Journal of Sound and Vibration最新文献_第8页

Time relationship between reed motion and acoustic pressure in the saxophone mouthpiece 萨克斯吹口簧片运动与声压的时间关系

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Pub Date : 2025-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119567

Enis Ukshini, Joris Dirckx

This study investigates the relationship between reed motion and the acoustic pressure beneath the reed in an alto saxophone, across varying blowing pressures and registers. Understanding these dynamics is critical for modeling sound production and improving instrument performance. A non-invasive measurement technique was developed, combining an image tracking algorithm with fast pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) to simultaneously capture reed position and acoustic pressure within a single image. At relatively low blowing pressures (2–3 kPa), the motion of the reed closely follows the change in acoustic pressure, with a time delay of <162 µs occurring near complete reed closure. Reed position as a function of acoustic pressure shows clear hysteresis and non-linearity. Phase analysis across harmonics showed that higher blowing pressures tend to increase the number of frequency components in which acoustic pressure lags behind reed motion This analysis also revealed strong reed resonance effects at specific frequencies. The findings indicate that significant time delay differences occur when the reed is closest to the mouthpiece surface and the reed vibrates around its resonance frequency, highlighting the strong influence of embouchure parameters on the mechanical-acoustic coupling.

本研究探讨了中音萨克斯管中簧片运动与簧片下声压之间的关系，在不同的吹风压力和音域下。了解这些动态是建模声音生产和提高乐器性能的关键。研究人员开发了一种非侵入式测量技术，将图像跟踪算法与快速压敏涂料（PSP）相结合，在单幅图像中同时捕获簧片位置和声压。在相对较低的吹风压力（2-3 kPa）下，簧片的运动与声压变化密切相关，在簧片完全闭合时出现了<；162µs的时间延迟。簧片位置作为声压的函数表现出明显的滞后和非线性。跨谐波的相位分析表明，更高的吹气压力倾向于增加声压滞后于簧片运动的频率分量的数量，该分析还揭示了在特定频率下强烈的簧片共振效应。研究结果表明，当簧片离吸口表面最近时，簧片在其共振频率附近振动时，出现了显著的时间延迟差异，这凸显了口形参数对机械声耦合的强烈影响。

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引用次数: 0

The mechanism of aerodynamic noise reduction from tandem cylinders in the co-shedding flow regime due to phase shift 相移共脱落流型中串联式气缸气动降噪机理

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119564

J.Y. Zhu , H. Yang , Y.Y. Yuan , Z.W. Hu , X.Y. Zhang , D.J. Thompson

When tandem cylinders are arranged with a certain gap spacing, the aerodynamic noise can be enhanced or suppressed. The mechanism behind this effect remains unclear, especially the role of the phase shift in the flow. This paper investigates the characteristics of the aerodynamic noise generated from tandem cylinders at three spacings in the co-shedding flow regime. Experimental results show that, compared with a single cylinder case, the noise is increased by around 5 dB at a spacing ratio of L/D = 4 and by 1.5 dB at L/D = 6, while it is decreased by about 2 dB at L/D = 5. Although the key flow features of the three tandem-cylinder cases are quite similar, a near in-phase vortex shedding is formed by the upstream and downstream cylinders at L/D = 4, while the vortex shedding in the wake of the two cylinders is close to anti-phase at L/D = 5. At L/D = 6, the vortex shedding of the two cylinders has a phase difference around 120º. Consequently, the far-field aerodynamic noise produced from the tandem cylinders is the highest at L/D = 4 and the lowest at L/D = 5. This demonstrates that the out-of-phase vortex shedding formed by the two cylinders in tandem arrangement at L/D = 5 may strengthen the anti-phase correlation between them and reduce effectively the aerodynamic noise generated.

