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Are Pre-Service Educators Prepared to Implement Personalized Learning?: An Alignment Analysis of Educator Preparation Standards 职前教育工作者准备好实施个性化学习了吗?教育工作者准备标准的一致性分析
1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1177/00224871231201367
Ling Zhang, Richard Allen Carter, Lisa Bloom, Daron W. Kennett, Nicholas J. Hoekstra, Samantha R. Goldman, James Rujimora
Traction is growing for personalized learning (PL) as an educational innovation that aims to provide learning experiences to meet diverse learning needs. However, little research has investigated how PL is positioned in professional standards that provide guidance on teacher education across content-specific disciplines and for diverse learner populations. Using an alignment methodology, this study identified and analyzed 193 out of 654 educator preparation standard components in the U.S. education system for the presence of teaching practices that may better respond to the need for PL implementation. This research revealed different percentages of standard components reflecting expectations for educators to understand learner characteristics, tailor instruction to learner needs, and advocate for promoting learning outcomes for individual learners. Moreover, noticeable patterns exist among standards across disciplines and for diverse learner populations regarding how they focus on knowledge, competencies, and dispositions in relation to preparing educators for PL implementation.
个性化学习(PL)作为一种旨在提供学习体验以满足多样化学习需求的教育创新,其吸引力正在增长。然而,很少有研究调查PL在专业标准中是如何定位的,这些标准为教师教育提供了跨特定学科和不同学习者群体的指导。使用校准方法,本研究确定并分析了美国教育系统中654个教育工作者准备标准组件中的193个,以使教学实践能够更好地响应PL实施的需要。这项研究揭示了不同比例的标准成分反映了对教育者的期望,即了解学习者的特征,根据学习者的需求定制教学,并倡导促进个体学习者的学习成果。此外,在跨学科和不同学习者群体的标准中,存在着值得注意的模式,这些模式涉及到他们如何关注知识、能力和与教育工作者为PL实施做好准备有关的性格。
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引用次数: 0
Community-Based Teacher Education: The Experiences of Teacher Candidates Learning Alongside Grassroots Youth Organizers 基于社区的教师教育:候选教师与基层青年组织者一起学习的经验
1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1177/00224871231201838
Kaitlin E. Popielarz
This community-based action research (CBAR) project acknowledges and disrupts existing systemic barriers to bring teacher candidates and grassroots youth organizers together through dialogue and reflection for transformative action. The practice of community-based pedagogy is described and utilized to demonstrate how critical understandings of community may imagine new ways of learning in conventional teacher education programs. This process enhances teacher candidates’ understanding and use of community-based pedagogy while supporting youth organizers in social justice initiatives within schools and communities. The findings, which draw from the CBAR project of a white, cis-gender woman who is a teacher educator-scholar-community organizer, provide implications for teacher educators aiming to foster collaborative partnerships with youth-centered grassroots community organizations and intergenerational community members. Teacher educators are invited to engage in paradigm shifts to curate community-based teacher education programs that are stimulated by and benefit local schools and communities.
这个以社区为基础的行动研究(CBAR)项目承认并打破现有的系统性障碍,通过对话和反思,将教师候选人和基层青年组织者聚集在一起,采取变革行动。以社区为基础的教学法的实践被描述和利用来展示社区的批判性理解如何可以想象传统教师教育计划中的新学习方式。这一过程提高了教师候选人对社区教学法的理解和使用,同时支持青年组织者在学校和社区内开展社会正义倡议。该研究结果来自一位从事教师教育学者社区组织者的白人顺性女性的CBAR项目,为旨在促进与以青年为中心的基层社区组织和代际社区成员的合作伙伴关系的教师教育工作者提供了启示。教师教育工作者被邀请参与范式转变,策划由当地学校和社区激发并使其受益的以社区为基础的教师教育计划。
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引用次数: 0
Preparing the Expert Novice: Preservice Teacher Thinking and Efficacy in Inquiry Design 预备专家新手:职前教师思考与探究设计效能
1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1177/00224871231202956
Kristy A. Brugar, Amy Allen, Kathryn L. Roberts, Kamrin Ratcliff, Caitlin Capps
In this study, we share the understandings and the reflections of preservice teachers as they engage in focus group interviews about inquiry in social studies, generally, and their reactions to publicly available Inquiry Design Model blueprints. These preservice teachers first discussed their understanding of inquiry, which was rooted in their university coursework. They then described their self-efficacy for implementing inquiry, generally, and the IDM blueprint, specifically, in their current field placements and future classrooms. This envisioned implementation often involved adaptations of the blueprints. Our goal in this research was to reconsider how preservice teachers experience and learn about social studies inquiry and, as a result of these experiences, whether and how they see themselves implementing social studies inquiry with students. This study can inform teacher educators to proactively address common barriers and better support preservice teachers.
