Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.899
Myungho Seo, Ahnul Ha, Hye Jin Lee, Jinho Jeong, Ki Tae Nam
Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of warm saline and anti-fog solution for preventing fogging of a non-contact wide-field viewing system during vitrectomy.Methods: Five liters of water at 36°C were placed in a transparent container. The fogging areas of wide-field lenses were microscopically measured. We created three groups: lenses soaked in normal saline at 25°C for 1 minute (control), lenses soaked in normal saline at 50°C for 1 minute (warm saline), and lenses that were wiped with a sponge soaked in anti-fog solution (ULTRASTOP pro med. Solution, Sigmapharm, Vienna, Austria) after prior soaking in normal saline at 25°C for 1 minute (anti-fog). Images of fogged areas were acquired at 10 seconds and 1, 3, and 5 minutes. Extent of fogged areas and central lens invasion were determined. All experiments were repeated 10 times.Results: In the control group, the entire areas were always completely fogged. The average fog coverage values were 4.34 ± 1.28, 6.30 ± 1.38, 56.00 ± 25.01, and 93.81 ± 5.88% at 10 seconds and 1, 3, and 5 minutes in the warm saline group and 4.74 ± 0.57, 7.35 ± 0.96, 10.13 ± 1.09, and 11.74 ± 1.74% in the anti-fog group, respectively. There were significant differences at 3 and 5 minutes (p = 0.029, p = 0.012). Fogging of the central lens was detected in 8 tests after 3 minutes and all 10 tests after 5 minutes in the warm saline group, but no fogging was detected in the anti-fog group.Conclusions: Application of an anti-fog solution to a wide-field viewing lens prevents lens fogging during vitrectomy.
目的:比较温生理盐水和防雾液在玻璃体切割非接触式大视场观察系统中防止起雾的效果。方法:取5升36℃的水，置于透明容器中。显微镜下测量了广角透镜的起雾面积。我们创建了三组:镜片在25°C的生理盐水中浸泡1分钟(对照组)，镜片在50°C的生理盐水中浸泡1分钟(温盐水)，镜片在25°C的生理盐水中浸泡1分钟(防雾)后，用浸泡在防雾溶液(ULTRASTOP pro . solution, Sigmapharm, Vienna, Austria)中的海绵擦拭。分别在10秒、1分钟、3分钟和5分钟获取雾区图像。测定了模糊区和中央晶状体浸润的程度。所有实验重复10次。结果:对照组全区均为完全雾化。温生理盐水组在10秒、1、3、5分钟的平均雾覆盖率分别为4.34±1.28、6.30±1.38、56.00±25.01、93.81±5.88%，防雾组为4.74±0.57、7.35±0.96、10.13±1.09、11.74±1.74%。3分钟和5分钟有显著性差异(p = 0.029, p = 0.012)。温盐水组3分钟后8次、5分钟后10次均见中心晶状体起雾，防雾组未见中心晶状体起雾。结论:应用防雾液于大视场视晶状体可防止玻璃体切除术时晶状体起雾。
{"title":"Comparison of Methods Used to Prevent Fogging of a Non-contact Wide-field Viewing System during Vitrectomy","authors":"Myungho Seo, Ahnul Ha, Hye Jin Lee, Jinho Jeong, Ki Tae Nam","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.899","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of warm saline and anti-fog solution for preventing fogging of a non-contact wide-field viewing system during vitrectomy.Methods: Five liters of water at 36°C were placed in a transparent container. The fogging areas of wide-field lenses were microscopically measured. We created three groups: lenses soaked in normal saline at 25°C for 1 minute (control), lenses soaked in normal saline at 50°C for 1 minute (warm saline), and lenses that were wiped with a sponge soaked in anti-fog solution (ULTRASTOP pro med. Solution, Sigmapharm, Vienna, Austria) after prior soaking in normal saline at 25°C for 1 minute (anti-fog). Images of fogged areas were acquired at 10 seconds and 1, 3, and 5 minutes. Extent of fogged areas and central lens invasion were determined. All experiments were repeated 10 times.Results: In the control group, the entire areas were always completely fogged. The average fog coverage values were 4.34 ± 1.28, 6.30 ± 1.38, 56.00 ± 25.01, and 93.81 ± 5.88% at 10 seconds and 1, 3, and 5 minutes in the warm saline group and 4.74 ± 0.57, 7.35 ± 0.96, 10.13 ± 1.09, and 11.74 ± 1.74% in the anti-fog group, respectively. There were significant differences at 3 and 5 minutes (p = 0.029, p = 0.012). Fogging of the central lens was detected in 8 tests after 3 minutes and all 10 tests after 5 minutes in the warm saline group, but no fogging was detected in the anti-fog group.Conclusions: Application of an anti-fog solution to a wide-field viewing lens prevents lens fogging during vitrectomy.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.913
Young Min Park, Kang Ju Son, Eun Jee Chung, Seo Hee Kim
