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Studying the Effectiveness of an Expired Betamethasone Drug in Sulfuric Acid Solutions to Examine the Corrosive Behavior of Copper Using Weight Loss and Experimental Design 利用失重和实验设计研究硫酸溶液中过期倍他米松药物对铜腐蚀性的影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1353785
T. Attar, A. Benchadli
Utilizing expired pharmaceuticals as corrosion inhibitors for copper in acidic environments offers compelling advantages, including cost-effectiveness, reduced toxicity compared to traditional inhibitors, and contribution to pharmaceutical waste reduction through recycling. This study investigates the corrosion inhibition of copper in a sulfuric acid solution using varying concentrations of Expired Betamethasone Drug, employing weight loss and Experimental Design methods. The influence of temperature on copper's corrosion behavior is examined within the range of 293–333 K. Results show that inhibition efficiency increases with higher inhibitor concentrations but decreases with rising temperature. Thermodynamic analyses elucidate adsorption and activation processes, revealing that the adsorption of Expired Betamethasone Drug on copper surfaces is characterized as endothermic and spontaneous, aligning well with the Langmuir and Frumkin adsorption isotherms. The activation and free energies of inhibition reactions support a mechanism of physical adsorption. To establish the relationship between factors and responses, we employ response surface methodology (RSM) with regression statistical analysis and probabilistic assessment. Statistical analysis demonstrates highly significant quadratic models for inhibition efficiencies (IE) with a coefficient of multiple regressions (R²) of 0.999. Further model validation confirms a strong fit (adjusted R² = 0.997), with experimental observations closely matching predictions and a highly significant model (Q² = 0.989). The findings reveal that this expired drug exhibits substantial inhibitory power, exceeding 96%, in both experimental and predictive calculations.
利用过期药品作为铜在酸性环境中的缓蚀剂具有令人信服的优势,包括成本效益高、与传统缓蚀剂相比毒性降低以及通过回收利用减少药品废物。本研究采用失重法和实验设计法,研究了不同浓度的过期倍他米松药物在硫酸溶液中对铜的缓蚀作用。结果表明,抑制剂浓度越高,抑制效率越高,但温度越高,抑制效率越低。热力学分析阐明了吸附和活化过程,发现过期倍他米松药物在铜表面的吸附具有内热和自发的特点,与 Langmuir 和 Frumkin 吸附等温线非常吻合。抑制反应的活化能和自由能支持物理吸附机制。为了确定因素与反应之间的关系,我们采用了反应面方法(RSM),并进行了回归统计分析和概率评估。统计分析表明,抑制效率(IE)的二次模型非常显著,多元回归系数(R²)为 0.999。进一步的模型验证证实了模型的拟合度很高(调整后 R² = 0.997),实验观察结果与预测结果非常吻合,模型的显著性很高(Q² = 0.989)。研究结果表明,这种过期药物具有很强的抑制能力,在实验和预测计算中都超过了 96%。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, and Docking Study of Some New Isoxazoline Derivatives Derived from Chalcones 从查尔酮衍生的一些新异噁唑啉衍生物的合成、抗菌评价和 Docking 研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1353554
Inas Sali̇m, Ahmed MUTANABBİ ABDULA, Abdulkadir MOHAMMED NOORİ JASSİM
New 2-Isoxazoline derivatives containing furan moieties were synthesized from chalcones as starting materials, followed by antimicrobial activity. Chalcones were synthesized by reacting p-methoxy acetophenone or 3,4-(methylenedioxy)acetophenone with various aldehydes that were synthesized using Claisen-Schmidt condensation. Subsequently, the obtained products underwent cyclization with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to yield the corresponding 2-isoxazoline derivatives. The synthesized isoxazolines have been characterized via 1H-NMR, FTIR, and GC-Mass spectroscopy. The new derivatives were screened for their activity against different bacterial species as well as Candida albicans and exhibited moderate to excellent activity as new antimicrobial agents. A docking study was conducted on most potent derivatives against glucoseamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlcN-6-P), the target enzyme for antimicrobial agents. The study aimed to understand how the discovered derivatives interact with the binding pocket residues of the enzyme.
