Pub Date : 2016-07-08DOI: 10.18143/JISANH_V3I4_1408
G. Grosso
The association between total and individual classes of polyphenol and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components was evaluated in a cohort of 8,821 Polish adults (the HAPIEE cohort). Individuals in the highest quartile of polyphenol intake were less likely to have MetS, as well as elevated waist circumference, blood pressure, high lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides in women, and fasting plasma glucose in both genders. Among individual classes of polyphenols, phenolic acids and stilbenes were significantly associated with MetS; lignans and stilbenes with waist circumference; phenolic acids with blood pressure and triglycerides; and flavonoids with fasting plasma glucose. The analyses were repeated prospectively in individuals free of hypertension or diabetes and followed up to 6 years. Total polyphenols were associated with decreased risk of both hypertension (in both men and women) and diabetes (only in women). Among the main classes, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and stilbenes were responsible for the decreased risk of hypertension, while flavonoids and “other” polyphenols for diabetes.
{"title":"DIETARY POLYPHENOLS, METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ITS INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS","authors":"G. Grosso","doi":"10.18143/JISANH_V3I4_1408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18143/JISANH_V3I4_1408","url":null,"abstract":"The association between total and individual classes of polyphenol and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components was evaluated in a cohort of 8,821 Polish adults (the HAPIEE cohort). Individuals in the highest quartile of polyphenol intake were less likely to have MetS, as well as elevated waist circumference, blood pressure, high lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides in women, and fasting plasma glucose in both genders. Among individual classes of polyphenols, phenolic acids and stilbenes were significantly associated with MetS; lignans and stilbenes with waist circumference; phenolic acids with blood pressure and triglycerides; and flavonoids with fasting plasma glucose. The analyses were repeated prospectively in individuals free of hypertension or diabetes and followed up to 6 years. Total polyphenols were associated with decreased risk of both hypertension (in both men and women) and diabetes (only in women). Among the main classes, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and stilbenes were responsible for the decreased risk of hypertension, while flavonoids and “other” polyphenols for diabetes.","PeriodicalId":17323,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83828501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-08DOI: 10.18143/JISANH_V3I2_1445
R. Nagaraj, M. Smuda, Andrew J. O. Smith, M. Glomb, I. Wormstone, Cibin T. Raghavan
Due to low turnover rate basement membrane (BM) proteins accumulate chemical modifications with age. Glycation is one such modification, which leads to the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). The eye lens capsule is a BM secreted by lens epithelial cells. We have found age-dependent increases in AGE levels in the human lens capsule and significantly higher levels in cataractous lens capsules. We also found that AGEs in the human lens capsule promoted the TGFβ2-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells, and the AGE content of the capsule proteins was correlated to the synthesis of TGFβ2- mediated α-smooth muscle actin, which we proposed as a mechanism for posterior capsule opacification (PCO) or secondary cataract formation. We then investigated the role of a receptor for AGEs (RAGE) in the TGFβ2- mediated EMT in a human lens epithelial cell line. The RAGE levels were unaltered in cells cultured on either native or AGE-modified BM or upon treatment with TGFβ2. RAGE overexpression significantly enhanced the TGFβ2-mediated EMT responses in cells cultured on AGE-modified BM compared with the unmodified matrix. In contrast, treatment of cells with a RAGE antibody resulted in a significant reduction in the TGFβ2-mediated EMT response. This was accompanied by a reduction in TGFβ2-mediated Smad signaling. Our latest work showed that N enhances the TGFβ2-mediated EMT response lens epithelial cells. Together these results suggested that the interaction of matrix AGEs, possibly CML, with RAGE plays a role in the TGFβ2-mediated EMT of lens epithelial cells and suggest that the blockade of RAGE could be a strategy to prevent PCO and other age-related fibrosis.
