Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000340
Masudur Rahman Anm, A. Ruhul, S. Alimuzzaman
This paper represents a comparative study of the different weave structures of jute woven fabric reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites. The weave structures were selected as plain (1/1), twill (2/1), twill (3/1) and basket (2/2). Composites (40% fiber by wt.) were prepared by using compression molding technique. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength (TS), bending strength (BS) and impact strength (IS) of the composites were evaluated and compared. It was found that basket weave/PP based composite showed the highest mechanical properties. The optimum value of TS, BS, TM, BM and IS of the composite were found to be 49.7 MPa, 92.5 MPa, 867 MPa, 5.6 GPa and 29.8 KJ/m2.To find out the effect of yarn density on mechanical properties of the composites, 2/1 twill structure was selected and found significant improvement in the mechanical properties with the increase of Ends/Inch (EPI) and Picks/Inch (PPI) in the fabric. Water uptake and degradation behavior in aqueous medium of the composites was also observed.
{"title":"Effect of Weave Structure and Yarn Density on Mechanical Attributes of Jute Fabric Reinforced Polypropylene Composites","authors":"Masudur Rahman Anm, A. Ruhul, S. Alimuzzaman","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000340","url":null,"abstract":"This paper represents a comparative study of the different weave structures of jute woven fabric reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites. The weave structures were selected as plain (1/1), twill (2/1), twill (3/1) and basket (2/2). Composites (40% fiber by wt.) were prepared by using compression molding technique. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength (TS), bending strength (BS) and impact strength (IS) of the composites were evaluated and compared. It was found that basket weave/PP based composite showed the highest mechanical properties. The optimum value of TS, BS, TM, BM and IS of the composite were found to be 49.7 MPa, 92.5 MPa, 867 MPa, 5.6 GPa and 29.8 KJ/m2.To find out the effect of yarn density on mechanical properties of the composites, 2/1 twill structure was selected and found significant improvement in the mechanical properties with the increase of Ends/Inch (EPI) and Picks/Inch (PPI) in the fabric. Water uptake and degradation behavior in aqueous medium of the composites was also observed.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83794748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000328
Wannes Hb, Dimassi Wr, B. Zaghouani, M. Mendes
Transparent Conducting Oxides (TCOs) have important device applications used in solar cells as transparent electrodes. In particular, ZnO material has been investigated for many years due to its excellent physical properties and potential applications in transparent conductive contacts when it is doped by several types of doping. If n-type doping is easily achievable in ZnO, the realization of stable and reproducible p-type ZnO is still difficult. The group I (Li, Na) atoms could be potential candidates to result in p-type ZnO. The choice of lithium as a dopant is motivated firstly by its abundance in nature, its low cost compared to other alkali metals and its wide application. Undoped and Lithium-doped zinc oxide thin films (ZnO:Li) at different percentages (5, 15 and 25%) were prepared on glass substrates, using the sol–gel spin-coating method, and the influence of the Li concentration on the structural, morphological and optical properties of the ZnO thin films was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the un-doped and 5 at % Li-doped films have a hexagonal wurtzite structure and are preferentially oriented along the c-axis from the substrate. SEM analysis shows a compact surface with mainly hexagonal grains. Optical transmittance measurements show that all samples have average 88% transparency in the visible light, with a sharp fall of the absorption at a wavelength (~376 nm) close to the ZnO band gap. The results suggest that the optical properties of the ZnO:Li films can be further improved for solar cell applications.