当串列气缸以一定的间隙布置时，可以增强或抑制气动噪声。这种效应背后的机制尚不清楚，特别是相移在流动中的作用。本文研究了三间距串联式汽缸在共脱落工况下产生的气动噪声特性。实验结果表明，当间距比为L/D = 4时，噪声比单缸壳体提高约5 dB；当间距比为L/D = 6时，噪声比单缸壳体提高1.5 dB；当间距比为L/D = 5时，噪声比单缸壳体降低约2 dB。虽然串联三缸工况的关键流动特征十分相似，但在L/D = 4时，上游和下游气缸形成近同相涡脱落，而在L/D = 5时，两缸尾迹处的涡脱落接近反相。在L/D = 6时，两圆柱的涡脱落相位差在120º左右。因此，串列气缸产生的远场气动噪声在L/D = 4时最高，在L/D = 5时最低。这表明，在L/D = 5时，两柱串列形成的非相涡脱落可以加强两柱间的反相关联，有效降低气动噪声。

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引用次数: 0

Rotating cylindrical acoustic invisibility cloak: Solution using perturbation method 旋转圆柱形声隐身斗篷：用摄动法求解

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119562

Levi T. Kaganowich, Deepak C. Akiwate, Trevor J. Cox, Olga Umnova

Transformation Acoustics initiated a new paradigm of metamaterial designs in the mid-2000s. Using this approach, an invisibility cloak can be created, and this holds promise for stealth and noise reduction applications in aviation. However, adapting this design to meet the demands of realistic conditions has proven challenging. The work below focusses on the design of a stationary 2D cylindrical cloak and its performance whilst rotating, a result not yet reported in the literature. The study utilises linearised equations of motion with convective terms. A differential equation for acoustic pressure in an anisotropic rotating fluid is formulated assuming radial dependence of its effective density components and bulk modulus. For a slowly rotating cloak the corresponding solution and scattering coefficients for the acoustic incident plane wave are derived using a perturbation method and compared with a numerical solution. These scattering coefficients are used to evaluate the performance of the rotating cloak. Results show that rotation causes a reduction in cloaking performance with greater scattering observed for increasing rotational speeds, with a reasonable agreement (within 1.7 %) between the methods within the range of applicability. The perturbation method used in this study provides a fast and computationally inexpensive approach to evaluating wave scattering from a rotating, radially graded anisotropic fluid region. The methodology and results presented lay a foundation for designing rotating acoustic cloaks, with potential applications in stealth technology and noise reduction in aviation.

转型声学在2000年代中期开创了超材料设计的新范式。利用这种方法，可以制造出一种隐形斗篷，这为航空领域的隐身和降噪应用带来了希望。然而，调整这种设计以满足现实条件的要求已被证明是具有挑战性的。下面的工作重点是设计一种固定的二维圆柱形斗篷及其旋转时的性能，这一结果尚未在文献中报道。这项研究利用带有对流项的线性化运动方程。建立了各向异性旋转流体中声压的微分方程，假设其有效密度分量和体积模量与径向相关。用微扰法推导了慢旋转斗篷入射平面波的解析解和散射系数，并与数值解进行了比较。这些散射系数被用来评价旋转斗篷的性能。结果表明，旋转导致隐身性能下降，随着转速的增加，观察到更大的散射，在适用范围内，两种方法之间的一致性很合理（在1.7%以内）。本研究中使用的微扰方法提供了一种快速且计算成本低廉的方法来评估旋转径向梯度各向异性流体区域的波散射。所提出的方法和结果为设计旋转声斗篷奠定了基础，在航空隐身技术和降噪方面具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental realization of acoustic logic gates based on valley-locked interface states in two-dimensional metamaterials 二维超材料中基于锁谷界面态的声逻辑门的实验实现

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119545

Yi-Da Liu , Xiao-Lei Tang , Gang-Gang Xu , Tian-Xue Ma , Miso Kim , Yue-Sheng Wang

