Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000383
Sulochan Hc
{"title":"Fabric Weave Pattern Detection Based on Fuzzy Clustering and Texture Orientation Features in Wavelet Domain","authors":"Sulochan Hc","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86644062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01Epub Date: 2018-04-10DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000349
K Washington, J Wason, M S Thein, L A Lavery, M R Hamblin, I L Gordon
Our aim was to confirm earlier studies showing tcPO2 to be higher under clothing made with polyethylene terephalate (PET) fabric containing ceramic particles (CEL) compared to standard PET fabric. In previous studies PET garments were donned first to avoid possible persistent effects from ceramic particles. This study randomized donning sequence to avoid bias.
Methods: Subjects were randomized to don either PET shirts first (PETF n=73) or CEL first (CELF n=80), switching garments after 90 minutes. Skin temperature (ST), arterial oxygen saturation (O2sat), and tcPO2 were measured every 30 minutes.
Results: Baseline ST and O2 sat were nearly identical in the two groups. Baseline tcPO2 was modestly higher in the CELF group than with PETF: 66.4 ± 18.9 vs. 63.9 ± 18.8 mmHg (n.s). Independent of donning sequence, tcPO2 measurements 90 minutes after wearing CEL were 6.7% higher than after 90 minutes wearing PET (p<0.0003). Sequence analysis found tcPO2 in PETF subjects to gradually rise before and after switching garments, but tcPO2 fell immediately after switching garments in CELF subjects. PETF baseline O2sat of 98.1 ± 1.3 increased insignificantly after 90 minutes, and then increased further to 98.6 ± 0.8 after wearing CEL ninety minutes (p=0.0001). CELF baseline O2sat of 97.9 ± 1.7 increased to 98.5 ± 1.1 90 minutes after donning CEL (p=0.0002) and fell to 98.3 ± 1.0 ninety minutes after switching to PET (p=0.0033).
Conclusions: The ability of ceramic-embedded fabric to induce higher tcPO2 measurements is not due to sequence bias.
{"title":"Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Effects of Far-Infrared Emitting Ceramic Fabric Shirts and Control Polyester Shirts on Transcutaneous PO<sub>2</sub>.","authors":"K Washington, J Wason, M S Thein, L A Lavery, M R Hamblin, I L Gordon","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our aim was to confirm earlier studies showing tcPO<sub>2</sub> to be higher under clothing made with polyethylene terephalate (PET) fabric containing ceramic particles (CEL) compared to standard PET fabric. In previous studies PET garments were donned first to avoid possible persistent effects from ceramic particles. This study randomized donning sequence to avoid bias.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects were randomized to don either PET shirts first (PETF n=73) or CEL first (CELF n=80), switching garments after 90 minutes. Skin temperature (ST), arterial oxygen saturation (O<sub>2</sub>sat), and tcPO<sub>2</sub> were measured every 30 minutes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline ST and O<sub>2</sub> sat were nearly identical in the two groups. Baseline tcPO<sub>2</sub> was modestly higher in the CELF group than with PETF: 66.4 ± 18.9 vs. 63.9 ± 18.8 mmHg (n.s). Independent of donning sequence, tcPO<sub>2</sub> measurements 90 minutes after wearing CEL were 6.7% higher than after 90 minutes wearing PET (p<0.0003). Sequence analysis found tcPO<sub>2</sub> in PETF subjects to gradually rise before and after switching garments, but tcPO<sub>2</sub> fell immediately after switching garments in CELF subjects. PETF baseline O<sub>2</sub>sat of 98.1 ± 1.3 increased insignificantly after 90 minutes, and then increased further to 98.6 ± 0.8 after wearing CEL ninety minutes (p=0.0001). CELF baseline O<sub>2</sub>sat of 97.9 ± 1.7 increased to 98.5 ± 1.1 90 minutes after donning CEL (p=0.0002) and fell to 98.3 ± 1.0 ninety minutes after switching to PET (p=0.0033).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ability of ceramic-embedded fabric to induce higher tcPO<sub>2</sub> measurements is not due to sequence bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2165-8064.1000349","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36624226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000354
P. Zhu, J. Liu
Butane-tetra-carboxylic acid (BTCA) and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) were added into cellulose spinning solution. The cross-linked regenerated cellulose fibers were prepared by spinning the solution into a coagulation bath of distilled water and then cured at high temperature. The optimum conditions were obtained according to the single factor experiments. The properties and structure of the fibers were investigated. FTIR and XRD show that the cross-linked fibers were prepared successfully and the crystal form of the fibers remain the same before and after cross-linked. The results indicate that the regenerated cellulose fibers prepared in this study possess more excellent wrinkle recovery ability and wash durability than those treated by finishing process.
