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Do Simulated Teaching Experiences Impact Elementary Preservice Teachers’ Ability to Facilitate Argumentation-Focused Discussions in Mathematics and Science? 模拟教学经历会影响小学职前教师促进数学和科学中以论证为中心的讨论的能力吗?
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.1177/00224871221142842
Jamie N. Mikeska, Heather Howell, Devon Kinsey
Recently scholars have advocated for using teachers’ practice as a site for teacher learning. The recent proliferation of online, digital spaces, including simulated classrooms, has paved the way for novel approaches within practice-based teacher education. Yet, limited research has investigated the extent to which and how the use of online, simulated teaching experiences promote teacher learning of core teaching practices. The purpose of this study was to examine whether and how integrating simulated teaching experiences into teacher education coursework impacts preservice teacher (PST) learning. Findings showed that the use of simulated teaching experiences within elementary teacher education methods courses resulted in evidence of statistically significant growth in PSTs’ ability to engage in one core teaching practice: facilitating argumentation-focused discussions.
近年来,学者们提倡将教师实践作为教师学习的场所。最近,包括模拟教室在内的在线数字空间的激增,为基于实践的教师教育的新方法铺平了道路。然而,有限的研究调查了在线、模拟教学体验的使用在多大程度上以及如何促进教师对核心教学实践的学习。摘要本研究旨在探讨将模拟教学经验纳入教师教育课程是否会影响职前教师学习,以及如何影响职前教师学习。研究结果表明,在小学教师教育方法课程中使用模拟教学经验,有证据表明,pst参与一项核心教学实践的能力有统计学上的显著增长:促进以论证为中心的讨论。
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引用次数: 3
The Development of Collaborative Advocacy: Dialogic Engagements Over Time and Texts 合作倡导的发展:跨时间和文本的对话参与
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.1177/00224871221142845
Catherine J. Michener, Sora Suh
This article contributes to a growing conversation of teachers’ advocacy for marginalized students. We follow a cohort of teachers’ advocacy from their English as a second language certification courses into their work in one linguistically diverse school district. Dialogic discourse analyses of 3 years of discussions show the types of advocacy in which the teachers engaged, and identify five foundational discourse moves teachers employed to develop ideas and manage the relational complexity of advocacy. Findings provide evidence of the important role of intertextuality: voices across time and texts facilitated the teachers’ advocacy efforts. We offer a revised definition of language teacher advocacy to emphasize its discursive nature, arguing that an examination of the dialogic processes of advocacy work can help better delineate how it develops iteratively, contextually, and not always successfully. We implicate teacher education as an important catalyst for the preparation of teachers’ advocacy for under-served and historically marginalized English-learning students.
这篇文章促成了一场关于教师为边缘化学生辩护的日益增长的对话。我们跟随一群教师的倡导,从他们的英语作为第二语言认证课程到他们在一个语言多样化的学区的工作。对3年讨论的对话话语分析显示了教师参与的倡导类型,并确定了教师用于发展思想和管理倡导关系复杂性的五种基本话语运动。研究结果为互文性的重要作用提供了证据:跨越时间和文本的声音促进了教师的宣传工作。我们提供了一个修订的语言教师倡导的定义,以强调其话语性质,认为对倡导工作的对话过程的检查可以帮助更好地描述它是如何迭代地、语境地发展的,而不是总是成功的。我们认为教师教育是一个重要的催化剂,可以帮助教师为服务不足和历史上被边缘化的英语学习学生辩护。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying and Negotiating Productive Instructional Improvement Goals in One-on-One Mathematics Coaching 在一对一数学辅导中确定和协商生产性教学改进目标
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.1177/00224871221143124
Nicholas Kochmanski, P. Cobb
A major affordance of one-on-one mathematics coaching is its potential to provide individualized, contextualized support for mathematics teachers’ learning. Coaches can adjust their work to individual teachers by focusing on instructional improvement goals that take account of teachers’ current knowledge, practice, and classroom contexts. It is, however, essential that coaches and teachers work to attain productive instructional improvement goals that are both feasible for teachers to attain and likely to result in immediate improvements in students’ learning, if attained. In this article, we describe how coaches can identify productive goals for individual teachers and then, on that basis, negotiate goals successfully with teachers, thereby supporting teachers in seeing productive goals as worthwhile. By describing these two processes, we further clarify the forms of coaching-specific expertise central to effective one-on-one mathematics coaching.
