Pub Date : 2023-08-09DOI: 10.1177/10996362231194713
Amin Montazeri, Amirhosein Hasani, M. Safarabadi
By utilizing 3D printing technology, experimental three-point bending (TPB) tests, and finite element analysis, six honeycomb structures with a variety of overall Poisson’s ratios (PR) are studied and compared in terms of bending properties and failure mechanisms. Four novel honeycombs that are designed by hybridizing hexagonal and re-entrant units outperform benchmark conventional honeycombs in terms of load-carrying capacity. Architected hybrid geometry honeycombs with zero PR show excellent specific energy absorption capability in comparison to benchmark honeycombs, absorbing approximately 136.9% and 475.1% more energy under TPB. 3D-printed honeycombs consisting of hexagonal units face layer separation damage mode under bending, while honeycombs with re-entrant cells in their lattice fail with joint shear due to the angle of their struts towards loadings. Designing honeycombs with a hybrid geometry lattice can enhance the load-carrying capacity, specific energy absorption, flexibility, and flexural modulus of the structure under bending. Due to their superior performance, the proposed architected hybrid geometry honeycombs with various Poisson’s ratios own promising applications in automotive, protective, and construction industries.
{"title":"Bending performance and failure mechanism of 3D-printed hybrid geometry honeycombs with various poisson’s ratios","authors":"Amin Montazeri, Amirhosein Hasani, M. Safarabadi","doi":"10.1177/10996362231194713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231194713","url":null,"abstract":"By utilizing 3D printing technology, experimental three-point bending (TPB) tests, and finite element analysis, six honeycomb structures with a variety of overall Poisson’s ratios (PR) are studied and compared in terms of bending properties and failure mechanisms. Four novel honeycombs that are designed by hybridizing hexagonal and re-entrant units outperform benchmark conventional honeycombs in terms of load-carrying capacity. Architected hybrid geometry honeycombs with zero PR show excellent specific energy absorption capability in comparison to benchmark honeycombs, absorbing approximately 136.9% and 475.1% more energy under TPB. 3D-printed honeycombs consisting of hexagonal units face layer separation damage mode under bending, while honeycombs with re-entrant cells in their lattice fail with joint shear due to the angle of their struts towards loadings. Designing honeycombs with a hybrid geometry lattice can enhance the load-carrying capacity, specific energy absorption, flexibility, and flexural modulus of the structure under bending. Due to their superior performance, the proposed architected hybrid geometry honeycombs with various Poisson’s ratios own promising applications in automotive, protective, and construction industries.","PeriodicalId":17215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials","volume":"7 1","pages":"709 - 729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88061849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-19DOI: 10.1177/10996362231191140
C. Joseph, Chandrasekar Muthukumar, L. F. Ng, Jeyanthi Subramanian, C. Ramesh, S. Krishnasamy, S. M. K. Thiagamani
It has been reported that the properties of a foam-based sandwich panel can be enhanced by incorporating nanoclay into the facesheet or foam core. In this study, an attempt was made to disperse nanoclay into the epoxy adhesive so as to bond the facesheet with the core. The sandwich panel in this study was fabricated using a basalt/epoxy laminate as the facesheet and polyvinyl chloride foam as the core material. The characterisation results through flexural and quasi-static indentation tests revealed that the infusion of nanoclay led to an increase of up to 34% in the bending strength, 51% in the core shear strength, and 72% in energy absorption. In addition, the nanoclay-reinforced sandwich panel showed a slightly higher sound absorption coefficient than the control specimen without nanoclay. Another interesting observation from the flexural and quasi-static indentation tests was that the addition of nanoclay also influenced the failure behaviour and the size of the damaged area. The superior energy and sound absorption characteristics make the foam-based sandwich panel a potential material for structural applications requiring acoustic insulation.
