Journal Article Alexander Borg, Rewriting Dialectal Arabic Prehistory. The Ancient Egyptian Lexical Evidence Get access Alexander Borg, Rewriting Dialectal Arabic Prehistory. The Ancient Egyptian Lexical Evidence. (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics 105). Brill, Leiden 2021. Pp. 383. Price: €139.00 hardback. ISBN: 978-90-04-47212-9. Letizia Cerqueglini Letizia Cerqueglini Tel Aviv University olimata2010@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Semitic Studies, Volume 68, Issue 1, Spring 2023, Pages e1–e6, https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgad001 Published: 22 February 2023
{"title":"<scp>Alexander Borg</scp>, <i>Rewriting Dialectal Arabic Prehistory. The Ancient Egyptian Lexical Evidence</i>","authors":"Letizia Cerqueglini","doi":"10.1093/jss/fgad001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgad001","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Alexander Borg, Rewriting Dialectal Arabic Prehistory. The Ancient Egyptian Lexical Evidence Get access Alexander Borg, Rewriting Dialectal Arabic Prehistory. The Ancient Egyptian Lexical Evidence. (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics 105). Brill, Leiden 2021. Pp. 383. Price: €139.00 hardback. ISBN: 978-90-04-47212-9. Letizia Cerqueglini Letizia Cerqueglini Tel Aviv University olimata2010@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Semitic Studies, Volume 68, Issue 1, Spring 2023, Pages e1–e6, https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgad001 Published: 22 February 2023","PeriodicalId":17130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semitic Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134942312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article examines diachronic and geographical developments in the orthography and pronunciation of Amorite names. Specifically, it studies examples of scribal reanalyses and creative spellings of Amorite names through time, as well as changes in their pronunciation and the lag of orthography behind these changes. In addition to potentially improving our analyses of particular names, the phenomena considered here further support principles observed already by others, especially the principle that names undergo linguistic developments which are somewhat distinct from those which occur in common language, so that the use of names in the reconstruction of a dead language such as Amorite, for which we have no texts, should proceed with the utmost caution. Amorite names should, first and foremost, be used as a basis for studying Amorite onomastics before they are used as a basis for studying Amorite language.
{"title":"Amorite Names through Time and Space","authors":"J Caleb Howard","doi":"10.1093/jss/fgac027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgac027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines diachronic and geographical developments in the orthography and pronunciation of Amorite names. Specifically, it studies examples of scribal reanalyses and creative spellings of Amorite names through time, as well as changes in their pronunciation and the lag of orthography behind these changes. In addition to potentially improving our analyses of particular names, the phenomena considered here further support principles observed already by others, especially the principle that names undergo linguistic developments which are somewhat distinct from those which occur in common language, so that the use of names in the reconstruction of a dead language such as Amorite, for which we have no texts, should proceed with the utmost caution. Amorite names should, first and foremost, be used as a basis for studying Amorite onomastics before they are used as a basis for studying Amorite language.","PeriodicalId":17130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semitic Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135996020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Aramaic-speaking Christian communities used to be found in large numbers in various towns and villages throughout southeastern Turkey before the large-scale migration under duress as a consequence of the hostilities in the First World War and its aftermath. Marga was once the home of one such large community of Aramaic-speaking Christians who fled to northwestern Iraq or dispersed over the globe. This paper documents new data and provides a preliminary grammatical description of the Neo-Aramaic dialect spoken by the Christians of Marga (Margaye) from a comparative dialectological perspective. It presents an overview of the characteristic features, some of which are archaic and are no longer (as) productive in other dialects. This outline is accompanied by a short sample text narrating the tale of Xazalok and Dalalok, a bedtime story well-known to people in this region.
{"title":"The Neo-Aramaic Dialect Spoken by the Christians of Marga (Şirnak, Southeastern Turkey)","authors":"Paul M Noorlander","doi":"10.1093/jss/fgac025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgac025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aramaic-speaking Christian communities used to be found in large numbers in various towns and villages throughout southeastern Turkey before the large-scale migration under duress as a consequence of the hostilities in the First World War and its aftermath. Marga was once the home of one such large community of Aramaic-speaking Christians who fled to northwestern Iraq or dispersed over the globe. This paper documents new data and provides a preliminary grammatical description of the Neo-Aramaic dialect spoken by the Christians of Marga (Margaye) from a comparative dialectological perspective. It presents an overview of the characteristic features, some of which are archaic and are no longer (as) productive in other dialects. This outline is accompanied by a short sample text narrating the tale of Xazalok and Dalalok, a bedtime story well-known to people in this region.","PeriodicalId":17130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semitic Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135996022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study focuses on the cognitive relation of interiority between an objective space and an objective ideological schema within the metaphorical use of ascending to Jerusalem. Hitherto, lexicons have failed to consider this specific metaphorical concept’s peculiar nuanced distinction within the verb עלה (ʿlh)’s horizontal and vertical spatial schemata and the verb בוא (bwʾ)’s horizontal spatial schemata. Methodologically, this study proposes a cognitive linguistic approach and argues that, apart from the horizontal spatial schemata used by the ancient Hebrew people, it seems that they also utilized unique vertical spatial schemata describing ideological experiences metaphorically.
