Krystal L. Randall, Melinda J. Waterman, Michael B. Ashcroft, Paulo E. A. S. Camara, Gustavo E. Zúñiga, Andre Thomazini, Sharon A. Robinson
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Polar and alpine plants live at the edge of their physiological limits. Thus, relatively small changes in climate can have disproportionate effects on biological and ecological processes. Antarctic mosses display highly variable micro-topography (canopy architecture) over centimetre scales that correspond with spatial patterns in moss health. We aimed to assess the influence of centimetre-scale micro-topography on biologically relevant canopy microclimates across Antarctic moss beds.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Trans-Antarctic.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Time Period</h3> <p>2018–2023.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3> <p>Moss communities (bryophytes).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Spatially explicit microclimate data were measured (canopy temperature and water content) at different micro-topographic positions (micro-ridges and valleys, and various micro-slopes and aspects) within 1 m<sup>2</sup> plots of continuous moss cover in Maritime and East Antarctica. Solar radiation was modelled at 1 cm<sup>2</sup> resolution.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>(1) Moss canopies varied by up to 2.24°C in mean and 15°C in maximum temperature within plots, with centimetre-scale micro-topography consistently shaping microclimate conditions. (2) Micro-topographic position, seasonal solar dynamics and processes such as radiative trapping jointly influence the spatial structure of moss temperatures over centimetre scales. (3) East Antarctic mosses show a greater ability to warm above ambient air temperature compared to Maritime Antarctic mosses and may be especially at risk of exceeding upper temperature thresholds.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>This study considers the effect of centimetre-scale moss micro-topography on moss canopy microclimates and more broadly offers novel insights into the spatial structure and variation of ground-level climate over scales typically overlooked by in situ measurements. We discuss centimetre-scale microclimate variation in terms of moss physiology and observed declines in the health of East Antarctic mosses which visibly map to the micro-topography. These findings are especially relevant for regions across the globe with short-stature vegetation, like bio-crusts, and alpine and polar fellfields. Recognising climate variation at micro-topographic s
目的极地和高山植物生活在它们生理极限的边缘。因此，相对较小的气候变化会对生物和生态过程产生不成比例的影响。南极苔藓在厘米尺度上表现出高度可变的微地形（冠层结构），与苔藓健康的空间格局相对应。我们的目的是评估厘米尺度微地形对南极苔藓床上与生物相关的冠层小气候的影响。位置反式的南极。时间范围2018-2023。主要分类群研究苔藓群落（苔藓植物）。方法在海洋和南极洲东部连续苔藓覆盖的1 m 2样地内，测量不同微地形位置（微脊和微谷，以及各种微坡和坡向）的空间显式小气候数据（冠层温度和含水量）。太阳辐射以1厘米2的分辨率模拟。结果(1)样地内苔藓冠层平均温度变化高达2.24°C，最高温度变化高达15°C，厘米尺度微地形持续塑造小气候条件。(2)微地形位置、季节太阳动力学和辐射捕获等过程共同影响苔藓温度在厘米尺度上的空间结构。(3)南极东部藓类比南极海洋藓类具有更强的高于环境温度的升温能力，尤其有超过环境温度阈值的风险。本研究考虑了厘米尺度苔藓微地形对苔藓冠层小气候的影响，并在更广泛的范围内为地面气候的空间结构和变化提供了新的见解，这些尺度通常被原位测量所忽视。我们从苔藓生理学的角度讨论了厘米尺度的小气候变化，并观察到南极东部苔藓健康状况的下降，这可以明显地映射到微地形。这些发现尤其适用于全球矮小植被的地区，如生物结皮、高山和极地林地。在微观地形尺度上认识气候变化对于理解生态生理学和植物与气候的相互作用至关重要。
{"title":"Centimetre-Scale Micro-Topography Structures Biologically Relevant Microclimates in Antarctic Moss Beds","authors":"Krystal L. Randall, Melinda J. Waterman, Michael B. Ashcroft, Paulo E. A. S. Camara, Gustavo E. Zúñiga, Andre Thomazini, Sharon A. Robinson","doi":"10.1111/geb.70155","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polar and alpine plants live at the edge of their physiological limits. Thus, relatively small changes in climate can have disproportionate effects on biological and ecological processes. Antarctic mosses display highly variable micro-topography (canopy architecture) over centimetre scales that correspond with spatial patterns in moss health. We aimed to assess the influence of centimetre-scale micro-topography on biologically relevant canopy microclimates across Antarctic moss beds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trans-Antarctic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2018–2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Moss communities (bryophytes).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spatially explicit microclimate data were measured (canopy temperature and water content) at different micro-topographic positions (micro-ridges and valleys, and various micro-slopes and aspects) within 1 m<sup>2</sup> plots of continuous moss cover in Maritime and East Antarctica. Solar radiation was modelled at 1 cm<sup>2</sup> resolution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>(1) Moss canopies varied by up to 2.24°C in mean and 15°C in maximum temperature within plots, with centimetre-scale micro-topography consistently shaping microclimate conditions. (2) Micro-topographic position, seasonal solar dynamics and processes such as radiative trapping jointly influence the spatial structure of moss temperatures over centimetre scales. (3) East Antarctic mosses show a greater ability to warm above ambient air temperature compared to Maritime Antarctic mosses and may be especially at risk of exceeding upper temperature thresholds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study considers the effect of centimetre-scale moss micro-topography on moss canopy microclimates and more broadly offers novel insights into the spatial structure and variation of ground-level climate over scales typically overlooked by in situ measurements. We discuss centimetre-scale microclimate variation in terms of moss physiology and observed declines in the health of East Antarctic mosses which visibly map to the micro-topography. These findings are especially relevant for regions across the globe with short-stature vegetation, like bio-crusts, and alpine and polar fellfields. Recognising climate variation at micro-topographic s","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145645305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maira R. Cardoso, Ana Maria Bastidas-Urrutia, Kevin Frac, Christian Hof, Holger Kreft, Jörg Albrecht, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, Susanne A. Fritz
