Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.145
Inkee Kim, Nam Yeo Kang
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical findings and surgical outcomes in older children with acquired nonaccommodative esotropia (ANAET).Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on the medical records of 9 patients (aged 9-17 years) who were diagnosed with ANAET between 2014 and 2021. The age of onset, angle of deviation, presence of symptomatic diplopia, fusional state, stereo-acuity, and surgical results were analyzed.Results: The mean age at onset was 12.0 ± 2.8 years, and the mean duration of esodeviation was 11.8 ± 14.4 months. The mean follow-up period was 32.0 ± 19.5 months. Five of 9 patients presented with symptomatic diplopia accompanying esotropia, and two complained diplopia only. The mean angles of deviation were 32.0 ± 11.5 prism diopters (PD) for near and 31.8 ± 12.4 PD for distance. Six patients showed progressive esotropia, and none had neurological or intracranial disorders. Surgical correction was performed at 17.1 ± 15.0 months after the onset. At the final follow-up, all patients resolved diplopia, and 88.9% achieved successful motor alignment. Improved stereopsis was observed in all patients, with 77.8% demonstrating fusion at both near and far distant. However, only 44.4% gained normal 60 arcsec stereopsis.Conclusions: Diplopia with estropia was the main presenting symptom of ANAET in older children. Surgical treatment was effective in achieving good postoperative motor alignment and fusion, but recovery of fine steropsis was limited.
{"title":"Acquired Nonaccommodative Esotropia in Older Children","authors":"Inkee Kim, Nam Yeo Kang","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.145","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the clinical findings and surgical outcomes in older children with acquired nonaccommodative esotropia (ANAET).Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on the medical records of 9 patients (aged 9-17 years) who were diagnosed with ANAET between 2014 and 2021. The age of onset, angle of deviation, presence of symptomatic diplopia, fusional state, stereo-acuity, and surgical results were analyzed.Results: The mean age at onset was 12.0 ± 2.8 years, and the mean duration of esodeviation was 11.8 ± 14.4 months. The mean follow-up period was 32.0 ± 19.5 months. Five of 9 patients presented with symptomatic diplopia accompanying esotropia, and two complained diplopia only. The mean angles of deviation were 32.0 ± 11.5 prism diopters (PD) for near and 31.8 ± 12.4 PD for distance. Six patients showed progressive esotropia, and none had neurological or intracranial disorders. Surgical correction was performed at 17.1 ± 15.0 months after the onset. At the final follow-up, all patients resolved diplopia, and 88.9% achieved successful motor alignment. Improved stereopsis was observed in all patients, with 77.8% demonstrating fusion at both near and far distant. However, only 44.4% gained normal 60 arcsec stereopsis.Conclusions: Diplopia with estropia was the main presenting symptom of ANAET in older children. Surgical treatment was effective in achieving good postoperative motor alignment and fusion, but recovery of fine steropsis was limited.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.132
Yunseog Choi, Kyong Jin Cho, Yuli Park
Purpose: We assessed changes in ocular biometrics following Ahmed valve implantation.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis involving 76 eyes of 76 glaucoma patients who underwent Ahmed valve implantation; these patients were followed up for 6 months. Preoperative data, including age, intraocular pressure (IOP), refractive status, axial length, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), and anterior and posterior keratometry, were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively.Results: The mean IOP exhibited a significant reduction from 39.17 ± 14.06 mmHg preoperatively to 11.43 ± 3.25 mmHg (p < 0.001), 13.18 ± 4.64 mmHg (p < 0.001), and 12.95 ± 4.37 mmHg (p < 0.001) at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively, respectively. Furthermore, the axial length exhibited a significant post-surgery reduction, measuring 23.74 ± 2.01 mm preoperatively and 23.48 ± 1.86 mm (p < 0.001), 23.57 ± 1.94 mm (p < 0.001), and 23.61 ± 1.98 mm (p = 0.002) at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively, respectively. However, no significant changes were observed in various other parameters, such as anterior and posterior keratometry, refractive status, ACA, ACD, or ACV, at 6 months post-surgery (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Ahmed valve implantation resulted in a significant reduction in axial length. Furthermore, it had transient but non-significant effects on keratometry, refractive status, ACA, ACD, and ACV at 6 months after surgery.