{"title":"AGE-RAGE INTERACTION IN FIBROSIS OF THE EYE LENS","authors":"R. Nagaraj, M. Smuda, Andrew J. O. Smith, M. Glomb, I. Wormstone, Cibin T. Raghavan","doi":"10.18143/JISANH_V3I2_1445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18143/JISANH_V3I2_1445","url":null,"abstract":"Due to low turnover rate basement membrane (BM) proteins accumulate chemical modifications with age. Glycation is one such modification, which leads to the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). The eye lens capsule is a BM secreted by lens epithelial cells. We have found age-dependent increases in AGE levels in the human lens capsule and significantly higher levels in cataractous lens capsules. We also found that AGEs in the human lens capsule promoted the TGFβ2-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells, and the AGE content of the capsule proteins was correlated to the synthesis of TGFβ2- mediated α-smooth muscle actin, which we proposed as a mechanism for posterior capsule opacification (PCO) or secondary cataract formation. We then investigated the role of a receptor for AGEs (RAGE) in the TGFβ2- mediated EMT in a human lens epithelial cell line. The RAGE levels were unaltered in cells cultured on either native or AGE-modified BM or upon treatment with TGFβ2. RAGE overexpression significantly enhanced the TGFβ2-mediated EMT responses in cells cultured on AGE-modified BM compared with the unmodified matrix. In contrast, treatment of cells with a RAGE antibody resulted in a significant reduction in the TGFβ2-mediated EMT response. This was accompanied by a reduction in TGFβ2-mediated Smad signaling. Our latest work showed that N enhances the TGFβ2-mediated EMT response lens epithelial cells. Together these results suggested that the interaction of matrix AGEs, possibly CML, with RAGE plays a role in the TGFβ2-mediated EMT of lens epithelial cells and suggest that the blockade of RAGE could be a strategy to prevent PCO and other age-related fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":17323,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81460432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-08DOI: 10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1473
P. Pagano
{"title":"NOX INHIBITORS: FROM FIRST-IN-CLASS NOX2DS-TAT TO A PEPTIDIC NOX1 and SMALL MOLECULE NOX2I'S - CHALLENGES and PERSPECTIVES","authors":"P. Pagano","doi":"10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1473","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17323,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88213652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-08DOI: 10.18143/JISANH_V3I4_1411
F. Cimino
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve important physiological functions in host defense, and constitute an important second messenger in cell signaling transduction, but several chronic pathological conditions are associated with a status of oxidative stress, that is an unbalance between ROS formation and antioxidant availability. Many plant antioxidants, have been shown able to prevent free radical-related diseases by counteracting cell oxidative stress. However it is now considered that the in vivo beneficial effects of these phytochemicals are unlikely to be explained just by their antioxidant capability. Several plant antioxidants like anthocyanins exhibit hormetic properties, by acting as ‘low-dose stressors’ that may prepare cells to resist more severe stress. The discovery of specific genes (HO-1, NQO1, g-GCS) and pathways (redox sensitive Nrf2, NF-kB regulated signaling) affected by antioxidants, led to the hypothesis that anthocyanins may act as modulators of gene regulatory and signal transduction pathways. Since activation of endogenous cellular defense mechanisms can represent an innovative approach to therapeutic intervention in pathological conditions characterized by chronic tissue damage, a better understanding of adaptive response mechanisms induced by plant antioxidants at the cellular and molecular levels can lead to novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of many different diseases. The adaptive responses induced by anthocyanins, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in such responses, will be discussed.
