The effect of alpha particle radiation on nonlinear optical properties of poly(allyl diglycol carbonate) (CR-39) polymer has been investigated using the Z-scan technique. CR-39 polymers were exposed to alpha particles at different doses: 23.7 and 47.5 Gy. Alpha particles cause significant optical and chemical changes in the polymer CR-39. Data from UV-visible spectrometers revealed that when alpha particle doses increased, the absorption edge of polymer redshifted and the energy band gap decreased. Fourier transform infrared absorption spectra of alpha irradiation samples show a change in intensity and bond breakage in the chemical groups constituting the CR-39 polymer compared to the pristine one. With 100 fs laser pulses and 80 MHz repetition rate, the nonlinear absorption coefficient and nonlinear refractive index are measured for a pristine and irradiated polymer with different alpha doses at different excitation wavelengths and laser peak power. The samples displayed a negative nonlinear refractive index and reverse saturable absorption behavior with three photons absorption. The results reveal that the nonlinear optical properties of CR-39 were enhanced by alpha particle radiation.
{"title":"Using Femtosecond Laser Pulses to Explore the Nonlinear Optical Properties of a CR-39 Polymer after being Exposed to Alpha","authors":"mona ali, M. F. Eissa, Tarek Hassan","doi":"10.1364/josab.501523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.501523","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of alpha particle radiation on nonlinear optical properties of poly(allyl diglycol carbonate) (CR-39) polymer has been investigated using the Z-scan technique. CR-39 polymers were exposed to alpha particles at different doses: 23.7 and 47.5 Gy. Alpha particles cause significant optical and chemical changes in the polymer CR-39. Data from UV-visible spectrometers revealed that when alpha particle doses increased, the absorption edge of polymer redshifted and the energy band gap decreased. Fourier transform infrared absorption spectra of alpha irradiation samples show a change in intensity and bond breakage in the chemical groups constituting the CR-39 polymer compared to the pristine one. With 100 fs laser pulses and 80 MHz repetition rate, the nonlinear absorption coefficient and nonlinear refractive index are measured for a pristine and irradiated polymer with different alpha doses at different excitation wavelengths and laser peak power. The samples displayed a negative nonlinear refractive index and reverse saturable absorption behavior with three photons absorption. The results reveal that the nonlinear optical properties of CR-39 were enhanced by alpha particle radiation.","PeriodicalId":17280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134947737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hendradi Hardhienata, Hasan Al Kharfan, Salim Faci, Muhammad Birowosuto, Husin Alatas
We apply the simplified-bond-hyperpolarizability model (SBHM) to investigate second harmonic generation (SHG) from tetragonal and orthorhombic methylammonium (MA) lead (Pb) iodide (I) perovskite structures. Assuming that the SHG radiation comes from the anharmonic charges parallel to the Pb-I covalent bond vectors, we show explicitly how the reflective rotational anysotropy SHG (RASHG) intensity profiles arise via dipole superposition from the perovskite surface and that their bulk contribution is zero for both the tetragonal and orthorhombic bulk structures if the contribution from MA molecules can be neglected. In addition, we compare the third order susceptibility tensor obtained from group theory and SBHM and calculate the values for the nonzero components as well as derive the SHG intensity field formulas. We found that the tetragonal and orthorhombic perovskite SHG intensity profiles are different. Furthermore, our results show that even in relative complex systems such as metal halide perovskites (MHPs), RASHG experimental data can be fitted using only one independent fitting parameter, which is the effective Pb-I nonlinear hyperpolarizability. Therefore, the analysis of perovskite using an anharmonic bond model can lead to better efficiencies of photovoltaic devices, while it will also pave a way for the use of SHG in MHP crystals as frequency conversion and optical signal processing.