{"title":"Alterations in Ocular Biometrics Following Ahmed Valve Implantation","authors":"Yunseog Choi, Kyong Jin Cho, Yuli Park","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.132","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We assessed changes in ocular biometrics following Ahmed valve implantation.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis involving 76 eyes of 76 glaucoma patients who underwent Ahmed valve implantation; these patients were followed up for 6 months. Preoperative data, including age, intraocular pressure (IOP), refractive status, axial length, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), and anterior and posterior keratometry, were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively.Results: The mean IOP exhibited a significant reduction from 39.17 ± 14.06 mmHg preoperatively to 11.43 ± 3.25 mmHg (p < 0.001), 13.18 ± 4.64 mmHg (p < 0.001), and 12.95 ± 4.37 mmHg (p < 0.001) at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively, respectively. Furthermore, the axial length exhibited a significant post-surgery reduction, measuring 23.74 ± 2.01 mm preoperatively and 23.48 ± 1.86 mm (p < 0.001), 23.57 ± 1.94 mm (p < 0.001), and 23.61 ± 1.98 mm (p = 0.002) at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively, respectively. However, no significant changes were observed in various other parameters, such as anterior and posterior keratometry, refractive status, ACA, ACD, or ACV, at 6 months post-surgery (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Ahmed valve implantation resulted in a significant reduction in axial length. Furthermore, it had transient but non-significant effects on keratometry, refractive status, ACA, ACD, and ACV at 6 months after surgery.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.167
Bo Kang Seo, Jaehyuk Lee, Jihae Park
Purpose: To report a case of papillophlebitis treated with an intravitreal bevacizumab injection in an adolescent patient.Case summary: A 15-year-old female with no medical history presented with a 3-day history of blurred vision and a floating sensation. The initial visual acuity (VA) was 0.0 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) in the left eye. A fundus examination revealed a blurry disc margin, peripapillary hemorrhage, and venous engorgement. Optical coherence tomography indicated subretinal fluid (SRF) accumulation. Both color vision and pupillary reactions were normal in bilateral eyes. Blood tests revealed no significant abnormalities. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed mild focal papillitis, but the patient did not report eye movement pain or discomfort. The diagnosis was papillophlebitis; however, high-dose steroid treatment was not initiated due to the absence of a significant decrease in VA. A single injection of intravitreal bevacizumab was administered to address the SRF. At the 9-month follow-up, VA remained at 0.0 logMAR, and the retina demonstrated anatomical stabilization after complete absorption of the SRF without recurrence.Conclusions: Papillophlebitis can manifest during adolescence. Treatment of a 15-year-old patient with intravitreal bevacizumab obviated the need for high-dose steroid therapy and produced favorable outcomes, including preservation of VA and anatomical stabilization of the retina.
