Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.976
Chae Eun Lee, Sangah Kim
Purpose: To report a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease after COVID-19 vaccination.Case summary: A 53-year-old female patient with no history of systemic disease or ocular surgery presented with bilateral decreased visual acuity, hyperemia, eye pain, and headache 1 month after COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech). She initially presented 1 week after symptom onset. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 0.63 in the right eye and 1.0 in the left eye, and she had bilateral grade 2 anterior chamber reactions on slit-lamp examination. Fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography revealed bilateral optic disc swelling, choroidal folds, multiple serous retinal detachments, and fluorescein leakage at posterior poles. She was diagnosed with VKH disease and treated with topical and systemic medications, which completely resolved her symptoms over 2 months.Conclusions: VKH disease can develop after COVID-19 vaccination in patients without any underlying disease. Therefore, possible side effects and treatments should be explained to patients receiving COVID-19 vaccination.
{"title":"Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease after COVID-19 Vaccination","authors":"Chae Eun Lee, Sangah Kim","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.976","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease after COVID-19 vaccination.Case summary: A 53-year-old female patient with no history of systemic disease or ocular surgery presented with bilateral decreased visual acuity, hyperemia, eye pain, and headache 1 month after COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech). She initially presented 1 week after symptom onset. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 0.63 in the right eye and 1.0 in the left eye, and she had bilateral grade 2 anterior chamber reactions on slit-lamp examination. Fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography revealed bilateral optic disc swelling, choroidal folds, multiple serous retinal detachments, and fluorescein leakage at posterior poles. She was diagnosed with VKH disease and treated with topical and systemic medications, which completely resolved her symptoms over 2 months.Conclusions: VKH disease can develop after COVID-19 vaccination in patients without any underlying disease. Therefore, possible side effects and treatments should be explained to patients receiving COVID-19 vaccination.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.899
Myungho Seo, Ahnul Ha, Hye Jin Lee, Jinho Jeong, Ki Tae Nam
Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of warm saline and anti-fog solution for preventing fogging of a non-contact wide-field viewing system during vitrectomy.Methods: Five liters of water at 36°C were placed in a transparent container. The fogging areas of wide-field lenses were microscopically measured. We created three groups: lenses soaked in normal saline at 25°C for 1 minute (control), lenses soaked in normal saline at 50°C for 1 minute (warm saline), and lenses that were wiped with a sponge soaked in anti-fog solution (ULTRASTOP pro med. Solution, Sigmapharm, Vienna, Austria) after prior soaking in normal saline at 25°C for 1 minute (anti-fog). Images of fogged areas were acquired at 10 seconds and 1, 3, and 5 minutes. Extent of fogged areas and central lens invasion were determined. All experiments were repeated 10 times.Results: In the control group, the entire areas were always completely fogged. The average fog coverage values were 4.34 ± 1.28, 6.30 ± 1.38, 56.00 ± 25.01, and 93.81 ± 5.88% at 10 seconds and 1, 3, and 5 minutes in the warm saline group and 4.74 ± 0.57, 7.35 ± 0.96, 10.13 ± 1.09, and 11.74 ± 1.74% in the anti-fog group, respectively. There were significant differences at 3 and 5 minutes (p = 0.029, p = 0.012). Fogging of the central lens was detected in 8 tests after 3 minutes and all 10 tests after 5 minutes in the warm saline group, but no fogging was detected in the anti-fog group.Conclusions: Application of an anti-fog solution to a wide-field viewing lens prevents lens fogging during vitrectomy.