Acoustic logic gates have recently garnered extensive attention for their potential in low-energy and high-efficiency information processing. However, their development still faces several critical challenges, including limited robustness, insufficient experimental validation, and restricted functional diversity. To address these issues, we design and demonstrate, both numerically and experimentally, an acoustic metamaterial platform based on valley-locked waveguides that supports a series of logic functions. The proposed metamaterial enables reliable realization of basic logic operations, including AND, OR, and XOR, within a certain frequency bandwidth, using a single configuration. For more complex logic functions, including NOR, XNOR, and NAND, flexible operation at any selected frequency within a specific bandwidth is achieved by introducing a bias input and combining two trident-shaped waveguides. Furthermore, the robustness of the proposed metamaterial systems is experimentally verified under the presence of structural defects, confirming the feasibility of valley-locked waveguides for logic implementation. These findings open new avenues for the development of reconfigurable and scalable acoustic computing architectures.

近年来，声逻辑门因其在低能耗、高效率信息处理方面的潜力而受到广泛关注。然而，它们的发展仍然面临着几个关键的挑战，包括有限的鲁棒性，实验验证不足，以及有限的功能多样性。为了解决这些问题，我们设计并演示了一种基于谷锁波导的声学超材料平台，该平台支持一系列逻辑功能。所提出的超材料可以使用单一配置在一定的频率带宽内可靠地实现基本逻辑运算，包括与、或和异或。对于更复杂的逻辑功能，包括NOR、XNOR和NAND，通过引入偏置输入和组合两个三叉戟形波导，可以在特定带宽内的任何选择频率下实现灵活的操作。此外，在存在结构缺陷的情况下，实验验证了所提出的超材料系统的鲁棒性，证实了锁谷波导用于逻辑实现的可行性。这些发现为可重构和可扩展声学计算架构的发展开辟了新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Perturbed convective wave equation for low-to-medium Mach number subsonic flows 中低马赫数亚音速流动的扰动对流波动方程

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119549

S. Schoder , E. Bagheri , C. Bogey , C. Bailly

A generalization of the perturbed convective wave equation is proposed. It allows extracting the acoustic field and the vortical dynamics from a compressible high-fidelity flow simulation. The wave equation computes the acoustic velocity potential, with a source term based on a source potential. This source potential describes the pressure dynamics of vortices and is identical to the incompressible pressure for incompressible-modeled flows. The application to an isothermal, subsonic two-dimensional mixing layer sound generation problem validates the wave equation. The results of the acoustic far-field pressure are comparable to the direct numerical reference solution, deviating less than

1.8 dB

.

对扰动对流波动方程进行了推广。它可以从可压缩高保真流动模拟中提取声场和涡动。波动方程用基于源势的源项计算声速势。这个源势描述了涡旋的压力动态，与不可压缩流的不可压缩压力相同。应用于等温、亚音速二维混频层声音生成问题，验证了波动方程的正确性。声场远场压力计算结果与直接数值参考解相当，偏差小于1.8dB。

引用次数: 0

Electromagnetic and structural dynamic coupling in a two-degree-of-freedom system 二自由度系统的电磁与结构动力耦合

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119550

Mikel Brun, Fernando Cortés, María Jesús Elejabarrieta

Induced current damping is widely used to mitigate vibrations in mechanical systems. Conventional formulations of electromagnetic force matrices often assume constant, linear, or frequency-dependent coefficients. In a recent study, the authors observed that when a cantilever beam subjected to bending or torsional vibrations is exposed to an external magnetic field in multiple directions, an unexpected coupling between vibration modes occurs. This phenomenon suggests that existing models may be insufficient to capture the complete dynamic behaviour resulting from induced currents. Consequently, this Rapid Communication investigates this coupling effect using a simplified two-degree-of-freedom system under an external magnetic field. The effect of this magnetic field implies a coupling between the two degrees of freedom of the system, characterised by a symmetric matrix containing both dissipative and coupling terms. A frequency response analysis reveals a particular behaviour at resonance when the two degrees of freedom are coupled, which occurs only when the magnetic field acts simultaneously in both directions. In this case, increasing the magnetic field magnitude mitigates one vibration mode while amplifying the other. In the time domain, the analysis of the mechanical energy evolution of each degree of freedom reveals how energy is transferred between the two degrees of freedom as the system dissipates energy. These findings highlight the necessity of explicitly incorporating magnetic field orientation and magnitude into electromagnetic force matrices to accurately predict the coupling effects. The results serve as a foundation supporting future studies on more complex multi-degree-of-freedom systems and their practical implications in vibration control.