Purpose: We analyzed the incidence and prevalence of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the treatment patterns of AMD in response to changes in health insurance policies in South Korea.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the incidence and prevalence of neovascular AMD in patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2019. Data were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance System database. The incidence and prevalence per 10,000 person-years and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Furthermore, we recorded the usage of ranibizumab and aflibercept among newly diagnosed patients with neovascular AMD between 2010 and 2014.Results: In total, 90,012 patients were diagnosed with neovascular AMD between 2010 and 2019. The incidence of neovascular AMD increased with age, except for individuals aged ≥ 90 years. The prevalence of neovascular AMD increased significantly from 30.29 per 10,000 person-years in 2010 to 50.8 per 10,000 person-years in 2019. The rate of intravitreal ranibizumab injections decreased following the introduction of aflibercept in 2014. Patients who switched from ranibizumab to aflibercept exhibited a higher drug switch rate than those who switched from aflibercept to ranibizumab (28.83% vs. 8.40%). Among newly diagnosed patients, approximately 65% received treatment covered by the health insurance system. On average, six injections were administered per year between 2010 and 2019; the number of injections increased in accordance with the maximum limit supported by the government.Conclusions: The incidence and prevalence of neovascular AMD demonstrated an increasing trend. The treatment patterns are influenced by changes in government funding support policies. These findings provide valuable information for planning neovascular AMD treatment.
{"title":"Analyzing Treatment Patterns for Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration with Expansion of the Korean Health Insurance Policy","authors":"Young Min Park, Kang Ju Son, Eun Jee Chung, Seo Hee Kim","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.913","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We analyzed the incidence and prevalence of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the treatment patterns of AMD in response to changes in health insurance policies in South Korea.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the incidence and prevalence of neovascular AMD in patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2019. Data were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance System database. The incidence and prevalence per 10,000 person-years and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Furthermore, we recorded the usage of ranibizumab and aflibercept among newly diagnosed patients with neovascular AMD between 2010 and 2014.Results: In total, 90,012 patients were diagnosed with neovascular AMD between 2010 and 2019. The incidence of neovascular AMD increased with age, except for individuals aged ≥ 90 years. The prevalence of neovascular AMD increased significantly from 30.29 per 10,000 person-years in 2010 to 50.8 per 10,000 person-years in 2019. The rate of intravitreal ranibizumab injections decreased following the introduction of aflibercept in 2014. Patients who switched from ranibizumab to aflibercept exhibited a higher drug switch rate than those who switched from aflibercept to ranibizumab (28.83% vs. 8.40%). Among newly diagnosed patients, approximately 65% received treatment covered by the health insurance system. On average, six injections were administered per year between 2010 and 2019; the number of injections increased in accordance with the maximum limit supported by the government.Conclusions: The incidence and prevalence of neovascular AMD demonstrated an increasing trend. The treatment patterns are influenced by changes in government funding support policies. These findings provide valuable information for planning neovascular AMD treatment.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.879
Hwa Young Yu, Ga Hyun Lee
Purpose: We investigated the effect of preoperative administration of analgesics and sedatives on pain levels during silicone tube intubation conducted under local anesthesia in patients with acquired nasolacrimal duct stenosis.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records from 121 patients at the ophthalmology department of our hospital from July 2016 to May 2022. In total, 71 patients were administered acetaminophen and diazepam orally, while the remaining 50 were not. Postoperative pain (measured using the visual analogue scale [VAS] score [0 = no pain, 10 = severe pain] immediately after operation), operative duration, and improvement in epiphora symptoms were compared between the two groups.Results: The premedication group had significantly lower VAS scores than the non-premedication group (5.23 ± 2.75 vs. 6.34 ± 2.33, p = 0.02). It also had a notably shorter (p < 0.01) operation duration and higher subjective improvement rate of epiphora symptoms. However, premedication did not influence the tube retention period post-surgery (p = 0.86).Conclusions: The administration of analgesics and sedatives prior to silicone tube intubation effectively mitigates operative pain and reduces operation duration. Furthermore, it may help improve postoperative epiphora symptoms.