{"title":"Bond model of Second Harmonic Generation inTetragonal and Orthorhombic Perovskite Structure","authors":"Hendradi Hardhienata, Hasan Al Kharfan, Salim Faci, Muhammad Birowosuto, Husin Alatas","doi":"10.1364/josab.499753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.499753","url":null,"abstract":"We apply the simplified-bond-hyperpolarizability model (SBHM) to investigate second harmonic generation (SHG) from tetragonal and orthorhombic methylammonium (MA) lead (Pb) iodide (I) perovskite structures. Assuming that the SHG radiation comes from the anharmonic charges parallel to the Pb-I covalent bond vectors, we show explicitly how the reflective rotational anysotropy SHG (RASHG) intensity profiles arise via dipole superposition from the perovskite surface and that their bulk contribution is zero for both the tetragonal and orthorhombic bulk structures if the contribution from MA molecules can be neglected. In addition, we compare the third order susceptibility tensor obtained from group theory and SBHM and calculate the values for the nonzero components as well as derive the SHG intensity field formulas. We found that the tetragonal and orthorhombic perovskite SHG intensity profiles are different. Furthermore, our results show that even in relative complex systems such as metal halide perovskites (MHPs), RASHG experimental data can be fitted using only one independent fitting parameter, which is the effective Pb-I nonlinear hyperpolarizability. Therefore, the analysis of perovskite using an anharmonic bond model can lead to better efficiencies of photovoltaic devices, while it will also pave a way for the use of SHG in MHP crystals as frequency conversion and optical signal processing.","PeriodicalId":17280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134947909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We study the excitation of Rydberg states in warm rubidium vapor. Using an inverted wavelength excitation scheme, we observe the effect of microwave coupling between Rydberg states through electromagnetically induced transparency. We observe AC stark shifts of the Rydberg states from the microwave coupling, and demonstrate detuned excitation to a secondary Rydberg state. These results show flexibility in the excitation process and state selection necessary for a variety of wave-mixing processes using Rydberg states.
{"title":"Rydberg excitation through detuned microwave1transition in rubidium","authors":"Erik Brekke, Cordell Umland","doi":"10.1364/josab.502442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.502442","url":null,"abstract":"We study the excitation of Rydberg states in warm rubidium vapor. Using an inverted wavelength excitation scheme, we observe the effect of microwave coupling between Rydberg states through electromagnetically induced transparency. We observe AC stark shifts of the Rydberg states from the microwave coupling, and demonstrate detuned excitation to a secondary Rydberg state. These results show flexibility in the excitation process and state selection necessary for a variety of wave-mixing processes using Rydberg states.","PeriodicalId":17280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134947905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seung-Whan Bahk, Siddharth Sampat, Matthew Heimbueger, David Weiner, joseph kwiatkowski, Katelynn Bauer, Leon Waxer
{"title":"Single-shot, phase-diversity phase retrieval for high-energy beam focal-spot diagnostics","authors":"Seung-Whan Bahk, Siddharth Sampat, Matthew Heimbueger, David Weiner, joseph kwiatkowski, Katelynn Bauer, Leon Waxer","doi":"10.1364/josab.498218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.498218","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chengming lyu, Yiqi Zhang, Milivoj Belic, Yongdong Li, yongfeng kang
{"title":"Diffraction-free distance enhancement of Bessel beams based on spatial domain phase modulation","authors":"Chengming lyu, Yiqi Zhang, Milivoj Belic, Yongdong Li, yongfeng kang","doi":"10.1364/josab.502991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.502991","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135696019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dispersion models exhibiting natural optical activity: theory of dielectric response of isotropic systems","authors":"Daniel Franta, Jiri Vohanka, Beáta Hroncová","doi":"10.1364/josab.497572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.497572","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135738575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An all-dielectric Fano resonance sensor is proposed, and its sensing characteristics are numerically investigated in the near-infrared region. The proposed device comprises two planar waveguides and a grating. The coupling between high- and low-quality-factor guided modes of the waveguides leads to a sharp Fano resonance at the optical communication wavelength of . Owing to the transparency of constituent dielectric layers in the near-infrared region, a sharp, low-loss Fano resonance appears in the reflection spectrum, which is favorable in sensing applications. The proposed sensor can detect small changes in the refractive index of the sensing medium as low as . The high sensitivity of a structure is promising in biochemical applications, such as measuring the refractive indices of organic solvents, the level of water content in ethanol and aqueous solutions, and blood glucose levels. The refractive index sensitivity is as high as λ =1550nm, and a figure of merit of Δ n =0.001 is achieved.