{"title":"An Adolescent Case of Unilateral Papillophlebitis Treated with Intravitreal Bevacizumab","authors":"Bo Kang Seo, Jaehyuk Lee, Jihae Park","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.167","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report a case of papillophlebitis treated with an intravitreal bevacizumab injection in an adolescent patient.Case summary: A 15-year-old female with no medical history presented with a 3-day history of blurred vision and a floating sensation. The initial visual acuity (VA) was 0.0 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) in the left eye. A fundus examination revealed a blurry disc margin, peripapillary hemorrhage, and venous engorgement. Optical coherence tomography indicated subretinal fluid (SRF) accumulation. Both color vision and pupillary reactions were normal in bilateral eyes. Blood tests revealed no significant abnormalities. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed mild focal papillitis, but the patient did not report eye movement pain or discomfort. The diagnosis was papillophlebitis; however, high-dose steroid treatment was not initiated due to the absence of a significant decrease in VA. A single injection of intravitreal bevacizumab was administered to address the SRF. At the 9-month follow-up, VA remained at 0.0 logMAR, and the retina demonstrated anatomical stabilization after complete absorption of the SRF without recurrence.Conclusions: Papillophlebitis can manifest during adolescence. Treatment of a 15-year-old patient with intravitreal bevacizumab obviated the need for high-dose steroid therapy and produced favorable outcomes, including preservation of VA and anatomical stabilization of the retina.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.152
Ji Eon Kang, ji-Sun Paik, Suk-Woo Yang
Purpose: We present the case of a 4-month-old boy with a large orbital cyst that caused lateral displacement of the optic nerve resulting in progressive exophthalmos of the left eye since birth.Case summary: A 4-month-old boy presented with progressive exophthalmos of the left eye since birth. Physical examination revealed marked left eye proptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed microphthalmia and a 2.2 × 1.9 cm orbital cyst in the retrobulbar region. Subsequently, an anterior orbitotomy of the left eye was performed to dissect and excise the cyst. Histopathological examination revealed an orbital cyst containing neuroectodermal tissue. No complications or recurrences were observed during the 3-month post-surgery period.Conclusions: Congenital microphthalmia with orbital cysts is a rare condition that does not always require surgical intervention. However, timely surgical intervention in cases of severe exophthalmos can result in favorable functional and cosmetic outcomes. We present a case that exhibited significant improvement following surgical removal of the orbital cyst.
{"title":"Microphthalmia with a Large Orbital Cyst: A Case Report","authors":"Ji Eon Kang, ji-Sun Paik, Suk-Woo Yang","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.152","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We present the case of a 4-month-old boy with a large orbital cyst that caused lateral displacement of the optic nerve resulting in progressive exophthalmos of the left eye since birth.Case summary: A 4-month-old boy presented with progressive exophthalmos of the left eye since birth. Physical examination revealed marked left eye proptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed microphthalmia and a 2.2 × 1.9 cm orbital cyst in the retrobulbar region. Subsequently, an anterior orbitotomy of the left eye was performed to dissect and excise the cyst. Histopathological examination revealed an orbital cyst containing neuroectodermal tissue. No complications or recurrences were observed during the 3-month post-surgery period.Conclusions: Congenital microphthalmia with orbital cysts is a rare condition that does not always require surgical intervention. However, timely surgical intervention in cases of severe exophthalmos can result in favorable functional and cosmetic outcomes. We present a case that exhibited significant improvement following surgical removal of the orbital cyst.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139836388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.91
Tae Young Park, Sung Mo Kang
Purpose: To investigate the association of the preoperative fat-to-orbit ratio on the outcome of endoscopic orbital decompression in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).Methods: Between January 2021 and December 2022, 36 patients with TAO, 72 eyes in total, underwent endoscopic orbital decompression at our hospital’s ophthalmology department. We calculated fat-to-orbit ratios using two-dimensional facial computed tomography scans, and conducted both preoperative and postoperative measurements of proptosis and the prism cover test. We used binominal logistic regression analysis to examine the correlation between the ratios and postoperative complications (diplopia, strabismus, lid retraction) following the surgery. Furthermore, simple linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between the ratios and change in exophthalmos.Results: The regression indicated significant associations between the ratio and the onset of postoperative complications such as new-onset postoperative diplopia (NOPD) (β = -0.098, p = 0.029), postoperative strabismus (β = -0.123, p = 0.009), and eyelid retraction (β = -0.188, p = 0.002), particularly in cases requiring subsequent strabismus or eyelid retraction surgery after the initial procedure.Conclusions: The preoperative fat-to-orbit ratio is a significant predictor of postoperative complications such as NOPD, strabismus surgery and eyelid retraction surgery in patients undergoing endoscopic orbital decompression for thyroid eye disease. Therefore, it should be considered a valuable indicator of surgical outcomes and complications in such patients.