{"title":"Effects of Analgesics and Sedatives before Silicone-tube Intubation on Patients’ Pain with Nasolacrimal Duct Stenosis","authors":"Hwa Young Yu, Ga Hyun Lee","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.879","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We investigated the effect of preoperative administration of analgesics and sedatives on pain levels during silicone tube intubation conducted under local anesthesia in patients with acquired nasolacrimal duct stenosis.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records from 121 patients at the ophthalmology department of our hospital from July 2016 to May 2022. In total, 71 patients were administered acetaminophen and diazepam orally, while the remaining 50 were not. Postoperative pain (measured using the visual analogue scale [VAS] score [0 = no pain, 10 = severe pain] immediately after operation), operative duration, and improvement in epiphora symptoms were compared between the two groups.Results: The premedication group had significantly lower VAS scores than the non-premedication group (5.23 ± 2.75 vs. 6.34 ± 2.33, p = 0.02). It also had a notably shorter (p < 0.01) operation duration and higher subjective improvement rate of epiphora symptoms. However, premedication did not influence the tube retention period post-surgery (p = 0.86).Conclusions: The administration of analgesics and sedatives prior to silicone tube intubation effectively mitigates operative pain and reduces operation duration. Furthermore, it may help improve postoperative epiphora symptoms.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.976
Chae Eun Lee, Sangah Kim
Purpose: To report a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease after COVID-19 vaccination.Case summary: A 53-year-old female patient with no history of systemic disease or ocular surgery presented with bilateral decreased visual acuity, hyperemia, eye pain, and headache 1 month after COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech). She initially presented 1 week after symptom onset. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 0.63 in the right eye and 1.0 in the left eye, and she had bilateral grade 2 anterior chamber reactions on slit-lamp examination. Fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography revealed bilateral optic disc swelling, choroidal folds, multiple serous retinal detachments, and fluorescein leakage at posterior poles. She was diagnosed with VKH disease and treated with topical and systemic medications, which completely resolved her symptoms over 2 months.Conclusions: VKH disease can develop after COVID-19 vaccination in patients without any underlying disease. Therefore, possible side effects and treatments should be explained to patients receiving COVID-19 vaccination.
{"title":"Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease after COVID-19 Vaccination","authors":"Chae Eun Lee, Sangah Kim","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.976","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease after COVID-19 vaccination.Case summary: A 53-year-old female patient with no history of systemic disease or ocular surgery presented with bilateral decreased visual acuity, hyperemia, eye pain, and headache 1 month after COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech). She initially presented 1 week after symptom onset. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 0.63 in the right eye and 1.0 in the left eye, and she had bilateral grade 2 anterior chamber reactions on slit-lamp examination. Fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography revealed bilateral optic disc swelling, choroidal folds, multiple serous retinal detachments, and fluorescein leakage at posterior poles. She was diagnosed with VKH disease and treated with topical and systemic medications, which completely resolved her symptoms over 2 months.Conclusions: VKH disease can develop after COVID-19 vaccination in patients without any underlying disease. Therefore, possible side effects and treatments should be explained to patients receiving COVID-19 vaccination.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":"13 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.966
Jun Heo, Hui kyung Kim, Yeon Ji Jo, Jong Soo Lee
Purpose: We report a rare case of allergic contact dermatitis after the use of a non-preservative 0.5% moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution.Case summary: A 60-year-old male presented with bacterial corneal ulceration of the right eye. He was treated with 50 mg/mL of fortified cefazolin and 14 mg/mL of tobramycin that were tapered as the corneal lesion improved after 1 month, and 0.5% moxifloxacin application was started. After 2 weeks of moxifloxacin treatment, the patient developed conjunctival injection, lid swelling, redness, and itching in the right eye. An allergic reaction was suspected and moxifloxacin administration was immediately stopped. The symptoms improved after the administration of oral antihistamines, 0.5% loteprednol eye drops, and steroid combination ointment.Conclusions: Patients treated with 0.5% topical moxifloxacin should be monitored for allergic contact dermatitis, even if preservative-free eye drops are used.