以查耳酮为起始原料合成了含有呋喃分子的新型 2-异噁唑啉衍生物,并对其进行了抗菌活性研究。查耳酮是通过对甲氧基苯乙酮或 3,4-(亚甲基二氧基)苯乙酮与各种醛反应合成的。随后,得到的产物与盐酸羟胺发生环化反应,生成相应的 2-异噁唑啉衍生物。合成的异噁唑啉通过 1H-NMR、傅立叶变换红外光谱和气相色谱-质谱进行了表征。对这些新衍生物进行了筛选,以检测它们对不同细菌种类和白色念珠菌的活性,结果表明它们作为新的抗菌剂具有中等到优异的活性。针对抗菌剂的目标酶--葡萄糖胺-6-磷酸合成酶(GlcN-6-P),对最有效的衍生物进行了对接研究。该研究旨在了解已发现的衍生物如何与酶的结合袋残基相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis And Characterization of Two New Hofmann-Type-Like Compounds From Some Alkali Metal Atoms And Glycine Anhydride 由一些碱金属原子和甘氨酸酐合成的两种新型霍夫曼类化合物及其特性
Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1368425
Z. Kartal, Z. Şahin
In this study, two new compounds with their closed formula, C8H10K2N6NiO4, and C8H10Na2N6NiO4, were synthesized, the first in crystal form and the second in powder form. Various properties of these compounds were characterized by SC-XRD and FT-IR methods. Theoretical information about the compounds was obtained with the help of the Gaussian 03 program. The molecular formula that best reflects the structural properties of this first 3D compound, which is in crystalline form and has polymeric properties, can be given as {K2(GA)(H2O)2[Ni(CN)4]}n. With a similar thought, it can be suggested that the molecular formula that best reflects the structural properties of the second 3D compound in powder form and with polymeric properties will be {Na2(GA)(H2O)2[Ni(CN)4]}n. The asymmetric unit of the {K2(GA)(H2O)2[Ni(μ4-CN)4]}n compound is composed of a half Ni(II) ion, one K(I) cation, two cyanide ligands, a half GA ligand molecule, and one bounded water ligand molecule. The structure of the compound, which consists of 3D polymeric chains, is formed by various bonds between the GA molecule, K(I) cations, water ligand molecules, and Ni(CN)4 ions.
本研究合成了两种新化合物,前者为晶体状,后者为粉末状,其封闭式分别为 C8H10K2N6NiO4 和 C8H10Na2N6NiO4。通过 SC-XRD 和 FT-IR 方法对这些化合物的各种特性进行了表征。在高斯 03 程序的帮助下,获得了这些化合物的理论信息。最能反映第一种三维化合物结构特性的分子式为{K2(GA)(H2O)2[Ni(CN)4]}n。根据类似的思路,可以认为最能反映第二种三维化合物结构特性的分子式为 {Na2(GA)(H2O)2[Ni(CN)4]}n。{K2(GA)(H2O)2[Ni(μ4-CN)4]}n化合物的不对称单元由半个Ni(II)离子、一个K(I)阳离子、两个氰配体、半个GA配体分子和一个结合水配体分子组成。该化合物的结构由三维聚合链组成,由 GA 分子、K(I) 阳离子、水配体分子和 Ni(CN)4 离子之间的各种键形成。
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引用次数: 0
Supervised Machine Learning-Graph Theory Approach For Analyzing the Electronic Properties of Alkanes 用于分析烷烃电子特性的监督机器学习-图论方法
Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1166158
Zubainun MOHAMED ZABİDİ, Nurul Aimi Zakari̇a, Ahmad NAZİB ALİAS
The combination of advanced scientific computing and quantum chemistry improves the existing approach in all chemistry and material science fields. Machine learning has revolutionized numerous disciplines within chemistry and material science. In this study, we present a supervised learning model for predicting the HOMO and LUMO energies of alkanes, which is trained on a database of molecular topological indices. We introduce a new moment topology approach has been introduced as molecular descriptors. Supervised learning utilizes artificial neural networks and support vector machines, taking advantage of the correlation between the molecular descriptors. The result demonstrate that this supervised learning model outperforms other models in predicting the HOMO and LUMO energies of alkanes. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate descriptors and learning systems, as they play crucial role in accurately modeling molecules with topological orbitals.
