Pub Date : 2017-03-31DOI: 10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.1.19
이진영, 유단희, 주다혜, 김소라, 조희선, 주성현, 채정우
This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activities and cell viability of Amelanchier asiatica (A. asiatica) 70% ethanol extracts against RAW 264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell toxicity test on macrophage cells (RAW 264.7) was performed by 3-[4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay and results showed 96% cell viability at 1,000 μg/mL concentration. Anti-inflammatory activity was examined via the inhibitory tests on the production of LPS induced NO in RAW 264.7 cells by Griess assay. The result showed that the extract inhibited NO production in concentration dependent manner. The iNOS and COX-2 protein expression inhibitory effects were confirmed by western blot and by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). From the former they were decreased by 84.3%, 56.2% at 500 μg/mL concentration, respectively, and from the latter decreased by 89.8%, 84.9% at 500 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, this study showed the anti-inflammatory effects of A. asiatica extracts. Thus, this could be applied to an anti-inflammatory agent.
{"title":"채진목 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 효과 검증","authors":"이진영, 유단희, 주다혜, 김소라, 조희선, 주성현, 채정우","doi":"10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activities and cell viability of Amelanchier asiatica (A. asiatica) 70% ethanol extracts against RAW 264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell toxicity test on macrophage cells (RAW 264.7) was performed by 3-[4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay and results showed 96% cell viability at 1,000 μg/mL concentration. Anti-inflammatory activity was examined via the inhibitory tests on the production of LPS induced NO in RAW 264.7 cells by Griess assay. The result showed that the extract inhibited NO production in concentration dependent manner. The iNOS and COX-2 protein expression inhibitory effects were confirmed by western blot and by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). From the former they were decreased by 84.3%, 56.2% at 500 μg/mL concentration, respectively, and from the latter decreased by 89.8%, 84.9% at 500 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, this study showed the anti-inflammatory effects of A. asiatica extracts. Thus, this could be applied to an anti-inflammatory agent.","PeriodicalId":17401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea","volume":"72 1","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84931301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.4.273
W. Cho, Kyung Ah Kim, S. Jang, B. Cho
본 실험에서는 화장품에 널리 사용되는 지방산과 지방알코올을 Tween 80과 Span 80을 함께 사용하여 조성 상전이 유화법으로 O/W (oil-in-water) 저점도 나노에멀젼을 제조하였다. 지방알코올의 오일상에서의 농도가 증가할수록 나노에멀젼의 입자 크기가 증가하였다. 혼합계면활성제의 HLB를 조절하여 입도 분포가 좁고 안...
{"title":"Stability of Nano-emulsions Containing Fatty Acid and Fatty Alcohol","authors":"W. Cho, Kyung Ah Kim, S. Jang, B. Cho","doi":"10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.4.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.4.273","url":null,"abstract":"본 실험에서는 화장품에 널리 사용되는 지방산과 지방알코올을 Tween 80과 Span 80을 함께 사용하여 조성 상전이 유화법으로 O/W (oil-in-water) 저점도 나노에멀젼을 제조하였다. 지방알코올의 오일상에서의 농도가 증가할수록 나노에멀젼의 입자 크기가 증가하였다. 혼합계면활성제의 HLB를 조절하여 입도 분포가 좁고 안...","PeriodicalId":17401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea","volume":"47 1","pages":"273-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86622247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.2.125
Jong-Moon Yoon, Dong In Kim, Ji-Hae Lee, S. Han, Ha-Eun Kim, H. Kim, Kyu-Woo Nam, Jiyong Park, Gyeong-Yup Chi, B. An
{"title":"Study on Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Eggplant-cheongyeolsodokum","authors":"Jong-Moon Yoon, Dong In Kim, Ji-Hae Lee, S. Han, Ha-Eun Kim, H. Kim, Kyu-Woo Nam, Jiyong Park, Gyeong-Yup Chi, B. An","doi":"10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.2.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.2.125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea","volume":"64 1","pages":"125-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77549114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.3.265
Young Eun Kim, Min-A Yeo, H. Hi, Jung Min Lee, Jung Suk Kyun, Hyeongju Jeong, Seon Hwa Kim, Ji Ean Lee
