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Quality Assessment of Shipments of the Parasitoid Eretmocerus eremicus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) Received from Two Biological Control Suppliers 从两个生物防治供应商处接收的拟寄生蜂(膜翅目:蚜蜂科)的质量评价
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.2317/0022-8567-94.1.66
N. J. Herrick, R. Cloyd
ABSTRACT: Quality assessments of commercially available biological control (BC) agents is important to ensure the success of a BC program. It is important that greenhouse producers assess if BC agents received from BC suppliers are alive and functional before releasing into greenhouse production systems. We conducted a preliminary study to determine the quality of shipments from two suppliers of the whitefly parasitoid, Eretmocerus eremicus Rose & Zolnerowich (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Release cards containing parasitized pupae of the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), were individually placed into 500 mL Mason jars and a 4 x 5 cm yellow sticky card was attached to the inner lids. We found differences between the two shipments received from the two suppliers. For the first shipment, supplier B had a higher mean number of adults captured on the yellow sticky cards than supplier A (Laboratory: 10.1 versus 4.2 and Distributor: 19.1 versus 5.9 adults, respectively). However, for the second shipment, supplier A had a higher mean number of adults captured on the yellow sticky cards than supplier B (Laboratory: 14.5 versus 8.1 and Distributor: 20.9 versus 8.0 adults, respectively). Our preliminary study shows that formulations (release cards) of BC agents and emergence of adults can vary depending on individual shipments from the supplier providing the BC agents. Therefore, greenhouse producers should develop protocols for quality assessments of purchased BC agents before releasing them into greenhouses to ensure they have the best chance of successfully regulating pest populations below damaging levels.
摘要:商业生物控制剂的质量评估对于确保生物控制计划的成功至关重要。重要的是,温室生产商应评估从BC供应商处收到的BC制剂在释放到温室生产系统中之前是否有效。我们进行了一项初步研究,以确定白蝇类寄生蜂的两个供应商Eretmoseurus eremicus Rose和Zolnerowich(膜翅目:Apelinidae)的发货质量。将含有红薯粉虱寄生蛹的释放卡,即烟粉虱(半翅目:Aleyrodidae),分别放入500 mL梅森罐中,并将一张4 x 5 cm的黄色粘性卡贴在内盖上。我们发现从两个供应商那里收到的两批货物有差异。在第一批货物中,供应商B在黄色粘卡上捕获的成年人平均人数高于供应商a(实验室:10.1人对4.2人,经销商:19.1人对5.9人)。然而,在第二批货物中,供应商A在黄色粘性卡上捕获的成年人平均人数高于供应商B(实验室:14.5人对8.1人,经销商:20.9人对8.0人)。我们的初步研究表明,BC制剂的配方(放行卡)和成人的出现可能因提供BC制剂的供应商的个别发货而异。因此,温室生产商应在将购买的BC药剂投放温室之前,制定对其进行质量评估的协议,以确保他们有最好的机会成功地将害虫种群控制在破坏水平以下。
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引用次数: 0
New Distributional Records for 16 Mexican Leaf Beetle Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) 墨西哥叶甲虫16种分布新记录(鞘翅目:金龟子科)
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.2317/0022-8567-94.1.72
M. Ordóñez-Reséndiz
ABSTRACT: In this short communication, I present new geographic range extensions for 16 leaf beetle species. All specimens examined are deposited in the Mexican collection “Colección Nacional de Insectos Dr. Alfredo Barrera Marín”, National Museum of Natural History, Mexico City.