感应电流阻尼被广泛用于减轻机械系统的振动。电磁力矩阵的常规公式通常假设常数、线性或频率相关系数。在最近的一项研究中，作者观察到，当受弯曲或扭转振动的悬臂梁暴露在多个方向的外部磁场中时，振动模式之间会发生意想不到的耦合。这一现象表明，现有的模型可能不足以捕捉由感应电流引起的完整动态行为。因此，本快速通信使用一个简化的两自由度系统在外部磁场下研究这种耦合效应。这个磁场的作用意味着系统的两个自由度之间的耦合，其特征是一个包含耗散项和耦合项的对称矩阵。频率响应分析揭示了当两个自由度耦合时共振时的特殊行为，只有当磁场在两个方向上同时作用时才会发生这种情况。在这种情况下，增加磁场的大小减轻了一种振动模式，同时放大了另一种振动模式。在时域中，对各自由度的机械能演化进行分析，揭示了当系统耗散能量时，能量如何在两个自由度之间传递。这些发现强调了明确地将磁场方向和大小纳入电磁力矩阵以准确预测耦合效应的必要性。研究结果为进一步研究更复杂的多自由度系统及其在振动控制中的实际应用奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Frequency and time domain prediction of railway curve squeal including multiple wheel/rail contact points 包含多个轮轨接触点的铁路曲线噪声的频域和时域预测

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119547

Federico Castellini , Giacomo Squicciarini , David Thompson , Egidio Di Gialleonardo , Roberto Corradi

Curve squeal is a high-frequency tonal noise produced by rail vehicles on tight curves, with its occurrence subject to various uncertainties. The generation mechanism is typically attributed to self-excited vibration within the wheel/rail system, with the leading inner wheel of the vehicle often being the most prone to squeal. However, loud and tonal noise is also found to be generated by the outer wheel or for trams when the leading inner wheel is in contact with the grooved rail head. This article presents a wheel/rail interaction model accounting for the presence of multiple contact points between the wheel and the rail. It is used to study the squeal noise generated by a modern low-floor tramcar equipped with resilient wheels. Time-domain simulations are carried out in the case of contact between the flange back of the inner leading wheel and the grooved head. The simulations also reveal that the outer wheel in flange contact can be involved in curve squeal. Variation in the lateral contact point position and the activation of a second contact point on the flange back are found to potentially alter the frequencies involved in the squealing mechanism and the wheel vibration amplitude. A comparison of time-domain simulation results for multiple contact points with full-scale on-track measurements is presented, analysing the inner and outer wheel squeal generated by the tramcar. The squeal is predicted at the same frequencies observed during experiments. Furthermore, the wheel vibration levels in the axial and radial directions are aligned with those measured by accelerometers mounted on the wheels.