{"title":"Aureobasidium pullulans Ferment of Black Tea for Anti-oxidation, Whitening and Anti-wrinkle Effects","authors":"Young Eun Kim, Min-A Yeo, H. Hi, Jung Min Lee, Jung Suk Kyun, Hyeongju Jeong, Seon Hwa Kim, Ji Ean Lee","doi":"10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.3.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2017.43.3.265","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea","volume":"32 1","pages":"265-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87155319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.367
Y. Hong, E. Jung, H. Suh, S. Han
In this study, the skin-improving effect was investigated through the oral intake of DuOligo (51.67% lactulose and 15.8% galactooligosaccharides). Thirty seven healthy women (40 ∼ 60 in ages) were divided into placebo group (dextrin) and treatment group (DuOligo group), and each group was given a sample for oral intake for 8 weeks. After that, corneometer value, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin index, erythema index, and wrinkle index were measured. As a result, moisture content of DuOligo group increased 38.22% than control group after 8 weeks significantly (p < 0.01). The TEWL of control group decreased by 3.39 g/h/m after 8 weeks but the TEWL of DuOligo group decreased by 5.32 g/h/m after 8 weeks. The melanin index of the control group was significantly increased with times, but the melanin index of the DuOligo group did not show any significant difference with times. The total wrinkles, length of total wrinkles, number of wrinkles, and depth of wrinkles significantly decreased (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. These results suggested that the applicability of DuOligo as a skin improving functional material was confirmed.
{"title":"Skin Health Effect of DuOligo Intake Containing Lactulose","authors":"Y. Hong, E. Jung, H. Suh, S. Han","doi":"10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.367","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the skin-improving effect was investigated through the oral intake of DuOligo (51.67% lactulose and 15.8% galactooligosaccharides). Thirty seven healthy women (40 ∼ 60 in ages) were divided into placebo group (dextrin) and treatment group (DuOligo group), and each group was given a sample for oral intake for 8 weeks. After that, corneometer value, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin index, erythema index, and wrinkle index were measured. As a result, moisture content of DuOligo group increased 38.22% than control group after 8 weeks significantly (p < 0.01). The TEWL of control group decreased by 3.39 g/h/m after 8 weeks but the TEWL of DuOligo group decreased by 5.32 g/h/m after 8 weeks. The melanin index of the control group was significantly increased with times, but the melanin index of the DuOligo group did not show any significant difference with times. The total wrinkles, length of total wrinkles, number of wrinkles, and depth of wrinkles significantly decreased (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. These results suggested that the applicability of DuOligo as a skin improving functional material was confirmed.","PeriodicalId":17401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea","volume":"26 1","pages":"367-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83397783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.337
J. Lee, J. Y. Kim, Sun Hwa Lee, Bo-ra Kim, Nam Soo Kim, T. K. Moon
: Melasma has several well-recognized etiologic factors, but most researches focus on melanogenesis. The purpose of this study is to show improvement of melasma by reducing vascularity distinguished from melanogenesis. We examined 20 Korean women with both melasma and solar lentigo that were visually assessed by a dermatologist. The volunteers applied functional cosmetics for 8 weeks. We analyzed the results obtained using the chromameter, evaluating the skin color of three areas (melasma lesions, solar lentigo lesions, and non-lesional skin) on the face of volunteer. There was a statistically significant improvement in the brightness and redness of melasma lesions compared to those of non-lesional skin after 8 weeks. Also, we observed that the improvements in the brightness of melasma lesions and solar lentigo lesions were similar. However, the redness of melasma lesions improved more than that of solar lentigo lesions with statistical significance after 8 weeks. In this study, we have shown that brightness and redness in melasma lesions can be improved by functional cosmetics. Thus, we suggest redness to be an additional suitable parameter for the evaluation of melasma lesions.