{"title":"ANTHOCYANINS AND CELLULAR REDOX SIGNALING: NRF2 AND NF-KB AS TARGETS","authors":"F. Cimino","doi":"10.18143/JISANH_V3I4_1411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18143/JISANH_V3I4_1411","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve important physiological functions in host defense, and constitute an important second messenger in cell signaling transduction, but several chronic pathological conditions are associated with a status of oxidative stress, that is an unbalance between ROS formation and antioxidant availability. Many plant antioxidants, have been shown able to prevent free radical-related diseases by counteracting cell oxidative stress. However it is now considered that the in vivo beneficial effects of these phytochemicals are unlikely to be explained just by their antioxidant capability. Several plant antioxidants like anthocyanins exhibit hormetic properties, by acting as ‘low-dose stressors’ that may prepare cells to resist more severe stress. The discovery of specific genes (HO-1, NQO1, g-GCS) and pathways (redox sensitive Nrf2, NF-kB regulated signaling) affected by antioxidants, led to the hypothesis that anthocyanins may act as modulators of gene regulatory and signal transduction pathways. Since activation of endogenous cellular defense mechanisms can represent an innovative approach to therapeutic intervention in pathological conditions characterized by chronic tissue damage, a better understanding of adaptive response mechanisms induced by plant antioxidants at the cellular and molecular levels can lead to novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of many different diseases. The adaptive responses induced by anthocyanins, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in such responses, will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":17323,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88416146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-08DOI: 10.18143/JISANH_v3i3_1469
O. Nüsse
Detection of ROS faces many difficulties such as lack of specificity and sensitivity. An additional difficulties arises, when the ROS-sensor is sensitive to environmental conditions other than ROS. The most prominent case is sensitivity to pH. I will illustrate the problem taking the phagosome as an example, where ROS production occurs parallel to pH changes and other biochemical modifications. Special controls are required to validate the usefulness of a ROS detector in such a harsh environment. Fluorescent proteins are increasingly used to create biosensors. We have characterized the ROS sensitivity of several fluorescent proteins, which are potential biosensors for ROS. I will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these proteins in the context of ROS detection.
{"title":"THE COMPLEXITY OF ROS DETECTION IN HARSH ENVIRONMENTS SUCH AS THE PHAGOSOME","authors":"O. Nüsse","doi":"10.18143/JISANH_v3i3_1469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18143/JISANH_v3i3_1469","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of ROS faces many difficulties such as lack of specificity and sensitivity. An additional difficulties arises, when the ROS-sensor is sensitive to environmental conditions other than ROS. The most prominent case is sensitivity to pH. I will illustrate the problem taking the phagosome as an example, where ROS production occurs parallel to pH changes and other biochemical modifications. Special controls are required to validate the usefulness of a ROS detector in such a harsh environment. Fluorescent proteins are increasingly used to create biosensors.\u0000We have characterized the ROS sensitivity of several fluorescent proteins, which are potential biosensors for ROS. I will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these proteins in the context of ROS detection.","PeriodicalId":17323,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90095903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-08DOI: 10.18143/JISANH_V3I4_1415
F. Saura-calixto
The predominant approach to health effects of dietary antioxidants and the market of antioxidants are currently focussed on substances with small molecular size (Vitamin C, Vitamin E, polyphenols, carotenoids and others). However, the presence of appreciable amount of macromolecular antioxidants (MACAN) in plant food and diets have been recently reported. These are either non-extractable polymeric polyphenols or single polyphenols and carotenoids linked to polysaccharides and protein, which exhibit a significant biological activity and promising health effects. Results on MACAN content in the edible part and in the peels of most consumed fruits in Europe will be reported. Potential applications of MACAN as functional ingredient in food and beverages will be addressed, including some patents recently registered.