{"title":"The effect of nanoclay on the performance of basalt-epoxy facesheet and foam core sandwich panels","authors":"C. Joseph, Chandrasekar Muthukumar, L. F. Ng, Jeyanthi Subramanian, C. Ramesh, S. Krishnasamy, S. M. K. Thiagamani","doi":"10.1177/10996362231191140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231191140","url":null,"abstract":"It has been reported that the properties of a foam-based sandwich panel can be enhanced by incorporating nanoclay into the facesheet or foam core. In this study, an attempt was made to disperse nanoclay into the epoxy adhesive so as to bond the facesheet with the core. The sandwich panel in this study was fabricated using a basalt/epoxy laminate as the facesheet and polyvinyl chloride foam as the core material. The characterisation results through flexural and quasi-static indentation tests revealed that the infusion of nanoclay led to an increase of up to 34% in the bending strength, 51% in the core shear strength, and 72% in energy absorption. In addition, the nanoclay-reinforced sandwich panel showed a slightly higher sound absorption coefficient than the control specimen without nanoclay. Another interesting observation from the flexural and quasi-static indentation tests was that the addition of nanoclay also influenced the failure behaviour and the size of the damaged area. The superior energy and sound absorption characteristics make the foam-based sandwich panel a potential material for structural applications requiring acoustic insulation.","PeriodicalId":17215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":"730 - 746"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83615664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-02DOI: 10.1177/10996362231181530
Yuan-Fang Li, Dong Li, Bao-Zong Huang
Based on the refined first-order shear theory (simplified zig-zag model), using quasi-conforming finite element method with path-following and switching approach, the postbuckling behaviors and postbuckling bearing capacity (PBC) of composite sandwich panels (CSPs) axially loaded were studied and discussed in detail. To utilize the carrying potential of CSPs in postbuckling, the effects of the key parameters on postbuckling behaviors of the CSPs were analyzed by finite element method. The numerical results show that the PBC of CSPs increases with the increase of face sheets thickness, core thickness and core shear modulus, but it is insensitive to the change of the side length ratio. The enhancement of core shear strength can increase the PBC of CSPs and change the failure mode, but it is found there is a threshold value, beyond which, the PBC will no longer or slightly increases with the increase of core shear strength. The failure of CSPs is mainly determined by the tensile strength in the direction perpendicular to the fiber. Finally, a parameter selection optimization approach is proposed to effectively improve the PBC of CSPs under axial compression.
{"title":"Effects of parameters on postbuckling failure of composite sandwich panels loaded axially: Function form and applications","authors":"Yuan-Fang Li, Dong Li, Bao-Zong Huang","doi":"10.1177/10996362231181530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231181530","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the refined first-order shear theory (simplified zig-zag model), using quasi-conforming finite element method with path-following and switching approach, the postbuckling behaviors and postbuckling bearing capacity (PBC) of composite sandwich panels (CSPs) axially loaded were studied and discussed in detail. To utilize the carrying potential of CSPs in postbuckling, the effects of the key parameters on postbuckling behaviors of the CSPs were analyzed by finite element method. The numerical results show that the PBC of CSPs increases with the increase of face sheets thickness, core thickness and core shear modulus, but it is insensitive to the change of the side length ratio. The enhancement of core shear strength can increase the PBC of CSPs and change the failure mode, but it is found there is a threshold value, beyond which, the PBC will no longer or slightly increases with the increase of core shear strength. The failure of CSPs is mainly determined by the tensile strength in the direction perpendicular to the fiber. Finally, a parameter selection optimization approach is proposed to effectively improve the PBC of CSPs under axial compression.","PeriodicalId":17215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials","volume":"50 1","pages":"747 - 771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79128573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/10996362231180142
Yuwu Zhang, Guoliang Liu, Shu Liu, Yugang Li
Hierarchical honeycomb is a topology presenting better weight-efficiency than the conventional honeycomb. However, the existing research are mainly conducted based on an assumption of uniform in-plane wall thickness. Rare studies consider the effect of different wall thicknesses in hierarchies. This paper investigates the out-of-plane crashworthiness of vertex hexagonal-based hierarchical honeycombs with non-uniform wall thickness in distinct hierarchies experimentally and theoretically. The coupons with parent material of 316L steel are obtained using Selective Laser Melting fabricating technique. The experimental results indicate that the first order honeycombs with uniform wall thickness experience a failure mechanism transition from local elastic buckling to local plastic buckling of cell walls at the critical density of 0.0772. A progressive folding wave can be identified when relative density is lower than 0.0386. At any edge length ratio, the plateau crushing stress increases monotonously as the increase of the wall thickness ratio, but not for the half wavelength. Both the half wavelength and maximum plateau crushing stresses are linearly related to relative density. For the first order honeycombs, the effect of edge length ratio is more considerable on the plateau crushing stress than the wall thickness ratio. The second order honeycombs exhibit higher half wavelengths and maximum plateau crushing stresses than the first order honeycombs owing to the more considerable cell wall constraint among the hierarchies. Compared to the hierarchical honeycombs with uniform wall thicknesses at relative densities of 0.005∼0.0386, the non-uniform wall thickness enhances the maximum plateau crushing stress significantly, especially at a low relative density, and the maximum improvements for first order and second order honeycombs are 71.5 and 48.6%, respectively. However, the absolute improvements are similar, averaging approximately 1.18 MPa. This work provides a foundation for developing ultralight hierarchical material candidates applied in passive protection equipment, such as aircrafts and vehicles.
