Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129103
A. Miah
Mosquito larval control has been conducted by various chemicals and biological agents to reduce mosquito population and mosquito-borne diseases. The larvicidal efficacy of Copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4 ·5H2 O) on Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles quadrimaculatus was evaluated separately in the laboratory and semi-field conditions. Different concentrations of CuSO4 ·5H2 O (ranging from 1 to 20 ppm) were tested against third (3rd ) instar larvae. Larval mortality was observed at 24, 48 & 72h after exposure and the LC 50 values were determined. In both conditions, larval mortality showed concentration and time dependent correlations i.e. larval mortality was higher with increasing concentration CuSO4 ·5H2 O and exposure time. No mortality was observed in the control (0 ppm). Of the three species tested, Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. quadrimaculatus were more sensitive to CuSO4 ·5H2 O than Ae. aegypti. It was demonstrated that 1.5 -2.25 ppm of CuSO4 ·5H2 O killed more than 50% of Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. quadrimaculatus larvae at 72 h in both laboratory and semi-field conditions, whereas Ae. aegypti could survive easily in these concentrations. Besides, CuSO4 ·5H2 O showed more toxicity to larvae in semi-field conditions than laboratory studies. These results suggest that CuSO4 ·5H2 O could be used as a potential larvicide especially for Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. quadrimaculatus as a low-cost alternative larvicidal agent. Further studies will be needed to confirm its effectiveness in large scale field trials.
{"title":"EFFECT OF COPPER SULPHATE PENTAHYDRATE ON MOSQUITO LARVAL AEDES AEGYPTI, CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS, AND ANOPHELES QUADRIMACULATUS IN LABORATORY AND UNDER SEMI-FIELD CONDITIONS","authors":"A. Miah","doi":"10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129103","url":null,"abstract":"Mosquito larval control has been conducted by various chemicals and biological agents to reduce mosquito population and mosquito-borne diseases. The larvicidal efficacy of Copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4 ·5H2 O) on Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles quadrimaculatus was evaluated separately in the laboratory and semi-field conditions. Different concentrations of CuSO4 ·5H2 O (ranging from 1 to 20 ppm) were tested against third (3rd ) instar larvae. Larval mortality was observed at 24, 48 & 72h after exposure and the LC 50 values were determined. In both conditions, larval mortality showed concentration and time dependent correlations i.e. larval mortality was higher with increasing concentration CuSO4 ·5H2 O and exposure time. No mortality was observed in the control (0 ppm). Of the three species tested, Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. quadrimaculatus were more sensitive to CuSO4 ·5H2 O than Ae. aegypti. It was demonstrated that 1.5 -2.25 ppm of CuSO4 ·5H2 O killed more than 50% of Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. quadrimaculatus larvae at 72 h in both laboratory and semi-field conditions, whereas Ae. aegypti could survive easily in these concentrations. Besides, CuSO4 ·5H2 O showed more toxicity to larvae in semi-field conditions than laboratory studies. These results suggest that CuSO4 ·5H2 O could be used as a potential larvicide especially for Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. quadrimaculatus as a low-cost alternative larvicidal agent. Further studies will be needed to confirm its effectiveness in large scale field trials.","PeriodicalId":17272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77673783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129101
V. Aryaprema
Sterile insect technique (SIT) using irradiated mosquitoes is an effective control method capable of being assimilated into integrated vector management (IVM) programs. Chemical control of mosquitoes using ultra-low volume (ULV) spray applications of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides is already an essential component of IVM programs. Prior to their release in nature, irradiation of mosquitoes for SIT use can significantly impact the mosquito’s biology, specifically its host-seeking and feeding behavior. Little is known about how radiation exposure might impact a mosquito’s susceptibility to pyrethroid insecticides. The present study was carried out to evaluate the influence of Aqualuer ® 20-20 ULV applications on irradiated Aedes aegypti. Caged mosquito trials indicated that both male and female irradiated Ae. aegypti were as susceptible as their non-irradiated counterparts of the same population to Aqualuer 20-20 ULV application, with the highest mean percent mortalities achieved at the first 24h post-treatment period at both 30.5 m and 61 m downwind of the spray application path.