{"title":"Association of the Preoperative Fat-to-ratio on the Outcome of Endoscopic Orbital Decompression","authors":"Tae Young Park, Sung Mo Kang","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.91","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the association of the preoperative fat-to-orbit ratio on the outcome of endoscopic orbital decompression in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).Methods: Between January 2021 and December 2022, 36 patients with TAO, 72 eyes in total, underwent endoscopic orbital decompression at our hospital’s ophthalmology department. We calculated fat-to-orbit ratios using two-dimensional facial computed tomography scans, and conducted both preoperative and postoperative measurements of proptosis and the prism cover test. We used binominal logistic regression analysis to examine the correlation between the ratios and postoperative complications (diplopia, strabismus, lid retraction) following the surgery. Furthermore, simple linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between the ratios and change in exophthalmos.Results: The regression indicated significant associations between the ratio and the onset of postoperative complications such as new-onset postoperative diplopia (NOPD) (β = -0.098, p = 0.029), postoperative strabismus (β = -0.123, p = 0.009), and eyelid retraction (β = -0.188, p = 0.002), particularly in cases requiring subsequent strabismus or eyelid retraction surgery after the initial procedure.Conclusions: The preoperative fat-to-orbit ratio is a significant predictor of postoperative complications such as NOPD, strabismus surgery and eyelid retraction surgery in patients undergoing endoscopic orbital decompression for thyroid eye disease. Therefore, it should be considered a valuable indicator of surgical outcomes and complications in such patients.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.161
Jong Hoon Lee, T. Moon, Yong-Sok Ji
Purpose: To report two instances of retinal arterial occlusive vasculitis following intravitreal injection of brolucizumab.Case summary: Two patients noted decreased visual acuity approximately one month after receiving intravitreal brolucizumab injections to treat wet age-related macular degeneration. In case 1, an 85-year-old male reported a reduction in visual acuity in his left eye, declining from a Snellen measurement of 0.2 to hand motion. In case 2, a 70-year-old female experienced a decline in visual acuity in her right eye from 0.4 to finger count at 50 cm. Both patients presented with anterior chamber reactions, and fluorescein angiography demonstrated delayed retinal artery filling time, leading to the diagnosis of retinal occlusive vasculitis. They were treated with both topical and systemic corticosteroids. For case 1, a subsequent vitrectomy was performed to remove the inflammatory membrane located behind the intraocular lens. However, despite aggressive interventions, neither patient showed visual improvement.Conclusions: Retinal occlusive vasculitis, which can result from intraocular inflammation, may occur after intravitreal brolucizumab injection. This condition can lead to significant visual impairment even with aggressive treatment.