摘要:本文介绍了16种叶甲虫的地理范围扩展情况。所有检查过的标本都存放在墨西哥城国家自然历史博物馆的墨西哥收藏“Colección国家昆虫博士阿尔弗雷多巴雷拉Marín”中。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Acanthacorydalis fruhstorferi van der Weele (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) 棘翅目:棘翅目全线粒体基因组的鉴定(大翅目:棘翅目)
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.2317/0022-8567-93.4.267
Congfen Zhang, Xiaonan Liu, Chao Liu, Xuegang Luo
ABSTRACT: We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of the fishfly species Acanthacorydalis fruhstorferi van der Weele (Megaloptera: Corydalidae). The genome, which was 15,286 bp in length, included a standard set of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a putative A+T-rich region. The gene arrangement is identical to that of most common Megaloptera mitochondrial genomes. We analyzed the preferred codon usage of the protein-coding genes and predicted the secondary structures of all the RNA transcripts. In addition, a phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the sequences of the 13 protein-coding genes, and the results supported the current view of a close relationship between Megaloptera and Neuroptera. Our analyses suggest that complete mitochondrial genome sequences are a promising method to fully resolve the phylogenetic relationships within Megaloptera.
摘要/ ABSTRACT摘要:对棘翅目:棘翅科(Acanthacorydalis fruhstorferi van der Weele)蝇类进行了线粒体全基因组测序。该基因组全长15286 bp,包括13个蛋白质编码基因、22个转移RNA基因(tRNAs)、2个核糖体RNA基因(rnas)和一个假定的a + t富区。基因排列与大多数常见的大翅目线粒体基因组相同。我们分析了蛋白质编码基因的首选密码子使用,并预测了所有RNA转录本的二级结构。此外,基于13个蛋白编码基因的序列构建了系统发育树,结果支持了目前大翅目与神经翅目亲缘关系密切的观点。我们的分析表明,完整的线粒体基因组序列是一种很有希望的方法来全面解决大翅目动物的系统发育关系。
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引用次数: 15
Functional Response of Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to Different Species of Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) 七星瓢虫(鞘翅目:瓢虫科)对不同种类蚜虫(半翅目:蚜科)的功能反应
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.2317/0022-8567-93.4.313
Muhammad Farrukh Hamid, Y. Hameed, M. Sarmad, K. Abbas, Muhammad Shahzaib, M. Zakria, S. M. Zaka
ABSTRACT: Stage-specific functional response of Coccinella septempunctata L. was evaluated under laboratory conditions to varying densities (10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150 and 200) of Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach)., Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov. and Aphis nerii Fonscolombe. Logistic regression analysis of all life stages of C. septempunctata exhibited negative linear-coefficient (P1), confirming a curvilinear type II functional response against all the tested aphid species. The fourth instar of C. septempunctata, in comparison to other stages, exhibited the highest predation activity against D. noxia and A. nerii, with an attack rate (a) of 7.31 h-1, 5.79 h-1 and handling time (Th) of 0.0106 h, 0.0092 h, respectively. Under different densities of L. erysimi, adult females of C. septempunctata exhibited the highest predation activity with an a of 7.58 h-1, followed by the fourth instar with a of 7.31 h-1 and adult male 6.60 h-1 and Th of 0.0066 h, 0.0079 h and 0.0092 h, respectively. The attack rate and handling time estimated for different stages of C. septempunctata showed that the fourth instar of C. septempunctata had the highest attack rate, whereas handling time was variable. Adult females of C. septempunctata showed minimum handling time (0.00013 h) in most of the cases. Our results suggest that the fourth instar larvae and adult female of C. septempunctata are efficient predator for the biological control of L. erysimi, D. noxia and A. nerii. Further field-based studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