{"title":"Preparation and Properties of Cross-Linked Regenerated Cellulose Fibers","authors":"P. Zhu, J. Liu","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000354","url":null,"abstract":"Butane-tetra-carboxylic acid (BTCA) and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) were added into cellulose spinning solution. The cross-linked regenerated cellulose fibers were prepared by spinning the solution into a coagulation bath of distilled water and then cured at high temperature. The optimum conditions were obtained according to the single factor experiments. The properties and structure of the fibers were investigated. FTIR and XRD show that the cross-linked fibers were prepared successfully and the crystal form of the fibers remain the same before and after cross-linked. The results indicate that the regenerated cellulose fibers prepared in this study possess more excellent wrinkle recovery ability and wash durability than those treated by finishing process.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79462295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.S3-001
Taame Berhanu Teklemedhin, L. Gopalakrishnan
Introduction and application of eco-friendly natural dyes on textile coloration have significant importance on the reduction of environmental pollution. Due to this reason many scientists are doing research work on natural dye application on textile materials in the past few years. Having this in mind, this investigation was concerns with the dyeing of silk fabric with colorant extracted from bark of Hambo Hambo (Cassia singueana) plant in the presence of Aloe Vera as natural mordant. Aqueous extraction method was employed for obtaining coloring components. The extraction parameters have been studied and optimum dye extraction condition was examined under UV-Visible spectroscopy which recorded its maximum absorption as (A=3.9). Silk fabric was dyed with the extracted natural dye without mordant and in the presence of synthetic and natural mordants using different mordanting techniques. The color strength, CIE L*A*B* values and fastness properties of the dyed samples were analysed according to the international standards. The Washing fastness, rubbing fastness and light fastness obtained from the directly dyed without mordant and dyed using with Aloe Vera and Copper sulphate (CuSO4.5H2O) mordants was almost similar which was recorded in the range of very good to excellent. The results of this investigation led to the conclusion that there is possibility of dyeing of silk fabric using natural dye extracted from Cassia singueana plant directly without mordant and dying in the presence of Aloe Vera with acceptable range of fastness properties of dyed silk fabric.
{"title":"Environmental Friendly Dyeing of Silk Fabric with Natural Dye Extracted from Cassia singueana Plant","authors":"Taame Berhanu Teklemedhin, L. Gopalakrishnan","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.S3-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.S3-001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and application of eco-friendly natural dyes on textile coloration have significant importance on the reduction of environmental pollution. Due to this reason many scientists are doing research work on natural dye application on textile materials in the past few years. Having this in mind, this investigation was concerns with the dyeing of silk fabric with colorant extracted from bark of Hambo Hambo (Cassia singueana) plant in the presence of Aloe Vera as natural mordant. Aqueous extraction method was employed for obtaining coloring components. The extraction parameters have been studied and optimum dye extraction condition was examined under UV-Visible spectroscopy which recorded its maximum absorption as (A=3.9). Silk fabric was dyed with the extracted natural dye without mordant and in the presence of synthetic and natural mordants using different mordanting techniques. The color strength, CIE L*A*B* values and fastness properties of the dyed samples were analysed according to the international standards. The Washing fastness, rubbing fastness and light fastness obtained from the directly dyed without mordant and dyed using with Aloe Vera and Copper sulphate (CuSO4.5H2O) mordants was almost similar which was recorded in the range of very good to excellent. The results of this investigation led to the conclusion that there is possibility of dyeing of silk fabric using natural dye extracted from Cassia singueana plant directly without mordant and dying in the presence of Aloe Vera with acceptable range of fastness properties of dyed silk fabric.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"10 2 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78365600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000378
R. Atef, Rizk Elbealy, A. Badr, Rehab Abd Elkhalek