{"title":"Retinal Occlusive Vasculitis after Intravitreal Injection of Brolucizumab","authors":"Jong Hoon Lee, T. Moon, Yong-Sok Ji","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.161","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report two instances of retinal arterial occlusive vasculitis following intravitreal injection of brolucizumab.Case summary: Two patients noted decreased visual acuity approximately one month after receiving intravitreal brolucizumab injections to treat wet age-related macular degeneration. In case 1, an 85-year-old male reported a reduction in visual acuity in his left eye, declining from a Snellen measurement of 0.2 to hand motion. In case 2, a 70-year-old female experienced a decline in visual acuity in her right eye from 0.4 to finger count at 50 cm. Both patients presented with anterior chamber reactions, and fluorescein angiography demonstrated delayed retinal artery filling time, leading to the diagnosis of retinal occlusive vasculitis. They were treated with both topical and systemic corticosteroids. For case 1, a subsequent vitrectomy was performed to remove the inflammatory membrane located behind the intraocular lens. However, despite aggressive interventions, neither patient showed visual improvement.Conclusions: Retinal occlusive vasculitis, which can result from intraocular inflammation, may occur after intravitreal brolucizumab injection. This condition can lead to significant visual impairment even with aggressive treatment.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.139
Hyeong Seok Park, Jae Woo Kim
Purpose: To investigate the effects of latanoprostene bunod (LBN) on nitric oxide (NO) production and permeability in human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMC).Methods: HTMC were treated with 50 and 100 µM LBN and latanoprost free acid (LAT) for 30 minutes. Additionally, 100 µM LBN was co-exposed to 0.5 mM L-NAME (N-Nitroarginine methyl ester). Cellular viability and NO production were measured using MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and Griess assays. The permeability and resistance of the HTMC monolayer were evaluated by trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and carboxyfluorescein permeability.Results: Exposure to 100 µM LBN led to increased NO production, whereas co-exposure to L-NAME reduced NO production. Treatment with 100 µM LBN decreased the TEER of the HTMC monolayer. LBN exposure heightened carboxyfluorescein permeability, but co-exposure to 100 µM LBN and L-NAME reduced permeability. LAT treatment did not affect NO production or permeability.Conclusions: LBN increased the permeability of the HTMC monolayer and increased NO production. Therefore, LBN might increase trabecular outflow in addition to promoting uveoscleral outflow.
目的：研究拉坦前列腺素布诺（LBN）对人小梁网状细胞（HTMC）一氧化氮（NO）产生和通透性的影响。方法：用 50 µM 和 100 µM LBN 和游离酸（LAT）处理 HTMC 30 分钟。此外，100 µM LBN 与 0.5 mM L-NAME（N-硝基精氨酸甲酯）同时暴露。使用 MTT（3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium溴化物）和 Griess 试验测定细胞活力和 NO 的产生。通过跨内皮电阻（TEER）和羧基荧光素渗透性评估了 HTMC 单层的渗透性和电阻：结果：暴露于 100 µM LBN 会导致 NO 生成增加，而同时暴露于 L-NAME 则会减少 NO 生成。100 µM LBN 可降低 HTMC 单层的 TEER。暴露于 LBN 会增加羧基荧光素的通透性，但同时暴露于 100 µM LBN 和 L-NAME 会降低通透性。LAT 处理不会影响 NO 的产生或通透性：结论：LBN 增加了 HTMC 单层的通透性并增加了 NO 的产生。因此，除了促进葡萄膜巩膜外流外，LBN 还可能增加小梁外流。
{"title":"Effect of Latanoprostene Bunod on the Permeability of Trabecular Meshwork Cells","authors":"Hyeong Seok Park, Jae Woo Kim","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.139","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the effects of latanoprostene bunod (LBN) on nitric oxide (NO) production and permeability in human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMC).Methods: HTMC were treated with 50 and 100 µM LBN and latanoprost free acid (LAT) for 30 minutes. Additionally, 100 µM LBN was co-exposed to 0.5 mM L-NAME (N-Nitroarginine methyl ester). Cellular viability and NO production were measured using MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and Griess assays. The permeability and resistance of the HTMC monolayer were evaluated by trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and carboxyfluorescein permeability.Results: Exposure to 100 µM LBN led to increased NO production, whereas co-exposure to L-NAME reduced NO production. Treatment with 100 µM LBN decreased the TEER of the HTMC monolayer. LBN exposure heightened carboxyfluorescein permeability, but co-exposure to 100 µM LBN and L-NAME reduced permeability. LAT treatment did not affect NO production or permeability.Conclusions: LBN increased the permeability of the HTMC monolayer and increased NO production. Therefore, LBN might increase trabecular outflow in addition to promoting uveoscleral outflow.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139775008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.152
Ji Eon Kang, ji-Sun Paik, Suk-Woo Yang
Purpose: We present the case of a 4-month-old boy with a large orbital cyst that caused lateral displacement of the optic nerve resulting in progressive exophthalmos of the left eye since birth.Case summary: A 4-month-old boy presented with progressive exophthalmos of the left eye since birth. Physical examination revealed marked left eye proptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed microphthalmia and a 2.2 × 1.9 cm orbital cyst in the retrobulbar region. Subsequently, an anterior orbitotomy of the left eye was performed to dissect and excise the cyst. Histopathological examination revealed an orbital cyst containing neuroectodermal tissue. No complications or recurrences were observed during the 3-month post-surgery period.Conclusions: Congenital microphthalmia with orbital cysts is a rare condition that does not always require surgical intervention. However, timely surgical intervention in cases of severe exophthalmos can result in favorable functional and cosmetic outcomes. We present a case that exhibited significant improvement following surgical removal of the orbital cyst.