{"title":"Out-of-plane crashworthiness of hierarchical cellular topology with different wall thicknesses in hierarchies","authors":"Yuwu Zhang, Guoliang Liu, Shu Liu, Yugang Li","doi":"10.1177/10996362231180142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231180142","url":null,"abstract":"Hierarchical honeycomb is a topology presenting better weight-efficiency than the conventional honeycomb. However, the existing research are mainly conducted based on an assumption of uniform in-plane wall thickness. Rare studies consider the effect of different wall thicknesses in hierarchies. This paper investigates the out-of-plane crashworthiness of vertex hexagonal-based hierarchical honeycombs with non-uniform wall thickness in distinct hierarchies experimentally and theoretically. The coupons with parent material of 316L steel are obtained using Selective Laser Melting fabricating technique. The experimental results indicate that the first order honeycombs with uniform wall thickness experience a failure mechanism transition from local elastic buckling to local plastic buckling of cell walls at the critical density of 0.0772. A progressive folding wave can be identified when relative density is lower than 0.0386. At any edge length ratio, the plateau crushing stress increases monotonously as the increase of the wall thickness ratio, but not for the half wavelength. Both the half wavelength and maximum plateau crushing stresses are linearly related to relative density. For the first order honeycombs, the effect of edge length ratio is more considerable on the plateau crushing stress than the wall thickness ratio. The second order honeycombs exhibit higher half wavelengths and maximum plateau crushing stresses than the first order honeycombs owing to the more considerable cell wall constraint among the hierarchies. Compared to the hierarchical honeycombs with uniform wall thicknesses at relative densities of 0.005∼0.0386, the non-uniform wall thickness enhances the maximum plateau crushing stress significantly, especially at a low relative density, and the maximum improvements for first order and second order honeycombs are 71.5 and 48.6%, respectively. However, the absolute improvements are similar, averaging approximately 1.18 MPa. This work provides a foundation for developing ultralight hierarchical material candidates applied in passive protection equipment, such as aircrafts and vehicles.","PeriodicalId":17215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials","volume":"1968 1","pages":"772 - 792"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91385953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.1177/10996362231180147
A. Nettles, Baxter W. Barnes, W. Guin, James P Mavo
This study presents experimental results of compression after impact (CAI) testing of aluminum honeycomb core sandwich structure with face sheets made of co-cured T1100/3960 quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy when tested at +22.5⁰ and −22.5⁰ with respect to the 0⁰ fibers. In a previous study examining the CAI strengths of honeycomb sandwich structure, it was found that specimens had different CAI strengths, based on a [−45/90/+45/0]S layup, depending on whether they were tested in the 0⁰ direction (face sheet layup of [−45/90/+45/0]S) or 90⁰ direction (face sheet layup of [+45/0/-45/90]S). The CAI strength results showed that the specimens tested in the 90⁰ direction had a 19% drop in CAI strength compared to specimens tested in the 0⁰ direction. This was attributed to the 0⁰ load bearing plies in the 0⁰ direction specimens being “tucked in” at the center of the specimen thus providing more stability against microbuckling. This raised the question as to what CAI strength would specimens tested at +22.5⁰ (face sheet layup of [−22.5/−67.5/+67.6/+22.5]S) and −22.5⁰ (face sheet layup of [−67.5/+67.5/+22.5/-22.5]S) have compared to specimens tested in the 0⁰ and 90⁰ direction. Results presented in this study show that the specimens loaded at +22.5⁰ and −22.5⁰ have a similar average CAI strength compared to the specimens loaded in the 0⁰ direction. The specimens loaded in the 90⁰ direction exhibit 16% lower average CAI strength. Additional specimens were tested in the +45⁰ direction to put the 0⁰ load bearing fibers on the outside of the specimen to see if this would decrease the strength as has been documented for undamaged strength. These specimens have average CAI strength values between the 0⁰ direction average CAI strength values and the 90⁰ direction average CAI strength values.