Aim
To assess how environmental characteristics and human impacts contribute to the global prevalence of threatened bird species on islands (the ratio of threatened to non-threatened species per island), and to identify which types of land use are most strongly associated with extinction risk on islands.
Location
Global.
Time Period
Present-day extant species and land-use patterns.
Major Taxa Studied
Terrestrial birds.
Methods
We compiled bird species occurrence and conservation status data from BirdLife International and eBird, and environmental and land-use variables for islands. We grouped nine predictor variables into three categories: island characteristics (e.g., area, isolation, climate), human impacts (urban cover, cropland, human appropriation of NPP (HANPP)), and wildlands (intact habitat). We used model selection and BIC-based model weights to evaluate the relative support for each variable group and assessed which factors best explained the prevalence of threatened species.
Results
Models including both island characteristics and human impact variables explained ~40% of the variation in the prevalence of threatened bird species across islands. The strongest predictor overall was island type: threatened species prevalence was significantly higher on oceanic islands than on continental islands. Among human impact variables, urban land cover had the most substantial effect, with threatened species prevalence up to five times greater on highly urbanised islands.
Main Conclusions
The prevalence of currently threatened species across islands is shaped by the interplay between environmental conditions and anthropogenic pressures. Our findings highlight urbanisation as a particularly potent driver of extinction risk, especially on oceanic islands. We suggest that island biogeography frameworks be updated to explicitly account for human-driven impacts, as island ecosystems are increasingly reshaped by global land-use transformations.
{"title":"Urbanisation Is Related to the Prevalence of Threatened Species on Islands Across the Globe","authors":"Maira R. Cardoso, Ana Maria Bastidas-Urrutia, Kevin Frac, Christian Hof, Holger Kreft, Jörg Albrecht, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, Susanne A. Fritz","doi":"10.1111/geb.70125","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess how environmental characteristics and human impacts contribute to the global prevalence of threatened bird species on islands (the ratio of threatened to non-threatened species per island), and to identify which types of land use are most strongly associated with extinction risk on islands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Present-day extant species and land-use patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Terrestrial birds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compiled bird species occurrence and conservation status data from BirdLife International and eBird, and environmental and land-use variables for islands. We grouped nine predictor variables into three categories: island characteristics (e.g., area, isolation, climate), human impacts (urban cover, cropland, human appropriation of NPP (HANPP)), and wildlands (intact habitat). We used model selection and BIC-based model weights to evaluate the relative support for each variable group and assessed which factors best explained the prevalence of threatened species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Models including both island characteristics and human impact variables explained ~40% of the variation in the prevalence of threatened bird species across islands. The strongest predictor overall was island type: threatened species prevalence was significantly higher on oceanic islands than on continental islands. Among human impact variables, urban land cover had the most substantial effect, with threatened species prevalence up to five times greater on highly urbanised islands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of currently threatened species across islands is shaped by the interplay between environmental conditions and anthropogenic pressures. Our findings highlight urbanisation as a particularly potent driver of extinction risk, especially on oceanic islands. We suggest that island biogeography frameworks be updated to explicitly account for human-driven impacts, as island ecosystems are increasingly reshaped by global land-use transformations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145613535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claudia Gutiérrez-Arellano, Tim Newbold, Jenny A. Hodgson
