Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2165-8064.2020.10.411
Thakore Ka, Zewdie Geberehiwot
Conservation of resources is not the exception in today's textile wet processing operations- it is the rule. Lower water, energy, time, chemical and labour consumption, while providing quality textile products, is the goal of all manufacturers who wish to continue in the business. Dyeing machinery and processes; especially designed to provide quality dyeing with savings in resources, are coming on stream. But still a lot of work is required to conserve the resources in wet processing especially in dyeing of knitted cotton fabric since most of the processes that are carried out recently use high amount of water, energy and chemicals. The most popular method of dyeing cotton knitted fabrics is exhaust method which requires high volume of water, high energy and chemicals. This investigation aims at studying the dyeing of cotton knitted fabric by cold pad batch process and evaluates the feasibility of the process by comparing with the conventionally used exhaust method usually carried out at high material to liquor ratio in a soft-flow dyeing machine. The study has shown the possibilities of reducing the consumption of water, electrical and thermal energy and chemicals thereby offering cost advantage for a comparable colour value and physical properties. Besides, this process offers the reduction on the wastewater load which is the subsequent result of the overall conservation of the resources.
{"title":"Economy and Ecology in Dyeing-Cold Pad batch Dyeing Method for Cotton Knitted Fabric","authors":"Thakore Ka, Zewdie Geberehiwot","doi":"10.37421/2165-8064.2020.10.411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2165-8064.2020.10.411","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation of resources is not the exception in today's textile wet processing operations- it is the rule. Lower water, energy, time, chemical and labour consumption, while providing quality textile products, is the goal of all manufacturers who wish to continue in the business. Dyeing machinery and processes; especially designed to provide quality dyeing with savings in resources, are coming on stream. But still a lot of work is required to conserve the resources in wet processing especially in dyeing of knitted cotton fabric since most of the processes that are carried out recently use high amount of water, energy and chemicals. The most popular method of dyeing cotton knitted fabrics is exhaust method which requires high volume of water, high energy and chemicals. This investigation aims at studying the dyeing of cotton knitted fabric by cold pad batch process and evaluates the feasibility of the process by comparing with the conventionally used exhaust method usually carried out at high material to liquor ratio in a soft-flow dyeing machine. The study has shown the possibilities of reducing the consumption of water, electrical and thermal energy and chemicals thereby offering cost advantage for a comparable colour value and physical properties. Besides, this process offers the reduction on the wastewater load which is the subsequent result of the overall conservation of the resources.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"2014 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82715721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000393
M. M. Rashida, Boris Mahltigb
Cotton and polyester plain woven fabric have been incorporated with two coats: basecoat with/without TiO2 nanoparticles and topcoat prepared with aluminium effect pigment. After pigmenting and drying, the reflection and transmission characteristics were measured through UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The reflection and transmission properties of the coated textile were investigated as a function of wavelength ranging from 220 nm to 1400 nm. Using TiO2 nanoparticle as coating in combination with aluminium effect pigment can be used to develop optical protection of textile- will be discussed in this work.
{"title":"Effect of TiO 2 Nanoparticles on Aluminium Effect Pigment Coated Fabric-Application of Reflection and Transmission of Light through Fabric","authors":"M. M. Rashida, Boris Mahltigb","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000393","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton and polyester plain woven fabric have been incorporated with two coats: basecoat with/without TiO2 nanoparticles and topcoat prepared with aluminium effect pigment. After pigmenting and drying, the reflection and transmission characteristics were measured through UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The reflection and transmission properties of the coated textile were investigated as a function of wavelength ranging from 220 nm to 1400 nm. Using TiO2 nanoparticle as coating in combination with aluminium effect pigment can be used to develop optical protection of textile- will be discussed in this work.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87470655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000391
Nasr Litim
This paper presents the impact of modified glyoxalic (DMDHEU) and co-polymer acrylic crosslinkers effect on the Crystallinity, Crystallite Size and mechanical properties of finished cotton. Using a modern technical analysis is very significant to describe the outside modification of cellulose fiber and the inside of crystalline region. The obtained results make clear the morphology cross-linking aspect after the treatment of resin with the previously cited Crosslinkers. Benchmarking the effect of used Crosslinkers at various finishing conditions (curing temperature, curing time, drying temperature, drying time and crosslinkers concentration) on crystallinity, crystallite size and surface morphology of finished cotton, is the answer of durable press application problems. It inspects the modified glyoxalic crosslinkers upshot more than acrylic crosslinkers on mechanical properties of cotton yarns. It proves that crystallinity index and crystallite size distinction of treated cotton have a way to link with cellulose physical properties, such as the ability to cross-link in amorphous region. The results also describe the effect of two crosslinkers on the fall mechanical properties of treated cotton. They show an important change on retention of breaking strength and elongation, creep and relaxation rate of treated cotton.