目的:比较温生理盐水和防雾液在玻璃体切割非接触式大视场观察系统中防止起雾的效果。方法:取5升36℃的水，置于透明容器中。显微镜下测量了广角透镜的起雾面积。我们创建了三组:镜片在25°C的生理盐水中浸泡1分钟(对照组)，镜片在50°C的生理盐水中浸泡1分钟(温盐水)，镜片在25°C的生理盐水中浸泡1分钟(防雾)后，用浸泡在防雾溶液(ULTRASTOP pro . solution, Sigmapharm, Vienna, Austria)中的海绵擦拭。分别在10秒、1分钟、3分钟和5分钟获取雾区图像。测定了模糊区和中央晶状体浸润的程度。所有实验重复10次。结果:对照组全区均为完全雾化。温生理盐水组在10秒、1、3、5分钟的平均雾覆盖率分别为4.34±1.28、6.30±1.38、56.00±25.01、93.81±5.88%，防雾组为4.74±0.57、7.35±0.96、10.13±1.09、11.74±1.74%。3分钟和5分钟有显著性差异(p = 0.029, p = 0.012)。温盐水组3分钟后8次、5分钟后10次均见中心晶状体起雾，防雾组未见中心晶状体起雾。结论:应用防雾液于大视场视晶状体可防止玻璃体切除术时晶状体起雾。
{"title":"Comparison of Methods Used to Prevent Fogging of a Non-contact Wide-field Viewing System during Vitrectomy","authors":"Myungho Seo, Ahnul Ha, Hye Jin Lee, Jinho Jeong, Ki Tae Nam","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.899","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of warm saline and anti-fog solution for preventing fogging of a non-contact wide-field viewing system during vitrectomy.Methods: Five liters of water at 36°C were placed in a transparent container. The fogging areas of wide-field lenses were microscopically measured. We created three groups: lenses soaked in normal saline at 25°C for 1 minute (control), lenses soaked in normal saline at 50°C for 1 minute (warm saline), and lenses that were wiped with a sponge soaked in anti-fog solution (ULTRASTOP pro med. Solution, Sigmapharm, Vienna, Austria) after prior soaking in normal saline at 25°C for 1 minute (anti-fog). Images of fogged areas were acquired at 10 seconds and 1, 3, and 5 minutes. Extent of fogged areas and central lens invasion were determined. All experiments were repeated 10 times.Results: In the control group, the entire areas were always completely fogged. The average fog coverage values were 4.34 ± 1.28, 6.30 ± 1.38, 56.00 ± 25.01, and 93.81 ± 5.88% at 10 seconds and 1, 3, and 5 minutes in the warm saline group and 4.74 ± 0.57, 7.35 ± 0.96, 10.13 ± 1.09, and 11.74 ± 1.74% in the anti-fog group, respectively. There were significant differences at 3 and 5 minutes (p = 0.029, p = 0.012). Fogging of the central lens was detected in 8 tests after 3 minutes and all 10 tests after 5 minutes in the warm saline group, but no fogging was detected in the anti-fog group.Conclusions: Application of an anti-fog solution to a wide-field viewing lens prevents lens fogging during vitrectomy.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.879
Hwa Young Yu, Ga Hyun Lee
Purpose: We investigated the effect of preoperative administration of analgesics and sedatives on pain levels during silicone tube intubation conducted under local anesthesia in patients with acquired nasolacrimal duct stenosis.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records from 121 patients at the ophthalmology department of our hospital from July 2016 to May 2022. In total, 71 patients were administered acetaminophen and diazepam orally, while the remaining 50 were not. Postoperative pain (measured using the visual analogue scale [VAS] score [0 = no pain, 10 = severe pain] immediately after operation), operative duration, and improvement in epiphora symptoms were compared between the two groups.Results: The premedication group had significantly lower VAS scores than the non-premedication group (5.23 ± 2.75 vs. 6.34 ± 2.33, p = 0.02). It also had a notably shorter (p < 0.01) operation duration and higher subjective improvement rate of epiphora symptoms. However, premedication did not influence the tube retention period post-surgery (p = 0.86).Conclusions: The administration of analgesics and sedatives prior to silicone tube intubation effectively mitigates operative pain and reduces operation duration. Furthermore, it may help improve postoperative epiphora symptoms.