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Land-use change drives biodiversity loss, but some species are more vulnerable than others. Indicators of global biodiversity must attempt to summarise these impacts representatively and meaningfully, to guide biodiversity recovery. Yet species that are hard to detect, and thus feature less in relevant databases, might possess traits that make them particularly sensitive to anthropogenic impacts. Using global data for plant, bird and spider species, we develop a statistical approach to analyse and correct for the impact of excluding hard-to-sample species from global biodiversity indicators.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Worldwide.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Time Period</h3> <p>Abundance studies published in 1998–2020; species occurrence records available from 1600 to 2023.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3> <p>Birds, vascular plants and spiders.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We first quantified the extent to which the recordability of a species mediates the relationship between site-level abundance and broad land use type. We used the local abundance data in the Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity in Changing Terrestrial Systems database (PREDICTS), for over 4000 plant, bird and spider species. As a proxy for species' recordability, we used its number of occurrence records in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility database (GBIF). We then extrapolated our fitted statistical model to all species with valid GBIF occurrence records (0.27 M species).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Less recordable species tend to decline more as land-use intensity increases, and problematically, they are underrepresented in PREDICTS. A more representative global indicator can be obtained by extrapolating our model to the hard-to-sample, and on average, more sensitive species unobserved in PREDICTS. Our extrapolated, aggregate estimates show a lower abundance of ‘the average species’ in anthropogenic land uses. For example, intensive agriculture only has 18% of the biodiversity level of primary vegetation, rather than the 47% estimated without extrapolation to the hard-to-sample species.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>Given the bi
{"title":"Hard-To-Sample Species Are More Sensitive to Land-Use Change: Implications for Global Biodiversity Metrics","authors":"Claudia Gutiérrez-Arellano, Tim Newbold, Jenny A. Hodgson","doi":"10.1111/geb.70170","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70170","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Land-use change drives biodiversity loss, but some species are more vulnerable than others. Indicators of global biodiversity must attempt to summarise these impacts representatively and meaningfully, to guide biodiversity recovery. Yet species that are hard to detect, and thus feature less in relevant databases, might possess traits that make them particularly sensitive to anthropogenic impacts. Using global data for plant, bird and spider species, we develop a statistical approach to analyse and correct for the impact of excluding hard-to-sample species from global biodiversity indicators.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Worldwide.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Abundance studies published in 1998–2020; species occurrence records available from 1600 to 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Birds, vascular plants and spiders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We first quantified the extent to which the recordability of a species mediates the relationship between site-level abundance and broad land use type. We used the local abundance data in the Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity in Changing Terrestrial Systems database (PREDICTS), for over 4000 plant, bird and spider species. As a proxy for species' recordability, we used its number of occurrence records in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility database (GBIF). We then extrapolated our fitted statistical model to all species with valid GBIF occurrence records (0.27 M species).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Less recordable species tend to decline more as land-use intensity increases, and problematically, they are underrepresented in PREDICTS. A more representative global indicator can be obtained by extrapolating our model to the hard-to-sample, and on average, more sensitive species unobserved in PREDICTS. Our extrapolated, aggregate estimates show a lower abundance of ‘the average species’ in anthropogenic land uses. For example, intensive agriculture only has 18% of the biodiversity level of primary vegetation, rather than the 47% estimated without extrapolation to the hard-to-sample species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Given the bi","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145613537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenchen Ding, Jiale Ding, Huijie Qiao, Zhigang Jiang, Zhiheng Wang
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Species' distributions are central to research in biogeography, macroecology and conservation biology. However, incomplete or inaccurate knowledge about species' spatiotemporal distribution ranges—known as the Wallacean shortfall—hampers our understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes. We investigated the taxonomic, spatiotemporal and biogeographical patterns of new mammal distribution records in China and identified the species-level and provincial-level drivers associated with these records.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>China.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Time Period</h3> <p>2001–2023.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3> <p>Mammals.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We compiled 192 peer-reviewed papers reporting 225 provincial-level new occurrence records for 150 mammal species in 26 families across seven orders. We assessed the effects of species-level traits and environmental conditions on the likelihood of new record detections using Bayesian phylogenetic generalised linear mixed models. We also evaluated how provincial-level survey efforts, mammal species richness and socio-economic factors influenced the detection rate of new records using generalised linear regression models, and tested whether new records were spatially non-random in directions using chi-squared analyses.