{"title":"SEMI-FIELD EVALUATION OF ULTRA-LOW VOLUME (ULV) GROUND SPRAY OF AQUALUER ® 20-20 AGAINST IRRADIATED AEDES AEGYPTI","authors":"V. Aryaprema","doi":"10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129101","url":null,"abstract":"Sterile insect technique (SIT) using irradiated mosquitoes is an effective control method capable of being assimilated into integrated vector management (IVM) programs. Chemical control of mosquitoes using ultra-low volume (ULV) spray applications of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides is already an essential component of IVM programs. Prior to their release in nature, irradiation of mosquitoes for SIT use can significantly impact the mosquito’s biology, specifically its host-seeking and feeding behavior. Little is known about how radiation exposure might impact a mosquito’s susceptibility to pyrethroid insecticides. The present study was carried out to evaluate the influence of Aqualuer ® 20-20 ULV applications on irradiated Aedes aegypti. Caged mosquito trials indicated that both male and female irradiated Ae. aegypti were as susceptible as their non-irradiated counterparts of the same population to Aqualuer 20-20 ULV application, with the highest mean percent mortalities achieved at the first 24h post-treatment period at both 30.5 m and 61 m downwind of the spray application path.","PeriodicalId":17272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association","volume":"217 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80421221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129105
Dena Autry
Mosquito Control programs are utilizing cost-effective long term autocidal gravid traps because they minimize labor needs while targeting the gravid population of container-breeding mosquitoes. This field study compared the efficacy of the In2Care Mosquito Trap and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention autocidal gravid ovitrap (CDC-AGO). The study consisted of two control and two treatment sites, and each treatment site had either 100 In2Care Mosquito Traps or 100 CDC-AGOs. Aedes aegypti populations in each site were monitored using Biogent (BG) Sentinel 2 mosquito traps and ovitraps. Analysis of pre- and post-treatment data indicated no significant difference in adult mosquito populations detected by BG traps from either the In2Care or CDC-AGO sites. However, the mean number of eggs collected by ovitraps showed significant reduction in both trap type treated areas posttreatment, compared to pre-treatment. Furthermore, the mean number of egg collections from the In2Care mosquito trap treated area was much less than the collection from the CDC-AGO trap treated area post-treatment.
{"title":"FIELD COMPARISON OF AUTOCIDAL GRAVID OVITRAPS AND IN2CARE TRAPS AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI IN DOWNTOWN SAINT AUGUSTINE, NORTHEASTERN FLORIDA","authors":"Dena Autry","doi":"10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129105","url":null,"abstract":"Mosquito Control programs are utilizing cost-effective long term autocidal gravid traps because they minimize labor needs while targeting the gravid population of container-breeding mosquitoes. This field study compared the efficacy of the In2Care Mosquito Trap and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention autocidal gravid ovitrap (CDC-AGO). The study consisted of two control and two treatment sites, and each treatment site had either 100 In2Care Mosquito Traps or 100 CDC-AGOs. Aedes aegypti populations in each site were monitored using Biogent (BG) Sentinel 2 mosquito traps and ovitraps. Analysis of pre- and post-treatment data indicated no significant difference in adult mosquito populations detected by BG traps from either the In2Care or CDC-AGO sites. However, the mean number of eggs collected by ovitraps showed significant reduction in both trap type treated areas posttreatment, compared to pre-treatment. Furthermore, the mean number of egg collections from the In2Care mosquito trap treated area was much less than the collection from the CDC-AGO trap treated area post-treatment.","PeriodicalId":17272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84123466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129106
R. Pereira
Barrier treatment of vegetation using lambda-cyhalothrin has been shown to be effective at reducing adult mosquito populations in the US. However, recent investigations have indicated that standard residual adulticide barrier treatments may be enhanced when combined with an insect growth regulator targeting immature stages that could be transferred to immature habitat by adults contacting treated surfaces. We conducted field trials at residential sites in a subtropical urban environment in north central Florida treating blocks of vegetation with residual sprays of lambda-cyhalothrin (Demand® CS) and pyriproxyfen (Archer®) alone and in combination treatments to determine their efficacy against peridomestic mosquitoes. The combined treatment resulted in consistent approximately 100% reduction in Aedes mosquito eggs for 16 wk post-treatment compared to not significantly lower but more variable reductions at alone treatment sites.