提出了一种全介质法诺谐振传感器，并对其近红外区域的传感特性进行了数值研究。所提出的器件包括两个平面波导和一个光栅。波导的高质量因子和低质量因子导模之间的耦合导致在光通信波长处出现尖锐的法诺共振。由于组成介质层在近红外区域的透明，反射光谱中出现了一个尖锐的低损耗范诺共振，这有利于传感应用。所提出的传感器可以检测到传感介质折射率低至的微小变化。该结构的高灵敏度在生物化学应用中很有前景，例如测量有机溶剂的折射率，乙醇和水溶液中的含水量水平以及血糖水平。折射率灵敏度高达λ =1550nm，获得Δ n =0.001的优值。
{"title":"High-resolution biosensing with C-band guided mode Fano resonance in an all-dielectric structure","authors":"Shahriar Farhadi, Mehdi Miri, ali farmani","doi":"10.1364/josab.499221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.499221","url":null,"abstract":"An all-dielectric Fano resonance sensor is proposed, and its sensing characteristics are numerically investigated in the near-infrared region. The proposed device comprises two planar waveguides and a grating. The coupling between high- and low-quality-factor guided modes of the waveguides leads to a sharp Fano resonance at the optical communication wavelength of . Owing to the transparency of constituent dielectric layers in the near-infrared region, a sharp, low-loss Fano resonance appears in the reflection spectrum, which is favorable in sensing applications. The proposed sensor can detect small changes in the refractive index of the sensing medium as low as . The high sensitivity of a structure is promising in biochemical applications, such as measuring the refractive indices of organic solvents, the level of water content in ethanol and aqueous solutions, and blood glucose levels. The refractive index sensitivity is as high as λ =1550nm, and a figure of merit of Δ n =0.001 is achieved.","PeriodicalId":17280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135647848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiang Liu, Mingzhu Han, Haiwei Mu, Wei Liu, Wenjing Li, Kaiyu Wang, Chao Ma, Jingwei Lv, Paul Chu, Chao Liu
{"title":"Design of a multi-core photonic crystal fiber supporting 518 OAM modes","authors":"Qiang Liu, Mingzhu Han, Haiwei Mu, Wei Liu, Wenjing Li, Kaiyu Wang, Chao Ma, Jingwei Lv, Paul Chu, Chao Liu","doi":"10.1364/josab.501502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.501502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135697446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongqiang Du, Guangshen Lin, Yongkang Li, Zhang Zhenrong, Kejin Wei
{"title":"Homodyne detection-based discrete-variable quantum key distribution with heralded single-photon source","authors":"Yongqiang Du, Guangshen Lin, Yongkang Li, Zhang Zhenrong, Kejin Wei","doi":"10.1364/josab.499607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.499607","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135697793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present paper, we propose a coupled multipole model to treat the mutual interactions between nanoparticles aligned in a periodic array, which may be frequently encountered in designing metasurfaces and other functional electromagnetic structures. Our model is comprehensive in that it takes into account the electric and magnetic multipoles both up to the quadrupole order. Working under Cartesian coordinates, this model can readily give the multipole responses of the particles in an infinite array at both normal and oblique incidence. In particular, we work out the analytical expressions of the cross-multipole coupling tensors, which are much more complicated for oblique incidence than normal incidence. We invoke the Ewald method to efficiently and accurately calculate the involved lattice sum whose convergence is otherwise very slow. By quantifying the contributions from the various couplings, we are able to analyze the mechanisms of new resonances that emerge only at oblique incidence. As a prototypical example, we use this method to give physically clear explanations of and show flexible control on the resonance shifts of the multipoles of an array of silicon spheres. The power of this model makes it very promising for dealing with metasurfaces with extended areas or working at large numerical apertures.
{"title":"Multipole couplings and resonance shifts in array of dielectric particles at oblique incidence","authors":"Xiaosheng Zhu, Yu Xin, Chunxu Zhang, Yingjun He","doi":"10.1364/josab.501061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.501061","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper, we propose a coupled multipole model to treat the mutual interactions between nanoparticles aligned in a periodic array, which may be frequently encountered in designing metasurfaces and other functional electromagnetic structures. Our model is comprehensive in that it takes into account the electric and magnetic multipoles both up to the quadrupole order. Working under Cartesian coordinates, this model can readily give the multipole responses of the particles in an infinite array at both normal and oblique incidence. In particular, we work out the analytical expressions of the cross-multipole coupling tensors, which are much more complicated for oblique incidence than normal incidence. We invoke the Ewald method to efficiently and accurately calculate the involved lattice sum whose convergence is otherwise very slow. By quantifying the contributions from the various couplings, we are able to analyze the mechanisms of new resonances that emerge only at oblique incidence. As a prototypical example, we use this method to give physically clear explanations of and show flexible control on the resonance shifts of the multipoles of an array of silicon spheres. The power of this model makes it very promising for dealing with metasurfaces with extended areas or working at large numerical apertures.","PeriodicalId":17280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135647847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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