{"title":"Performance of Knitted Fabrics Produced from Fancy Yarns with Different Slub/Meter and Blend Ratio","authors":"R. Atef, Rizk Elbealy, A. Badr, Rehab Abd Elkhalek","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87010655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000361
Mondal Mih
Cotton fibre was modified by condensation polymerization with functionalized silane coupling agents like vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) in an ethanol/water medium. The modification of cotton fibre enhanced the tensile properties, softness properties, water repellence and wrinkle recovery, due to higher flexibility of the Si-O bond between the silane coupling agents and the cotton fibre. The ability of the modified cotton fibre to swell decreased in an aqueous solution, which affects the overall chemical suitability of the fibre. The optimized condition in which to modify cotton fibre was a monomer concentration of: 500% for VTES and 600% for APTES (depending on the weight of the fibre); pH 3.5 for VTES and 5 for APTES: ethanol-water ratio 40:60 for VTES and 80:20 for APTES; reaction time of 90 minutes both for VTES and APTES at room temperature (30°C), in the fibre-liquor ratio of 1:50. Swelling of the modified cotton fibre decreased in polar solvents and increased in nonpolar solvents. Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the incorporation of siliconcontaining molecules. Energy Disperse X-ray analysis determined the quantities of atomic silicon which directly reflects its valence bond with organic moieties. Scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used to investigate the surface morphology and thermal behavior of the modified fibre, respectively. Examination of the dyeability of washed and modified cotton fibres, dyed with Reactive Brown-10 and Reactive Orange-14, showed that the absorption of dye by modified fibre was comparatively higher than that of raw cotton fibre.
{"title":"Modification of Cotton Fibre with Functionalized Silane Coupling Agents Vinyltriethoxysilane and Aminopropyltriethoxysilane","authors":"Mondal Mih","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000361","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton fibre was modified by condensation polymerization with functionalized silane coupling agents like vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) in an ethanol/water medium. The modification of cotton fibre enhanced the tensile properties, softness properties, water repellence and wrinkle recovery, due to higher flexibility of the Si-O bond between the silane coupling agents and the cotton fibre. The ability of the modified cotton fibre to swell decreased in an aqueous solution, which affects the overall chemical suitability of the fibre. The optimized condition in which to modify cotton fibre was a monomer concentration of: 500% for VTES and 600% for APTES (depending on the weight of the fibre); pH 3.5 for VTES and 5 for APTES: ethanol-water ratio 40:60 for VTES and 80:20 for APTES; reaction time of 90 minutes both for VTES and APTES at room temperature (30°C), in the fibre-liquor ratio of 1:50. Swelling of the modified cotton fibre decreased in polar solvents and increased in nonpolar solvents. Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the incorporation of siliconcontaining molecules. Energy Disperse X-ray analysis determined the quantities of atomic silicon which directly reflects its valence bond with organic moieties. Scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used to investigate the surface morphology and thermal behavior of the modified fibre, respectively. Examination of the dyeability of washed and modified cotton fibres, dyed with Reactive Brown-10 and Reactive Orange-14, showed that the absorption of dye by modified fibre was comparatively higher than that of raw cotton fibre.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88455627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000360
Ude Au, Azhari Ch
In this study the energy absorption response and load carrying capability of Bombyx mori (B. mori) natural silk fibre/Epoxy composite cylindrical tubes under an axial quasi-static compression was investigated. The composite tubes were prepared using mandrel assisted hand lay-up technique. The tube was fabricated using 24 layers of B. mori natural silk fibre, fully wetted with epoxy matrix. The tube was then cut into varied lengths of 50 mm, 80 mm, and 120 mm, respectively. Three specimens were tested in each category. The experimental results were analysed by measuring maximum peak load (Pmax), specific absorbed energy (SAE), and total energy absorption (TE) as a function of tube length. Findings show results being varied according to tube length in unpredictable manners. Failure fragmentation of the tubes was analysed from photographs obtained during the test using high resolution camera, which showed micro cracks induced by compression load as the predominant source of failure.