先进科学计算与量子化学的结合改进了所有化学和材料科学领域的现有方法。机器学习为化学和材料科学领域的众多学科带来了变革。在本研究中,我们提出了一种用于预测烷烃 HOMO 和 LUMO 能量的监督学习模型,该模型是在分子拓扑指数数据库中训练出来的。我们引入了一种新的矩拓扑方法作为分子描述符。监督学习利用了人工神经网络和支持向量机,充分利用了分子描述符之间的相关性。结果表明,这种监督学习模型在预测烷烃的 HOMO 和 LUMO 能量方面优于其他模型。此外,我们还强调了选择合适的描述符和学习系统的重要性,因为它们在精确建立具有拓扑轨道的分子模型方面起着至关重要的作用。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Method to Assay Aspirin in Pharmaceutical Formulations by Smartphone Camera-Based Image Scanning Densitometry 利用基于智能手机摄像头的图像扫描密度计检测药物制剂中阿司匹林含量的新方法
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1339301
Rimsha Khan, Jamil Anwar
Aspirin, a widely-used anti-inflammatory drug, can lead to serious consequences when overdosed. Therefore, there's a need for simple, cost-effective methods to determine its concentration and mitigate potential risks. This study aimed to develop a method for assessing aspirin in pharmaceutical preparations without the need for expensive equipment and with minimal sensitivity to ambient light. In this work, aspirin was subjected to a reaction with Fe(III), leading to the formation of violet-colored spots on filter paper and a 96-microwell plate. These colored spots were then captured using a smartphone in normal lighting conditions and analyzed on a computer. The integrated density of each spot was measured using a novel grayscale technique, and a calibration curve was created to relate integrated density to aspirin concentration. Analytical parameters and reagent concentrations were optimized for accuracy. To validate the method, three commercial aspirin samples were assayed and compared to ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, a reference method. The developed technique demonstrated excellent precision (coefficient of variation <0.68%) and relative errors below 5.2%. When compared to traditional color models like red-green-blue (RGB) and hue-saturation-luminosity (HSL), the grayscale model showed superior correlation (R2> 0.996), while the RGB model yielded less precise results (R2= 0.792). This study showcased the effectiveness of a cost-effective methodology for accurate aspirin quantification using a smartphone camera, even in the presence of ambient light.