{"title":"Effects of Analgesics and Sedatives before Silicone-tube Intubation on Patients’ Pain with Nasolacrimal Duct Stenosis","authors":"Hwa Young Yu, Ga Hyun Lee","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.879","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We investigated the effect of preoperative administration of analgesics and sedatives on pain levels during silicone tube intubation conducted under local anesthesia in patients with acquired nasolacrimal duct stenosis.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records from 121 patients at the ophthalmology department of our hospital from July 2016 to May 2022. In total, 71 patients were administered acetaminophen and diazepam orally, while the remaining 50 were not. Postoperative pain (measured using the visual analogue scale [VAS] score [0 = no pain, 10 = severe pain] immediately after operation), operative duration, and improvement in epiphora symptoms were compared between the two groups.Results: The premedication group had significantly lower VAS scores than the non-premedication group (5.23 ± 2.75 vs. 6.34 ± 2.33, p = 0.02). It also had a notably shorter (p < 0.01) operation duration and higher subjective improvement rate of epiphora symptoms. However, premedication did not influence the tube retention period post-surgery (p = 0.86).Conclusions: The administration of analgesics and sedatives prior to silicone tube intubation effectively mitigates operative pain and reduces operation duration. Furthermore, it may help improve postoperative epiphora symptoms.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.966
Jun Heo, Hui kyung Kim, Yeon Ji Jo, Jong Soo Lee
Purpose: We report a rare case of allergic contact dermatitis after the use of a non-preservative 0.5% moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution.Case summary: A 60-year-old male presented with bacterial corneal ulceration of the right eye. He was treated with 50 mg/mL of fortified cefazolin and 14 mg/mL of tobramycin that were tapered as the corneal lesion improved after 1 month, and 0.5% moxifloxacin application was started. After 2 weeks of moxifloxacin treatment, the patient developed conjunctival injection, lid swelling, redness, and itching in the right eye. An allergic reaction was suspected and moxifloxacin administration was immediately stopped. The symptoms improved after the administration of oral antihistamines, 0.5% loteprednol eye drops, and steroid combination ointment.Conclusions: Patients treated with 0.5% topical moxifloxacin should be monitored for allergic contact dermatitis, even if preservative-free eye drops are used.
{"title":"A Case of Allergic Reaction to 0.5% Moxifloxacin Eye Drops","authors":"Jun Heo, Hui kyung Kim, Yeon Ji Jo, Jong Soo Lee","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.966","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We report a rare case of allergic contact dermatitis after the use of a non-preservative 0.5% moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution.Case summary: A 60-year-old male presented with bacterial corneal ulceration of the right eye. He was treated with 50 mg/mL of fortified cefazolin and 14 mg/mL of tobramycin that were tapered as the corneal lesion improved after 1 month, and 0.5% moxifloxacin application was started. After 2 weeks of moxifloxacin treatment, the patient developed conjunctival injection, lid swelling, redness, and itching in the right eye. An allergic reaction was suspected and moxifloxacin administration was immediately stopped. The symptoms improved after the administration of oral antihistamines, 0.5% loteprednol eye drops, and steroid combination ointment.Conclusions: Patients treated with 0.5% topical moxifloxacin should be monitored for allergic contact dermatitis, even if preservative-free eye drops are used.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.971
Jun Heo, Bo Hyun Park, Han Jo Kwon, Sung Who Park, Iksoo Byon
Purpose: To report a case of macular hole closure using an internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap following implantation of a posterior chamber phakic implantable contact lens (ICL).Case summary: An 18-year-old female patient presented with visual loss of the left eye after ICL implantation. She had high myopia of -12.5 diopter (spherical equivalent) and a corrected visual acuity of 2/100. The fundus photograph and optical coherence tomography showed a full-thickness macular hole measuring 688 µm in width and 976 µm in length. The ILM around the hole was detached from the retinal surface, which was greater in size than the macular hole. The initial surgical intervention involved vitrectomy, inverted ILM flap placement, and gas tamponade. The decrease in gas volume was associated with a loss of the ILM flap. For hole closure, the remaining ILM flap in the peripheral macula was harvested and inserted in the hole during the second surgery. The silicone oil was used for tamponade. One month after ILM insertion, complete closure of the hole was observed. The visual acuity improved to 20/40 after silicone oil removal.Conclusions: A large full-thickness macular hole developed after ICL implantation in a patient with high myopia. Macular hole surgery using ILM insertion and prolonged tamponade closed the hole and effectively improved the visual acuity.