摘要:在实验室条件下,对不同密度(10、20、40、60、80、100、120、150和200)的红斑唇疱疹病毒(Kaltenbach)进行了阶段特异性功能反应的评估。,Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov。和Aphis nerii Fonscolombe。对C.septempunctata所有生命阶段的Logistic回归分析显示出负线性系数(P1),证实了对所有测试的蚜虫物种的曲线II型功能反应。与其他阶段相比,C.septenunctata的四龄期对D.noxia和A.nerii表现出最高的捕食活性,攻击率(A)分别为7.31 h-1、5.79 h-1,处理时间(Th)分别为0.0106 h、0.0092 h。在不同密度下,C.septenunctata的成年雌性表现出最高的捕食活性,a为7.58 h-1,其次是四龄,a为7.31 h-1,成年雄性6.60 h-1,Th分别为0.0066 h、0.0079 h和0.0092 h。对不同阶段的C.septempunctata的攻击率和处理时间进行了估算,结果表明,四龄的C.sepempunctata攻击率最高,而处理时间是可变的。在大多数情况下,septempunctata的成年雌性表现出最短的处理时间(0.00013小时)。我们的研究结果表明,C.septenunctata的四龄幼虫和成年雌性是有效的捕食者,可以生物防治L.erysimi、D.noxia和A.nerii。需要进一步的实地研究来证实这一假设。
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引用次数: 2
Biology of the Cereal Ground Beetle Zabrus tenebrioides Goeze (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Cereal Fields of Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey 土耳其安纳托利亚东南部地区麦田甜菜的生物学特性
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.2317/0022-8567-93.4.282
M. Duman
ABSTRACT: The cereal ground beetle,Zabrus tenebrioides Goeze (Coleoptera: Carabidae) is one of the most important pests of wheat in the southeastern region of Turkey. The larval stage lives in the soil and may cause severe damage to wheat crops. Damage by this pest is favored by a wheat monoculture or the use of untreated seeds. High soil moisture and moderate temperatures are favorable conditions for the development and attack of Z. tenebrioides larvae. The southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey is a hub of cereal production and Z. tenebrioides can attack the seedling stage of cereals in this region, resulting in heavy economic losses. This study was carried out during the years 2015 and 2017 to determine the biology of Z. tenebrioides in the southeastern Anatolia region. Surveys could not be carried out in 2016 as the climatic conditions were not suitable. Adults of this pest were monitored and data on the biology, aestivation and hibernation periods of Z. tenebrioides were recorded. Results indicated that aestivation (the last week of October) and hibernation (at the end of November and most of December) times, and the duration of egg, larval, pupal and adult stages are closely associated with soil temperature and moisture, followed by temperature and humidity of food and air. It was further observed that pest populations increased when the temperature was low and humidity was high, especially in the years receiving high precipitation during early spring and late autumn.
摘要:玉米地甲虫是土耳其东南部地区小麦最重要的害虫之一。幼虫期生活在土壤中,可能对小麦作物造成严重损害。小麦单作或使用未经处理的种子有利于这种害虫的危害。土壤湿度高,温度适中,是黄粉虫幼虫发育和攻击的有利条件。土耳其东南部的安纳托利亚地区是谷物生产中心,柔嫩艾美耳球虫会侵袭该地区的谷物幼苗期,造成严重的经济损失。这项研究是在2015年和2017年进行的,目的是确定安纳托利亚东南部地区的宽脊灰蝶的生物学特性。由于气候条件不合适,2016年无法进行调查。对该害虫的成虫进行了监测,并记录了tenebrioides的生物学、夏眠期和冬眠期的数据。结果表明,夏眠期(10月最后一周)和冬眠期(11月底和12月大部分时间)以及卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫期的持续时间与土壤温度和湿度密切相关,其次是食物和空气的温度和湿度。进一步观察到,当温度低、湿度高时,害虫种群会增加,尤其是在早春和晚秋降水量大的年份。
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引用次数: 0
Megachile sculpturalis, a Novel Host for the Cuckoo Bee Stelis costalis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) 杜鹃蜂的新寄主——巨型蜂(Megachile sculpturalis)(膜翅目:巨型蜂科)
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.2317/0022-8567-93.4.349
J. Neff
ABSTRACT: Stelis costalis Cresson is an anthidiine cuckoo bee known from Texas and Mexico. Currently, it is placed in the subgenus Dolichostelis, a small group of seven species (Parker and Bohart, 1979; Gonzalez et al., 2012). To date, its members have only been reported laying their eggs in the nests of various resin-using species of Megachile (Chelostomoides) (Table 1). Here, I report on the successful parasitism of a nest of the introduced resin-using bee, Megachile (Callomegachile) sculpturalis Smith by S. costalis.