在本研究中,我们分享了职前教师在参与社会研究探究性焦点小组访谈时的理解和反思,以及他们对公开可用的探究设计模型蓝图的反应。这些职前教师首先讨论了他们对探究的理解,这些理解根植于他们的大学课程。然后,他们描述了他们在目前的实地实习和未来的课堂上实施探究的自我效能感,以及IDM蓝图。这种设想的实现通常涉及对蓝图的调整。我们在这项研究中的目标是重新考虑职前教师如何体验和学习社会研究探究,以及作为这些经历的结果,他们是否以及如何看待自己与学生一起实施社会研究探究。本研究可为教师教育工作者主动解决常见障碍,更好地支持职前教师提供参考。
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引用次数: 1
Reframing High-Quality Mentoring: Between Teacher Mentoring and Visions of Teaching as a Profession 重构高质量的师徒关系:教师师徒关系与教学职业观之间的关系
1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1177/00224871231200276
Tal Carmi
Visions of teacher professionalism may shape common conceptualizations of high-quality mentoring, sometimes distortedly. Nevertheless, this relationship is often unnoticed, and studies rarely analyze mentor–teachers’ work according to their interrelating visions. This multiple case study aimed at this literature gap. It examined the goals that accomplished mentor-teachers promoted and their practices and found four mentoring styles that characterized these mentors. After, it interrogated how the mentoring styles interrelated with three distinct visions of teacher professionalism (teachers as intellectuals, craftspeople, or artists). Findings challenge the idea that mentor-teachers’ work can be evaluated as either advancing or degrading teacher professionalism. The study questions this framing of mentoring literature and suggests that a bipolar logic could mislead us to forsake essential aspects of mentoring, for instance, ones associated with apprenticeship relations. The study concludes by offering to replace the bipolar logic with a more balanced consideration of the different aspects of teacher mentoring.
教师专业化的愿景可能会塑造高质量指导的共同概念,有时是扭曲的。然而,这种关系往往被忽视,研究很少根据他们的相互关系来分析导师-教师的工作。这个多案例研究针对这一文献空白。它考察了导师型教师所促进的目标和他们的实践,并发现了这些导师的四种指导风格。之后,它询问了师徒风格如何与教师专业主义的三种不同愿景(教师作为知识分子,工匠或艺术家)相关联。研究结果挑战了导师-教师的工作可以被评价为提高或降低教师专业精神的观点。该研究质疑了这种指导文献的框架,并建议两极逻辑可能误导我们放弃指导的基本方面,例如,与学徒关系相关的方面。本研究的结论是,以更平衡地考虑教师辅导的不同方面来取代双相逻辑。
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引用次数: 0
Different Methods for Assessing Preservice Teachers’ Instruction: Why Measures Matter 职前教师教学评估的不同方法:为什么测量很重要
1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1177/00224871231200279
Arielle Boguslav, Julie Cohen
Teacher preparation programs are increasingly expected to use data on preservice teacher (PST) skills to drive program improvement and provide targeted supports. Observational ratings are especially vital, but also prone to measurement issues. Scores may be influenced by factors unrelated to PSTs’ instructional skills, including rater standards. Yet we know little about how these measurement challenges play out in the preservice context specifically. Here, we investigate the reliability and sensitivity of two observational measures. We find measures collected during student teaching are especially prone to measurement issues; only 3% to 4% of variation in scores reflects consistent differences between PSTs, while 9% to 17% of variation can be attributed to the mentors with whom they work. When high scores stem not from strong instructional skills, but instead from external circumstances, we cannot use them to make consequential decisions about PSTs’ individual needs or readiness for independent teaching.