{"title":"BARRIER TREATMENTS USING COMBINED LAMBDA-CYHALOTHRIN AND PYRIPROXYFEN REDUCE PERIDOMESTIC AEDES MOSQUITOES IN A SUBTROPICAL ENVIRONMENT","authors":"R. Pereira","doi":"10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129106","url":null,"abstract":"Barrier treatment of vegetation using lambda-cyhalothrin has been shown to be effective at reducing adult mosquito populations in the US. However, recent investigations have indicated that standard residual adulticide barrier treatments may be enhanced when combined with an insect growth regulator targeting immature stages that could be transferred to immature habitat by adults contacting treated surfaces. We conducted field trials at residential sites in a subtropical urban environment in north central Florida treating blocks of vegetation with residual sprays of lambda-cyhalothrin (Demand® CS) and pyriproxyfen (Archer®) alone and in combination treatments to determine their efficacy against peridomestic mosquitoes. The combined treatment resulted in consistent approximately 100% reduction in Aedes mosquito eggs for 16 wk post-treatment compared to not significantly lower but more variable reductions at alone treatment sites.","PeriodicalId":17272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76987302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129102
H. Sánchez-arroyo
Six insecticide active ingredients (AIs) and five commercial insecticide formulations were applied by topical application and onto filter paper strips to determine differential toxicity to Aedes aegypti (L.) and Apis mellifera (L.), and to evaluate their potential use in future insecticide resistance monitoring surveys. For topical application, 0.1 or 1 µl of the technical insecticide solution was applied to the Ae. aegypti and A. mellifera thorax, respectively. For insecticide-impregnated strips the insecticide amount varied, according with the commercial formulation. By topical application deltamethrin was the most toxic AI (LD 50 = 0.057 µg/g) to Ae. aegypti and prallethrin was least toxic (LD 50 = 19.42 µg/g). For A. mellifera, the most toxic AIs were deltamethrin (LD 50 = 0.013 µg/g) and bifenthrin (LD50 = 0.156 µg/g); and the least toxic was chlorpyrifos (LD 50 = 3.246 µg/g). When the insecticide-impregnated papers method was used, Mosquitomist Two (chlorpyrifos 24.6%) was the most toxic insecticide for Ae. aegypti (LC50 = 0.024 µg/cm2 ), and Aqualuer (permethrin 20.6%, PBO 20.6%) was least toxic (LC50 = 0.408 µg/cm2 ). For A. mellifera the most toxic commercial insecticide formulations were Talstar (bifenthrin 7.9%; LC50 = 0.288 µg/cm2 ) and Mosquitomist Two (LC50 = 0.299 µg/cm2 ), with no significant differences, and the least toxic commercial formulation was Deltagard (deltamethrin 2.0%; LC50 = 15.084 µg/cm2 ). By topical application, more than 28 times of chlorpyrifos was needed to obtain the same mortality in A. mellifera as in Ae. aegypti. When using the insecticide-impregnated paper method, more than 206 times of Deltagard was needed to obtain the same mortality in A. mellifera as in Ae. aegypti. Even though Mosquitomist Two was the most toxic insecticide for both insect species, the honey bees were >12 times more tolerant to this insecticide, compared with the mosquitoes.