曲线啸叫是轨道车辆在狭窄弯道上产生的高频音调噪声，其产生受各种不确定性的影响。产生机制通常归因于轮轨系统内部的自激振动，其中车辆的领先内轮通常最容易产生尖叫。然而，当前导内轮与槽轨头接触时，也发现外轮或有轨电车会产生响亮的音调噪声。本文提出了一个车轮/轨道相互作用模型，考虑到车轮和轨道之间存在多个接触点。采用该方法研究了装有弹性车轮的现代低地板有轨电车的尖叫噪声。对内导轮凸缘后部与槽头接触的情况进行了时域仿真。仿真结果还表明，外轮与法兰接触时也会产生曲线尖叫。横向接触点位置的变化和法兰背面第二个接触点的激活可能会改变尖叫机构和车轮振动幅度所涉及的频率。分析了有轨电车产生的内外轮尖啸声，并将多接触点时域仿真结果与全尺寸轨道实测结果进行了比较。在实验中观察到的相同频率上预测了尖叫。此外，车轮在轴向和径向上的振动水平与安装在车轮上的加速度计测量的水平一致。

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引用次数: 0

Vibration monitoring method for long-span bridges based on distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing 基于分布式光纤声传感的大跨度桥梁振动监测方法

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119548

Tianjiao Ma , Qian Feng , Guanhua Liang , Bin Zhang , Jinping Ou

The distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing (DAS) technique has been regarded as an effective approach to monitor the dynamical response of long-span bridges. However, most signal processing methods for DAS were designed for perturbation detection. Inadequate consideration of fading noise and error propagation led to compromised frequency estimates and distorted mode shapes. In this study, a vibration monitoring method using a DAS system is proposed for long-span bridges. This method combines optical signal demodulation and dynamics principles to improve accuracy and reliability. We develop a novel untwisting algorithm to simultaneously suppress polarization and interference fading noise, as well as disturbance-induced waveform distortions. Considering the characteristics of optical phase time histories, phase modal parameters calculated through the eigen-system realization algorithm are optimized iteratively to identify real modes. A numerical simulation of bridge monitoring validated the feasibility of the proposed method under full-scale conditions. A vibration experiment was conducted on a 6.5 m model of a cable-stayed bridge. Phase time histories of 25 sensing points could be retrieved with clear waveforms, the average signal-to-noise ratio was improved to 14.52 dB. The first 7 natural frequencies were identified, which agreed well with the results of fiber Bragg gratings. Four phase mode shapes were extracted with an average modal assurance criterion of 0.9406. We achieve distributed frequency and mode shape identification with 0.25 m measuring resolution, which is crucial for the condition assessment of long-span bridges. The present study can serve as the basis for further application of DAS in bridge health monitoring.

分布式光纤声传感技术是监测大跨度桥梁动力响应的一种有效方法。然而，大多数DAS信号处理方法都是为扰动检测而设计的。对衰落噪声和误差传播的考虑不足导致频率估计受损和模态振型失真。本文提出了一种基于DAS系统的大跨度桥梁振动监测方法。该方法结合光信号解调和动力学原理，提高了精度和可靠性。我们开发了一种新的解扭算法来同时抑制极化和干扰衰落噪声，以及干扰引起的波形畸变。考虑光相时程的特点，迭代优化本征系统实现算法计算的相模态参数，识别实模态。桥梁监测的数值模拟验证了该方法在全尺寸条件下的可行性。对6.5 m斜拉桥模型进行了振动试验。25个测点的相位时间历史波形清晰，平均信噪比提高到14.52 dB。确定了前7个固有频率，这与光纤布拉格光栅的结果吻合得很好。提取4个相模态振型，平均模态保证准则为0.9406。我们以0.25 m的测量分辨率实现了分布频率和模态振型识别，这对大跨度桥梁的状态评估至关重要。本研究可为DAS在桥梁健康监测中的进一步应用奠定基础。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of vehicle-bridge coupling effect on bridge condition assessment methods using the responses of passing vehicles 车桥耦合效应对过路车辆响应的桥梁状态评价方法的影响