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Three orders, Chiroptera (<i>n</i> = 69), Eulipotyphla (<i>n</i> = 26), and Rodentia (<i>n</i> = 23), had the highest number of new distribution records. Three provinces, Yunnan (<i>n</i> = 31), Guangdong (<i>n</i> = 22), and Xizang (<i>n</i> = 18), reported the most new records. Two new records were discovered in historically unrecognised zoogeographic realms. Smaller-bodied, nocturnal and data-deficient species were more likely to have new records. New record counts were positively correlated with species richness and current survey efforts (<i>β</i> > 0.4, <i>p</i> < 0.05). New records showed significant directional bias (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 183.8, df = 7, <i>p</i> < 0.01), with 40.7% of records (<i>n</i> = 61) extending northward and 21.3% (<i>n</i> = 32) eastward.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>This study underscores the urgent need for intensified surveys in biodiversity-rich, yet under-explored areas, and among understudied taxa, particula
{"title":"Taxonomic and Spatiotemporal Patterns and Ecological Correlates of New Mammal Distribution Records in China","authors":"Chenchen Ding, Jiale Ding, Huijie Qiao, Zhigang Jiang, Zhiheng Wang","doi":"10.1111/geb.70165","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Species' distributions are central to research in biogeography, macroecology and conservation biology. However, incomplete or inaccurate knowledge about species' spatiotemporal distribution ranges—known as the Wallacean shortfall—hampers our understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes. We investigated the taxonomic, spatiotemporal and biogeographical patterns of new mammal distribution records in China and identified the species-level and provincial-level drivers associated with these records.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2001–2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mammals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compiled 192 peer-reviewed papers reporting 225 provincial-level new occurrence records for 150 mammal species in 26 families across seven orders. We assessed the effects of species-level traits and environmental conditions on the likelihood of new record detections using Bayesian phylogenetic generalised linear mixed models. We also evaluated how provincial-level survey efforts, mammal species richness and socio-economic factors influenced the detection rate of new records using generalised linear regression models, and tested whether new records were spatially non-random in directions using chi-squared analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three orders, Chiroptera (<i>n</i> = 69), Eulipotyphla (<i>n</i> = 26), and Rodentia (<i>n</i> = 23), had the highest number of new distribution records. Three provinces, Yunnan (<i>n</i> = 31), Guangdong (<i>n</i> = 22), and Xizang (<i>n</i> = 18), reported the most new records. Two new records were discovered in historically unrecognised zoogeographic realms. Smaller-bodied, nocturnal and data-deficient species were more likely to have new records. New record counts were positively correlated with species richness and current survey efforts (<i>β</i> > 0.4, <i>p</i> < 0.05). New records showed significant directional bias (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 183.8, df = 7, <i>p</i> < 0.01), with 40.7% of records (<i>n</i> = 61) extending northward and 21.3% (<i>n</i> = 32) eastward.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study underscores the urgent need for intensified surveys in biodiversity-rich, yet under-explored areas, and among understudied taxa, particula","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145613557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahid Ahmad, Kunyuan Wanghe, Li Jialing, Enrique Blanco Gonzalez, Craig Syms, Ivan Igorevich Strelnikov, Luciano Bosso, Wei Mao
Aim
Climate change exerts selective pressures on avian morphology; nevertheless family-specific adaptive pathways remain poorly studied. We explore the connections between morphometric traits and climate for 59 bird species of Passeriformes families.
Location
South America.
Time Period
Current.
Major Taxa Studied
Birds.
Methods
We quantify climate-morphology relationships in 59 South American passerine species (n = 14,447 individuals; families Furnariidae, Tyrannidae and Thraupidae) using mixed-effects models incorporating PCA-derived seasonality metrics, spatial covariance modelling and temporal random effects with phylogenetic correction.
Results
Our findings demonstrate that body mass declined with temperature seasonality but exhibited family specificity. Furnariidae showed negative temperature associations, while Thraupidae responded positively to precipitation seasonality. Tarsus length decreased with precipitation across families, whereas wing length increased with temperature seasonality but declined under precipitation. Bill dimensions demonstrated the strongest climate sensitivity: length increased with temperature but decreased with precipitation seasonality. Random effects showed divergent phenotypic plasticity: Thraupidae displayed high temporal variance in bill length, indicating climate responsiveness, whereas body mass was temporally conserved. Habitat, diet and foraging behaviour showed no importance overall but were significant for Furnariidae essentially for body size, wing length and bill width. We found that forest-dwelling ground foragers exhibited smaller body size, shorter wings and large bills.
Main Conclusions
Our results showed that bill dimensions (length/width/depth) change more dramatically across climate gradients than body size traits (mass, tarsus, wing). These family-specific response hierarchies highlight differential vulnerability to climate change in Neotropical passerines.
