authors":"A. –","doi":"10.58297/mjdw2273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/mjdw2273","url":null,"abstract":"The system of rice intensification (SRI) has been introduced as an alternative system for growing rice with lesser inputs and water. Labour is one of the most crucial concerns in the adoption of SRI by farmers. The adaptation to newer methods of rice cultivation is presumed to be easier if the workforce is adept to adapt. The new skills needed to adopt SRI, are transplanting young and single seedlings and use of mechanical weeders. The present study was therefore, undertaken, to identify training needs of women farmers in SRI cultivation. Line sowing was perceived as a new skill to be acquired and rated as highly skilful. Close attention was needed by women farmers/labour to systematically plant within the square. The paper attempts to apply the components of the community capitals framework (CCF) developed by Cornelia and Jan Flora (2013), for closing the gender capacity gaps in the uptake and scaling up of SCI/SRI. The seven forms of capital in this framework are considered not only as individual capabilities and endowments but are viewed as collective resources and are to be considered in the specific order of natural, cultural, human, social, political, financial and built capital. In this paper emphasis is being given to build the Human and Social Capital for closing the gender capacity gaps for scaling up SCI/SRI. There is immense scope of harnessing the potential of training members of women’s self-help groups (SHG) to form a SRI task force to help in the wide spread adoption of SRI by farmers.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"7 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91451613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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