透明导电氧化物(TCOs)作为透明电极在太阳能电池中有着重要的器件应用。特别是ZnO材料，由于其优异的物理性能和在透明导电触点中掺杂多种类型的掺杂后的潜在应用，已经被研究了多年。如果n型掺杂在ZnO中很容易实现，那么实现稳定和可重复的p型ZnO仍然很困难。I族(Li, Na)原子可能是产生p型ZnO的潜在候选者。选择锂作为掺杂剂首先是由于其丰富的性质，与其他碱金属相比，其成本低，应用广泛。采用溶胶-凝胶自旋镀膜的方法，在玻璃衬底上制备了不同配比(5%、15%和25%)的未掺杂和掺锂氧化锌薄膜(ZnO:Li)，研究了Li浓度对ZnO薄膜结构、形貌和光学性能的影响。x射线衍射(XRD)分析表明，未掺杂和5 at % li掺杂的薄膜具有六方纤锌矿结构，并优先从衬底沿c轴取向。SEM分析表明，表面致密，主要为六角形晶粒。光学透射率测量表明，所有样品在可见光下的平均透明度为88%，在接近ZnO带隙的波长(~376 nm)处吸收率急剧下降。结果表明，ZnO:Li薄膜的光学性能可以进一步改善，用于太阳能电池。
{"title":"Li-doped ZnO Sol-Gel Thin Films: Correlation between Structural Morphological and Optical Properties","authors":"Wannes Hb, Dimassi Wr, B. Zaghouani, M. Mendes","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000328","url":null,"abstract":"Transparent Conducting Oxides (TCOs) have important device applications used in solar cells as transparent electrodes. In particular, ZnO material has been investigated for many years due to its excellent physical properties and potential applications in transparent conductive contacts when it is doped by several types of doping. If n-type doping is easily achievable in ZnO, the realization of stable and reproducible p-type ZnO is still difficult. The group I (Li, Na) atoms could be potential candidates to result in p-type ZnO. The choice of lithium as a dopant is motivated firstly by its abundance in nature, its low cost compared to other alkali metals and its wide application. Undoped and Lithium-doped zinc oxide thin films (ZnO:Li) at different percentages (5, 15 and 25%) were prepared on glass substrates, using the sol–gel spin-coating method, and the influence of the Li concentration on the structural, morphological and optical properties of the ZnO thin films was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the un-doped and 5 at % Li-doped films have a hexagonal wurtzite structure and are preferentially oriented along the c-axis from the substrate. SEM analysis shows a compact surface with mainly hexagonal grains. Optical transmittance measurements show that all samples have average 88% transparency in the visible light, with a sharp fall of the absorption at a wavelength (~376 nm) close to the ZnO band gap. The results suggest that the optical properties of the ZnO:Li films can be further improved for solar cell applications.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87114215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000331
N. Bairagi
There is an increasing amount of post-consumer textile waste that is generated in India with an estimated population of above 1.33 billion. But limited studies have been carried out on the channels of recycling of postconsumer apparel waste in India. Therefore, a pilot study was conducted among young people in the age group of 20-30 years in India, using online survey. Additional information has been collected through ethnographic studies and interviews and observations. Expert in the business of pre-owned goods has been interviewed. Results showed that almost half of the respondents of the survey in India would like to discard the clothes that are no more in use. There is a lack of awareness on the channels available for donation of used clothing, through most of the respondents were willing to donate. The donated clothing mostly consists of upper wears. The channels of post-consumer recycling of clothes are mostly NGOs who use it for charity or up-cycle it to new products using a community of artisans, who work for their livelihood. At present there are few Indian brands that create designer products by recycling of postconsumer apparel waste. The other alternative channel that has developed in India is re-sale of pre-owned clothing using online app of companies and brands. Few small-scale industries in India convert the post-consumer apparel waste to fibres which are generally used as fillers for mattress, pillows, cushion etc.in the unorganized sector or converted to recycled yarns.
{"title":"Recycling of Post-Consumer Apparel Waste in India: Channels for Textile Reuse","authors":"N. Bairagi","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000331","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increasing amount of post-consumer textile waste that is generated in India with an estimated population of above 1.33 billion. But limited studies have been carried out on the channels of recycling of postconsumer apparel waste in India. Therefore, a pilot study was conducted among young people in the age group of 20-30 years in India, using online survey. Additional information has been collected through ethnographic studies and interviews and observations. Expert in the business of pre-owned goods has been interviewed. Results showed that almost half of the respondents of the survey in India would like to discard the clothes that are no more in use. There is a lack of awareness on the channels available for donation of used clothing, through most of the respondents were willing to donate. The donated clothing mostly consists of upper wears. The channels of post-consumer recycling of clothes are mostly NGOs who use it for charity or up-cycle it to new products using a community of artisans, who work for their livelihood. At present there are few Indian brands that create designer products by recycling of postconsumer apparel waste. The other alternative channel that has developed in India is re-sale of pre-owned clothing using online app of companies and brands. Few small-scale industries in India convert the post-consumer apparel waste to fibres which are generally used as fillers for mattress, pillows, cushion etc.in the unorganized sector or converted to recycled yarns.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74276748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000338
Masudur Rahman Anm, R. Khan