{"title":"ILM Insertion for the Treatment of Macular Hole Associated with Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation","authors":"Jun Heo, Bo Hyun Park, Han Jo Kwon, Sung Who Park, Iksoo Byon","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.971","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report a case of macular hole closure using an internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap following implantation of a posterior chamber phakic implantable contact lens (ICL).Case summary: An 18-year-old female patient presented with visual loss of the left eye after ICL implantation. She had high myopia of -12.5 diopter (spherical equivalent) and a corrected visual acuity of 2/100. The fundus photograph and optical coherence tomography showed a full-thickness macular hole measuring 688 µm in width and 976 µm in length. The ILM around the hole was detached from the retinal surface, which was greater in size than the macular hole. The initial surgical intervention involved vitrectomy, inverted ILM flap placement, and gas tamponade. The decrease in gas volume was associated with a loss of the ILM flap. For hole closure, the remaining ILM flap in the peripheral macula was harvested and inserted in the hole during the second surgery. The silicone oil was used for tamponade. One month after ILM insertion, complete closure of the hole was observed. The visual acuity improved to 20/40 after silicone oil removal.Conclusions: A large full-thickness macular hole developed after ICL implantation in a patient with high myopia. Macular hole surgery using ILM insertion and prolonged tamponade closed the hole and effectively improved the visual acuity.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.945
Jae Won Jun, Ju Han Lee, Kyu Ha Huh, Sang Yeop Lee, Hyoung Won Bae, Chan Yun Kim, Wungrak Choi
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with glaucoma or ocular hypertension (OHT) in patients taking oral corticosteroids for extended periods, and to aid in managing intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with these risk factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed involving 690 patients who visited a tertiary referral hospital and had been using oral corticosteroids for more than six months. Patients' demographics, tonometry results, drug type, dosage, duration, ophthalmic history, and the use of glaucoma eye drops were analyzed to determine the risk factors associated with glaucoma or OHT.Results: In a generalized linear model analysis comparing patients' eyes diagnosed with glaucoma or ocular hypertension to those without such diagnoses, no statistical difference was observed between the two groups in terms of drug type, age, and duration of oral corticosteroid use. However, the dosage was found to be statistically significant (odds ratio 1.09, p = 0.0294).Conclusions: No difference in the incidence of glaucoma or OHT was found based on the type of oral steroid, age, or duration of use. However, a higher incidence of glaucoma and OHT was observed among patients taking higher doses of oral steroids. Therefore, it is suggested that using lower doses of oral steroids may be more beneficial for managing IOP.
{"title":"Influence of Long-term Oral Steroid Intake on Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension","authors":"Jae Won Jun, Ju Han Lee, Kyu Ha Huh, Sang Yeop Lee, Hyoung Won Bae, Chan Yun Kim, Wungrak Choi","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.945","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with glaucoma or ocular hypertension (OHT) in patients taking oral corticosteroids for extended periods, and to aid in managing intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with these risk factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed involving 690 patients who visited a tertiary referral hospital and had been using oral corticosteroids for more than six months. Patients' demographics, tonometry results, drug type, dosage, duration, ophthalmic history, and the use of glaucoma eye drops were analyzed to determine the risk factors associated with glaucoma or OHT.Results: In a generalized linear model analysis comparing patients' eyes diagnosed with glaucoma or ocular hypertension to those without such diagnoses, no statistical difference was observed between the two groups in terms of drug type, age, and duration of oral corticosteroid use. However, the dosage was found to be statistically significant (odds ratio 1.09, p = 0.0294).Conclusions: No difference in the incidence of glaucoma or OHT was found based on the type of oral steroid, age, or duration of use. However, a higher incidence of glaucoma and OHT was observed among patients taking higher doses of oral steroids. Therefore, it is suggested that using lower doses of oral steroids may be more beneficial for managing IOP.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.865
Wan kyu Choi, Jung woo Park, Jisang Han