{"title":"Climate-Driven Morphological Variation in Passerine Birds","authors":"Shahid Ahmad, Kunyuan Wanghe, Li Jialing, Enrique Blanco Gonzalez, Craig Syms, Ivan Igorevich Strelnikov, Luciano Bosso, Wei Mao","doi":"10.1111/geb.70164","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate change exerts selective pressures on avian morphology; nevertheless family-specific adaptive pathways remain poorly studied. We explore the connections between morphometric traits and climate for 59 bird species of Passeriformes families.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>South America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Birds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We quantify climate-morphology relationships in 59 South American passerine species (<i>n</i> = 14,447 individuals; families Furnariidae, Tyrannidae and Thraupidae) using mixed-effects models incorporating PCA-derived seasonality metrics, spatial covariance modelling and temporal random effects with phylogenetic correction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings demonstrate that body mass declined with temperature seasonality but exhibited family specificity. Furnariidae showed negative temperature associations, while Thraupidae responded positively to precipitation seasonality. Tarsus length decreased with precipitation across families, whereas wing length increased with temperature seasonality but declined under precipitation. Bill dimensions demonstrated the strongest climate sensitivity: length increased with temperature but decreased with precipitation seasonality. Random effects showed divergent phenotypic plasticity: Thraupidae displayed high temporal variance in bill length, indicating climate responsiveness, whereas body mass was temporally conserved. Habitat, diet and foraging behaviour showed no importance overall but were significant for Furnariidae essentially for body size, wing length and bill width. We found that forest-dwelling ground foragers exhibited smaller body size, shorter wings and large bills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results showed that bill dimensions (length/width/depth) change more dramatically across climate gradients than body size traits (mass, tarsus, wing). These family-specific response hierarchies highlight differential vulnerability to climate change in Neotropical passerines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuyan Liu, Qiyao Han, Pengzi Zhang, Shili Zhang, Yafang Wang, Long Jin
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Climate velocity is commonly used to identify potential climate refugia, yet this climate-only metric overlooks species-specific ecological and dispersal constraints, and thus may fail to reveal the actual biotic velocity required to track shifting climates under different scenarios. To address this limitation, we developed a biotic velocity-based framework to identify potential climate refugia.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>The Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR), a subtropical biodiversity hotspot in China.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Time Period</h3> <p>Present to the 2090s (2081–2100).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3> <p>Mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We developed a biotic velocity–based framework to identify three functionally distinct types of climate refugia with significant conservation value at the regional scale: (1) in-situ refugia, where species assemblage can persist locally without spatial displacement (i.e., areas with mean forward or backward biotic velocity equal to 0), (2) stepping-stone refugia, where species can track shifting climates with relatively low forward biotic velocity, and (3) ex-situ refugia, which are areas that can be readily colonised by species from other regions due to low backward biotic velocity. This framework integrates species distribution models (SDMs), climate exposure metrics, and species-specific dispersal capacities. In addition, we calculated climate velocity across the study region and assessed its correlation with biotic velocity.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Potential refugia concentrated in western and southeastern parts of the MLRYR, with distinct spatial patterns across taxa and emission scenarios (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5). Although approximately 19%–34% of existing protected areas overlapped with identified refugia hotspots, conservation gaps persisted over the long term. Moreover, the weak correlation between climate and biotic velocities highlights the limitations of climate-only metrics in capturing species-specific dispersal requirements.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>Our findings demonstrate that biotic velocity provides a more ecologically realistic lens for identifying climate refugia and underscore the need to integrate such refugia into climate-adap