Pineapple fiber reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites (25-75% fiber by weight) were fabricated using compression molding technique and the mechanical properties such as tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), bending strength (BS), bending modulus (BM) and impact strength (IS) of the composites were evaluated. It was found that at 55% fiber content, the composite exhibited the best mechanical properties. The TS, TM, BS, BM and IS were found to be 48.8 MPa, 773 MPa, 75.6 MPa, 4.2 GPa, 21.4 KJ/m2 for 55% fiber composite. The composites were exposed to different intensities of ultraviolet (UV) radiation (25-200 UV dose) and found significant improvement in the mechanical properties up to 100 UV dose. At 100 UV dose, the value of TS, TM, BS, BM and IS of the composite were found to be 57.3 MPa, 932 MPa, 87.5 MPa, 5.2 GPa and 26.3 KJ/m2 respectively. Water uptake behaviours of the non-irradiated and UV irradiated composites were also observed. The interfacial property was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
{"title":"Influence of UV Radiation on Mechanical Properties of PVC Composites Reinforced with Pineapple Fiber","authors":"Masudur Rahman Anm, R. Khan","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000338","url":null,"abstract":"Pineapple fiber reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites (25-75% fiber by weight) were fabricated using compression molding technique and the mechanical properties such as tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), bending strength (BS), bending modulus (BM) and impact strength (IS) of the composites were evaluated. It was found that at 55% fiber content, the composite exhibited the best mechanical properties. The TS, TM, BS, BM and IS were found to be 48.8 MPa, 773 MPa, 75.6 MPa, 4.2 GPa, 21.4 KJ/m2 for 55% fiber composite. The composites were exposed to different intensities of ultraviolet (UV) radiation (25-200 UV dose) and found significant improvement in the mechanical properties up to 100 UV dose. At 100 UV dose, the value of TS, TM, BS, BM and IS of the composite were found to be 57.3 MPa, 932 MPa, 87.5 MPa, 5.2 GPa and 26.3 KJ/m2 respectively. Water uptake behaviours of the non-irradiated and UV irradiated composites were also observed. The interfacial property was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85353080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000356
S. Aishwariya
Fashion in a meeker way will be enumerated as the science of appearance. The phrase is inclusive of the factor that it is combination of how the person is and in terms of his personality along with the aroma he chooses to wear based on his traits. In the olden day’s good smell and personality: or in specific, the type of person and the choice of fragrance have been given as special eye to judge a person. Perfumes are extremely significant in the field of fashion, since it’s expels the reflection of glamour and luxury of that individual. Twentieth century is raising more professionals in all fields and perfumes are getting more into limelight by serving as an essential accessory in fashion. This paper is crafted with an objective to cover the history of perfumes, the trends in each country, the raw material used in perfume making, methods to apply the perfume and ways to store the perfume to ensure longer life and better impact.
{"title":"Voyage of Fragrances and Fashion","authors":"S. Aishwariya","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000356","url":null,"abstract":"Fashion in a meeker way will be enumerated as the science of appearance. The phrase is inclusive of the factor that it is combination of how the person is and in terms of his personality along with the aroma he chooses to wear based on his traits. In the olden day’s good smell and personality: or in specific, the type of person and the choice of fragrance have been given as special eye to judge a person. Perfumes are extremely significant in the field of fashion, since it’s expels the reflection of glamour and luxury of that individual. Twentieth century is raising more professionals in all fields and perfumes are getting more into limelight by serving as an essential accessory in fashion. This paper is crafted with an objective to cover the history of perfumes, the trends in each country, the raw material used in perfume making, methods to apply the perfume and ways to store the perfume to ensure longer life and better impact.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72916255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000335
Shuvo, K. Chakma, D. Toutant
Many hospitals use paper thin bed sheets with high friction coefficients which are not ideal for patients with pressure ulcers and who are at risk of developing. These patients suffer a great deal of pain, which could have been prevented. Lying on a weak bed sheet with no regards to regulating micro-climate is a clear promoter of pressure ulcers. Another key factor of a hospital bed sheet is they are to be easily washed or disposed of because of all the unknown fluids that could seep onto the sheet. Therefore, the sheet must not only be to comfort those with pressure ulcers but to be easily washable and reusable. Again, in a hospital setting being able to easily wash the sheet and for it to hold its form is significant for reducing the cost of throwing away sheets less often. Therefore a theory has been proposed to design a 3D knit spacer bed sheet that will allow patients with pressure ulcers to be comfortable by ensuring a low friction coefficient between their skin and the material. The friction coefficient will be reduced by not only the structure but by the 70 percent polyester, 22 percent polypropylene and eight percent spandex blend. The friction coefficient will stay low due to a high wicking and evaporation capability to ensure the skin stays dry as well as the material. The 3D knit spacer bed sheet also has a higher compressibility which distributes pressure more evenly as well as enabling a care giver to easily rotate an immobile person into a new position. The proposed bed sheet will be easily washable to ensure all bodily fluids such as vomit, blood, and others have been removed. This blanket will be slightly more expensive but is expected to last longer than a typical hospital bed sheet.