{"title":"Microphthalmia with a Large Orbital Cyst: A Case Report","authors":"Ji Eon Kang, ji-Sun Paik, Suk-Woo Yang","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2024.65.2.152","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We present the case of a 4-month-old boy with a large orbital cyst that caused lateral displacement of the optic nerve resulting in progressive exophthalmos of the left eye since birth.Case summary: A 4-month-old boy presented with progressive exophthalmos of the left eye since birth. Physical examination revealed marked left eye proptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed microphthalmia and a 2.2 × 1.9 cm orbital cyst in the retrobulbar region. Subsequently, an anterior orbitotomy of the left eye was performed to dissect and excise the cyst. Histopathological examination revealed an orbital cyst containing neuroectodermal tissue. No complications or recurrences were observed during the 3-month post-surgery period.Conclusions: Congenital microphthalmia with orbital cysts is a rare condition that does not always require surgical intervention. However, timely surgical intervention in cases of severe exophthalmos can result in favorable functional and cosmetic outcomes. We present a case that exhibited significant improvement following surgical removal of the orbital cyst.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139776609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2024.65.1.27
Mi Sun Kwon, Jin Young Kim, Yu Min Kim, J. R. Do, Yong Koo Kang, J. Shin, D. Park
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of topical bromfenac combined with intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) injection in the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration over a 2-year period.Methods: We retrospectively studied 43 patients (43 eyes) with exudative age-related macular degeneration. Patients were included if they received IVA injections under an as-needed protocol and had > 2 years of follow-up. Among the 43 eyes, 25 received only IVA (IVA group), whereas 18 received a combination of IVA and topical bromfenac (bromfenac group). The primary outcome measure was the total number of IVA injections administered over 2 years from the initial injection compared between groups. We also compared changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) between groups.Results: The bromfenac group received a significantly lower number of IVA injections over 2 years (7.4 ± 1.0), compared with the IVA group (9.0 ± 1.9) (p < 0.01). Both groups showed improvements in BCVA and CRT after 2 years compared with their baseline values. However, changes in BCVA and CRT at 2 years did not significantly differ between groups (p = 0.786 and p = 0.905, respectively).Conclusions: Among patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration, the total number of IVA injections over 2 years was lower in the bromfenac group than in the IVA group. More studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of topical bromfenac in a combined treatment regimen.