{"title":"NON-EXTRACTABLE POLYPHENOLS OR MACROMOLECULAR ANTIOXIDANTS IN PLANT FOODS: CONTENT, ISOLATION AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS","authors":"F. Saura-calixto","doi":"10.18143/JISANH_V3I4_1415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18143/JISANH_V3I4_1415","url":null,"abstract":"The predominant approach to health effects of dietary antioxidants and the market of antioxidants are currently focussed on substances with small molecular size (Vitamin C, Vitamin E, polyphenols, carotenoids and others). However, the presence of appreciable amount of macromolecular antioxidants (MACAN) in plant food and diets have been recently reported. These are either non-extractable polymeric polyphenols or single polyphenols and carotenoids linked to polysaccharides and protein, which exhibit a significant biological activity and promising health effects. Results on MACAN content in the edible part and in the peels of most consumed fruits in Europe will be reported. Potential applications of MACAN as functional ingredient in food and beverages will be addressed, including some patents recently registered.","PeriodicalId":17323,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84173794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-08DOI: 10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1455
L. Korkina
Recently, development and research of nutraceuticals based on marine collagen peptides (MCPs) have been growing due to their high homology with human collagens, safety, bioavailability through gut, and numerous bio- activities. The major concern regarding safety of MCPs intake relates to increased risk of oxidative stress connected with intense collagen synthesis, and to ROS production by MCPs-stimulated phagocytes. The case- controlled clinical-laboratory study was designed to evaluate skin anti-ageing and systemic redox effects of supplementation with the composition of marine collagen peptides and plant-derived skin-targeting antioxidants (coenzyme Q10+grape skin extract+luteolin+selenium). The data obtained clearly show the improvement of skin properties (elasticity, sebum production, biological age, and dermal ultrasound markers) due to enhanced collagen synthesis without risk of oxidative stress that is usually connected with the synthesis. Metabolic data showed significant increase of plasma hydroxyproline and ATP storage in erythrocytes. Redox parameters, GSH/coenzyme Q10 content, and GPx/GST activities were unchanged, while NO and MDA were moderately increased within, however, normal range of values. The hormesis-like action of the supplementation suggests this mechanism underlying its anti-ageing and energising effects.
{"title":"SKIN ANTI-AGEING AND SYSTEMIC REDOX EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTATION WITH MARINE COLLAGEN PEPTIDES AND PLANT-DERIVED ANTIOXIDANTS","authors":"L. Korkina","doi":"10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1455","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, development and research of nutraceuticals based on marine collagen peptides (MCPs) have been growing due to their high homology with human collagens, safety, bioavailability through gut, and numerous bio- activities. The major concern regarding safety of MCPs intake relates to increased risk of oxidative stress connected with intense collagen synthesis, and to ROS production by MCPs-stimulated phagocytes. The case- controlled clinical-laboratory study was designed to evaluate skin anti-ageing and systemic redox effects of supplementation with the composition of marine collagen peptides and plant-derived skin-targeting antioxidants (coenzyme Q10+grape skin extract+luteolin+selenium).\u0000The data obtained clearly show the improvement of skin properties (elasticity, sebum production, biological age, and dermal ultrasound markers) due to enhanced collagen synthesis without risk of oxidative stress that is usually connected with the synthesis. Metabolic data showed significant increase of plasma hydroxyproline and ATP storage in erythrocytes. Redox parameters, GSH/coenzyme Q10 content, and GPx/GST activities were unchanged, while NO and MDA were moderately increased within, however, normal range of values.\u0000The hormesis-like action of the supplementation suggests this mechanism underlying its anti-ageing and energising effects.","PeriodicalId":17323,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81869127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-08DOI: 10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1476
P. Muñoz-Cánoves
{"title":"STEM CELL REGENERATIVE DECLINE WITH AGING: ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS","authors":"P. Muñoz-Cánoves","doi":"10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1476","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17323,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75583768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-08DOI: 10.18143/JISANH_V3I2_1443
E. Boulanger
Glycation is a major mechanism of aging. AGEs (Advanced Glycation End-products) are formed and accumulate during diabetes, renal failure, inflammation and aging (endogenous AGEs). AGEs are also formed during high temperature sterilization and cooking (exogenous AGEs). The human health effects of dietary AGEs are underestimated. AGEs are irreversibly formed through the Maillard reaction, resulting from the binding of a sugar to a protein. AGEs exert their toxicity through 3 main mechanisms: in situ glycation, AGE deposits and interaction with the receptor for AGE (RAGE). In our group, we demonstrate that dietary CML (CarboxyMethylLysin), AGE with the highest affinity for RAGE, accelerates vascular and renal aging in a RAGE-dependent manner. 1/ CML-enriched diet is followed by increased arterial stiffness and wall thickness, elastin fiber disruption and decreased expression of SIRT1, a marker of aging. 2/ Dietary CML predominantly accumulates in kidney. CML-enriched diet was followed by a significant accelerated glomerulosclerosis. RAGEnull animals were protected from vascular and renal alterations induced by a CML-enriched diet.
