Pub Date : 1966-05-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026608662356
L. Piper
As a result of electron-microscope studies on a selection of mammalian hairs, evidence is presented of the existence of an interlinking mechanism between the cortex and the cuticle. The occurrence of these interpenetrating devices is greater in vicuna hair and guanaco hair than in wool, and it is suggested that the mechanism of phagocytosis may be involved in their formation.
{"title":"17—A MECHANISM OF ATTACHMENT BETWEEN THE CORTEX AND CUTICLE OF MAMMALIAN HAIRS","authors":"L. Piper","doi":"10.1080/19447026608662356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026608662356","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of electron-microscope studies on a selection of mammalian hairs, evidence is presented of the existence of an interlinking mechanism between the cortex and the cuticle. The occurrence of these interpenetrating devices is greater in vicuna hair and guanaco hair than in wool, and it is suggested that the mechanism of phagocytosis may be involved in their formation.","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73421416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1966-05-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026608662358
D. Wilson, M. Hammersley
An account is given of some experiments made to elucidate the mechanism of lubrication when waxed worsted hosiery yarns run over a stationary solid surface. The effects on yarn friction of the amount of wax on the yarn, the yarn speed, the yarn moisture regain and the nature and temperature of the rubbing surface were studied, and, although several effects are at present unresolved, a general picture has been built up which fits most of the experimental results.
{"title":"19—SOME ASPECTS OF THE FRICTIONAL PROPERTIES OF WAXED AND UNWAXED WORSTED HOSIERY YARNS","authors":"D. Wilson, M. Hammersley","doi":"10.1080/19447026608662358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026608662358","url":null,"abstract":"An account is given of some experiments made to elucidate the mechanism of lubrication when waxed worsted hosiery yarns run over a stationary solid surface. The effects on yarn friction of the amount of wax on the yarn, the yarn speed, the yarn moisture regain and the nature and temperature of the rubbing surface were studied, and, although several effects are at present unresolved, a general picture has been built up which fits most of the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86082805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1966-05-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026608662357
R. B. Beevers, S. Heap
The effect of temperature on the stress–strain diagram and elastic recovery has been investigated for single fibres of Courtelle acrylic fibre. Most of the measurements were made in the wet state at temperatures of up to 80°C. Results show the presence of a glass-transition region at about 6O°C, and this has been confirmed by differential thermal analysis.
{"title":"18—THE TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF THE ELASTIC RECOVERY IN COURTELLE ACRYLIC FIBRES","authors":"R. B. Beevers, S. Heap","doi":"10.1080/19447026608662357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026608662357","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of temperature on the stress–strain diagram and elastic recovery has been investigated for single fibres of Courtelle acrylic fibre. Most of the measurements were made in the wet state at temperatures of up to 80°C. Results show the presence of a glass-transition region at about 6O°C, and this has been confirmed by differential thermal analysis.","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86570075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1966-05-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026608662360
B. Mackay
{"title":"Regain Testing by the Drying Method: Evaporation of Fatty Matter and Combing Oils","authors":"B. Mackay","doi":"10.1080/19447026608662360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026608662360","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73692586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1966-05-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026608662359
W. J. Morris, A. S. Roberts
{"title":"Some Causes of Variation in False-twist Bulked Yarns","authors":"W. J. Morris, A. S. Roberts","doi":"10.1080/19447026608662359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026608662359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81857371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1966-04-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026608662355
C. Slesser
{"title":"Drying of Continuous Tow by Forced Convection during the Falling-rate Period—Reply","authors":"C. Slesser","doi":"10.1080/19447026608662355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026608662355","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77689948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1966-04-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026608662349
R. L. D'arcy, W. B. Hall, I. Watt
The significance of eight factors on the yield of polyacrylonitrile polymerized in situ within wool fibres by means of the ferrous-ion-hydrogen peroxide initiatory system has been investigated by a series of experiments. A statistical analysis of the results shows the yield to be significantly affected by the concentration of monomer, the time and temperature of polymerization, the pH and concentration of ferrous ions, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, it is shown tbat an interaction exists between the concentration of ferrous ions and the time of reaction. A formula is suggested to predict the polymer yield from the values of the six significant factors. The polymer yield may be predicted by the formula: Y = 7·54 × 10−4 {e0.004T [M]1.36 time0.7 pH0.3 [H2O2]0.34 [Fe++]0.34}.