一对一数学辅导的一个主要启示是它有可能为数学教师的学习提供个性化、情境化的支持。教练可以通过关注教学改进目标来调整他们的工作,这些目标考虑到教师当前的知识、实践和课堂环境。然而,至关重要的是,教练和教师要努力实现富有成效的教学改进目标,这些目标对教师来说是可行的,如果实现了,很可能会立即改善学生的学习。在这篇文章中,我们描述了教练如何为个别教师确定生产性目标,然后在此基础上与教师成功协商目标,从而支持教师认为生产性目标是有价值的。通过描述这两个过程,我们进一步阐明了有效的一对一数学辅导的核心辅导形式。
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引用次数: 2
Stepping in or Stepping On: Mentor Teachers’ Preferences for Mentoring Inside and Outside of Interactive Teaching 介入还是介入:互动式教学中导师教师对指导的偏好
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.1177/00224871221142843
S. Kavanagh, S. Feiman-Nemser, Karen Hammerness, Kavita Kapadia Matsko, J. Wallace
Much research describes how mentor and novice teachers interact when pupils are not present (e.g., co-planning, debriefing). However, little research investigates how mentor/novice pairs interact when K–12 students are present. This gap in the literature is significant because research suggests that without intentional mediation, novices often fail to see much of what happens in classrooms. This article investigates and conceptualizes what 27 mentors think about mentoring practices that occur outside versus inside of instructional time. An analysis of mentor interviews found that mentors prefer to interact with novices outside of instructional time because they fear undercutting novices’ authority and autonomy when interacting with them during instruction. However, findings also suggest that hybrid practices (those that straddle the outside/inside boundary) are valued by mentors although they are rarely enacted. This finding has implications for programs interested in supporting mentors to diversify the practices they employ to support novice teachers.
许多研究描述了当学生不在场时,导师和新手教师如何互动(例如,共同计划、汇报)。然而,很少有研究调查当K-12学生在场时,导师/新手对是如何互动的。文献中的这一差距很大,因为研究表明,如果没有有意的调解,新手往往看不到课堂上发生的很多事情。本文调查并概念化了27位导师对教学时间外与教学时间内的辅导实践的看法。一项对导师访谈的分析发现,导师更喜欢在教学时间之外与新手互动,因为他们担心在教学期间与新手互动会削弱他们的权威和自主权。然而,研究结果也表明,混合实践(跨越外部/内部边界的实践)受到导师的重视,尽管它们很少被实施。这一发现对有兴趣支持导师的项目具有启示意义,以使他们为支持新手教师而采用的实践多样化。
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引用次数: 1
(Re)Constructing Teacher Knowledge: Old Quests for New Reform (二)教师知识建构:新变革的旧探索
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1177/00224871221137622
Valerie Hill-Jackson, C. Craig
In the May 2006 issue of the Journal of Teacher Education, Linda Darling-Hammond tenders an illuminating appraisal of three intersecting categories of knowledge that teachers need in the 21st century: knowledge of learners, knowledge of subject matter, and knowledge of teaching. By no means does this editorial attempt to punch holes into the evidence or rationality of her proposed arguments. We avoid such futility here as the three-grouping framework of teacher knowledge, which was conceived by Shulman (1981, 1986), expounded upon by the National Commission on Teaching and America’s Future (2003), and problematized by Darling-Hammond (2006), unveils an operational clarity for those who appreciate the realms or the “what” of teacher knowledge specifically, and the implications for teacher education more broadly. In advancing this conversation, we extend Darling-Hammond’s discourse on the three areas of teacher knowledge to gain a renewed perspective—considering the burgeoning theories, practices, and research taking place in the field. Darling-Hammond captures the potential of teacher knowledge when she proposes that
在2006年5月出版的《教师教育杂志》上,Linda Darling Hammond对21世纪教师需要的三类交叉知识进行了富有启发性的评价:学习者的知识、学科知识和教学知识。这篇社论并没有试图在她提出的论点的证据或合理性上打孔。我们在这里避免了这种徒劳,因为Shulman(19811986)构想的、国家教学与美国未来委员会(2003)阐述的、Darling Hammond(2006)提出的教师知识的三组框架,为那些特别欣赏教师知识的领域或“什么”的人揭示了一种操作上的清晰性,以及对更广泛的教师教育的影响。在推进这场对话的过程中,我们扩展了Darling Hammond关于教师知识三个领域的论述,以获得一个新的视角——考虑到该领域正在兴起的理论、实践和研究。Darling Hammond抓住了教师知识的潜力,她提出
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引用次数: 1
Teachers’ Conceptions of Fairness in Classroom Assessment: An Empirical Study 教师课堂评价公平观的实证研究
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-11-04 DOI: 10.1177/00224871221130742
A. Rasooli, Abdollah Rasegh, H. Zandi, Tahereh Firoozi
With heightened equity pursuits in 21st century schools and the key role of assessment in teachers’ concerns with educational equity, scholars have recently attempted to empirically investigate teachers’ conceptions of fairness in classroom assessment. This study contributes to this growing literature and draws on interview data from 27 experienced high school teachers to further appreciate the factors that propel teachers’ fairness conceptions. The results indicate that the teachers’ conceptions of fairness in classroom assessment were influenced by three themes: (a) individual mechanisms, (b) social mechanisms, and (c) dialectical relationships between individual and social mechanisms. These themes underscored how teachers’ individual philosophies and experiences interacted with their encounters with social conditions of society, schools, and classrooms to influence their conceptions and articulated practices of fairness in classroom assessments. The results contribute to provoke conversations around assessment fairness education during pre- and in-service programs.