{"title":"Clinical Outcomes of Topical Bromfenac Combined with Intravitreal Aflibercept Injection for Exudative Age-related Macular Degeneration","authors":"Mi Sun Kwon, Jin Young Kim, Yu Min Kim, J. R. Do, Yong Koo Kang, J. Shin, D. Park","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2024.65.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2024.65.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of topical bromfenac combined with intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) injection in the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration over a 2-year period.Methods: We retrospectively studied 43 patients (43 eyes) with exudative age-related macular degeneration. Patients were included if they received IVA injections under an as-needed protocol and had > 2 years of follow-up. Among the 43 eyes, 25 received only IVA (IVA group), whereas 18 received a combination of IVA and topical bromfenac (bromfenac group). The primary outcome measure was the total number of IVA injections administered over 2 years from the initial injection compared between groups. We also compared changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) between groups.Results: The bromfenac group received a significantly lower number of IVA injections over 2 years (7.4 ± 1.0), compared with the IVA group (9.0 ± 1.9) (p < 0.01). Both groups showed improvements in BCVA and CRT after 2 years compared with their baseline values. However, changes in BCVA and CRT at 2 years did not significantly differ between groups (p = 0.786 and p = 0.905, respectively).Conclusions: Among patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration, the total number of IVA injections over 2 years was lower in the bromfenac group than in the IVA group. More studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of topical bromfenac in a combined treatment regimen.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139621857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2024.65.1.53
Jun Young Yu, Beom Chan Park
Purpose: To investigate the clinical aspects of transient myopia after blunt eye trauma.Methods: The medical records of 32 patients treated at our hospital for from 2020 to 2022 traumatic microhyphema were analyzed retrospectively. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber cells, anterior chamber depth, axial length, lens thickness, and refractive index were analyzed immediately after injury and after treatment. Patients with additional diseases such as vitreous and retinal hemorrhage, traumatic retinal detachment, iridodialysis, or orbital fracture were excluded. Correlations between the myopic changes and the amount of myopic refractive change caused by trauma were analyzed.Results: The 32 patients included 24 (75%) males and 8 (25%) females. The average myopic change was -3.03 ± 0.92 (range -1.00 to -5.25) diopters (D). The average change in anterior chamber depth due to trauma was -0.22 ± 0.11 mm, the change in lens diameter was 0.20 ± 0.09 mm, and the change in axial length was -0.07 ± 0.05 mm. The average change in refractive index due to ciliary spasm was -1.63 ± 0.65 D. The correlations between the change in refractive index and anterior chamber depth (r = 0.475, p = 0.008), traumatic ciliary spasm (r = 0.649, p < 0.001), and lens thickness (r = -0.184, p = 0.330) were determined.Conclusions: Factors such as ciliary spasm, change in the anterior chamber depth, anterior shift of the lens-iris diaphragm, and increased lens thickness affect the myopic changes caused by trauma. Of these, a shallower anterior chamber depth and ciliary spasm are highly correlated with the transient myopic changes.
{"title":"Clinical Aspects of Transient Myopia after Blunt Eye Trauma","authors":"Jun Young Yu, Beom Chan Park","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2024.65.1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2024.65.1.53","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the clinical aspects of transient myopia after blunt eye trauma.Methods: The medical records of 32 patients treated at our hospital for from 2020 to 2022 traumatic microhyphema were analyzed retrospectively. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber cells, anterior chamber depth, axial length, lens thickness, and refractive index were analyzed immediately after injury and after treatment. Patients with additional diseases such as vitreous and retinal hemorrhage, traumatic retinal detachment, iridodialysis, or orbital fracture were excluded. Correlations between the myopic changes and the amount of myopic refractive change caused by trauma were analyzed.Results: The 32 patients included 24 (75%) males and 8 (25%) females. The average myopic change was -3.03 ± 0.92 (range -1.00 to -5.25) diopters (D). The average change in anterior chamber depth due to trauma was -0.22 ± 0.11 mm, the change in lens diameter was 0.20 ± 0.09 mm, and the change in axial length was -0.07 ± 0.05 mm. The average change in refractive index due to ciliary spasm was -1.63 ± 0.65 D. The correlations between the change in refractive index and anterior chamber depth (r = 0.475, p = 0.008), traumatic ciliary spasm (r = 0.649, p < 0.001), and lens thickness (r = -0.184, p = 0.330) were determined.Conclusions: Factors such as ciliary spasm, change in the anterior chamber depth, anterior shift of the lens-iris diaphragm, and increased lens thickness affect the myopic changes caused by trauma. Of these, a shallower anterior chamber depth and ciliary spasm are highly correlated with the transient myopic changes.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139529881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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