摘要:杜鹃蜜蜂是一种产于美国德克萨斯州和墨西哥的蜜蜂。目前,它被归为Dolichostelis亚属,一个由7种组成的小团体(Parker and Bohart, 1979;Gonzalez et al., 2012)。迄今为止,其成员只报道过在各种使用树脂的巨型蜜蜂(Chelostomoides)的巢穴中产卵(表1)。在这里,我报告了s.c ostalis引入的使用树脂的蜜蜂Megachile (Callomegachile) sculpturalis Smith的巢穴中成功寄生的情况。
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引用次数: 1
Seed Production and Floral Visitors to Pityopsis ruthii (Asteraceae: Asterales), an Endangered Aster Native to the Southern Appalachians 原产于阿巴拉契亚山脉南部的濒危Aster——鲁氏竹竹(Asteraceae:Asterales)的种子生产和花卉访客
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.2317/0022-8567-93.4.327
P. A. Moore, W. Klingeman, P. Wadl, R. Trigiano, J. Skinner
ABSTRACT: Pityopsis ruthii (Small) Small (Asteraceae: Asterales) is a federally endangered aster that only grows along short stretches of the Hiwassee and Ocoee Rivers in southeastern Tennessee, U.S.A. The species is self-incompatible and genetic drift and inbreeding depression have been reported. Multiple investigators have observed highly variable sexual reproductive capacity of P. ruthii. To better understand which insect species may be contributing roles as potential pollinators, floral visitation to P. ruthii was assessed at in situ and ex situ locations. Forty-seven insect species in 15 families and 3 orders were recovered across 2 years during more than 70 hours of observation and specimen collection. Megachile brevis Say (Megachilidae: Hymenoptera) carried the most pollen, yet just three specimens were collected, all from the ex situ location. In both years, Halictidae were common at the ex situ location and were infrequently collected at the in situ location. Apis mellifera L. (Apidae: Hymenoptera) and Bombus impatiens Cresson (Apidae: Hymenoptera) were commonly observed at in situ locations in both years, and in 2013 at the ex situ location. Toxomerus geminatus (Say) (Syrphidae: Diptera) was the most abundant floral visitor in both years but carried very little pollen. Floral visiting lepidopteran species carried no pollen. Greater numbers of P. ruthii inflorescences did not reliably influence Apoidea or Syrphidae floral visitor abundance in either the in situ or ex situ locations. Assessments of filled seeds revealed low germination rates. Hybridization between geographically disparate parent plants propagated from the distal ranges of Hiwassee River distribution yielded an average of 33 percent germination, validating evidence of inbreeding depression. Knowledge of P. ruthii floral visitors at in situ and ex situ locations can be employed to assist breeding efforts intended to increase genetic diversity through ongoing efforts in plant re-introduction and habitat management.
