Pub Date : 1965-11-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026508662318
P. Townend, R. Mayerson
It is shown how the performance of 64s wool oiled with different amounts of Topsol varies in combing, drawing, and spinning. In the assessment of the effect of the amount of added oil. processing was done on both the A.S.D. and conventional spinning systems, stored and freshly oiled tops were processed, and laboratory as well as mill trials were made. The performance factors investigated were combing tear, fibre breakage in combing, neppiness of tops, roving levelness and drag, end-breakages in spinning, yarn irregularity, and yarn strength and extension at break.
{"title":"45—THE BEHAVIOUR OF LUBRICATED FIBRES IN WORSTED COMBING, DRAWING, AND SPINNING","authors":"P. Townend, R. Mayerson","doi":"10.1080/19447026508662318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026508662318","url":null,"abstract":"It is shown how the performance of 64s wool oiled with different amounts of Topsol varies in combing, drawing, and spinning. In the assessment of the effect of the amount of added oil. processing was done on both the A.S.D. and conventional spinning systems, stored and freshly oiled tops were processed, and laboratory as well as mill trials were made. The performance factors investigated were combing tear, fibre breakage in combing, neppiness of tops, roving levelness and drag, end-breakages in spinning, yarn irregularity, and yarn strength and extension at break.","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76204744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-11-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026508662320
J. L. Briggs, R. S. Hartley
A laboratory study is described of the effect of ageing on the removal of fatty oils from wool yarn. When newly oiled yarn was scoured in package form, high and unevenly distributed oil residues were obtained, but scouring improved as the oil oxidized on the ageing of the yarn. The effect of ageing was of much less significance when the yarn was scoured in hank or fabric form because satisfactory scouring was obtained when the yarn was new. This improvement in package-scouring is associated with the droplet size of the emulsion formed during scouring. Unoxidized oil produces relatively large droplets, a large proportion of which are retained by the yarn during circulation of the liquor, which results in high and uneven residues. Oxidized oil produces many small droplets that are not retained by the yarn, so that low oil residues are thus obtained. In hank- and fabric-scouring, the liquor is not recirculated and hence the droplet size of the emulsion is of little importance.
{"title":"47—THE EFFECT OF AGEING ON THE REMOVAL OF FATTY OILS FROM WOOL YARN","authors":"J. L. Briggs, R. S. Hartley","doi":"10.1080/19447026508662320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026508662320","url":null,"abstract":"A laboratory study is described of the effect of ageing on the removal of fatty oils from wool yarn. When newly oiled yarn was scoured in package form, high and unevenly distributed oil residues were obtained, but scouring improved as the oil oxidized on the ageing of the yarn. The effect of ageing was of much less significance when the yarn was scoured in hank or fabric form because satisfactory scouring was obtained when the yarn was new. This improvement in package-scouring is associated with the droplet size of the emulsion formed during scouring. Unoxidized oil produces relatively large droplets, a large proportion of which are retained by the yarn during circulation of the liquor, which results in high and uneven residues. Oxidized oil produces many small droplets that are not retained by the yarn, so that low oil residues are thus obtained. In hank- and fabric-scouring, the liquor is not recirculated and hence the droplet size of the emulsion is of little importance.","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79495944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026508662312
L. Waesterberg
The making-up properties of several wool fabrics, differing in structure and finish, have been evaluated and compared with various mechanical properties of the fabrics that were considered to govern their behaviour when they were made into a man's suit, both in the making-up process and in the subsequent life of the garment. The making-up properties were evaluated by the operatives concerned, who classified the fabrics according to the ease with which they could be handled in making-up and their appearance in the finished garment. From the relations observed between evaluated and measured properties, recommendations are made for altering the measurable fkbric properties in order to effect improvements in the evaluated properties.
{"title":"41—MAKING–UP PROPERTIES OF WOOL FABRICS","authors":"L. Waesterberg","doi":"10.1080/19447026508662312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026508662312","url":null,"abstract":"The making-up properties of several wool fabrics, differing in structure and finish, have been evaluated and compared with various mechanical properties of the fabrics that were considered to govern their behaviour when they were made into a man's suit, both in the making-up process and in the subsequent life of the garment. The making-up properties were evaluated by the operatives concerned, who classified the fabrics according to the ease with which they could be handled in making-up and their appearance in the finished garment. From the relations observed between evaluated and measured properties, recommendations are made for altering the measurable fkbric properties in order to effect improvements in the evaluated properties.","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79490453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026508662313
L. Treloar
{"title":"42—THE EFFECT OF TEST-PIECE DIMENSIONS ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF FABRICS IN SHEAR","authors":"L. Treloar","doi":"10.1080/19447026508662313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026508662313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76097050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026508662315
N. Balasubramanian
Investigations were undertaken to study the influence of draft and roller setting on drafting irregularities. At a high zone draft, the drafting wave was more clearly seen as a periodic irregularity, with a wavelength of four times the mean fibre length. When cotton was processed at a widened roller setting, a periodic irregularity of high amplitude and of wavelength ten or eleven times the mean fibre length was found to develop. There was evidence to suggest that the movement of floating fibres amplifies the variations in the input sliver.