{"title":"DIFFERENTIAL TOXICITY OF PYRETHROID AND ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDES TO THE HONEY BEE, APIS MELLIFERA AND THE YELLOW FEVER MOSQUITO, AEDES AEGYPTI","authors":"H. Sánchez-arroyo","doi":"10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129102","url":null,"abstract":"Six insecticide active ingredients (AIs) and five commercial insecticide formulations were applied by topical application and onto filter paper strips to determine differential toxicity to Aedes aegypti (L.) and Apis mellifera (L.), and to evaluate their potential use in future insecticide resistance monitoring surveys. For topical application, 0.1 or 1 µl of the technical insecticide solution was applied to the Ae. aegypti and A. mellifera thorax, respectively. For insecticide-impregnated strips the insecticide amount varied, according with the commercial formulation. By topical application deltamethrin was the most toxic AI (LD 50 = 0.057 µg/g) to Ae. aegypti and prallethrin was least toxic (LD 50 = 19.42 µg/g). For A. mellifera, the most toxic AIs were deltamethrin (LD 50 = 0.013 µg/g) and bifenthrin (LD50 = 0.156 µg/g); and the least toxic was chlorpyrifos (LD 50 = 3.246 µg/g). When the insecticide-impregnated papers method was used, Mosquitomist Two (chlorpyrifos 24.6%) was the most toxic insecticide for Ae. aegypti (LC50 = 0.024 µg/cm2 ), and Aqualuer (permethrin 20.6%, PBO 20.6%) was least toxic (LC50 = 0.408 µg/cm2 ). For A. mellifera the most toxic commercial insecticide formulations were Talstar (bifenthrin 7.9%; LC50 = 0.288 µg/cm2 ) and Mosquitomist Two (LC50 = 0.299 µg/cm2 ), with no significant differences, and the least toxic commercial formulation was Deltagard (deltamethrin 2.0%; LC50 = 15.084 µg/cm2 ). By topical application, more than 28 times of chlorpyrifos was needed to obtain the same mortality in A. mellifera as in Ae. aegypti. When using the insecticide-impregnated paper method, more than 206 times of Deltagard was needed to obtain the same mortality in A. mellifera as in Ae. aegypti. Even though Mosquitomist Two was the most toxic insecticide for both insect species, the honey bees were >12 times more tolerant to this insecticide, compared with the mosquitoes.","PeriodicalId":17272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74974056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129108
Muhammad Farooq
D-allethrin vapor generated from a personal mosquito repellent device (Thermacell MR300) was evaluated for its effectiveness to repel the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (adults and nymphs) when released at tick body level in a wind tunnel and in an olfactometer. In the wind tunnel 48.5% of ticks moved upwind when only attractant lure was present, while only 30.8% moved upwind when d-allethrin repellent was present with the lure. In the olfactometer strong repellency of d-allethrin vapor to adults was observed, but the effect was reduced with nymphs. Results of this study showed that d-allethrin vapor generated by the Thermacell MR300 pad could be used to reduce movement of ticks towards a host under some conditions.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF D-ALLETHRIN IN THE THERMACELL MOSqUITO REPELLENT DEVICE AGAINST THE LONE STAR TICK UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS","authors":"Muhammad Farooq","doi":"10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129108","url":null,"abstract":"D-allethrin vapor generated from a personal mosquito repellent device (Thermacell MR300) was evaluated for its effectiveness to repel the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (adults and nymphs) when released at tick body level in a wind tunnel and in an olfactometer. In the wind tunnel 48.5% of ticks moved upwind when only attractant lure was present, while only 30.8% moved upwind when d-allethrin repellent was present with the lure. In the olfactometer strong repellency of d-allethrin vapor to adults was observed, but the effect was reduced with nymphs. Results of this study showed that d-allethrin vapor generated by the Thermacell MR300 pad could be used to reduce movement of ticks towards a host under some conditions.","PeriodicalId":17272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76404275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129094
Alexandria S. Watkins
The Naples Botanical Garden, located in Collier County, Florida, attracts over 220,000 visitors each year. The gardens house a collection of plants from around the world, including a featured area for over 100 species of exotic and native bromeliads. Ornamental bromeliads have previously been investigated to define their “tank” structure as a haven for mosquito eggs and larvae. The Naples Botanical Gardens was investigated for the presence of juvenile mosquitoes inhabiting large-tanked bromeliads. A survey of mosquito species inhabiting bromeliads in the gardens indicated that the most abundant species was Culex quinquefasciatus. With the ongoing threat of vector borne diseases such as West Nile virus, the abundance of vector mosquitoes and heavy tourist traffic in the gardens, insecticide resistance testing was performed on Cx. quinquefasciatus originating in the gardens in order to assess the ability of pyrethroid-based insecticides used by the local vector control agency to successfully target this species in the event of a disease outbreak. We identified pyrethroid resistance in Cx. quinquefasciatus collected from Naples Botanical Gardens, and that oxidase activity was the primary mechanism responsible for its pyrethroid resistance status.