{"title":"Use of Redness Assessment in Melasma Lesions in Skin Whitening Evaluation","authors":"J. Lee, J. Y. Kim, Sun Hwa Lee, Bo-ra Kim, Nam Soo Kim, T. K. Moon","doi":"10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.337","url":null,"abstract":": Melasma has several well-recognized etiologic factors, but most researches focus on melanogenesis. The purpose of this study is to show improvement of melasma by reducing vascularity distinguished from melanogenesis. We examined 20 Korean women with both melasma and solar lentigo that were visually assessed by a dermatologist. The volunteers applied functional cosmetics for 8 weeks. We analyzed the results obtained using the chromameter, evaluating the skin color of three areas (melasma lesions, solar lentigo lesions, and non-lesional skin) on the face of volunteer. There was a statistically significant improvement in the brightness and redness of melasma lesions compared to those of non-lesional skin after 8 weeks. Also, we observed that the improvements in the brightness of melasma lesions and solar lentigo lesions were similar. However, the redness of melasma lesions improved more than that of solar lentigo lesions with statistical significance after 8 weeks. In this study, we have shown that brightness and redness in melasma lesions can be improved by functional cosmetics. Thus, we suggest redness to be an additional suitable parameter for the evaluation of melasma lesions.","PeriodicalId":17401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea","volume":"3 1","pages":"337-342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78654965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.433
S. Han, H. Lee, Hee-jin Kim, Y. Cho, Seung‐Jun Lee, Choon-Koo Zhoh, J. Jeong
In this study, a poly (amino acid)s derivative grafted with retinoic acids, which could form self-assemblies in an aqueous solution, was successfully synthesized. The synthesized amphiphilic poly (amino acid)s were controlled with 5, 10, 30 mol% substitution of retinoic acid. Then, the amphiphilic poly (amino acid)s were self-assembled by inter/intra molecular stacking of retinoic acids in an aqueous solution. Also, the increasing the degree of substitution (DS) of retinoic acids decreased the size of self-assembled nanoparticles and induced structural transition to bilayer structure from spherical structure. The retinol was stably encapsulated into a core of self-assembled nanoparticle with 10 mol% of DS. This strategy to prepare the self-assemblies of amphiphilic polyaspartamide will serve to improve the efficiency of targeted delivery for a functional cosmetic with various biological modalities.
{"title":"Self-assembly of Retinoic Acid-conjugated Poly(Amino Acid)'s Derivative","authors":"S. Han, H. Lee, Hee-jin Kim, Y. Cho, Seung‐Jun Lee, Choon-Koo Zhoh, J. Jeong","doi":"10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.433","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a poly (amino acid)s derivative grafted with retinoic acids, which could form self-assemblies in an aqueous solution, was successfully synthesized. The synthesized amphiphilic poly (amino acid)s were controlled with 5, 10, 30 mol% substitution of retinoic acid. Then, the amphiphilic poly (amino acid)s were self-assembled by inter/intra molecular stacking of retinoic acids in an aqueous solution. Also, the increasing the degree of substitution (DS) of retinoic acids decreased the size of self-assembled nanoparticles and induced structural transition to bilayer structure from spherical structure. The retinol was stably encapsulated into a core of self-assembled nanoparticle with 10 mol% of DS. This strategy to prepare the self-assemblies of amphiphilic polyaspartamide will serve to improve the efficiency of targeted delivery for a functional cosmetic with various biological modalities.","PeriodicalId":17401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea","volume":"96 1","pages":"433-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75913537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.321
S. H. Park, Jung Eun Kim, Hyun Sook Yeum, N. Lee
{"title":"Isolation and Evaluation of Anti-oxidative Constituents from the Extracts of Ficus erecta var. sieboldii King Leaves","authors":"S. H. Park, Jung Eun Kim, Hyun Sook Yeum, N. Lee","doi":"10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.321","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea","volume":"25 1","pages":"321-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72650146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.403
Sunkyung Choi, NamJoon Cho, U. Cho, J. Shim, Kee K. Kim, H. Hwang