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119546

Jiafeng Liu, Zhihai Xiang

It is well-known that the vehicle-bridge coupling (VBC) model for passing vehicle problems is inherently nonlinear, which precludes the possibility of deriving analytical solutions. Consequently, bridge assessment techniques that rely on the vehicle scanning methodology typically neglect the VBC term. Could this simplification lead to significant errors, especially when the mass of the vehicle is large? Finite element (FE) analysis that incorporates the VBC effect is a viable approach to ascertain the repercussions of disregarding the VBC term. However, extracting profound insights from purely numerical models is challenging. Therefore, an approximate linear model is introduced in this paper to shed light on the underlying mechanisms of this issue. Compared to conventional methods, the proposed model exhibits significantly improved alignment with FE results. To evaluate the impact of the VBC effect on bridge condition assessment, a theoretical model incorporating the VBC term is derived to reconstruct bridge mode shapes and detect damage. Further investigations into mode shape reconstruction reveal that the VBC term affects only the instantaneous amplitude of the n-th mode in the frequency domain, without altering the identified mode shape. In terms of bridge damage detection by using the tap-scan method, the VBC term does not affect the quadratic relationship between the vehicle acceleration and the stiffness change ratio. Therefore, the damage can be reliably detected if the coefficients of the relationship are calibrated using experimental data.

众所周知，车桥耦合（VBC）模型本身是非线性的，这就排除了推导解析解的可能性。因此，依赖于车辆扫描方法的桥梁评估技术通常忽略了VBC项。这种简化是否会导致严重的误差，特别是当车辆的质量很大的时候？结合VBC效应的有限元分析是确定忽略VBC项的影响的可行方法。然而，从纯粹的数值模型中提取深刻的见解是具有挑战性的。因此，本文引入了一个近似线性模型来阐明这一问题的潜在机制。与传统方法相比，该模型与有限元结果的拟合性有显著提高。为了评估VBC效应对桥梁状态评估的影响，推导了一个包含VBC项的理论模型，用于重建桥梁模态振型和检测损伤。对模态振型重建的进一步研究表明，VBC项仅影响频域第n阶模态的瞬时幅值，而不会改变已识别的模态振型。在基于轻拍扫描方法的桥梁损伤检测中，VBC项不影响车辆加速度与刚度变化率的二次关系。因此，如果使用实验数据校准关系系数，则可以可靠地检测损伤。

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引用次数: 0

A continuous-time delayed observer: The case study of chatter regenerative vibrations 连续时滞观测器：颤振再生振动的实例研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119542

Luca Bernini , Paolo Albertelli

This paper presents the derivation of a novel continuous time-delayed observer. Compared to observers present in the literature, the new formulation includes time-delayed observations. In order to include delayed observations, two gains are introduced, one managing the current error and one the delayed error. The gains are computed by minimising the upper bound of the error and state covariance matrices. The resulting current gain resembles a weighted Kalman gain, while the conceived observer is unbiased. Both time-variant and steady-state observer formulations are derived. The applicability of the two formulations is tested and validated for chatter regenerative vibrations in milling. The observers, tuned on stable machining conditions, are applied even to unstable machining conditions to estimate unknown input cutting forces and tool-tip vibrations. Although the time-varying observer performs better, both observers obtained excellent results, with root mean square estimation errors below 68.7 N and 97.9 N under stable and unstable conditions, respectively (normalised correlations were above 99.7% and 97.9%).

本文给出了一种新型连续时滞观测器的推导。与文献中存在的观测者相比，新公式包括延时观测。为了包含延迟观测，引入了两个增益，一个管理当前误差，一个管理延迟误差。增益通过最小化误差和状态协方差矩阵的上界来计算。产生的电流增益类似于加权卡尔曼增益，而设想的观测器是无偏的。推导了时变观测器和稳态观测器的公式。对两种配方的适用性进行了铣削颤振再生振动的测试和验证。在稳定加工条件下调谐的观测器甚至应用于不稳定的加工条件，以估计未知的输入切削力和刀尖振动。虽然时变观测器表现更好，但两种观测器都获得了很好的结果，在稳定和不稳定条件下，均方根估计误差分别低于68.7 N和97.9 N（归一化相关性高于99.7%和97.9%）。

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引用次数: 0