{"title":"A Case of Allergic Reaction to 0.5% Moxifloxacin Eye Drops","authors":"Jun Heo, Hui kyung Kim, Yeon Ji Jo, Jong Soo Lee","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.966","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We report a rare case of allergic contact dermatitis after the use of a non-preservative 0.5% moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution.Case summary: A 60-year-old male presented with bacterial corneal ulceration of the right eye. He was treated with 50 mg/mL of fortified cefazolin and 14 mg/mL of tobramycin that were tapered as the corneal lesion improved after 1 month, and 0.5% moxifloxacin application was started. After 2 weeks of moxifloxacin treatment, the patient developed conjunctival injection, lid swelling, redness, and itching in the right eye. An allergic reaction was suspected and moxifloxacin administration was immediately stopped. The symptoms improved after the administration of oral antihistamines, 0.5% loteprednol eye drops, and steroid combination ointment.Conclusions: Patients treated with 0.5% topical moxifloxacin should be monitored for allergic contact dermatitis, even if preservative-free eye drops are used.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.971
Jun Heo, Bo Hyun Park, Han Jo Kwon, Sung Who Park, Iksoo Byon
Purpose: To report a case of macular hole closure using an internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap following implantation of a posterior chamber phakic implantable contact lens (ICL).Case summary: An 18-year-old female patient presented with visual loss of the left eye after ICL implantation. She had high myopia of -12.5 diopter (spherical equivalent) and a corrected visual acuity of 2/100. The fundus photograph and optical coherence tomography showed a full-thickness macular hole measuring 688 µm in width and 976 µm in length. The ILM around the hole was detached from the retinal surface, which was greater in size than the macular hole. The initial surgical intervention involved vitrectomy, inverted ILM flap placement, and gas tamponade. The decrease in gas volume was associated with a loss of the ILM flap. For hole closure, the remaining ILM flap in the peripheral macula was harvested and inserted in the hole during the second surgery. The silicone oil was used for tamponade. One month after ILM insertion, complete closure of the hole was observed. The visual acuity improved to 20/40 after silicone oil removal.Conclusions: A large full-thickness macular hole developed after ICL implantation in a patient with high myopia. Macular hole surgery using ILM insertion and prolonged tamponade closed the hole and effectively improved the visual acuity.
{"title":"ILM Insertion for the Treatment of Macular Hole Associated with Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation","authors":"Jun Heo, Bo Hyun Park, Han Jo Kwon, Sung Who Park, Iksoo Byon","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.971","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report a case of macular hole closure using an internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap following implantation of a posterior chamber phakic implantable contact lens (ICL).Case summary: An 18-year-old female patient presented with visual loss of the left eye after ICL implantation. She had high myopia of -12.5 diopter (spherical equivalent) and a corrected visual acuity of 2/100. The fundus photograph and optical coherence tomography showed a full-thickness macular hole measuring 688 µm in width and 976 µm in length. The ILM around the hole was detached from the retinal surface, which was greater in size than the macular hole. The initial surgical intervention involved vitrectomy, inverted ILM flap placement, and gas tamponade. The decrease in gas volume was associated with a loss of the ILM flap. For hole closure, the remaining ILM flap in the peripheral macula was harvested and inserted in the hole during the second surgery. The silicone oil was used for tamponade. One month after ILM insertion, complete closure of the hole was observed. The visual acuity improved to 20/40 after silicone oil removal.Conclusions: A large full-thickness macular hole developed after ICL implantation in a patient with high myopia. Macular hole surgery using ILM insertion and prolonged tamponade closed the hole and effectively improved the visual acuity.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.945
Jae Won Jun, Ju Han Lee, Kyu Ha Huh, Sang Yeop Lee, Hyoung Won Bae, Chan Yun Kim, Wungrak Choi
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with glaucoma or ocular hypertension (OHT) in patients taking oral corticosteroids for extended periods, and to aid in managing intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with these risk factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed involving 690 patients who visited a tertiary referral hospital and had been using oral corticosteroids for more than six months. Patients' demographics, tonometry results, drug type, dosage, duration, ophthalmic history, and the use of glaucoma eye drops were analyzed to determine the risk factors associated with glaucoma or OHT.Results: In a generalized linear model analysis comparing patients' eyes diagnosed with glaucoma or ocular hypertension to those without such diagnoses, no statistical difference was observed between the two groups in terms of drug type, age, and duration of oral corticosteroid use. However, the dosage was found to be statistically significant (odds ratio 1.09, p = 0.0294).Conclusions: No difference in the incidence of glaucoma or OHT was found based on the type of oral steroid, age, or duration of use. However, a higher incidence of glaucoma and OHT was observed among patients taking higher doses of oral steroids. Therefore, it is suggested that using lower doses of oral steroids may be more beneficial for managing IOP.