阿司匹林是一种被广泛使用的消炎药,一旦服用过量就会导致严重后果。因此,需要一种简单、经济有效的方法来确定阿司匹林的浓度并降低潜在风险。本研究旨在开发一种评估药物制剂中阿司匹林含量的方法,该方法无需昂贵的设备,对环境光的敏感性极低。在这项工作中,阿司匹林与铁(III)发生反应,从而在滤纸和 96 微孔板上形成紫色斑点。然后使用智能手机在正常照明条件下捕捉这些色斑,并在计算机上进行分析。使用新颖的灰度技术测量每个斑点的综合密度,并绘制校准曲线,将综合密度与阿司匹林浓度联系起来。对分析参数和试剂浓度进行了优化,以确保准确性。为了验证该方法,对三种商用阿司匹林样品进行了检测,并与紫外-可见分光光度法(一种参考方法)进行了比较。所开发的技术显示出极佳的精确度(变异系数为 0.996),而 RGB 模型得出的结果精确度较低(R2= 0.792)。这项研究展示了使用智能手机摄像头精确定量阿司匹林的高性价比方法的有效性,即使在有环境光的情况下也是如此。
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引用次数: 0
Iodine–β-Cyclodextrin: An Effective Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution - Experimental Design and Investigating Thermodynamic Parameters 碘-β-环糊精:硫酸溶液中碳钢的有效缓蚀剂--实验设计与热力学参数研究
Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1346065
T. Attar, A. Benchadli, Esma CHOUKCHOU BRAHAM, Amal Benkhaled
Widely used across industries, carbon steel is vulnerable to corrosion in aggressive environments, especially acidic ones. Thus, effective methods to mitigate metal corrosion from acids are crucial. Inhibitors are extensively used to prevent corrosion in industries, with the potential for improved protective performance. The design of experiments was employed to determine the optimal conditions for enhancing the inhibitor efficiency of Iodine–β-Cyclodextrin (Iodine/β-CD) in a sulfuric acid solution at temperatures ranging from 20°C to 50°C. The relationship between the factors and responses was established using response surface methodology (RSM), employing regression statistical analysis and probabilistic analysis. A single response was recorded: inhibitor efficiency was determined by measuring weight loss before and after immersion in the inhibitor solution. Thermodynamic parameters were also computed to determine adsorption and activation processes. The statistical analysis revealed that the quadratic models for inhibition efficiencies (IE) were highly significant with a coefficient of multiple regressions R2= 0.997. Further validation of the model indicated a good fit (R2 Adj= 0.994), and the experimentally observed values aligned well with predicted ones, demonstrating a highly significant model with Q2= 0.978. The theoretical efficiency predicted by the RSM model was 88.41%, whereas the efficiency observed during the experimental test procedure with the best-evaluated variables was 82.45%. In conclusion, this paper aims to identify the optimal conditions for employing Iodine–β-Cyclodextrin as a new corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel, utilizing experimental design methods. The results indicate that iodine/β-CD exhibits remarkable corrosion inhibitory properties for carbon steel under specific conditions.
碳钢广泛应用于各行各业,但在腐蚀性环境中,尤其是酸性环境中,碳钢很容易受到腐蚀。因此,采用有效的方法减轻酸对金属的腐蚀至关重要。工业中广泛使用抑制剂来防止腐蚀,从而提高保护性能。实验设计用于确定在 20°C 至 50°C 的硫酸溶液中提高碘-β-环糊精(碘/β-CD)抑制剂效率的最佳条件。利用响应面方法(RSM),采用回归统计分析和概率分析,确定了各因素与响应之间的关系。只记录了一个响应:通过测量浸入抑制剂溶液前后的重量损失来确定抑制剂效率。还计算了热力学参数,以确定吸附和活化过程。统计分析显示,抑制效率(IE)的二次模型非常显著,多重回归系数 R2= 0.997。对模型的进一步验证表明拟合良好(R2 Adj=0.994),实验观测值与预测值吻合良好,Q2= 0.978,表明模型高度显著。RSM 模型预测的理论效率为 88.41%,而在使用最佳评估变量的实验测试程序中观察到的效率为 82.45%。总之,本文旨在利用实验设计方法,确定使用碘-β-环糊精作为碳钢新型缓蚀剂的最佳条件。结果表明,在特定条件下,碘/β-CD 对碳钢具有显著的缓蚀性能。
{"title":"Iodine–β-Cyclodextrin: An Effective Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution - Experimental Design and Investigating Thermodynamic Parameters","authors":"T. Attar, A. Benchadli, Esma CHOUKCHOU BRAHAM, Amal Benkhaled","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.1346065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1346065","url":null,"abstract":"Widely used across industries, carbon steel is vulnerable to corrosion in aggressive environments, especially acidic ones. Thus, effective methods to mitigate metal