{"title":"ORNAMENTAL BROMELIADS OF LOCAL BOTANICAL GARDENS SERVE AS PRODUCTION SITES FOR PYRETHROID-RESISTANT CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS (SAY) IN COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA","authors":"Alexandria S. Watkins","doi":"10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129094","url":null,"abstract":"The Naples Botanical Garden, located in Collier County, Florida, attracts over 220,000 visitors each year. The gardens house a collection of plants from around the world, including a featured area for over 100 species of exotic and native bromeliads. Ornamental bromeliads have previously been investigated to define their “tank” structure as a haven for mosquito eggs and larvae. The Naples Botanical Gardens was investigated for the presence of juvenile mosquitoes inhabiting large-tanked bromeliads. A survey of mosquito species inhabiting bromeliads in the gardens indicated that the most abundant species was Culex quinquefasciatus. With the ongoing threat of vector borne diseases such as West Nile virus, the abundance of vector mosquitoes and heavy tourist traffic in the gardens, insecticide resistance testing was performed on Cx. quinquefasciatus originating in the gardens in order to assess the ability of pyrethroid-based insecticides used by the local vector control agency to successfully target this species in the event of a disease outbreak. We identified pyrethroid resistance in Cx. quinquefasciatus collected from Naples Botanical Gardens, and that oxidase activity was the primary mechanism responsible for its pyrethroid resistance status.","PeriodicalId":17272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76426818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129099
Amy Junnila
The performance of the three-part mosquito lure ATRAKTA (1-octen-3-ol, ammonium bicarbonate, and lactic acid) was evaluated in two DynaTrap commercial mosquito traps (models DT160 and DT700) as well as in one model of CDC trap (model 512). Lures were evaluated fresh from the factory, after being aged in functioning traps under field conditions, and after prolonged storage in the packaging (aged for 30 days aged in functioning traps before being tested in the DynaTrap models; and two years stored in the packaging before being tested in CDC traps). The primary study questions were whether the addition of lures would increase efficacy of various trap types and whether lures would retain effectiveness after a lengthy stay on the shelf or in traps. To do this, traps with no lures, new lures and old lures were used to trap three mosquito species (Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles gambiae) in the field in West Africa Mali, the first two species are also common North American nuisance mosquitoes. The addition of ATRAKTA lures aged 30 days to both DynaTrap® models, and ATRAKTA lures aged two years in the packaging to the CDC trap significantly increased catches of female Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. Aged lures did not significantly lose their attraction in comparison to lures fresh from the factory. The addition of lures to traps resulted in slight increases in catches of An. gambiae, but these were not statistically significant. No effect of any lures on males was observed.
{"title":"PERFORMANCE OF THE ATRAKTA™ MOSQUITO LURE IN COMBINATION WITH DYNATRAP® (MODELS DT160 AND DT700) AND A CDC TRAP (MODEL 512)","authors":"Amy Junnila","doi":"10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129099","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of the three-part mosquito lure ATRAKTA (1-octen-3-ol, ammonium bicarbonate, and lactic acid) was evaluated in two DynaTrap commercial mosquito traps (models DT160 and DT700) as well as in one model of CDC trap (model 512). Lures were evaluated fresh from the factory, after being aged in functioning traps under field conditions, and after prolonged storage in the packaging (aged for 30 days aged in functioning traps before being tested in the DynaTrap models; and two years stored in the packaging before being tested in CDC traps). The primary study questions were whether the addition of lures would increase efficacy of various trap types and whether lures would retain effectiveness after a lengthy stay on the shelf or in traps. To do this, traps with no lures, new lures and old lures were used to trap three mosquito species (Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles gambiae) in the field in West Africa Mali, the first two species are also common North American nuisance mosquitoes. The addition of ATRAKTA lures aged 30 days to both DynaTrap® models, and ATRAKTA lures aged two years in the packaging to the CDC trap significantly increased catches of female Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. Aged lures did not significantly lose their attraction in comparison to lures fresh from the factory. The addition of lures to traps resulted in slight increases in catches of An. gambiae, but these were not statistically significant. No effect of any lures on males was observed.","PeriodicalId":17272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89216290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129104
E. Khater
Spatial repellents (SR), include pyrethroid insecticides that are highly volatile at low temperatures and with high lethal activities against mosquitoes, mainly Aedes vectors of arboviral diseases. Of these SR, metofluthrin is widely used in various devices for repellent consumer products. This article reports the susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti Puerto Rico permethrin-resistant laboratory strain (PR) and Orlando susceptible laboratory strain (ORL) to metofluthrin and permethrin using the CDC glass bottle bioassay. The time-mortality relationships showed that the permethrin-resistant PR strain is highly resistant to both permethrin and metofluthrin compared to the susceptible ORL strain. The resistant ratio (RR) based on the killing time (KT) (KT50 -PR/KT50 -ORL) was 30- and 5- folds for permethrin and metofluthrin, respectively. The results also showed that the PR strain is less resistance to metofluthrin than to permethrin, with a three-fold RR (KT50 -PR-per/KT50 -PR-met). These results indicate the potential risk of developing cross-resistance of metofluthrin in permethrin-resistant mosquitoes. Integrated vector management in mosquito control should be considerate of how consumer products and field operations interact to accelerate cross resistance to pyrethroids.