越来越多的人期望教师培训项目使用职前教师(PST)技能数据来推动项目改进并提供有针对性的支持。观察评级尤其重要,但也容易出现测量问题。分数可能受到与pst教学技能无关的因素的影响,包括评分标准。然而,我们对这些测量挑战如何具体地在职前环境中发挥作用知之甚少。在这里,我们研究了两种观测措施的可靠性和灵敏度。我们发现在学生教学过程中收集的测量数据特别容易出现测量问题;只有3%至4%的分数差异反映了pst之间的一致差异,而9%至17%的差异可归因于与他们一起工作的导师。当高分不是来自强大的教学技能,而是来自外部环境时,我们就不能用它们来对pst的个人需求或独立教学的准备情况做出相应的决定。
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引用次数: 0
Acting Upon Student Voice-Based Teaching Assessment Initiatives: An Account of Participatory Action Research for Teacher Professional Learning 基于学生声音的教学评估行动:教师专业学习参与式行动研究述评
1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1177/00224871231200278
Ilana Finefter-Rosenbluh, Amanda Berry, Tracii Ryan
Numerous nations implement Student Perception Surveys (SPS) in their schools to assess teaching for student learning improvement. However, research suggests no significant change in teachers’ practices following such student voice-based assessment initiatives, noting their struggle to act upon it. Utilizing the pyramid of student voice as a key framework, we investigate how a Participatory Action Research (PAR)-based professional development (PD) shapes a group of Australian secondary teachers’ interaction with SPS and professional learning. Analyses of the teachers’ interviews, research projects, and reflective notes about their use of SPS illustrate how the PAR-based PD informed their practice, specifically: (i) transforming ‘survey fatigue’ to increased student voice; (ii) contemplating personal, professional, and political entanglements; and (iii) (re)building teacher agency—employing SPS as collective learning tools of professional empowerment rather than accountability measures of teaching. Implications include pathways to strengthen teachers’ agency—honoring their professionalism—in assessment spaces increasingly shaped by student voices.
许多国家在其学校实施学生感知调查(SPS),以评估教学对学生学习的改善。然而,研究表明,在这种基于学生语音的评估倡议之后,教师的做法没有显著变化,并指出他们很难采取行动。利用学生声音金字塔作为关键框架,我们研究了参与式行动研究(PAR)为基础的专业发展(PD)如何塑造一群澳大利亚中学教师与SPS和专业学习的互动。对教师访谈、研究项目和关于他们使用SPS的反思笔记的分析说明了基于par的PD如何影响他们的实践,特别是:(i)将“调查疲劳”转化为增加学生的声音;(ii)考虑个人、职业和政治上的纠缠;(iii)(重新)建立教师机构——采用SPS作为专业授权的集体学习工具,而不是教学问责措施。其影响包括在日益受到学生声音影响的评估领域加强教师的能动性——尊重他们的专业性。
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引用次数: 0
Teachers and School Leaders’ Readiness for Parental Engagement: Critical Policy Analysis of Canadian Standards 教师和学校领导对家长参与的准备:加拿大标准的关键政策分析
1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1177/00224871231199365
Max Antony-Newman
Teacher readiness for parental engagement is a vital competence in the context of increased emphasis on engaging parents in K–12 schools. The rise in the standards movement in education led to the inclusion of parental engagement in teacher standards. Here, critical policy analysis of teacher standards shows how teachers’ and school leaders’ readiness for parental engagement is addressed in Canadian policy documents. Teacher readiness is conceptualized as the ability to establish relationships, support communication, and build partnerships with parents and families. Current policy provisions support teachers’ capacity for parental engagement by introducing the asset-based approach to engagement and acknowledging the diversity among parents. Nevertheless, teacher standards fail to distinguish between parental involvement in schooling and parental engagement in education/learning and remain silent on the role of social inequality in parental engagement. Implications for new teacher standards include centering parental engagement on parents and families and tackling inequality in parental engagement.
在K-12学校越来越重视家长参与的背景下,教师对家长参与的准备是一项至关重要的能力。教育标准运动的兴起导致家长参与到教师标准中。这里,对教师标准的关键政策分析显示了加拿大政策文件中如何解决教师和学校领导对家长参与的准备问题。教师准备被定义为与父母和家庭建立关系、支持交流和建立伙伴关系的能力。目前的政策规定通过引入基于资产的参与方法和承认家长之间的多样性来支持教师参与家长参与的能力。然而,教师标准未能区分父母参与学校教育和父母参与教育/学习,并且对社会不平等在父母参与中的作用保持沉默。新教师标准的含义包括将父母参与的中心放在父母和家庭上,并解决父母参与中的不平等问题。
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引用次数: 0
Mapping the Indigenous Postcolonial Possibilities of Teacher Preparation 绘制本土后殖民时期教师准备的可能性
1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/00224871231199361
Anna Lees, Ann Marie Ryan, Marissa Muñoz, Charles Tocci
In this article, a team of teacher educators collectively think through the many possibilities of how concepts such as decolonization, abolition, and fugitivity intersect with and are taken up by teacher education programs. To do so, we undertook a critical interpretive synthesis of scholarly literature spanning 2000 to 2020 to locate, examine, and organize existing examples of teacher education programs that work to transgress hegemonic colonial models of education. We revisit de Oliveira Andreotti et al.’s social cartography as a framework for comparing the theoretical foundations and social implications of each teacher education program.