{"title":"Impact of Modified Glyoxalic and Co-polymer Acrylic Crosslinkers Effect on the Crystallinity and Mechanical Properties of Finished Cotton.","authors":"Nasr Litim","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000391","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the impact of modified glyoxalic (DMDHEU) and co-polymer acrylic crosslinkers effect on the Crystallinity, Crystallite Size and mechanical properties of finished cotton. Using a modern technical analysis is very significant to describe the outside modification of cellulose fiber and the inside of crystalline region. The obtained results make clear the morphology cross-linking aspect after the treatment of resin with the previously cited Crosslinkers. Benchmarking the effect of used Crosslinkers at various finishing conditions (curing temperature, curing time, drying temperature, drying time and crosslinkers concentration) on crystallinity, crystallite size and surface morphology of finished cotton, is the answer of durable press application problems. It inspects the modified glyoxalic crosslinkers upshot more than acrylic crosslinkers on mechanical properties of cotton yarns. It proves that crystallinity index and crystallite size distinction of treated cotton have a way to link with cellulose physical properties, such as the ability to cross-link in amorphous region. The results also describe the effect of two crosslinkers on the fall mechanical properties of treated cotton. They show an important change on retention of breaking strength and elongation, creep and relaxation rate of treated cotton.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85992645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000389
Selamu Temesgen, B. Murugesan, R. Gideon
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Cotton Yarn Sized With Natural Starches Produced From Native Corn, Cassava and Potato Starches","authors":"Selamu Temesgen, B. Murugesan, R. Gideon","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84877597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000388
T. Kaddar
{"title":"Development Keys in the Textile Industry","authors":"T. Kaddar","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85796508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000397
Himadri Tanaya Mahanta
In this study, synthesis and optimization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles were carried out at room temperature by sol-gel technique using Box-Behnken design of experiment. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were characterised using UV-visible spectrophotometer in which the band gap energy was determined as 3.31 eV, particle size analyser (PSA) analysed size of nanoparticles as 250 nm and scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed uniform distribution of nanoparticles on surface of fabric. The titanium dioxide nanoparticles were applied on cotton fabric through pad-dry-cure method to develop self-cleaning property on cotton fabric. The stain degradation property was evaluated initial and after 20 washes and determined significant decrease in K/S value with increase in concentration of nanoparticles. There is no significant effect on inherent properties of fabric to be found.
{"title":"Durable Self Cleaning Property on Cotton Fabric by Synthesised TiO2 Nanoparticles at Room Temperature.","authors":"Himadri Tanaya Mahanta","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000397","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, synthesis and optimization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles were carried out at room temperature by sol-gel technique using Box-Behnken design of experiment. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were characterised using UV-visible spectrophotometer in which the band gap energy was determined as 3.31 eV, particle size analyser (PSA) analysed size of nanoparticles as 250 nm and scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed uniform distribution of nanoparticles on surface of fabric. The titanium dioxide nanoparticles were applied on cotton fabric through pad-dry-cure method to develop self-cleaning property on cotton fabric. The stain degradation property was evaluated initial and after 20 washes and determined significant decrease in K/S value with increase in concentration of nanoparticles. There is no significant effect on inherent properties of fabric to be found.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82748758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ian L Gordon, Seth Casden, Mark Vangel, Michael R Hamblin
Celliant™ fabric contains quartz, silicon oxide and titanium oxide particles embedded into polymer fibers. Garments woven with Celliant™ yarns can be activated by body heat (conduction, convection and radiation) and remit the energy as far infrared radiation (FIR) back into the body. Wearing Celliant garments has been shown to increase blood flow and oxygen levels in the skin. In the present study we recruited twenty-four healthy volunteers (18-60 years of age) to wear a placebo shirt for 90 minutes, and after a 15-minute break, to wear a real Celliant shirt for 90 minutes. The mean transcutaneous oxygen (tcPO2) measured over two sites (biceps and abdomen) was significantly increased at 3 time points (30, 60, and 90 minutes) by between 5-8% (P<0.05) in Celliant vs. placebo. The mean grip strength in the dominant hand measured at 90 minutes was 12.44% higher after wearing Celliant vs. after placebo (p=0.0002). There was a small but significant increase in systolic blood pressure (113.71 vs. 109.38; p=0.02) but no statistically significant changes in diastolic or mean blood pressure, heart rate, or skin temperature. These data provide more evidence of the physiological effects of FIR emitting garments and suggest they could be used for athletic training and recovery.