{"title":"AGE-RAGE AXIS: IMPLICATION IN FIBROSIS AND AGING","authors":"E. Boulanger","doi":"10.18143/JISANH_V3I2_1443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18143/JISANH_V3I2_1443","url":null,"abstract":"Glycation is a major mechanism of aging. AGEs (Advanced Glycation End-products) are formed and accumulate during diabetes, renal failure, inflammation and aging (endogenous AGEs). AGEs are also formed during high temperature sterilization and cooking (exogenous AGEs).\u0000The human health effects of dietary AGEs are underestimated.\u0000AGEs are irreversibly formed through the Maillard reaction, resulting from the binding of a sugar to a protein. AGEs exert their toxicity through 3 main mechanisms: in situ glycation, AGE deposits and interaction with the receptor for AGE (RAGE).\u0000In our group, we demonstrate that dietary CML (CarboxyMethylLysin), AGE with the highest affinity for RAGE, accelerates vascular and renal aging in a RAGE-dependent manner.\u00001/ CML-enriched diet is followed by increased arterial stiffness and wall thickness, elastin fiber disruption and decreased expression of SIRT1, a marker of aging.\u00002/ Dietary CML predominantly accumulates in kidney. CML-enriched diet was followed by a significant accelerated glomerulosclerosis.\u0000RAGEnull animals were protected from vascular and renal alterations induced by a CML-enriched diet.","PeriodicalId":17323,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90799036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-08DOI: 10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1448
Oliver Cerles
Platinum-based chemotherapies, while being efficient at preventing tumor growth, display several types of toxicities many of which present as neurological impairments. Oxaliplatin indicated in cancers of the colon, stomach and ovaries induces two forms of peripheral neuropathies, namely acute and chronic. While the acute form translates as transitory cold hyperalgesia which resolves within hours to days following first infusion, the chronic form resulting from cumulative high doses translates as irreversible paresthesia and cold hypoesthesia which represent a limiting-factor for its use in therapeutics. Oxaliplatin anti-tumor efficacy has been linked to ROS-induced apoptosis of tumor cells through GSH depletion. ROS being ubiquitously toxic, neuronal cells exposed degenerate upon administration of oxaliplatin. Relying on differential basal cell-specific GSH production while modulating pro-inflammatory pathways activated by these ROS may be beneficial in addressing neurodegenerative processes in patients suffering from oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathies.
{"title":"CONTROLLING ROS IN PLATINUM-INDUCED PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY: THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS","authors":"Oliver Cerles","doi":"10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18143/JISANH_V3I3_1448","url":null,"abstract":"Platinum-based chemotherapies, while being efficient at preventing tumor growth, display several types of toxicities many of which present as neurological impairments. Oxaliplatin indicated in cancers of the colon, stomach and ovaries induces two forms of peripheral neuropathies, namely acute and chronic. While the acute form translates as transitory cold hyperalgesia which resolves within hours to days following first infusion, the chronic form resulting from cumulative high doses translates as irreversible paresthesia and cold hypoesthesia which represent a limiting-factor for its use in therapeutics. Oxaliplatin anti-tumor efficacy has been linked to ROS-induced apoptosis of tumor cells through GSH depletion. ROS being ubiquitously toxic, neuronal cells exposed degenerate upon administration of oxaliplatin. Relying on differential basal cell-specific GSH production while modulating pro-inflammatory pathways activated by these ROS may be beneficial in addressing neurodegenerative processes in patients suffering from oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathies.","PeriodicalId":17323,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75552340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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