{"title":"14—DEPOSITION OF VINYL POLYMERS IN WOOL PART I: THE EFFECT OF SOME FACTORS ON THE AMOUNT OF POLYMER DEPOSITED","authors":"R. L. D'arcy, W. B. Hall, I. Watt","doi":"10.1080/19447026608662349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026608662349","url":null,"abstract":"The significance of eight factors on the yield of polyacrylonitrile polymerized in situ within wool fibres by means of the ferrous-ion-hydrogen peroxide initiatory system has been investigated by a series of experiments. A statistical analysis of the results shows the yield to be significantly affected by the concentration of monomer, the time and temperature of polymerization, the pH and concentration of ferrous ions, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, it is shown tbat an interaction exists between the concentration of ferrous ions and the time of reaction. A formula is suggested to predict the polymer yield from the values of the six significant factors. The polymer yield may be predicted by the formula: Y = 7·54 × 10−4 {e0.004T [M]1.36 time0.7 pH0.3 [H2O2]0.34 [Fe++]0.34}.","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89922659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1966-04-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026608662352
I. Watt, G. B. McMahon
{"title":"Temperature Effects during Absorption of Water Vapour by Keratin","authors":"I. Watt, G. B. McMahon","doi":"10.1080/19447026608662352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026608662352","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73877848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1966-04-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026608662353
G. King, F. Wood
{"title":"Temperature Effects during Absorption of Water Vapour by Keratin—Reply","authors":"G. King, F. Wood","doi":"10.1080/19447026608662353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026608662353","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"307 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73871289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1966-04-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026608662351
J. Chabert, J. Diemunsch, A. Banderet, J. Meybeck
The sorption isotherms of several fibres, of different types and structures, have been determined by a gravinietric method. The experiniental results obtained can be used in the confirmation of the equations of Hailwood and Horrobin, which were obtained by considering fibre–water systems as solutions of water in the disordered regions of the polymer, the ordered regions being regarded as inert elements dispersed throughout the polymer. A study of the variation in moisture regain as a function of time has been made over very long periods for cellulosic, polyamide, and polyester fibres. This has allowed a determination to be made of the accuracy that one can attribute to the parameters of the equation when account is taken of supplementary information from a knowledge of the hysteresis. On the other hand, measurements of the heat of wetting of fibres previously conditioned at different relative humidities have shown that the heats depend only on the actual value of the moisture content and not on the route ...
{"title":"16—THE APPLICATION OF SORPTION AND CALORIMETRIC MEASUREMENTS TO THE STUDY OF FIBRE STRUCTURE","authors":"J. Chabert, J. Diemunsch, A. Banderet, J. Meybeck","doi":"10.1080/19447026608662351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026608662351","url":null,"abstract":"The sorption isotherms of several fibres, of different types and structures, have been determined by a gravinietric method. The experiniental results obtained can be used in the confirmation of the equations of Hailwood and Horrobin, which were obtained by considering fibre–water systems as solutions of water in the disordered regions of the polymer, the ordered regions being regarded as inert elements dispersed throughout the polymer. A study of the variation in moisture regain as a function of time has been made over very long periods for cellulosic, polyamide, and polyester fibres. This has allowed a determination to be made of the accuracy that one can attribute to the parameters of the equation when account is taken of supplementary information from a knowledge of the hysteresis. On the other hand, measurements of the heat of wetting of fibres previously conditioned at different relative humidities have shown that the heats depend only on the actual value of the moisture content and not on the route ...","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82981166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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