{"title":"44—A STUDY OF THE SHORT-TERM VARIATIONS IN COMBED-COTTON SLIVERS: PART II","authors":"N. Balasubramanian","doi":"10.1080/19447026508662315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026508662315","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations were undertaken to study the influence of draft and roller setting on drafting irregularities. At a high zone draft, the drafting wave was more clearly seen as a periodic irregularity, with a wavelength of four times the mean fibre length. When cotton was processed at a widened roller setting, a periodic irregularity of high amplitude and of wavelength ten or eleven times the mean fibre length was found to develop. There was evidence to suggest that the movement of floating fibres amplifies the variations in the input sliver.","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87298492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026508662317
T. Subramanian
{"title":"Spindle Allocation in Ring Spinning and its Effect on Roving Waste—Reply","authors":"T. Subramanian","doi":"10.1080/19447026508662317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026508662317","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72984448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026508662316
V. Merchant, S. Seshadri
{"title":"Spindle Allocation in Ring Spinning and its Effect on Roving Waste","authors":"V. Merchant, S. Seshadri","doi":"10.1080/19447026508662316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026508662316","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81140139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-09-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026508662310
J. D. Owen
{"title":"Yarn Bending Rigidity—Reply","authors":"J. D. Owen","doi":"10.1080/19447026508662310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026508662310","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87258182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-09-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026508662306
L. Treloar
The energy method, previously used for the derivation of the stress–strain properties of continuous-filament yarns (Treloar and Riding, J. Text. Inst., 1963, 54, T156), is applied to the derivation of the corresponding properties of continuous-filament cords of 2-ply, 3-ply and 7-ply construction. The calculations make use of the author's theory of the cord geometry (Treloar, J. Text. Inst., 1956, 47, T348) whereby the torsion in the ply may be obtained from the twist in the original single yam and the geometrical parameters of the cord. The material properties are introduced in the form of the stress–strain curve of the filament material, as obtained experimentally. Equations are derived for the stress–strain properties of the cord in terms of experimentally observable parameters; these are presented in a form suitable for numerical computation.
能量法，以前用于连续长丝的应力-应变性能的推导(Treloar和Riding, J.文本。Inst.， 1963, 54, T156)，应用于推导2层、3层和7层结构的连续长丝绳的相应性能。计算利用了作者的索几何理论(Treloar, J. Text)。据此，股线的扭力可由原始单根纱的捻度和绳的几何参数得到。以实验得到的长丝材料的应力-应变曲线的形式介绍了材料的性能。根据实验可观察到的参数，导出了索的应力-应变特性方程;这些以适合数值计算的形式表示。
{"title":"38—THE STRESS–STRAIN PROPERTIES OF MULTI-PLY CORDS PART I. THEORY","authors":"L. Treloar","doi":"10.1080/19447026508662306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026508662306","url":null,"abstract":"The energy method, previously used for the derivation of the stress–strain properties of continuous-filament yarns (Treloar and Riding, J. Text. Inst., 1963, 54, T156), is applied to the derivation of the corresponding properties of continuous-filament cords of 2-ply, 3-ply and 7-ply construction. The calculations make use of the author's theory of the cord geometry (Treloar, J. Text. Inst., 1956, 47, T348) whereby the torsion in the ply may be obtained from the twist in the original single yam and the geometrical parameters of the cord. The material properties are introduced in the form of the stress–strain curve of the filament material, as obtained experimentally. Equations are derived for the stress–strain properties of the cord in terms of experimentally observable parameters; these are presented in a form suitable for numerical computation.","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78505467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-09-01DOI: 10.1080/19447026508662305
G. Bornet
A description is given of the Canadian-made Sigma Unevenness Tester and of its evaluation. Good agreement has been found between readings from the instrument and the ‘true’ unevenness as determined by cutting and weighing.
{"title":"37—THE SIGMA UNEVENNESS TESTER AND THE EVALUATION OF ITS ACCURACY BY CUTTING AND WEIGHING","authors":"G. Bornet","doi":"10.1080/19447026508662305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19447026508662305","url":null,"abstract":"A description is given of the Canadian-made Sigma Unevenness Tester and of its evaluation. Good agreement has been found between readings from the instrument and the ‘true’ unevenness as determined by cutting and weighing.","PeriodicalId":17650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Textile Institute Transactions","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88551380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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