{"title":"Influence of Long-term Oral Steroid Intake on Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension","authors":"Jae Won Jun, Ju Han Lee, Kyu Ha Huh, Sang Yeop Lee, Hyoung Won Bae, Chan Yun Kim, Wungrak Choi","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.945","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with glaucoma or ocular hypertension (OHT) in patients taking oral corticosteroids for extended periods, and to aid in managing intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with these risk factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed involving 690 patients who visited a tertiary referral hospital and had been using oral corticosteroids for more than six months. Patients' demographics, tonometry results, drug type, dosage, duration, ophthalmic history, and the use of glaucoma eye drops were analyzed to determine the risk factors associated with glaucoma or OHT.Results: In a generalized linear model analysis comparing patients' eyes diagnosed with glaucoma or ocular hypertension to those without such diagnoses, no statistical difference was observed between the two groups in terms of drug type, age, and duration of oral corticosteroid use. However, the dosage was found to be statistically significant (odds ratio 1.09, p = 0.0294).Conclusions: No difference in the incidence of glaucoma or OHT was found based on the type of oral steroid, age, or duration of use. However, a higher incidence of glaucoma and OHT was observed among patients taking higher doses of oral steroids. Therefore, it is suggested that using lower doses of oral steroids may be more beneficial for managing IOP.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.904
Ju Won Choi, Kyoung Lae Kim, Sung Pyo Park, Yong-Kyu Kim
Purpose: To explore the association between the visual and anatomical outcomes and the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) post-intravitreal injection in patients with macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of 50 patients (27 eyes treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and 23 eyes treated with a dexamethasone implant) with BRVO and macular edema who underwent intravitreal injections from January 2017 to October 2020. We measured the central macular thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness, and CVI of the BRVO eyes and the fellow eyes using optical coherence tomography and then analyzed the correlation between these measurements and visual and anatomical outcomes.Results: After six months of treatment, the best corrected visual acuity improved, and CMT decreased. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that factors associated with best corrected visual acuity improvement at six months were fellow eye CVI (standardized β = 0.346, p = 0.008), ellipsoid zone integrity (standardized β = 0.398, p = 0.001), and initial best corrected visual acuity (standardized β = 0.590, p < 0.001). Initial CMT (standardized β = 0.563, p < 0.001) was the only factor associated with the decrease in CMT at six months.Conclusions: In cases of severe macular edema, accurate evaluation of choroidal vessels can be challenging due to shadowing. We discovered that a larger CVI in the fellow eye was associated with greater visual improvement in patients with BRVO and macular edema. CVI could be a prognostic factor for predicting treatment outcomes in BRVO patients, suggesting that the choroidal vascular status may play a role in the pathophysiology of BRVO.