{"title":"On The Energy Absorption of Natural Woven Silk/Epoxy Composite Tube","authors":"Ude Au, Azhari Ch","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000360","url":null,"abstract":"In this study the energy absorption response and load carrying capability of Bombyx mori (B. mori) natural silk fibre/Epoxy composite cylindrical tubes under an axial quasi-static compression was investigated. The composite tubes were prepared using mandrel assisted hand lay-up technique. The tube was fabricated using 24 layers of B. mori natural silk fibre, fully wetted with epoxy matrix. The tube was then cut into varied lengths of 50 mm, 80 mm, and 120 mm, respectively. Three specimens were tested in each category. The experimental results were analysed by measuring maximum peak load (Pmax), specific absorbed energy (SAE), and total energy absorption (TE) as a function of tube length. Findings show results being varied according to tube length in unpredictable manners. Failure fragmentation of the tubes was analysed from photographs obtained during the test using high resolution camera, which showed micro cracks induced by compression load as the predominant source of failure.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"103 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85730425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-07DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000324
M. Natalia, Trevor Bm, S. Sa
Organisations are currently adjusting their value chains to take account of consumer demand for sustainable development. They are also responding to new understandings of sustainability in textiles and branding for consumers in a globalised world. This paper analyses and discusses the evolution of a global textile pipeline into the concept of global citizenship, in which individuals evaluate the international consequences of their local behaviour. Aiming to analyse the awareness and general understanding of consumers in regards to sustainability within the apparel industry a systemic multi-worldview field research was carried out between 2014 and 2016. To do this, three sets of semi-structured interviews were developed: one for the members of the BAFTS (British Association for Fair Trade Shops and Suppliers), one for the Marketing and Membership Coordinator of this body, and a third one to a three sustainable companies not associated to BAFTS (establishing a control group). Confronted with Sachs’ five sustainable dimensions framework the interview results were analysed, as well as future implications.
{"title":"Fair Trade and Sustainability in the British Textile Industry: An Evolution from Exploitation towards Global ‘Equality’","authors":"M. Natalia, Trevor Bm, S. Sa","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000324","url":null,"abstract":"Organisations are currently adjusting their value chains to take account of consumer demand for sustainable development. They are also responding to new understandings of sustainability in textiles and branding for consumers in a globalised world. This paper analyses and discusses the evolution of a global textile pipeline into the concept of global citizenship, in which individuals evaluate the international consequences of their local behaviour. Aiming to analyse the awareness and general understanding of consumers in regards to sustainability within the apparel industry a systemic multi-worldview field research was carried out between 2014 and 2016. To do this, three sets of semi-structured interviews were developed: one for the members of the BAFTS (British Association for Fair Trade Shops and Suppliers), one for the Marketing and Membership Coordinator of this body, and a third one to a three sustainable companies not associated to BAFTS (establishing a control group). Confronted with Sachs’ five sustainable dimensions framework the interview results were analysed, as well as future implications.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86867734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-07DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000327
F. Habashi
The Bayer process used today for the production of alumina was originally discovered in Saint Petereburg in Russia in the Tentelev Chemical Plant for supplying mordants to the textile industry. Bayer replaced the Le Chatelier process for preparing aluminum hydroxide invented in 1855 by the sintering process by his method for preparing aluminum hydroxide by seeding in 1888 then by leaching bauxite under pressure in 1892 to recover sodium hydroxide. The process was used unviserally for the treating of bauxite for supplying the growing aluminum industry by alumina.
{"title":"Alumina Production and the Textile Industry","authors":"F. Habashi","doi":"10.4172/2165-8064.1000327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000327","url":null,"abstract":"The Bayer process used today for the production of alumina was originally discovered in Saint Petereburg in Russia in the Tentelev Chemical Plant for supplying mordants to the textile industry. Bayer replaced the Le Chatelier process for preparing aluminum hydroxide invented in 1855 by the sintering process by his method for preparing aluminum hydroxide by seeding in 1888 then by leaching bauxite under pressure in 1892 to recover sodium hydroxide. The process was used unviserally for the treating of bauxite for supplying the growing aluminum industry by alumina.","PeriodicalId":17128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Science & Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75027724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}