corrosion from acids are crucial. Inhibitors are extensively used to prevent corrosion in industries, with the potential for improved protective performance. The design of experiments was employed to determine the optimal conditions for enhancing the inhibitor efficiency of Iodine–β-Cyclodextrin (Iodine/β-CD) in a sulfuric acid solution at temperatures ranging from 20°C to 50°C. The relationship between the factors and responses was established using response surface methodology (RSM), employing regression statistical analysis and probabilistic analysis. A single response was recorded: inhibitor efficiency was determined by measuring weight loss before and after immersion in the inhibitor solution. Thermodynamic parameters were also computed to determine adsorption and activation processes. The statistical analysis revealed that the quadratic models for inhibition efficiencies (IE) were highly significant with a coefficient of multiple regressions R2= 0.997. Further validation of the model indicated a good fit (R2 Adj= 0.994), and the experimentally observed values aligned well with predicted ones, demonstrating a highly significant model with Q2= 0.978. The theoretical efficiency predicted by the RSM model was 88.41%, whereas the efficiency observed during the experimental test procedure with the best-evaluated variables was 82.45%. In conclusion, this paper aims to identify the optimal conditions for employing Iodine–β-Cyclodextrin as a new corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel, utilizing experimental design methods. The results indicate that iodine/β-CD exhibits remarkable corrosion inhibitory properties for carbon steel under specific conditions.","PeriodicalId":17299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139314748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sorption Behaviors of Amorphous Titanium Phosphate Towards Neodymium and Dysprosium 无定形磷酸钛对钕和镝的吸附行为
Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1337768
Süleyman İnan
Due to the limited supply of critical metals, their recovery from alternative sources has become a very important issue. In particular, end-of-life magnets contain significant amounts of neodymium (Nd) and dysprosium (Dy) ions and are considered secondary sources. The present study focused on the sorption and separation performance of titanium phosphate for Nd and Dy ions in an aqueous solution. In this regard, amorphous titanium phosphate (am‐TiP) was prepared via one‐step precipitation. XRD, SEM‐EDS, FTIR, and BET analysis were utilized to enlighten the morphological, structural, and surface properties of am‐TiP. The uptake of Nd3+ and Dy3+ ions was examined individually and in multiple element solutions depending on solution pH, contact time, metal concentration, and the presence of Co2+ ions. The maximum uptake capacity was 40.16 mg/g at pH 6 for Nd3+ and 26.95 mg/g at pH 4 for Dy3+. Am‐TiP has been observed to exhibit selectivity towards Nd3+ and Dy3+ ions in solutions containing Co2+ ions. The highest desorption yields obtained for Nd3+ and Dy3+ using 1.0 mol/L HCl were 95.2% and 97.4%, respectively.
由于关键金属的供应有限,从替代来源回收这些金属已成为一个非常重要的问题。特别是,报废磁铁中含有大量的钕 (Nd) 和镝 (Dy) 离子,被认为是二次来源。本研究的重点是磷酸钛对水溶液中钕离子和镝离子的吸附和分离性能。为此,研究人员通过一步沉淀法制备了无定形磷酸钛(am-TiP)。利用 XRD、SEM-EDS、FTIR 和 BET 分析来揭示 am-TiP 的形态、结构和表面特性。根据溶液的 pH 值、接触时间、金属浓度和 Co2+ 离子的存在情况,分别考察了 Nd3+ 和 Dy3+ 离子在多元素溶液中的吸收情况。在 pH 值为 6 时,Nd3+ 的最大吸收能力为 40.16 毫克/克,在 pH 值为 4 时,Dy3+ 的最大吸收能力为 26.95 毫克/克。据观察,在含有 Co2+ 离子的溶液中,Am-TiP 对 Nd3+ 和 Dy3+ 离子具有选择性。在使用 1.0 mol/L HCl 时,Nd3+和 Dy3+ 的最高解吸率分别为 95.2% 和 97.4%。
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引用次数: 0
Fe3O4@SA MNCs Synthesis, Characterization, and First-time Use in Hydrogen Production by NaBH4 Hydrolysis Fe3O4@SA MNCs 的合成、表征以及在通过 NaBH4 水解制氢中的首次应用
Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1354766
Adil Umaz
Hydrogen is a clean energy carrier that will reduce dependence on fossil fuels and contribute to reducing the harmful effects on the environment resulting from using fossil fuels. Hydrogen is produced by the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH4), one of the chemical hydrides, using a catalyst. In this study, Fe3O4@Salicylic acid magnetic nano-catalyst (Fe3O4@SA MNCs) was synthesized using the co-precipitation technique. The structural, physical, and chemical properties of the produced Fe3O4@SA MNCs were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, VSM, SEM, and SEM-EDX methods. At room temperature, the effect on hydrogen production performance was examined in the amounts of Fe3O4@SA MNCs (10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg), NaOH (0, 10, 20, and 25 mg), and NaBH4 (25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg). The highest hydrogen generation rates (HGR) were obtained using 10 mg Fe3O4@SA MNCs, 150 mg NaBH4, and 0 mg NaOH at room temperature. The obtained HGR value was calculated as 400 mL gcat-1.min-1. Fe3O4@SA MNCs were used for hydrogen production for the first time in this study. This study showed that Fe3O4@SA MNCs exhibit catalytic properties and are a promising, efficient catalyst in hydrogen production from NaBH4.
氢是一种清洁能源载体,可减少对化石燃料的依赖,并有助于减少使用化石燃料对环境造成的有害影响。氢是由化学氢化物之一的硼氢化钠(NaBH4)在催化剂的作用下水解产生的。本研究采用共沉淀技术合成了 Fe3O4@Salicylic acid 磁性纳米催化剂(Fe3O4@SA MNCs)。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、XRD、VSM、SEM 和 SEM-EDX 方法对制备的 Fe3O4@SA MNCs 的结构、物理和化学特性进行了表征。室温下,研究了 Fe3O4@SA MNCs(10、25、50、75 和 100 毫克)、NaOH(0、10、20 和 25 毫克)和 NaBH4(25、50、100、150 和 200 毫克)的用量对制氢性能的影响。在室温下,使用 10 毫克 Fe3O4@SA MNCs、150 毫克 NaBH4 和 0 毫克 NaOH 可获得最高的氢生成率(HGR)。计算得出的 HGR 值为 400 mL gcat-1.min-1。本研究首次将 Fe3O4@SA MNCs 用于制氢。该研究表明,Fe3O4@SA MNCs 具有催化特性,是一种很有前途的从 NaBH4 制氢的高效催化剂。
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引用次数: 0
Removal of Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solution Using Orange Peel as a Low Cost Adsorbent 用橘皮作为低成本吸附剂去除水溶液中的甲基橙
Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1313059
Ahmed Lawal, Abdulhafeez Abdulsalam
The objective of this research was to evaluate the feasibility of using orange peels as a low-cost adsorbent to remove methyl orange (MO) from water solutions. The orange peel adsorbent underwent characterization through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy to determine its properties before and after adsorption. A series of batch adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of various parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, particle size, and initial dye concentration on the adsorption process. In each case, varying the value of the parameter of interest while keeping all other parameters constant. Results revealed that the highest removal of the dye from the adsorbent was achieved at a contact time of 90 min, the adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g, a particle size of less than 63 µm, and an initial concentration of 300 mg/L. Furthermore, the adsorption rate increased with increasing contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration, while it decreased with increasing particle size of the adsorbent. Concentrations of methyl orange were analyzed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The experimental equilibrium data was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm provided the best fit for the experimental data with a correlation coefficient value of 0.9964 and a maximum adsorption capacity of 17.69 mg/g.