{"title":"The effects of off-axis loading on the compression after impact strength of quasi-isotropic face sheet honeycomb core sandwich structure","authors":"A. Nettles, Baxter W. Barnes, W. Guin, James P Mavo","doi":"10.1177/10996362231180147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231180147","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents experimental results of compression after impact (CAI) testing of aluminum honeycomb core sandwich structure with face sheets made of co-cured T1100/3960 quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy when tested at +22.5⁰ and −22.5⁰ with respect to the 0⁰ fibers. In a previous study examining the CAI strengths of honeycomb sandwich structure, it was found that specimens had different CAI strengths, based on a [−45/90/+45/0]S layup, depending on whether they were tested in the 0⁰ direction (face sheet layup of [−45/90/+45/0]S) or 90⁰ direction (face sheet layup of [+45/0/-45/90]S). The CAI strength results showed that the specimens tested in the 90⁰ direction had a 19% drop in CAI strength compared to specimens tested in the 0⁰ direction. This was attributed to the 0⁰ load bearing plies in the 0⁰ direction specimens being “tucked in” at the center of the specimen thus providing more stability against microbuckling. This raised the question as to what CAI strength would specimens tested at +22.5⁰ (face sheet layup of [−22.5/−67.5/+67.6/+22.5]S) and −22.5⁰ (face sheet layup of [−67.5/+67.5/+22.5/-22.5]S) have compared to specimens tested in the 0⁰ and 90⁰ direction. Results presented in this study show that the specimens loaded at +22.5⁰ and −22.5⁰ have a similar average CAI strength compared to the specimens loaded in the 0⁰ direction. The specimens loaded in the 90⁰ direction exhibit 16% lower average CAI strength. Additional specimens were tested in the +45⁰ direction to put the 0⁰ load bearing fibers on the outside of the specimen to see if this would decrease the strength as has been documented for undamaged strength. These specimens have average CAI strength values between the 0⁰ direction average CAI strength values and the 90⁰ direction average CAI strength values.","PeriodicalId":17215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials","volume":"9 1","pages":"793 - 802"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74528459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-13DOI: 10.1177/10996362231174901
Johan Larsson, P. Göransson, Per Wennhage
A method is proposed that allows for the concurrent optimization of core topology and face sheet thickness of a sandwich beam under compliance constraints. The problem is solved using a novel mixed-linear extension of the Topology Optimization of Binary Structure (TOBS) topology optimization method aiming to minimize the total mass of the beam. The method has been demonstrated on a clamped beam example and the results have been compared to results from topology optimization of the core with a range of a priori fixed face sheet thicknesses. It is shown that the new method, starting from a fully populated core, finds a minimum mass that is lower than but in the neighbourhood of the best results from the topology optimization with fixed face sheet thicknesses. By varying the compliance constraint it is shown that the core topology approaches an ideal corrugated geometry as the compliance constraint is relaxed. The trends observed in the results are compared to analytical models for an idealized core.