{"title":"Prospect of 3D Warp Knitted Spacer Fabric and its Effect on Pressure Relieve for Reducing the Prevalence of Pressure Ulcers for Immobile Patients","authors":"Shuvo, K. Chakma, D. Toutant","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000335","url":null,"abstract":"Many hospitals use paper thin bed sheets with high friction coefficients which are not ideal for patients with pressure ulcers and who are at risk of developing. These patients suffer a great deal of pain, which could have been prevented. Lying on a weak bed sheet with no regards to regulating micro-climate is a clear promoter of pressure ulcers. Another key factor of a hospital bed sheet is they are to be easily washed or disposed of because of all the unknown fluids that could seep onto the sheet. Therefore, the sheet must not only be to comfort those with pressure ulcers but to be easily washable and reusable. Again, in a hospital setting being able to easily wash the sheet and for it to hold its form is significant for reducing the cost of throwing away sheets less often. Therefore a theory has been proposed to design a 3D knit spacer bed sheet that will allow patients with pressure ulcers to be comfortable by ensuring a low friction coefficient between their skin and the material. The friction coefficient will be reduced by not only the structure but by the 70 percent polyester, 22 percent polypropylene and eight percent spandex blend. The friction coefficient will stay low due to a high wicking and evaporation capability to ensure the skin stays dry as well as the material. The 3D knit spacer bed sheet also has a higher compressibility which distributes pressure more evenly as well as enabling a care giver to easily rotate an immobile person into a new position. The proposed bed sheet will be easily washable to ensure all bodily fluids such as vomit, blood, and others have been removed. This blanket will be slightly more expensive but is expected to last longer than a typical hospital bed sheet.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73565837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000376
Ghandi Ghazi Ahmad, H. Khaddam, Maan Horani
{"title":"A New Method to Evaluate the Appearance of Cotton Yarn Using Image Processing and Fuzzy Inference System Supported with Graphical User Interface","authors":"Ghandi Ghazi Ahmad, H. Khaddam, Maan Horani","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000376","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73851699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000374
Anowar Hossain, A. Samanta, Nilendu Sekhar Bhaumik, P. S. Vankar, D. Shukla
Environmental scientists and textile engineers concerns have been a great demand to have a pure concentration in green chemistry as the present panorama of environment is being a great threatening for the synthetic based dyeing and finishing and its negative impacts have been a great challenge both for the producers and consumers of textile sector as well as finding an alternative way has become a novel foundation of research for the scientist corner in home and abroad as everyone of human being want to get pleasure from his life. Present research works on toxic-free dyeing and finishing may impact directly to fulfil the demand of green chemistry as on-toxic dyes and mordants have been established to make coloration of cotton fabric because of the environment-friendly dyes and mordants can be reproduced again and again without hampering the environment which may vibrate the green eco-system of nature.
{"title":"Non-toxic Coloration of Cotton Fabric using Non-toxic Colorant and Nontoxic Crosslinker","authors":"Anowar Hossain, A. Samanta, Nilendu Sekhar Bhaumik, P. S. Vankar, D. Shukla","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000374","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental scientists and textile engineers concerns have been a great demand to have a pure concentration in green chemistry as the present panorama of environment is being a great threatening for the synthetic based dyeing and finishing and its negative impacts have been a great challenge both for the producers and consumers of textile sector as well as finding an alternative way has become a novel foundation of research for the scientist corner in home and abroad as everyone of human being want to get pleasure from his life. Present research works on toxic-free dyeing and finishing may impact directly to fulfil the demand of green chemistry as on-toxic dyes and mordants have been established to make coloration of cotton fabric because of the environment-friendly dyes and mordants can be reproduced again and again without hampering the environment which may vibrate the green eco-system of nature.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81576325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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