Journal of Veterinary Dentistry最新文献

Pufferfish, known for their unique dental structures and body features, can face complications such as overgrown teeth, leading to difficulties in feeding and potential health issues. This study aims to report the diagnosis, treatment plan, and outcomes of a dental intervention addressing a case of overgrown teeth in a black-spotted pufferfish (Arothron nigropunctatus) housed in an aquarium in the southeastern region of Brazil. The article discusses the challenges encountered during the treatment process and provides insights into the importance of proactive dental care in aquatic species. The successful resolution of the case highlights the significance of tailored dental interventions in ensuring the well-being of aquatic species, like the pufferfish. Furthermore, this study documents the first dental treatment performed on a pufferfish specimen in Brazil.

Periodontal disease is the most common health problem in domestic cats. The goal of periodontal disease treatment is to decrease bacterial accumulation and control inflammation, thereby decreasing periodontal tissue attachment loss. Channa striatus (Haruan) is known for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the healing effect of C. striatus extract (CSE) on periodontitis in cats. Subgingival microbiological samples were taken from 24 stray cats with periodontal disease. The cats were divided randomly into four groups: CSE, commercialized oral product (COP), plain agar gel (PAG), and untreated. Assessment of the periodontal healing based on clinical examinations, gingivitis index, probing depth, recession, calculus index, and healing changes were evaluated weekly. Gingival biopsy samples were obtained on the first, third, fifth, and seventh days. There was a significant difference in the gingivitis index in the CSE, COP, and PAG groups during the treatment period. The histological healing score for the CSE group showed a reduced inflammation score compared to the PAG group on day 5. The fibroblast and collagen deposition scores increased on day 7 for the CSE group compared to the other groups. These findings suggest that CSE could be a plausible therapeutic healing alternative for periodontal disease in cats and could control gingivitis and the formation of plaque after application.

Tooth extraction is the most common oral surgical procedure performed in human and veterinary dentistry. One possible complication during extraction is root fragment displacement into adjacent anatomical spaces. Root fragment displacement into adjacent anatomical spaces can lead to serious side effects including pain and infection; therefore, displaced fragments should be removed when possible. Root fragment removal techniques from the mandibular canal have not been studied in veterinary or human dentistry. A reported complication of dental implant placement in humans is displacement into the mandibular canal, and techniques have been developed to remove these displaced implants. This report compares 2 techniques to remove displaced root fragments from the mandibular canal in canine cadavers based on previously published methods to remove displaced dental implants from the mandibular canal in humans.

A 5-month-old Newfoundland dog was presented with lethargy and bilateral enlargement of the mandibles and maxillae. A diagnosis of craniomandibular osteopathy was made based on clinical signs, physical examination, and computed tomography findings. Improved mentation and comfort levels were achieved with pain management using meloxicam and paracetamol. Follow-up examinations were performed at 1, 2, 6, and 16 weeks after the first consultation. Stabilization of the condition was noted initially, and by 16 weeks, clinical symptoms had markedly improved. Protuberances of the maxillae were markedly reduced compared to the initial presentation, and the maxillae appeared nearly normal. Widening of the mandibles had decreased, and the bony swelling extended less caudally. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of craniomandibular osteopathy in a Newfoundland dog.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of acquired dental disease (ADD) in pet rabbits, as well as the association between disease development, age, and the feed type. Sixty-two rabbits were divided into 3 groups based on feed type and age. All rabbits underwent general clinical examination, followed by radiographic imaging of the skull and endoscopic examination of the oral cavity. Based on the degree of ADD, the rabbits were then classified into 5 groups, based on the grade of ADD. The results found that 64.52% of rabbits suffered from some degree of ADD. The group of rabbits classified as grade 4 ADD had the highest median age. A positive correlation was found between the grades of ADD and the age of the rabbits. Rabbits fed a different diet type showed various levels of significance when comparing grades 0, 1, and 2 ADD with grade 3 ADD. The data suggests that age and feed type may be a factor affecting the degree of ADD.

Outside of Iceland, the Icelandic horse is prone to the development of Equine Odontoclastic Tooth Resorption and Hypercementosis (EOTRH). The aim of this study was to determine the radiographic prevalence and clinical signs of EOTRH in elderly horses (≥15 years) in Iceland. The rostral oral cavity of 170 horses (aged 15-30 years) was examined clinically. In addition, husbandry and nutritional management history was recorded by use of a questionnaire. Radiographs (2-4 views) of 188 horses were evaluated, findings were categorized by numerical staging of the condition and collated with clinical and anamnestic findings. 45.7% of the horses showed no radiographic changes. 26.6% of the horses were suspicious for EOTRH. In 26.6% of horses mild radiographic stages of EOTRH were seen, while in 1.1% of horses the signs were classified as moderate. Severe manifestation was not present in this sample of horses. Radiographic findings were strongly age-dependent (P < .001). No horse showed EOTRH-associated clinical signs of fistulae, bulbous enlargement of the roots or tooth mobility. The radiographic findings were likely caused by age-related processes. In Iceland, 82.4% of the examined horses spent 9-12 months of the year grazing on pasture. Radiographic, clinical and anamnestic findings were compared with selected findings in a population of Icelandic horses in Germany. Horses in Iceland had 7.8 times less risk of developing EOTRH compared to Icelandic horses in Germany. The remarkably low prevalence of clinical and radiographic EOTRH-like changes in horses in Iceland is likely to be related to their natural living environment.

Dental home care of pets plays a critical role in preventing periodontal disease. Active methods of dental home care such as tooth brushing are recommended along with oral hygiene measures that can help reduce dental plaque. The study evaluated the effectiveness of a new topical oral gel (TOG) in controlling plaque accumulation in dogs. After scaling and polishing, 32 dogs were randomly assigned to either a control group with no further oral hygiene care or the TOG group that received an application of the oral gel once a day for 30 days. All dogs were fed the same diet during the trial. Five parameters were evaluated in 9 target teeth on days 0 and 30: periodontal disease index (PDI), calculus index (CI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), plaque index, and oral health index (OHI). On day 30, comparison between the groups showed no differences for PDI and CI. However, OHI, PDI, and GBI were significantly lower in the TOG group (P < .05). Furthermore, OHI and GBI decreased over time in the TOG group (P < .05) and not in the control group. These results show that once-daily oral applications of TOG, without mechanical action, reduced the accumulation of dental plaque in dogs.