在这篇文章中,一个教师教育团队共同思考了许多可能性,如非殖民化、废除和逃亡等概念如何与教师教育项目交叉并被教师教育项目所采用。为此,我们对2000年至2020年的学术文献进行了批判性的解释性综合,以定位、检查和组织现有的教师教育项目的例子,这些例子试图超越霸权殖民的教育模式。我们重新审视de Oliveira Andreotti等人的社会制图作为比较每个教师教育计划的理论基础和社会影响的框架。
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引用次数: 0
“Placing Equity Front and Center” for Teacher Education in a Time of Crisis 危机时期的教师教育“以公平为中心”
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1177/00224871231189792
K. McDonough, S. Nieto, Valerie Hill-Jackson, C. Craig
Although equity-minded practitioners, scholars, and policymakers in the field of teacher education believed we were making slow but steady progress in educational parity, we find this certainty tested at a critical time in history. As this editorial was being finalized on June 29, 2023, the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education (AACTE) was forced to respond to the ruling by the United States Supreme Court in Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard University and University of North Carolina (2023), declaring the pronouncement to strike down affirmative action and other racial and ethnic preferences in college admissions as “contrary to our collective efforts to build an educator workforce that is diverse and representative” (American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education [AACTE], 2023, para. 1). Affirmative action does not focus on specific quotas but rather on targeted goals to tackle past discrimination in a particular institution or in broader society through “good-faith efforts . . . to identify, select, and train potentially qualified men and women” (Feinberg, 2005, p. 272). Already plagued by a lack of representation of teachers of color in university educator preparation programs (AACTE, 2018) and U.S. classrooms (Hill-Jackson, 2017; National Center for Education Statistics [NCES], 2018), practitioners and scholars of teacher education sustain a collective gut punch as we ponder how the impactful work of equity in teacher education would continue in a politically polarized nation.
尽管教师教育领域具有公平意识的从业者、学者和政策制定者认为,我们在教育平等方面取得了缓慢但稳定的进展,但我们发现,这种确定性在历史的关键时刻受到了考验。由于这篇社论于2023年6月29日定稿,美国师范教育学院协会(AACTE)被迫对美国最高法院关于学生公平录取,股份有限公司诉哈佛大学和北卡罗来纳大学校长和研究员(2023年)的裁决作出回应,宣布在大学招生中打击平权行动和其他种族和族裔偏好的声明“违背了我们建立一支多样化和有代表性的教育工作者队伍的集体努力”(美国师范教育学院协会[AACTE],2023,第1段)。平权行动并不侧重于具体的配额,而是着眼于有针对性的目标,通过“真诚的努力……识别、选择和培训潜在合格的男女”来解决特定机构或更广泛社会中过去的歧视问题(Feinberg,2005,第272页)。有色人种教师在大学教育工作者准备项目(AACTE,2018)和美国课堂上缺乏代表性(Hill Jackson,2017;国家教育统计中心[NCES],2018),当我们思考在一个政治两极分化的国家,教师教育公平的有效工作将如何继续时,教师教育的从业者和学者们承受着集体的打击。
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引用次数: 0
Rethinking Collective Reflection in Teacher Professional Development 教师专业发展中集体反思的再思考
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-07-24 DOI: 10.1177/00224871231188702
Aliza Segal
Collective reflection, which has become a de rigueur activity in teacher training and professional development, is predicated upon Schön’s theory of reflective practice. This concept, according to which people learn to be reflective-in-action through reflection on practice, relates primarily to individual and one-on-one mentorship processes. The shift from individual to collective processes has gone largely unstudied and unproblematized. This study of collective teacher reflection in a professional development workshop calls prevailing assumptions into question by bringing an alternative lens, textual trajectories, to bear on this ubiquitous activity to better account for oft-ignored issues of context and identity. Using linguistic ethnographic methods, it traces textual trajectories of key ideas indexed in a collective reflection event. Key findings include the nonlinearity of the reflective process and the centrality of identity-work in collective teacher reflection. This study thus reveals functions of this ritual that belie its ostensible purposes and suggest a rethinking of this practice.
集体反思已经成为教师培训和专业发展的一项必要活动,它建立在施的反思实践理论的基础上。根据这一概念,人们通过对实践的反思来学会在行动中进行反思,这主要与个人和一对一的指导过程有关。从个人进程到集体进程的转变在很大程度上没有经过研究,也没有问题。这项关于教师在专业发展研讨会上集体反思的研究,通过引入另一种视角,即文本轨迹,对这种普遍存在的活动产生影响,从而更好地解释经常被忽视的背景和身份问题,从而对主流假设提出了质疑。使用语言人种学方法,它追踪了在集体反思事件中索引的关键思想的文本轨迹。主要发现包括反思过程的非线性和身份工作在教师集体反思中的中心性。因此,这项研究揭示了这种仪式的功能,这些功能掩盖了其表面上的目的,并建议重新思考这种做法。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Teacher Education
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