{"title":"Ascending to Jerusalem: On Spatial Cognition, Ideology and Language in the Hebrew Bible","authors":"Adriaan Lamprecht","doi":"10.1093/jss/fgac028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgac028","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the cognitive relation of interiority between an objective space and an objective ideological schema within the metaphorical use of ascending to Jerusalem. Hitherto, lexicons have failed to consider this specific metaphorical concept’s peculiar nuanced distinction within the verb עלה (ʿlh)’s horizontal and vertical spatial schemata and the verb בוא (bwʾ)’s horizontal spatial schemata. Methodologically, this study proposes a cognitive linguistic approach and argues that, apart from the horizontal spatial schemata used by the ancient Hebrew people, it seems that they also utilized unique vertical spatial schemata describing ideological experiences metaphorically.","PeriodicalId":17130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semitic Studies","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138529593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents the edito princeps of a formerly unpublished incantation bowl written in Jewish Babylonian Aramaic. The text consists of fifteen lines and is devoted to protecting the client, his wife and his daughter against the curses of enemies and opponents. The bowl is a gift of Mr. Ismāʿīl Nāyf and is part of a collection housed in the Iraq Museum (IM 77781).
{"title":"Remarks on a New Aramaic Incantation Bowl IM 77781","authors":"Ali Faraj","doi":"10.1093/jss/fgac026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgac026","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the edito princeps of a formerly unpublished incantation bowl written in Jewish Babylonian Aramaic. The text consists of fifteen lines and is devoted to protecting the client, his wife and his daughter against the curses of enemies and opponents. The bowl is a gift of Mr. Ismāʿīl Nāyf and is part of a collection housed in the Iraq Museum (IM 77781).","PeriodicalId":17130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semitic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138529687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study examines debuccalization in Gulf Pidgin Arabic (GPA), which targets pharyngeal fricatives, /ʕ/ and /ħ/, based on the analysis of feature geometry and Optimality Theory (henceforth OT). This study relies on data elicited from interviews with 10 GPA speakers from two linguistic backgrounds, Bengali and Malayalam. This study concludes that /ʕ/ is debuccalized to [ʔ] and /ħ/ to [h] in onset position. Debuccalization is also seen as a step prior to the deletion of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position. The process of debuccalization is shown through a feature geometric representation of which the Retracted Tongue Root [RTR], as an articulator feature dominated by the pharyngeal place node in pharyngeal fricatives is prone to inertness. [RTR] inertness and the loss of pharyngeal place node are peculiar to the deletion of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position. Parallelism, as an OT model, is shown to be able to account for debuccalization in the onset in GPA while Harmonic Serialism, as another OT model, is capable of accounting for a serial derivation of which debuccalization of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position represents the first step prior to consonant deletion.
{"title":"Debuccalization in Gulf Pidgin Arabic: OT Parallelism or Harmonic Serialism","authors":"Mufleh Alqahtani, Mohammad Almoaily","doi":"10.1093/jss/fgac022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgac022","url":null,"abstract":"The current study examines debuccalization in Gulf Pidgin Arabic (GPA), which targets pharyngeal fricatives, /ʕ/ and /ħ/, based on the analysis of feature geometry and Optimality Theory (henceforth OT). This study relies on data elicited from interviews with 10 GPA speakers from two linguistic backgrounds, Bengali and Malayalam. This study concludes that /ʕ/ is debuccalized to [ʔ] and /ħ/ to [h] in onset position. Debuccalization is also seen as a step prior to the deletion of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position. The process of debuccalization is shown through a feature geometric representation of which the Retracted Tongue Root [RTR], as an articulator feature dominated by the pharyngeal place node in pharyngeal fricatives is prone to inertness. [RTR] inertness and the loss of pharyngeal place node are peculiar to the deletion of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position. Parallelism, as an OT model, is shown to be able to account for debuccalization in the onset in GPA while Harmonic Serialism, as another OT model, is capable of accounting for a serial derivation of which debuccalization of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position represents the first step prior to consonant deletion.","PeriodicalId":17130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semitic Studies","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138529592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
North Argobba is a South Ethio-Semitic idiom used by Argobba communities in the villages of Shonke and Tʾollaha (Oromiya zone of Amhara region of Ethiopia). One of the most striking features of North Argobba is the presence of the gutturals ʔ, ʕ, h and ḥ as distinct phonemes. While the importance of this feature has been recognized by the linguists, it is also been observed that not all examples of gutturals are etymologically correct. The present work provides a systematic evaluation of the sources for the North Argobba guttural phonemes ʔ, ʕ, h and ḥ. It demonstrates that these phonemes are reflexes of Proto-Ethio-Semitic gutturals with the same value, although the original picture is to some extent blurred by various phonological processes. The data of North Argobba are thus of considerable value for the phonological reconstruction of the Proto-Ethio-Semitic roots.