{"title":"A sequential mixed-integer programming method for concurrent optimization of core topology and face sheet thickness of a sandwich beam","authors":"Johan Larsson, P. Göransson, Per Wennhage","doi":"10.1177/10996362231174901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231174901","url":null,"abstract":"A method is proposed that allows for the concurrent optimization of core topology and face sheet thickness of a sandwich beam under compliance constraints. The problem is solved using a novel mixed-linear extension of the Topology Optimization of Binary Structure (TOBS) topology optimization method aiming to minimize the total mass of the beam. The method has been demonstrated on a clamped beam example and the results have been compared to results from topology optimization of the core with a range of a priori fixed face sheet thicknesses. It is shown that the new method, starting from a fully populated core, finds a minimum mass that is lower than but in the neighbourhood of the best results from the topology optimization with fixed face sheet thicknesses. By varying the compliance constraint it is shown that the core topology approaches an ideal corrugated geometry as the compliance constraint is relaxed. The trends observed in the results are compared to analytical models for an idealized core.","PeriodicalId":17215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials","volume":"300 1","pages":"666 - 686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73592472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.1177/10996362231174527
Yunfei Deng, Yuan Yin, Huapeng Wu, C. Zhou, Xianzhi Zeng
Foldcore sandwich structure has promising applications for load-bearing, and in this study, M-type foldcore sandwiches are prepared through a molding and pressing process with fiberglass. To be specific, the sandwich structures are investigated for dynamic response and damage mechanism under low-velocity impacts with various impact positions and energy. The results show that impact position significantly affects the damage mode of the sandwich plate, the damage mode of crush fracture and collapse failure at node position can dissipate higher energy compared with tensile fracture at base position. Moreover, the impact energy shows a certain influence only when the sandwich panel is not penetrated. Besides, numerical prediction closely matches experimental results in terms of load-displacement and energy-displacement histories. Effects of geometric configuration are explored, and the results suggest that although increasing the thickness of panel and core can effectively improve the load-bearing capacity under low energy impacts, increasing the core thickness is a more effective method in lightweight design than increasing the thickness of plane. Furthermore, the impact resistance can be enhanced by selecting the appropriate platform length and narrowing the platform angle. Notably, M-type foldcore sandwich is superior to V-type foldcore sandwich and corrugated sandwich in terms of specific energy absorption.
{"title":"The impact response and failure mechanism of sandwich plates with M-type foldcore under low-velocity impact","authors":"Yunfei Deng, Yuan Yin, Huapeng Wu, C. Zhou, Xianzhi Zeng","doi":"10.1177/10996362231174527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231174527","url":null,"abstract":"Foldcore sandwich structure has promising applications for load-bearing, and in this study, M-type foldcore sandwiches are prepared through a molding and pressing process with fiberglass. To be specific, the sandwich structures are investigated for dynamic response and damage mechanism under low-velocity impacts with various impact positions and energy. The results show that impact position significantly affects the damage mode of the sandwich plate, the damage mode of crush fracture and collapse failure at node position can dissipate higher energy compared with tensile fracture at base position. Moreover, the impact energy shows a certain influence only when the sandwich panel is not penetrated. Besides, numerical prediction closely matches experimental results in terms of load-displacement and energy-displacement histories. Effects of geometric configuration are explored, and the results suggest that although increasing the thickness of panel and core can effectively improve the load-bearing capacity under low energy impacts, increasing the core thickness is a more effective method in lightweight design than increasing the thickness of plane. Furthermore, the impact resistance can be enhanced by selecting the appropriate platform length and narrowing the platform angle. Notably, M-type foldcore sandwich is superior to V-type foldcore sandwich and corrugated sandwich in terms of specific energy absorption.","PeriodicalId":17215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":"687 - 706"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74070376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.1177/10996362231172448
Jian-wei Ren, Yilai Zhou, Wenbo Gao
In conventional sandwich construction, the core component is typically made of Nomex honeycomb and sandwiched between two facesheets, a lower and an upper facesheet. To enhance the load-bearing capacity of this Nomex honeycomb core sandwich (NHCS) construction, we propose a NHCS construction that is continuously encased by a composite fabric facesheet on all four sides. We experimentally and numerically examine the bending response of this encased NHCS construction through a three-point bending test. We consider and discuss the effect of the orientation of the honeycomb core component and the formation of the facesheet separately to reveal the mechanism by which the composite facesheet encasing enhances the construction. Our results demonstrate that composite facesheet encasing significantly improves the bending response of the NHCS construction, with a much greater advantage than the increase in mass compared to conventional sandwich construction. The superiority of the encased composite facesheet is significantly influenced by the orientation of the honeycomb cell and the direction of the fiber ply-stacked laminate facesheet. In addition, we compare the bending response of the encased honeycomb sandwich construction with that of competing sandwiches and show that the proposed sandwich with a continuously encased composite facesheet has a superior lightweight advantage.