目的:探讨黄斑水肿合并视网膜分支静脉闭塞(BRVO)患者玻璃体注射后视觉和解剖结果与脉络膜血管指数(CVI)的关系。方法:我们对2017年1月至2020年10月接受玻璃体注射的50例BRVO和黄斑水肿患者的病历进行了回顾性分析(27眼使用抗血管内皮生长因子治疗，23眼使用地塞米松植入物治疗)。我们使用光学相干断层扫描测量了BRVO眼和其他眼的中央黄斑厚度(CMT)、中央凹下脉络膜厚度和CVI，并分析了这些测量结果与视觉和解剖结果的相关性。结果:治疗6个月后，最佳矫正视力提高，CMT下降。多元线性回归分析显示，与6个月时最佳矫正视力改善相关的因素为伴眼CVI(标准化β = 0.346, p = 0.008)、椭球区完整性(标准化β = 0.398, p = 0.001)和初始最佳矫正视力(标准化β = 0.590, p <0.001)。初始CMT(标准化β = 0.563, p <0.001)是与6个月时CMT下降相关的唯一因素。结论:在严重黄斑水肿的情况下，由于阴影的影响，对脉络膜血管的准确评估是具有挑战性的。我们发现，BRVO和黄斑水肿患者的同侧眼CVI越大，视力改善越大。CVI可能是预测BRVO患者治疗结果的预后因素，提示脉络膜血管状态可能在BRVO的病理生理中起作用。
{"title":"Choroidal Vascularity Index and Treatment Outcomes in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Patients with Macular Edema","authors":"Ju Won Choi, Kyoung Lae Kim, Sung Pyo Park, Yong-Kyu Kim","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.904","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To explore the association between the visual and anatomical outcomes and the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) post-intravitreal injection in patients with macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of 50 patients (27 eyes treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and 23 eyes treated with a dexamethasone implant) with BRVO and macular edema who underwent intravitreal injections from January 2017 to October 2020. We measured the central macular thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness, and CVI of the BRVO eyes and the fellow eyes using optical coherence tomography and then analyzed the correlation between these measurements and visual and anatomical outcomes.Results: After six months of treatment, the best corrected visual acuity improved, and CMT decreased. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that factors associated with best corrected visual acuity improvement at six months were fellow eye CVI (standardized β = 0.346, p = 0.008), ellipsoid zone integrity (standardized β = 0.398, p = 0.001), and initial best corrected visual acuity (standardized β = 0.590, p < 0.001). Initial CMT (standardized β = 0.563, p < 0.001) was the only factor associated with the decrease in CMT at six months.Conclusions: In cases of severe macular edema, accurate evaluation of choroidal vessels can be challenging due to shadowing. We discovered that a larger CVI in the fellow eye was associated with greater visual improvement in patients with BRVO and macular edema. CVI could be a prognostic factor for predicting treatment outcomes in BRVO patients, suggesting that the choroidal vascular status may play a role in the pathophysiology of BRVO.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.865
Wan kyu Choi, Jung woo Park, Jisang Han
Purpose: We assessed the association between the results of tear film-based matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-9) immunoassay and the diagnosis of patients who visited an oculoplastic outpatient clinic.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the MMP-9 immunoassay results in 1,703 eyes from 1,703 patients who presented with ocular discomfort at an oculoplastic outpatient clinic. The MMP-9 immunoassay results were analyzed in correlation with the final oculoplastic diagnosis of the patients.Results: In total, 1,126 of 1,533 eyes demonstrated positive expression of MMP-9. No statistically significant differences were observed in MMP-9 expression based on sex (p = 0.107) and age (p = 0.510). Furthermore, 120 of 169 eyes with thyroid eye disease (71.0%, p < 0.001), 145 of 161 eyes with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (90.1%, p < 0.001), 282 of 375 eyes with nasolacrimal duct stenosis (75.2%, p < 0.001), 190 of 238 eyes with entropion (79.8%, p < 0.001), 19 of 23 eyes with ectropion (82.6%, p < 0.001), and 370 of 567 eyes with dry eye syndrome (65.3%, p < 0.001) exhibited positive MMP-9 expression.Conclusions: The MMP-9 immunoassay is a noninvasive, convenient, and rapid test that evaluates ocular surface inflammation. Most patients with oculoplastic diseases exhibit positive MMP-9 expression. These findings provide valuable information for guiding diagnostic and management decisions in patients with oculoplastic conditions.