{"title":"Biotic Velocity Identifies Potential Climate Refugia Beyond Climate Velocity Estimates","authors":"Shuyan Liu, Qiyao Han, Pengzi Zhang, Shili Zhang, Yafang Wang, Long Jin","doi":"10.1111/geb.70157","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70157","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate velocity is commonly used to identify potential climate refugia, yet this climate-only metric overlooks species-specific ecological and dispersal constraints, and thus may fail to reveal the actual biotic velocity required to track shifting climates under different scenarios. To address this limitation, we developed a biotic velocity-based framework to identify potential climate refugia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR), a subtropical biodiversity hotspot in China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Present to the 2090s (2081–2100).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a biotic velocity–based framework to identify three functionally distinct types of climate refugia with significant conservation value at the regional scale: (1) in-situ refugia, where species assemblage can persist locally without spatial displacement (i.e., areas with mean forward or backward biotic velocity equal to 0), (2) stepping-stone refugia, where species can track shifting climates with relatively low forward biotic velocity, and (3) ex-situ refugia, which are areas that can be readily colonised by species from other regions due to low backward biotic velocity. This framework integrates species distribution models (SDMs), climate exposure metrics, and species-specific dispersal capacities. In addition, we calculated climate velocity across the study region and assessed its correlation with biotic velocity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Potential refugia concentrated in western and southeastern parts of the MLRYR, with distinct spatial patterns across taxa and emission scenarios (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5). Although approximately 19%–34% of existing protected areas overlapped with identified refugia hotspots, conservation gaps persisted over the long term. Moreover, the weak correlation between climate and biotic velocities highlights the limitations of climate-only metrics in capturing species-specific dispersal requirements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings demonstrate that biotic velocity provides a more ecologically realistic lens for identifying climate refugia and underscore the need to integrate such refugia into climate-adap","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145593680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Imke C. Smit, Peter C. le Roux, Santiago Soliveres, Nicolas Gross, Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Hugo Saiz, Mehdi Abedi, Rodrigo Ahumada, Antonio I. Arroyo, Sergio Asensio, Richard Benoit, Niels Blaum, Chongfeng Bu, David Eldridge, Alex Fajardo, Mohammad Farzam, Amghar Fateh, Miguel García-Gómez, Juan J. Gaitán, Sofia Gonzalez, Beatriz Gozalo, Aaron C. Greenville, Emilio Guirado, Robert Hering, Cintia V. Leder, Xinhao Li, Jushan Liu, Michelle A. Louw, Antonio J. Manzaneda, Eugene Marais, Jaime Martínez-Valderrama, Betty J. Mendoza, Juan P. Mora, Gerardo Moreno, Victoria Ochoa, Gastón R. Oñatibia, Guadalupe Peter, Yolanda Pueyo, Emiliano Quiroga, Soroor Rahmanian, Pedro J. Rey, Victor Rolo, César Plaza, Shlomo Sarig, Javad Selyari, Samantha Travers, Enrique Valencia, Deli Wang, Lixin Wang, Glenda Wardle, Laura Yahdjian, Eli Zaady, Yuanming Zhang, Xiaobing Zhou, Fernando T. Maestre
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Plant functional traits can influence interaction outcomes between nurse and target plants through a “functional trait match”, which occurs when the traits of nurse plants ameliorate their environment, and target plants possess traits that allow them to benefit from this ameliorated environment. We investigated how the traits of putative nurse species affect interaction outcomes across global drylands and determined the functional match that promotes facilitation. We also investigated how grazing pressure and global climatic and edaphic gradients affected this trait match.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Global drylands.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Time Period</h3> <p>2016–2019.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3> <p>Vascular plants.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We used a collaborative survey conducted across 29 sites from five continents, where we gathered in situ co-occurrences of dominant species (‘nurses’) and other vascular plant species, as well as their functional traits [plant height and leaf dry matter content (LDMC)]. Climate, edaphic variables and grazing pressure were measured in situ or extracted from databases. We used a model building approach to determine the effect of dominant plant traits on interaction outcomes, and how the functional trait match between nurse and target species is affected by environmental variables.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Tall dominant plants with conservative leaves generally had a greater positive effect on species richness and cover beneath their canopies, but these effects were strongly modulated by grazing pressure and soil pH. Target plants that were significantly associated with dominant plants tended to be shorter, and have more acquisitive leaves than dominant plants, regardless of environmental conditions. However, the difference in height and LDMC between dominant plants and negatively associated target plants was strongly affected by environmental conditions.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>Functional traits play a significant role in determining interaction outcomes between dryland plants. Facilitation in drylands is driven by a conservative-acquisitive trait match, a p