{"title":"INSECTICIDE EFFICACY OF SPATIAL REPELLENT COMPOUND-METOFLUTHRIN AGAINST SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT STRAINS OF AEDES AEGYPTI","authors":"E. Khater","doi":"10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129104","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial repellents (SR), include pyrethroid insecticides that are highly volatile at low temperatures and with high lethal activities against mosquitoes, mainly Aedes vectors of arboviral diseases. Of these SR, metofluthrin is widely used in various devices for repellent consumer products. This article reports the susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti Puerto Rico permethrin-resistant laboratory strain (PR) and Orlando susceptible laboratory strain (ORL) to metofluthrin and permethrin using the CDC glass bottle bioassay. The time-mortality relationships showed that the permethrin-resistant PR strain is highly resistant to both permethrin and metofluthrin compared to the susceptible ORL strain. The resistant ratio (RR) based on the killing time (KT) (KT50 -PR/KT50 -ORL) was 30- and 5- folds for permethrin and metofluthrin, respectively. The results also showed that the PR strain is less resistance to metofluthrin than to permethrin, with a three-fold RR (KT50 -PR-per/KT50 -PR-met). These results indicate the potential risk of developing cross-resistance of metofluthrin in permethrin-resistant mosquitoes. Integrated vector management in mosquito control should be considerate of how consumer products and field operations interact to accelerate cross resistance to pyrethroids.","PeriodicalId":17272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80544862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129107
R. Xue
A solvent orange oil has been used to mix with permethrin and PBO as a commercial adulticide product called Aqualure® 20-20 for control of adult mosquitoes. The orange oil at 2.7% and 3.5% sprayed by three backpack sprayers, Hudson battery operated sprayer modified with a Solo nozzle, hand pump sprayer Solo-425, and Birchmeire battery operated sprayer, against caged adult female Aedes aegypti Linn. and Culex quinquefasciatus Say resulted in 89%–100% mortality of Ae. aegypti and 100% mortality of Cx. quinquefasciatus. The three different backpack sprayers did not show any significant differences in the percent mortality. Our test results demonstrate that orange oil alone at a high dose (3.5 %) showed effective insecticidal characteristics against both species of adult mosquitoes.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF ORANGE OIL APPLIED BY THREE BACKPACK SPRAYERS AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI AND CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS","authors":"R. Xue","doi":"10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/JFMCA.V68I1.129107","url":null,"abstract":"A solvent orange oil has been used to mix with permethrin and PBO as a commercial adulticide product called Aqualure® 20-20 for control of adult mosquitoes. The orange oil at 2.7% and 3.5% sprayed by three backpack sprayers, Hudson battery operated sprayer modified with a Solo nozzle, hand pump sprayer Solo-425, and Birchmeire battery operated sprayer, against caged adult female Aedes aegypti Linn. and Culex quinquefasciatus Say resulted in 89%–100% mortality of Ae. aegypti and 100% mortality of Cx. quinquefasciatus. The three different backpack sprayers did not show any significant differences in the percent mortality. Our test results demonstrate that orange oil alone at a high dose (3.5 %) showed effective insecticidal characteristics against both species of adult mosquitoes.","PeriodicalId":17272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90903172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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