本研究旨在评估使用橘子皮作为低成本吸附剂去除水溶液中甲基橙(MO)的可行性。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对橘子皮吸附剂进行表征,以确定其吸附前后的特性。为了研究接触时间、吸附剂用量、粒度和初始染料浓度等各种参数对吸附过程的影响,进行了一系列批量吸附实验。在每种情况下,在保持所有其他参数不变的情况下,改变相关参数的值。结果表明,当接触时间为 90 分钟、吸附剂用量为 0.5 克、粒径小于 63 微米、初始浓度为 300 毫克/升时,吸附剂对染料的去除率最高。此外,吸附率随着接触时间、吸附剂用量和初始浓度的增加而增加,但随着吸附剂粒度的增加而降低。使用紫外可见分光光度计分析了甲基橙的浓度。实验平衡数据使用 Langmuir 和 Freundlich 等温线模型进行分析。Langmuir 等温线对实验数据的拟合效果最好,相关系数为 0.9964,最大吸附容量为 17.69 毫克/克。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of Micro Amounts of Promethazine Hydrochloride in Pure and Pharmaceutical Samples Using UV- Visible Spectrophotometry 利用紫外可见分光光度法测定纯样品和药用样品中盐酸异丙嗪的微量含量
Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1286566
I. Humei̇dy
This study presents the development of a novel, facile, and overly sensitive spectrophotometric approach for quantifying promethazine hydrochloride (PRO) within its pharmaceutical formulations. The method capitalizes on an oxidative coupling reaction, achieved through the oxidation of the compound in an acidic milieu utilizing ammonium cerium (IV) sulfate dehydrate (Ce+4) solution. This process leads to the creation of a green-colored solution, which, upon conjugation with 5-aminosalicylic acid, exhibits maximum absorption at a wavelength of 598 nm. The methodology investigated several parameters, encompassing oxidation duration, temperature, quantities of oxidizing agent and coupling reagent, and determining the stoichiometric ratio between promethazine hydrochloride and 5-aminosalicylic acid. The established ratio was confirmed to be 1:1. Numerous organic solvents were evaluated, with water emerging as the optimal choice due to its pronounced absorption characteristics at the 598 nm wavelength. The applicability of Beer's law was verified over a concentration range of 2 - 28 μg/mL of promethazine hydrochloride, with a calculated molar absorption coefficient of 1.9606 x 104 L/mol∙cm. The Sandell sensitivity index was determined as 0.0164 μg/cm2, while the relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged from 0.8553- 1.2671%. Notably, recovery percentages were also within the 99.88 – 100.34% range. The efficacy of this technique was effectively demonstrated through its successful application in the analysis of pharmaceutical formulations containing promethazine hydrochloride, employing the standard method as a benchmark.
本研究介绍了一种新颖、简便且灵敏度极高的分光光度法,用于定量检测药物制剂中的盐酸异丙嗪(PRO)。该方法利用了氧化偶联反应,在酸性环境中利用脱水硫酸铈铵 (Ce+4) 溶液对化合物进行氧化。这一过程产生了一种绿色溶液,与 5-氨基水杨酸共轭后,在 598 纳米波长处显示出最大吸收。该方法研究了多个参数,包括氧化持续时间、温度、氧化剂和偶联试剂的数量,并确定了盐酸异丙嗪和 5-氨基水杨酸之间的化学计量比。确定的比例为 1:1。对许多有机溶剂进行了评估,水因其在 598 纳米波长处的明显吸收特性而成为最佳选择。在盐酸异丙嗪 2 - 28 μg/mL 的浓度范围内验证了比尔定律的适用性,计算得出的摩尔吸收系数为 1.9606 x 104 L/mol∙cm。桑德尔灵敏度指数为 0.0164 μg/cm2,相对标准偏差(RSD)为 0.8553-1.2671%。值得注意的是,回收率也在 99.88 - 100.34% 之间。该技术以标准方法为基准,成功地应用于含有盐酸异丙嗪的药物制剂的分析,有效地证明了其功效。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry
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