{"title":"Plant Trait Matching Occurs in Facilitative Interactions Across Global Drylands","authors":"Imke C. Smit, Peter C. le Roux, Santiago Soliveres, Nicolas Gross, Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Hugo Saiz, Mehdi Abedi, Rodrigo Ahumada, Antonio I. Arroyo, Sergio Asensio, Richard Benoit, Niels Blaum, Chongfeng Bu, David Eldridge, Alex Fajardo, Mohammad Farzam, Amghar Fateh, Miguel García-Gómez, Juan J. Gaitán, Sofia Gonzalez, Beatriz Gozalo, Aaron C. Greenville, Emilio Guirado, Robert Hering, Cintia V. Leder, Xinhao Li, Jushan Liu, Michelle A. Louw, Antonio J. Manzaneda, Eugene Marais, Jaime Martínez-Valderrama, Betty J. Mendoza, Juan P. Mora, Gerardo Moreno, Victoria Ochoa, Gastón R. Oñatibia, Guadalupe Peter, Yolanda Pueyo, Emiliano Quiroga, Soroor Rahmanian, Pedro J. Rey, Victor Rolo, César Plaza, Shlomo Sarig, Javad Selyari, Samantha Travers, Enrique Valencia, Deli Wang, Lixin Wang, Glenda Wardle, Laura Yahdjian, Eli Zaady, Yuanming Zhang, Xiaobing Zhou, Fernando T. Maestre","doi":"10.1111/geb.70158","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plant functional traits can influence interaction outcomes between nurse and target plants through a “functional trait match”, which occurs when the traits of nurse plants ameliorate their environment, and target plants possess traits that allow them to benefit from this ameliorated environment. We investigated how the traits of putative nurse species affect interaction outcomes across global drylands and determined the functional match that promotes facilitation. We also investigated how grazing pressure and global climatic and edaphic gradients affected this trait match.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global drylands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2016–2019.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vascular plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used a collaborative survey conducted across 29 sites from five continents, where we gathered in situ co-occurrences of dominant species (‘nurses’) and other vascular plant species, as well as their functional traits [plant height and leaf dry matter content (LDMC)]. Climate, edaphic variables and grazing pressure were measured in situ or extracted from databases. We used a model building approach to determine the effect of dominant plant traits on interaction outcomes, and how the functional trait match between nurse and target species is affected by environmental variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tall dominant plants with conservative leaves generally had a greater positive effect on species richness and cover beneath their canopies, but these effects were strongly modulated by grazing pressure and soil pH. Target plants that were significantly associated with dominant plants tended to be shorter, and have more acquisitive leaves than dominant plants, regardless of environmental conditions. However, the difference in height and LDMC between dominant plants and negatively associated target plants was strongly affected by environmental conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Functional traits play a significant role in determining interaction outcomes between dryland plants. Facilitation in drylands is driven by a conservative-acquisitive trait match, a p","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145599609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiongfeng Bai, Peng Zhang, Lei Gan, Sébastien Brosse, Benjamin R. Shipley, Gaël Grenouillet, Tao Ju, Yahui Zhao, Valerio Barbarossa, Guohuan Su, Lihua Xiong, William R. Jeffery, Sovan Lek, Xianghong Dong
Aim
Cave fish have long fascinated biologists due to their unusual morphology, biology and physiology. Here, we developed the first database of cave fish occurrences, provided the first map of cave fish diversity patterns and evaluated how environmental changes are threatening cave fish diversity across the globe.
Location
Global.
Time Period
21st century.
Major Taxa Studies
Cave fish, classified as Stygobionts and Stygophiles, are widespread across the phylogeny of freshwater fish, with more than one-third of fish orders (17/45) and one-fifth of freshwater fish families (37/185).
Methods
We collected 1017 records of cave fish through a review of 378 publications and field surveys. We then used species distribution models to project the current and future global distribution of cave fish under varying climatic and geomorphic conditions, while assessing threats posed by multiple environmental stressors.
Results
We show that a few places in South America and Asia host a striking richness in cave fish species, whereas other regions are almost free from such species. We moreover reveal that almost two-thirds of the species are not formally named and that knowledge of cave fish diversity is lacunary in several regions from the Global South. Limited dispersal capacities of cave fish are expected to result in substantial habitat loss, as newly suitable or restored habitats remain inaccessible, thereby pushing species at risk of extinction across the globe. Arsenic contamination in groundwater and dam construction were identified as further threats to cave fish in karst and non-karst regions, respectively.
Conclusions
We mapped the global patterns of cave fish diversity and richness, assessed exposure risks under changing environmental conditions and revealed substantial knowledge gaps. Our work constitutes a primer for cave fish ecology and paves the way for further studies on the impact of global changes on the fragile but unique subterranean ecosystems.