The tight junction, one of Intercellular junctions, performs a variety of biological functions by bonding adjacent cells, including the barrier function to control the movement of the electrolyte and water. Recent studies have revealed that unusual expression of tight junction-related genes have been shown to be related in cancer development and progression. Recently, there are many reports that control of tight junction proteins expression is closely related to the skin moisture. In this study, we are focusing on the regulating mechanism of tight junction-associated genes by the steviol and its derivatives. Steviol, used as a sweetner, is known to chemical compound isolated from stevia plant. The MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt) assay was carried out in HaCaT cells (human keratinocyte cell line) in order to determine the cytotoxicity. As a result, while steviol showing cytotoxicity from 250 μM, steviol derivatives are not cytotoxic more than 250 μM concentration. We have observed a change in the tight junction protein via quantitative real-time PCR. Claudin 8 among tight junction proteins is only significantly reduced up to 30% in the presence of steviol. In addition, cell migration was inhibited by steviol, not by stevioside and rebaudioside. Finally, we could observe that steviol, not stevioside and rebaudioside, is able to increase the skin barrier permeability through the transepithelial electric resistance (TEER) measurements. These results suggest that the steviol and its derivatives are specifically acts on the tight junction related gene expression, but steviol derivatives are more suitable as a cosmetic material.
{"title":"Inhibitory Effect of Steviol and Its Derivatives on Cell Migration via Regulation of Tight Junction-related Protein Claudin 8","authors":"Sunkyung Choi, NamJoon Cho, U. Cho, J. Shim, Kee K. Kim, H. Hwang","doi":"10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.403","url":null,"abstract":"The tight junction, one of Intercellular junctions, performs a variety of biological functions by bonding adjacent cells, including the barrier function to control the movement of the electrolyte and water. Recent studies have revealed that unusual expression of tight junction-related genes have been shown to be related in cancer development and progression. Recently, there are many reports that control of tight junction proteins expression is closely related to the skin moisture. In this study, we are focusing on the regulating mechanism of tight junction-associated genes by the steviol and its derivatives. Steviol, used as a sweetner, is known to chemical compound isolated from stevia plant. The MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt) assay was carried out in HaCaT cells (human keratinocyte cell line) in order to determine the cytotoxicity. As a result, while steviol showing cytotoxicity from 250 μM, steviol derivatives are not cytotoxic more than 250 μM concentration. We have observed a change in the tight junction protein via quantitative real-time PCR. Claudin 8 among tight junction proteins is only significantly reduced up to 30% in the presence of steviol. In addition, cell migration was inhibited by steviol, not by stevioside and rebaudioside. Finally, we could observe that steviol, not stevioside and rebaudioside, is able to increase the skin barrier permeability through the transepithelial electric resistance (TEER) measurements. These results suggest that the steviol and its derivatives are specifically acts on the tight junction related gene expression, but steviol derivatives are more suitable as a cosmetic material.","PeriodicalId":17401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea","volume":"36 1","pages":"403-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74721063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.387
조완구, 김은희, 장선일, 조병옥
In this work, we compared the emulsion states having the same composition of liquid paraffin/ Span 80-Tween 80/ pure water and the different mixing paths and temperatures. Routes reaching the final composition in three component phase diagram were composed of three different ways. The average particle size of the emulsion prepared from the different mixing routes showed a significant difference and decreased as the mixing temperature was increased. However, the mixing route affected more in the size of the emulsions than mixing temperature.
{"title":"나노에멀젼 형성에서의 혼합 경로와 온도의 영향","authors":"조완구, 김은희, 장선일, 조병옥","doi":"10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2016.42.4.387","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we compared the emulsion states having the same composition of liquid paraffin/ Span 80-Tween 80/ pure water and the different mixing paths and temperatures. Routes reaching the final composition in three component phase diagram were composed of three different ways. The average particle size of the emulsion prepared from the different mixing routes showed a significant difference and decreased as the mixing temperature was increased. However, the mixing route affected more in the size of the emulsions than mixing temperature.","PeriodicalId":17401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea","volume":"43 1","pages":"387-392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80046160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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