Purpose: We assessed the association between the results of tear film-based matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-9) immunoassay and the diagnosis of patients who visited an oculoplastic outpatient clinic.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the MMP-9 immunoassay results in 1,703 eyes from 1,703 patients who presented with ocular discomfort at an oculoplastic outpatient clinic. The MMP-9 immunoassay results were analyzed in correlation with the final oculoplastic diagnosis of the patients.Results: In total, 1,126 of 1,533 eyes demonstrated positive expression of MMP-9. No statistically significant differences were observed in MMP-9 expression based on sex (p = 0.107) and age (p = 0.510). Furthermore, 120 of 169 eyes with thyroid eye disease (71.0%, p < 0.001), 145 of 161 eyes with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (90.1%, p < 0.001), 282 of 375 eyes with nasolacrimal duct stenosis (75.2%, p < 0.001), 190 of 238 eyes with entropion (79.8%, p < 0.001), 19 of 23 eyes with ectropion (82.6%, p < 0.001), and 370 of 567 eyes with dry eye syndrome (65.3%, p < 0.001) exhibited positive MMP-9 expression.Conclusions: The MMP-9 immunoassay is a noninvasive, convenient, and rapid test that evaluates ocular surface inflammation. Most patients with oculoplastic diseases exhibit positive MMP-9 expression. These findings provide valuable information for guiding diagnostic and management decisions in patients with oculoplastic conditions.
{"title":"Matrix Metalloproteinases 9 Testing Using Immunoassay Kit in Oculoplastic Outpatient Clinic Patients","authors":"Wan kyu Choi, Jung woo Park, Jisang Han","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.865","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We assessed the association between the results of tear film-based matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-9) immunoassay and the diagnosis of patients who visited an oculoplastic outpatient clinic.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the MMP-9 immunoassay results in 1,703 eyes from 1,703 patients who presented with ocular discomfort at an oculoplastic outpatient clinic. The MMP-9 immunoassay results were analyzed in correlation with the final oculoplastic diagnosis of the patients.Results: In total, 1,126 of 1,533 eyes demonstrated positive expression of MMP-9. No statistically significant differences were observed in MMP-9 expression based on sex (p = 0.107) and age (p = 0.510). Furthermore, 120 of 169 eyes with thyroid eye disease (71.0%, p < 0.001), 145 of 161 eyes with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (90.1%, p < 0.001), 282 of 375 eyes with nasolacrimal duct stenosis (75.2%, p < 0.001), 190 of 238 eyes with entropion (79.8%, p < 0.001), 19 of 23 eyes with ectropion (82.6%, p < 0.001), and 370 of 567 eyes with dry eye syndrome (65.3%, p < 0.001) exhibited positive MMP-9 expression.Conclusions: The MMP-9 immunoassay is a noninvasive, convenient, and rapid test that evaluates ocular surface inflammation. Most patients with oculoplastic diseases exhibit positive MMP-9 expression. These findings provide valuable information for guiding diagnostic and management decisions in patients with oculoplastic conditions.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136184808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.871
Hyun Jee Kim, Yong-Sok Ji, Kyung Chul Yoon, Hyeon-Jeong Yoon
Purpose: We assessed the clinical manifestations and prognostic factors associated with ocular infection in patients diagnosed with orbital and preseptal cellulitis.Methods: We enrolled 40 patients diagnosed with ocular infection accompanied by orbital and preseptal cellulitis between October 2015 and December 2021. We divided patients into the “treatment success group” (patients whose infection resolved) and the “treatment failure group” (patients whose infection worsened and required evisceration). Clinical characteristics, such as infection-related ocular findings and microbiological features, were analyzed retrospectively in both groups. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors associated with treatment failure.Results: The mean age of patients was 72.8 ± 11.92 years, with 17 (42.5%) of them being male. Among the patients, 11 had bacterial infections, and 3 had fungal infections. In total, 6 (15%) and 34 (85%) patients were classified into the treatment success and failure groups, respectively. The chi-square test revealed a significant association between the treatment failure group and several clinical factors, such as low best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the logarithm of the minimum angle resolution (logMAR) BCVA > 2, low intraocular pressure (IOP) < 5 mmHg, large size of the corneal lesion, and the presence of hypopyon (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the multivariate logistic regression analysis identified hypopyon as a significant risk factor for treatment failure (p = 0.036).Conclusions: A significantly high treatment failure rate of 85% was observed in patients with ocular infections accompanied by orbital and preseptal cellulitis. Several clinical factors, such as low BCVA with logMAR BCVA > 2, IOP < 5 mmHg, large size of the corneal lesion, and a prolonged duration of symptoms demonstrated significant association with treatment failure. Notably, hypopyon is an important prognostic factor for treatment failure.