{"title":"Effect of Shirts with 42% Celliant™ Fiber on tcPO<sub>2</sub> Levels and Grip Strength in Healthy Subjects: A Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Ian L Gordon, Seth Casden, Mark Vangel, Michael R Hamblin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Celliant™ fabric contains quartz, silicon oxide and titanium oxide particles embedded into polymer fibers. Garments woven with Celliant™ yarns can be activated by body heat (conduction, convection and radiation) and remit the energy as far infrared radiation (FIR) back into the body. Wearing Celliant garments has been shown to increase blood flow and oxygen levels in the skin. In the present study we recruited twenty-four healthy volunteers (18-60 years of age) to wear a placebo shirt for 90 minutes, and after a 15-minute break, to wear a real Celliant shirt for 90 minutes. The mean transcutaneous oxygen (tcPO<sub>2</sub>) measured over two sites (biceps and abdomen) was significantly increased at 3 time points (30, 60, and 90 minutes) by between 5-8% (P<0.05) in Celliant vs. placebo. The mean grip strength in the dominant hand measured at 90 minutes was 12.44% higher after wearing Celliant vs. after placebo (p=0.0002). There was a small but significant increase in systolic blood pressure (113.71 vs. 109.38; p=0.02) but no statistically significant changes in diastolic or mean blood pressure, heart rate, or skin temperature. These data provide more evidence of the physiological effects of FIR emitting garments and suggest they could be used for athletic training and recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8351537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39309385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000392
O. Sn, Ohanuzue Cbc, Onuegbu Gc, Obasi Hc, N. Oo
Extraction of natural dye from Whitfieldia lateritia plant and its application on cotton fabric was studied. In this research, natural dye was extracted from the leaves of Whitfieldia lateritia using 1% alkali as solvent. The dye extract was analyzed in the area of fabric dyeing using a mixture of alum and tannic acid as mordant, and sodium dithionite as reducing agent. UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and colour fastness to washing, perspiration and daylight were also carried out. It was revealed that Whitfieldia lateritia dye is a direct dye since it dyed cotton fabric without the aid of a mordant. However, the application of mordant improved the colour fastness of the dyed cotton fabric. UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the possible presence of some percentages of flavonoids, polyphenols and tannins in the dye.
{"title":"Extraction of Natural Dyes from Whitfieldia lateritia Plant and Its Application on Cotton Fabric","authors":"O. Sn, Ohanuzue Cbc, Onuegbu Gc, Obasi Hc, N. Oo","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000392","url":null,"abstract":"Extraction of natural dye from Whitfieldia lateritia plant and its application on cotton fabric was studied. In this research, natural dye was extracted from the leaves of Whitfieldia lateritia using 1% alkali as solvent. The dye extract was analyzed in the area of fabric dyeing using a mixture of alum and tannic acid as mordant, and sodium dithionite as reducing agent. UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and colour fastness to washing, perspiration and daylight were also carried out. It was revealed that Whitfieldia lateritia dye is a direct dye since it dyed cotton fabric without the aid of a mordant. However, the application of mordant improved the colour fastness of the dyed cotton fabric. UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the possible presence of some percentages of flavonoids, polyphenols and tannins in the dye.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"309 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74400064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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