摘要:Pityopsis ruthii(Small)Small(Asteraceae:Asterales)是一种联邦濒危紫苑,仅生长在美国田纳西州东南部Hiwassee河和Ocoee河的一小段河段。多名研究人员观察到鲁氏疟原虫的性生殖能力变化很大。为了更好地了解哪些昆虫物种可能作为潜在的传粉昆虫发挥作用,在原位和异地评估了对P.ruthii的访花情况。经过70多个小时的观察和标本采集,在2年的时间里,共发现了3目15科47种昆虫。Megachile brevis Say(Megachilidae:膜翅目)携带的花粉最多,但只采集了三个标本,全部来自迁地。在这两年中,Halectidae在迁地很常见,很少在原位采集。蜜蜂(Apis mellifera L.)(Apidae:膜翅目)和凤仙花(Bombus impatiens Cresson)(Apdae:膜翅目)在这两年的原位和2013年的迁地都很常见。双子毒蛾(Toxomerus geminatus,Say)(夜蛾科:直翅目)是这两年中数量最多的访花昆虫,但携带的花粉很少。访花鳞翅目物种不携带花粉。无论是在原位还是非原位,更多数量的P.ruthii花序都不会可靠地影响Apoide或Syrphidae花访客的丰度。对填充种子的评估显示发芽率低。从Hiwassee河分布的远端繁殖的地理上不同的亲本植物之间的杂交平均产生33%的发芽率,证实了近亲繁殖抑制的证据。可以利用在原地和迁地的P.ruthii花卉访客的知识来协助育种工作,通过植物重新引入和栖息地管理的持续努力来增加遗传多样性。
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引用次数: 3
First Records of Perdita bequaerti (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) from New England 新英格兰蜂属第一记录(膜翅目:蜂科)
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.2317/0022-8567-93.4.354
Justin C Roch, Deicy Carolina Muñoz Agudelo, L. S. Adler, Joan Milam
ABSTRACT: We document the first New England records of the bee Perdita bequaerti Viereck. Perdita bequaerti is a specialist on Asteraceae flowers, especially Helianthus, and is native to much of eastern North America, where it is often associated with predominantly sandy habitats. Previous records indicated P. bequaerti reached the northeastern extent of its range in the state of New York, but in August 2019, during a survey of bees on Helianthus, we collected five specimens of P. bequaerti at two sites in western Massachusetts. Both sites were located on small-scale farms with abundant non-native Helianthus, on soils characteristic of sandy outwash plains and silty floodplains. These records constitute an extension of P. bequaerti's known range into New England.
摘要:我们首次在新英格兰发现了蜜蜂Perdita bequaerti Viereck。佩迪塔·贝夸尔蒂是菊科花卉的专家,尤其是向日葵,原产于北美东部的大部分地区,在那里它通常与主要的沙质栖息地联系在一起。之前的记录表明,贝夸蒂蜂到达了纽约州的东北部范围,但在2019年8月,在对太阳花上的蜜蜂进行调查期间,我们在马萨诸塞州西部的两个地点收集了5个贝夸蒂蜂的标本。这两个地点都位于具有丰富的非本地向日葵的小规模农场上,土壤特征为沙质外溢平原和粉质洪泛平原。这些记录构成了P. bequaerti在新英格兰已知范围的延伸。
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引用次数: 2
2021-2022 Membership Application 2021-2022年会员申请
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.2317/0022-8567-93.4.361
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引用次数: 0
The Taxonomy of Adult Females in the Genus Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae) with a Re-description of the Females of Three North American Species Xenos属成年雌性的分类(Strepsiptera:Xenidae)——兼论北美三种雌性
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.2317/0022-8567-93.4.298
Clea Garza, J. Cook
ABSTRACT: The taxonomy of neotenic female strepsipterans has previously relied upon characteristics of color, measurements of the cephalothorax, and identification of the host for species identification, but these characters have proven mostly uninformative in defining species. Taxonomically important characters of females of the genus Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae) are presented, which should provide for species level identification using females in the genus Xenos, and these methods should be generally applicable to other strepsipterans. Xenos kifunei, X. nigrescens, and X. peckii are re-described using these characters.
摘要:早期雌性Strepsipteran的分类学以前依赖于颜色特征、头胸测量和宿主识别来进行物种识别,但这些特征在定义物种时大多没有信息。介绍了Xenos属(Strepsiptera:Xenidae)雌性的重要分类学特征,这些特征应为利用Xenos属雌性进行物种级鉴定提供依据,这些方法应普遍适用于其他Strepsipteran。利用这些特征重新描述了基富内Xenos、黑质X.和啄木X。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society
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