{"title":"Clinical Manifestations and Prognostic Factors of Ocular Infection Associated with Orbital or Preseptal Cellulitis","authors":"Hyun Jee Kim, Yong-Sok Ji, Kyung Chul Yoon, Hyeon-Jeong Yoon","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.871","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We assessed the clinical manifestations and prognostic factors associated with ocular infection in patients diagnosed with orbital and preseptal cellulitis.Methods: We enrolled 40 patients diagnosed with ocular infection accompanied by orbital and preseptal cellulitis between October 2015 and December 2021. We divided patients into the “treatment success group” (patients whose infection resolved) and the “treatment failure group” (patients whose infection worsened and required evisceration). Clinical characteristics, such as infection-related ocular findings and microbiological features, were analyzed retrospectively in both groups. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors associated with treatment failure.Results: The mean age of patients was 72.8 ± 11.92 years, with 17 (42.5%) of them being male. Among the patients, 11 had bacterial infections, and 3 had fungal infections. In total, 6 (15%) and 34 (85%) patients were classified into the treatment success and failure groups, respectively. The chi-square test revealed a significant association between the treatment failure group and several clinical factors, such as low best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the logarithm of the minimum angle resolution (logMAR) BCVA > 2, low intraocular pressure (IOP) < 5 mmHg, large size of the corneal lesion, and the presence of hypopyon (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the multivariate logistic regression analysis identified hypopyon as a significant risk factor for treatment failure (p = 0.036).Conclusions: A significantly high treatment failure rate of 85% was observed in patients with ocular infections accompanied by orbital and preseptal cellulitis. Several clinical factors, such as low BCVA with logMAR BCVA > 2, IOP < 5 mmHg, large size of the corneal lesion, and a prolonged duration of symptoms demonstrated significant association with treatment failure. Notably, hypopyon is an important prognostic factor for treatment failure.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.957
Yong Hoon Seo, Won Jin Yang, Shin Yeop Oh
Purpose: We investigated the ophthalmic manifestations observed in patients diagnosed with ocular myasthenia gravis.Methods: In total, 58 patients diagnosed with ocular myasthenia gravis visited the ophthalmology and neurology departments between January 2011 and August 2022. Patients were followed for > 6 months; their ophthalmic manifestations were analyzed retrospectively.Results: The study included 29 males and 29 females with a mean age of 55.52 ± 15.60 years. Among the patients, 31 tested positive for anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies, resulting in a positive rate of 53.45%. Abnormalities in repeated nerve stimulation tests were observed in 33.33% of the patients. The antibody-positive group exhibited a higher frequency of progression to generalized myasthenia gravis (p = 0.011) and a higher incidence of chest abnormalities (p < 0.001) compared to the antibody-negative group. Horizontal and vertical diplopia were commonly observed in a complex group of patients with diplopia and blepharoptosis (p < 0.001); there was a difference in the pattern of strabismus between the diplopia single group with esotropia and the complex group with exotropia (p = 0.029). In addition, the combination group demonstrated a higher antibody titer (p = 0.034), a higher frequency of abnormalities in repeated nerve stimulation tests (p = 0.022), and a higher incidence of chest abnormalities (p = 0.022).Conclusions: The anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive group had a higher incidence of progression to generalized myasthenia gravis; moreover, the complex group of patients with diplopia and ptosis exhibited elevated levels of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies and frequently accompanied both horizontal and vertical strabismus.