{"title":"Bending response and failure characteristics of nomex honeycomb sandwich with continuous composite facesheet encasement","authors":"Jian-wei Ren, Yilai Zhou, Wenbo Gao","doi":"10.1177/10996362231172448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231172448","url":null,"abstract":"In conventional sandwich construction, the core component is typically made of Nomex honeycomb and sandwiched between two facesheets, a lower and an upper facesheet. To enhance the load-bearing capacity of this Nomex honeycomb core sandwich (NHCS) construction, we propose a NHCS construction that is continuously encased by a composite fabric facesheet on all four sides. We experimentally and numerically examine the bending response of this encased NHCS construction through a three-point bending test. We consider and discuss the effect of the orientation of the honeycomb core component and the formation of the facesheet separately to reveal the mechanism by which the composite facesheet encasing enhances the construction. Our results demonstrate that composite facesheet encasing significantly improves the bending response of the NHCS construction, with a much greater advantage than the increase in mass compared to conventional sandwich construction. The superiority of the encased composite facesheet is significantly influenced by the orientation of the honeycomb cell and the direction of the fiber ply-stacked laminate facesheet. In addition, we compare the bending response of the encased honeycomb sandwich construction with that of competing sandwiches and show that the proposed sandwich with a continuously encased composite facesheet has a superior lightweight advantage.","PeriodicalId":17215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials","volume":"9 1","pages":"645 - 665"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75626359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.1177/10996362221130967
Jian-wei Ren, Minqian Sun, Yilai Zhou, Tao Wang, Zhen-yu Zhao
This research proposes using a hybrid core consisting of foam metal and a ceramic tile to enhance the impact resistance of the sandwich construction. We assess the impact response of such an enhanced sandwich under a low-velocity drop-hammer load. Two thicknesses and three positions of the ceramic tile were considered. The low-velocity impact experiment was performed with a 16 mm hemispherical hammerhead and an impact energy range of 30–70 J. The results indicate that the ceramic tile significantly increases the impact resistance of the sandwich. A sandwich with a ceramic tile in the middle of the aluminum foam core had the highest peak force, perforation resistance, and energy absorption. Moreover, the performance was better for the thicker ceramic tiles, and the different damage patterns of the post-mortem sandwiches were analyzed. The underlying mechanisms of enhanced performance are discussed schematically in detail for the sandwiches. These results indeed showed that this proposed sandwich construction could be considered as a potential candidate in high-performance protective component.
{"title":"Impact response of a sandwich with a foam aluminum core enhanced by a ceramic tile: An experimental study","authors":"Jian-wei Ren, Minqian Sun, Yilai Zhou, Tao Wang, Zhen-yu Zhao","doi":"10.1177/10996362221130967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362221130967","url":null,"abstract":"This research proposes using a hybrid core consisting of foam metal and a ceramic tile to enhance the impact resistance of the sandwich construction. We assess the impact response of such an enhanced sandwich under a low-velocity drop-hammer load. Two thicknesses and three positions of the ceramic tile were considered. The low-velocity impact experiment was performed with a 16 mm hemispherical hammerhead and an impact energy range of 30–70 J. The results indicate that the ceramic tile significantly increases the impact resistance of the sandwich. A sandwich with a ceramic tile in the middle of the aluminum foam core had the highest peak force, perforation resistance, and energy absorption. Moreover, the performance was better for the thicker ceramic tiles, and the different damage patterns of the post-mortem sandwiches were analyzed. The underlying mechanisms of enhanced performance are discussed schematically in detail for the sandwiches. These results indeed showed that this proposed sandwich construction could be considered as a potential candidate in high-performance protective component.","PeriodicalId":17215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials","volume":"29 5 1","pages":"625 - 644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82735132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.1177/10996362231170405
Norman Osa-uwagboe, Vadim V Silberschimdt, Adedeji Aremi, E. Demirci
The use of fibre-reinforced plastics (FRPs) in sandwich structures increased for various industrial applications thanks to their strength-to-weight ratio which provides designers with advanced options for modern structures. FRP Sandwich Structures (FRPSS) are often used in aerospace, biomedical, defence, and marine products, where their high structural performance is required to sustain complex in-service loads and withstand varying environmental conditions. Progressive degradation of FRPSS under such circumstances has been a subject of interest for researchers owing to safety requirements for products with FRP. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the mechanical behaviour of FRPSS subjected to various loading regimes. It highlights the variation in structural performance, viscoelastic properties, damage resistance, and sequence of environmental degradation of FRPSS. Numerical methods and damage algorithms used to predict failures are also presented to provide sufficient knowledge for the design of FRPSS. This review contributes to further research on characterizing the properties of FRPSS under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions.
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