随着21世纪学校对公平的追求越来越高,以及评估在教师关注教育公平中的关键作用,学者们最近试图实证调查教师在课堂评估中的公平观念。本研究通过对27名高中教师的访谈数据,进一步了解影响教师公平观念的因素。结果表明,教师课堂评价公平观受到三个主题的影响:(a)个体机制、(b)社会机制、(c)个体机制与社会机制的辩证关系。这些主题强调了教师的个人哲学和经验如何与他们遇到的社会、学校和课堂的社会条件相互作用,从而影响他们对课堂评估公平的概念和明确的实践。研究结果有助于激发有关在职前和在职评估公平教育的讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Agents, Agency, and Teacher Education 代理人、代理和教师教育
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.1177/00224871221123724
Marilyn Cochran-Smith, C. Craig, L. Orland‐Barak, Chelsea Cole, Valerie Hill-Jackson
Goodlad believed that teachers played a central role in schooling, which was a moral enterprise that shaped our changing democratic society. However, in visits to colleges and universities across the nation, Goodlad and his colleagues found that almost no teacher education programs included preparing teachers to be agents of change as part of their purpose. He lamented, “Somehow, the idea that we are our own best agents of change and the will to act have taken a second seat to quiescence” (p. 398). Perhaps times have not changed so much in terms of excoriating critiques of teacher education from both insiders and outsiders. But they have changed in terms of teacher education and agency. Today, many topics related to teacher agency are of central interest in teacher education research, practice, and policy, including conceptualizing teacher agency; preparing agentic educators across the lifespan; the role of teacher agency in curriculum change, social justice agendas, and school reform; and, teacher agency in the face of restrictive performativity and other policies.1 In this editorial, we consider three key ideas related to teacher agency that we think are especially important for teacher education.
古德认为,教师在学校教育中发挥着核心作用,学校教育是一项道德事业,塑造了我们不断变化的民主社会。然而,在对全国高校的访问中,古德拉德和他的同事们发现,几乎没有教师教育项目将培养教师成为变革的推动者作为其目标的一部分。他哀叹道,“不知何故,我们是自己最好的变革推动者的想法和行动的意愿已经让位于沉默”(第398页)。也许,就内外人士对教师教育的严厉批评而言,时代并没有发生太大变化。但他们在教师教育和代理方面发生了变化。今天,许多与教师代理相关的话题是教师教育研究、实践和政策的核心兴趣,包括教师代理的概念;在一生中培养真正的教育工作者;教师在课程改革、社会公正议程和学校改革中的作用;并且,教师代理在面对限制性绩效和其他政策在这篇社论中,我们考虑了与教师代理有关的三个我们认为对教师教育特别重要的关键思想。
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引用次数: 2
Preparing in Advance to Respond in-the-Moment: Investigating Parallel Changes in Planning and Enactment in Teacher Professional Development 提前准备以应对当下:教师专业发展规划与实施的平行变化研究
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1177/00224871221121767
S. Kavanagh, Katie A. Danielson, Elizabeth Schiavone Gotwalt
Despite warrants for classroom discussion, research consistently finds that discussions in K-12 classrooms remain rare. Our research investigates whether and in what ways practice-based teacher learning opportunities focused on discussion facilitation influence opportunities for student talk. Grounded in data from a job-embedded professional development program for fourth- to eighth-grade literacy teachers, we analyzed videos of teachers co-planning and co-facilitating discussions with students. Findings indicate that, across 1 year, during co-facilitated classroom discussions, teacher talk decreased, while student talk increased. In a parallel finding, our analysis of co-planning sessions revealed that the ways teachers planned for discussions also changed. Teachers went from engaging only in what we call proactive pedagogical reasoning to balancing that with what we have come to call responsive pedagogical reasoning.