{"title":"Ophthalmologic Manifestations of Ocular Myasthenia Gravis","authors":"Yong Hoon Seo, Won Jin Yang, Shin Yeop Oh","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.957","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We investigated the ophthalmic manifestations observed in patients diagnosed with ocular myasthenia gravis.Methods: In total, 58 patients diagnosed with ocular myasthenia gravis visited the ophthalmology and neurology departments between January 2011 and August 2022. Patients were followed for > 6 months; their ophthalmic manifestations were analyzed retrospectively.Results: The study included 29 males and 29 females with a mean age of 55.52 ± 15.60 years. Among the patients, 31 tested positive for anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies, resulting in a positive rate of 53.45%. Abnormalities in repeated nerve stimulation tests were observed in 33.33% of the patients. The antibody-positive group exhibited a higher frequency of progression to generalized myasthenia gravis (p = 0.011) and a higher incidence of chest abnormalities (p < 0.001) compared to the antibody-negative group. Horizontal and vertical diplopia were commonly observed in a complex group of patients with diplopia and blepharoptosis (p < 0.001); there was a difference in the pattern of strabismus between the diplopia single group with esotropia and the complex group with exotropia (p = 0.029). In addition, the combination group demonstrated a higher antibody titer (p = 0.034), a higher frequency of abnormalities in repeated nerve stimulation tests (p = 0.022), and a higher incidence of chest abnormalities (p = 0.022).Conclusions: The anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive group had a higher incidence of progression to generalized myasthenia gravis; moreover, the complex group of patients with diplopia and ptosis exhibited elevated levels of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies and frequently accompanied both horizontal and vertical strabismus.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.892
Sam Young Jung, Jae Hyun Park, So-Hyang Chung
Purpose: We compared the efficacy and safety of immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) and delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery (DSBCS).Methods: We analyzed the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), and mean absolute error (MAE) in the ISBSC and DSBSC groups. The study population comprised 72 patients (144 eyes) who underwent ISBCS and 92 patients (184 eyes) who underwent DSBCS at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021.Results: At 1 month postoperatively, the ISBCS group demonstrated a BCVA, SE, and MAE of 0.11 ± 0.09, -0.33 ± 0.42 diopters (D), and 0.38 ± 0.32 D, respectively; similarly, the DSBCS group exhibited a BCVA, SE, and MAE of 0.11 ± 0.15, -0.29 ± 0.56 D, and 0.41 ± 0.43 D, respectively. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between the ISBCS and the DSBCS groups regarding SE and MAE at the 1-month follow-up for the first and second operated eyes. No cases of postoperative endophthalmitis and toxic anterior segment syndrome were reported.Conclusions: ISBCS is an effective and cost-effective approach that yields favorable postoperative outcomes when performed by an experienced surgeon supported by appropriate pre- and postoperative care, particularly in patients who demonstrate good cooperation.
{"title":"Comparison of Efficacy and Safety between Immediate Sequential and Delayed Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery","authors":"Sam Young Jung, Jae Hyun Park, So-Hyang Chung","doi":"10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.10.892","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We compared the efficacy and safety of immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) and delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery (DSBCS).Methods: We analyzed the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), and mean absolute error (MAE) in the ISBSC and DSBSC groups. The study population comprised 72 patients (144 eyes) who underwent ISBCS and 92 patients (184 eyes) who underwent DSBCS at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021.Results: At 1 month postoperatively, the ISBCS group demonstrated a BCVA, SE, and MAE of 0.11 ± 0.09, -0.33 ± 0.42 diopters (D), and 0.38 ± 0.32 D, respectively; similarly, the DSBCS group exhibited a BCVA, SE, and MAE of 0.11 ± 0.15, -0.29 ± 0.56 D, and 0.41 ± 0.43 D, respectively. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between the ISBCS and the DSBCS groups regarding SE and MAE at the 1-month follow-up for the first and second operated eyes. No cases of postoperative endophthalmitis and toxic anterior segment syndrome were reported.Conclusions: ISBCS is an effective and cost-effective approach that yields favorable postoperative outcomes when performed by an experienced surgeon supported by appropriate pre- and postoperative care, particularly in patients who demonstrate good cooperation.","PeriodicalId":17341,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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