{"title":"Matrix Metalloproteinases 9 Testing Using Immunoassay Kit in Oculoplastic Outpatient Clinic Patients","authors":"Wan kyu Choi, Jung woo Park, Jisang Han","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.865","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We assessed the association between the results of tear film-based matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-9) immunoassay and the diagnosis of patients who visited an oculoplastic outpatient clinic.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the MMP-9 immunoassay results in 1,703 eyes from 1,703 patients who presented with ocular discomfort at an oculoplastic outpatient clinic. The MMP-9 immunoassay results were analyzed in correlation with the final oculoplastic diagnosis of the patients.Results: In total, 1,126 of 1,533 eyes demonstrated positive expression of MMP-9. No statistically significant differences were observed in MMP-9 expression based on sex (p = 0.107) and age (p = 0.510). Furthermore, 120 of 169 eyes with thyroid eye disease (71.0%, p < 0.001), 145 of 161 eyes with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (90.1%, p < 0.001), 282 of 375 eyes with nasolacrimal duct stenosis (75.2%, p < 0.001), 190 of 238 eyes with entropion (79.8%, p < 0.001), 19 of 23 eyes with ectropion (82.6%, p < 0.001), and 370 of 567 eyes with dry eye syndrome (65.3%, p < 0.001) exhibited positive MMP-9 expression.Conclusions: The MMP-9 immunoassay is a noninvasive, convenient, and rapid test that evaluates ocular surface inflammation. Most patients with oculoplastic diseases exhibit positive MMP-9 expression. These findings provide valuable information for guiding diagnostic and management decisions in patients with oculoplastic conditions.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":"1164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136184808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.871
Hyun Jee Kim, Yong-Sok Ji, Kyung Chul Yoon, Hyeon-Jeong Yoon
Purpose: We assessed the clinical manifestations and prognostic factors associated with ocular infection in patients diagnosed with orbital and preseptal cellulitis.Methods: We enrolled 40 patients diagnosed with ocular infection accompanied by orbital and preseptal cellulitis between October 2015 and December 2021. We divided patients into the “treatment success group” (patients whose infection resolved) and the “treatment failure group” (patients whose infection worsened and required evisceration). Clinical characteristics, such as infection-related ocular findings and microbiological features, were analyzed retrospectively in both groups. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors associated with treatment failure.Results: The mean age of patients was 72.8 ± 11.92 years, with 17 (42.5%) of them being male. Among the patients, 11 had bacterial infections, and 3 had fungal infections. In total, 6 (15%) and 34 (85%) patients were classified into the treatment success and failure groups, respectively. The chi-square test revealed a significant association between the treatment failure group and several clinical factors, such as low best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the logarithm of the minimum angle resolution (logMAR) BCVA > 2, low intraocular pressure (IOP) < 5 mmHg, large size of the corneal lesion, and the presence of hypopyon (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the multivariate logistic regression analysis identified hypopyon as a significant risk factor for treatment failure (p = 0.036).Conclusions: A significantly high treatment failure rate of 85% was observed in patients with ocular infections accompanied by orbital and preseptal cellulitis. Several clinical factors, such as low BCVA with logMAR BCVA > 2, IOP < 5 mmHg, large size of the corneal lesion, and a prolonged duration of symptoms demonstrated significant association with treatment failure. Notably, hypopyon is an important prognostic factor for treatment failure.
{"title":"Clinical Manifestations and Prognostic Factors of Ocular Infection Associated with Orbital or Preseptal Cellulitis","authors":"Hyun Jee Kim, Yong-Sok Ji, Kyung Chul Yoon, Hyeon-Jeong Yoon","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.871","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We assessed the clinical manifestations and prognostic factors associated with ocular infection in patients diagnosed with orbital and preseptal cellulitis.Methods: We enrolled 40 patients diagnosed with ocular infection accompanied by orbital and preseptal cellulitis between October 2015 and December 2021. We divided patients into the “treatment success group” (patients whose infection resolved) and the “treatment failure group” (patients whose infection worsened and required evisceration). Clinical characteristics, such as infection-related ocular findings and microbiological features, were analyzed retrospectively in both groups. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors associated with treatment failure.Results: The mean age of patients was 72.8 ± 11.92 years, with 17 (42.5%) of them being male. Among the patients, 11 had bacterial infections, and 3 had fungal infections. In total, 6 (15%) and 34 (85%) patients were classified into the treatment success and failure groups, respectively. The chi-square test revealed a significant association between the treatment failure group and several clinical factors, such as low best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the logarithm of the minimum angle resolution (logMAR) BCVA > 2, low intraocular pressure (IOP) < 5 mmHg, large size of the corneal lesion, and the presence of hypopyon (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the multivariate logistic regression analysis identified hypopyon as a significant risk factor for treatment failure (p = 0.036).Conclusions: A significantly high treatment failure rate of 85% was observed in patients with ocular infections accompanied by orbital and preseptal cellulitis. Several clinical factors, such as low BCVA with logMAR BCVA > 2, IOP < 5 mmHg, large size of the corneal lesion, and a prolonged duration of symptoms demonstrated significant association with treatment failure. Notably, hypopyon is an important prognostic factor for treatment failure.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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