North Argobba是埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区奥罗米亚地区Shonke和Tʾollaha村的Argobba社区使用的一个南埃塞俄比亚闪米特习语。北阿尔戈巴最引人注目的特征之一是古特拉语ʔ、ʕ、h和ḥ 作为不同的音素。虽然语言学家已经认识到这一特征的重要性，但也有人观察到，并非所有的喉音例子在词源上都是正确的。本工作对北阿尔戈巴喉音音位ʔ、ʕ、h和ḥ. 这表明，这些音位是具有相同价值的原埃塞俄比亚-闪族喉音的反射，尽管原始画面在某种程度上被各种语音过程所模糊。因此，北阿尔戈巴的数据对原始埃塞俄比亚-闪米特词根的语音重建具有相当大的价值。
{"title":"The Gutturals in North Argobba: an Etymological Evaluation","authors":"M. Bulakh","doi":"10.1093/jss/fgac019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgac019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 North Argobba is a South Ethio-Semitic idiom used by Argobba communities in the villages of Shonke and Tʾollaha (Oromiya zone of Amhara region of Ethiopia). One of the most striking features of North Argobba is the presence of the gutturals ʔ, ʕ, h and ḥ as distinct phonemes. While the importance of this feature has been recognized by the linguists, it is also been observed that not all examples of gutturals are etymologically correct. The present work provides a systematic evaluation of the sources for the North Argobba guttural phonemes ʔ, ʕ, h and ḥ. It demonstrates that these phonemes are reflexes of Proto-Ethio-Semitic gutturals with the same value, although the original picture is to some extent blurred by various phonological processes. The data of North Argobba are thus of considerable value for the phonological reconstruction of the Proto-Ethio-Semitic roots.","PeriodicalId":17130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semitic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41870631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Otto Jastrow and Shabo Talay, Der neuaramäische Dialekt von Midyat (Miḏyoyo) Band I: Texte","authors":"Paul M Noorlander","doi":"10.1093/jss/fgac015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgac015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semitic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44591931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aaron D. Hornkohl and Geoffrey Khan (eds), New Perspectives in Biblical and Rabbinic Hebrew","authors":"Benson Whittle","doi":"10.1093/jss/fgac018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgac018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semitic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43980603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article traces the place of, and changing attitudes in the research toward, the Mizrahi sociolect of Modern Hebrew in Israel. Initially defined by Haim Blanc in the 1950s as paralleling Askhenazoid Hebrew, Blanc’s sociolinguistic definition did not evoke scholarly interest. Many scholars noted the widespread adoption of the Ashkenazoid variety and even predicted the disappearance of the Mizrahi sociolect. A shift came in the twenty-first century. A comprehensive field study by the author showed the continued, widespread existence and distribution of the Mizrahi sociolect and its impact in many linguistic spheres. This article focuses on chosen phonological issues from Mizrahi Hebrew: the realization of pharyngeals, and of ṣere, and the preservation of precise, early Hebrew forms: šeʿur and the vowel in the second radical of III-y verbs, such as x̠iketi.
{"title":"Early Phonological Traditions in a Contemporary Hebrew Sociolect","authors":"Yehudit Henshke","doi":"10.1093/jss/fgac008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgac008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article traces the place of, and changing attitudes in the research toward, the Mizrahi sociolect of Modern Hebrew in Israel. Initially defined by Haim Blanc in the 1950s as paralleling Askhenazoid Hebrew, Blanc’s sociolinguistic definition did not evoke scholarly interest. Many scholars noted the widespread adoption of the Ashkenazoid variety and even predicted the disappearance of the Mizrahi sociolect. A shift came in the twenty-first century. A comprehensive field study by the author showed the continued, widespread existence and distribution of the Mizrahi sociolect and its impact in many linguistic spheres. This article focuses on chosen phonological issues from Mizrahi Hebrew: the realization of pharyngeals, and of ṣere, and the preservation of precise, early Hebrew forms: šeʿur and the vowel in the second radical of III-y verbs, such as x̠iketi.","PeriodicalId":17130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semitic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43332085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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