尽管有必要进行课堂讨论,但研究始终发现,K-12课堂上的讨论仍然很少。我们的研究调查了专注于讨论促进的基于实践的教师学习机会是否以及以何种方式影响学生谈话的机会。基于四至八年级识字教师职业发展计划的数据,我们分析了教师与学生共同规划和促进讨论的视频。研究结果表明,在一年的时间里,在共同促进的课堂讨论中,教师的谈话减少,而学生的谈话增加。在一项平行的发现中,我们对共同计划会议的分析表明,教师计划讨论的方式也发生了变化。教师们从只参与我们所说的积极的教学推理,到平衡这一点与我们所称的反应性教学推理。
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引用次数: 3
“It’s Not Easy, But It Needs to Be Done”: Educators’ Perceptions of Preparedness to Teach Students With Internalizing Mental Health Needs “这并不容易,但需要做”:教育工作者对培养具有内在心理健康需求的学生的准备意识
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/00224871221121278
A. R. Firestone, Rebecca A. Cruz
This mixed methods study surveyed 209 K-12 special education teachers about their perceptions of preparedness to teach students with mental health needs that manifest internally (e.g., quiet distress, withdrawal, excessive worry). We used a construct-modeling approach to develop the survey instrument and establish evidence of validity, reliability, and fairness, and it included both multiple-choice questions, used for descriptive and regression analyses, and open-ended items, coded to identify key themes. Results indicated that special educators generally had low perceptions of preparedness to support students with internalizing needs. In addition, we found that participants possessed critical misconceptions about research-based practices for supporting students with these needs in the school context, and that differences in perceptions of preparedness were associated with teachers’ race and the grade level at which they taught.
这项混合方法研究调查了209名K-12特殊教育教师,了解他们对教育有心理健康需求的学生的准备情况(如安静的痛苦、退缩、过度担忧)。我们使用结构建模方法来开发调查工具,并建立有效性、可靠性和公平性的证据,其中包括用于描述性和回归分析的多项选择题,以及用于识别关键主题的开放式项目。结果表明,特殊教育工作者对支持有内化需求的学生的准备程度普遍较低。此外,我们发现,参与者对在学校环境中支持有这些需求的学生的基于研究的做法存在严重误解,对准备的看法差异与教师的种族和他们所教的年级水平有关。
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引用次数: 1
Pushing Through: Developing Teacher Identity Under Times of Crisis 突破:危机时期教师身份的塑造
IF 3.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/00224871221121285
S. Sanders-Smith, A. Olguín, Kutasha Bryan-Silva
Field experiences during teacher preparation programs support teacher candidates in forming and reforming teacher identities through real-world teaching situations. Trying out teaching approaches with children, reflecting on practice, and collaborating with cooperating teachers support teacher candidates in building a teacher identity. However, at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, public schools closed in many states, requiring that field placements either end or change significantly. This is a study of five teacher candidates in an early childhood teacher preparation program. These candidates’ field placement ended in March 2020, requiring that university faculty develop an alternative teaching placement. Using Bourdieusian theoretical concepts of habitus, field, and doxa, this study explores how the candidates perceived this change and how they were able to continue to reflect and build their teacher identities.
教师培训计划中的实地经验支持教师候选人通过现实教学情境形成和改革教师身份。与孩子一起尝试教学方法,反思实践,与合作教师合作,有助于教师候选人建立教师身份。然而,在美国COVID-19大流行开始时,许多州的公立学校关闭,要求实地实习结束或发生重大变化。这是一项对幼儿教师预备项目中五位教师候选人的研究。这些候选人的实地实习于2020年3月结束,要求大学教师开发替代教学实习。本研究利用布尔迪乌斯的习惯、场域和doxa的理论概念,探讨了候选人如何感知这种变化,以及他们如何能够继续反映和建立他们的教师身份。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Teacher Education
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