{"title":"Global Diversity Patterns and Threats of Cave Fish","authors":"Xiongfeng Bai, Peng Zhang, Lei Gan, Sébastien Brosse, Benjamin R. Shipley, Gaël Grenouillet, Tao Ju, Yahui Zhao, Valerio Barbarossa, Guohuan Su, Lihua Xiong, William R. Jeffery, Sovan Lek, Xianghong Dong","doi":"10.1111/geb.70160","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cave fish have long fascinated biologists due to their unusual morphology, biology and physiology. Here, we developed the first database of cave fish occurrences, provided the first map of cave fish diversity patterns and evaluated how environmental changes are threatening cave fish diversity across the globe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>21st century.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studies</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cave fish, classified as Stygobionts and Stygophiles, are widespread across the phylogeny of freshwater fish, with more than one-third of fish orders (17/45) and one-fifth of freshwater fish families (37/185).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We collected 1017 records of cave fish through a review of 378 publications and field surveys. We then used species distribution models to project the current and future global distribution of cave fish under varying climatic and geomorphic conditions, while assessing threats posed by multiple environmental stressors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We show that a few places in South America and Asia host a striking richness in cave fish species, whereas other regions are almost free from such species. We moreover reveal that almost two-thirds of the species are not formally named and that knowledge of cave fish diversity is lacunary in several regions from the Global South. Limited dispersal capacities of cave fish are expected to result in substantial habitat loss, as newly suitable or restored habitats remain inaccessible, thereby pushing species at risk of extinction across the globe. Arsenic contamination in groundwater and dam construction were identified as further threats to cave fish in karst and non-karst regions, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We mapped the global patterns of cave fish diversity and richness, assessed exposure risks under changing environmental conditions and revealed substantial knowledge gaps. Our work constitutes a primer for cave fish ecology and paves the way for further studies on the impact of global changes on the fragile but unique subterranean ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David M. Richardson, Lauren B. Trotta, Myla F. J. Aronson, Benjamin Baiser, Marc W. Cadotte, Marta Carboni, Laura Celesti-Grapow, Sonja Knapp, Ingolf Kühn, Ana Carolina Lacerda de Matos, Zdeňka Lososová, Daijiang Li, Flavia A. Montaño-Centellas, Luke J. Potgieter, Rafael D. Zenni, Petr Pyšek
Aim
To (a) produce a list of the most widespread naturalised non-native plant species across cities of the world; (b) explore whether cities on different continents are invaded by the same group of widespread naturalised species; and (c) elucidate the origins of the most widespread naturalised urban species.
Location
Global.
Time Period
No specific period.
Major Taxa Studied
Vascular plants.
Method
Using the most comprehensive and up-to-date dataset of non-native urban floras yet assembled (GUBIC; Global Urban Biological Invasions Compendium), we identified the most widespread naturalised plant species (the global urban florome) by filtering for taxa present across all continents (except Antarctica) and their frequency in urban areas. To assess global patterns of urban plant naturalisation, we conducted ordination analyses and visualised species co-occurrence. We also examined species origins and their environmental impact.
Results
Among the 7792 naturalised plant species recorded in 553 urban centres, 302 species (4%) were found on all six continents. Of these, 96 species, considered the most widespread species, were present in more than half of urban centres in Oceania, North America and South America; this proportion was higher than in Africa, Asia and Europe. Cities outside Europe and Asia are more homogeneous in terms of the species composition of the most widespread invaders. An analysis of species origins showed that temperate Asia contributed the most species globally, while intercontinental exchange patterns varied, with a notable one-directional flow from North to South America.
Main Conclusions
Our results suggest that urban ecosystems outside Europe and Asia are more susceptible to recent invasions than those within these two continents. Understanding the composition and origins of these widespread species is crucial for developing coordinated management strategies and improving the resilience of urban biodiversity.
{"title":"Here, There and Everywhere: Widespread Non-Native Plants in the World's Urban Ecosystems","authors":"David M. Richardson, Lauren B. Trotta, Myla F. J. Aronson, Benjamin Baiser, Marc W. Cadotte, Marta Carboni, Laura Celesti-Grapow, Sonja Knapp, Ingolf Kühn, Ana Carolina Lacerda de Matos, Zdeňka Lososová, Daijiang Li, Flavia A. Montaño-Centellas, Luke J. Potgieter, Rafael D. Zenni, Petr Pyšek","doi":"10.1111/geb.70159","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To (a) produce a list of the most widespread naturalised non-native plant species across cities of the world; (b) explore whether cities on different continents are invaded by the same group of widespread naturalised species; and (c) elucidate the origins of the most widespread naturalised urban species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No specific period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vascular plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the most comprehensive and up-to-date dataset of non-native urban floras yet assembled (GUBIC; Global Urban Biological Invasions Compendium), we identified the most widespread naturalised plant species (the global urban florome) by filtering for taxa present across all continents (except Antarctica) and their frequency in urban areas. To assess global patterns of urban plant naturalisation, we conducted ordination analyses and visualised species co-occurrence. We also examined species origins and their environmental impact.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 7792 naturalised plant species recorded in 553 urban centres, 302 species (4%) were found on all six continents. Of these, 96 species, considered the most widespread species, were present in more than half of urban centres in Oceania, North America and South America; this proportion was higher than in Africa, Asia and Europe. Cities outside Europe and Asia are more homogeneous in terms of the species composition of the most widespread invaders. An analysis of species origins showed that temperate Asia contributed the most species globally, while intercontinental exchange patterns varied, with a notable one-directional flow from North to South America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that urban ecosystems outside Europe and Asia are more susceptible to recent invasions than those within these two continents. Understanding the composition and origins of these widespread species is crucial for developing coordinated management strategies and improving the resilience of urban biodiversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhaoning Wu, Jiechen Wang, He Wu, Siqing Li, Wenyu Dai
Aim
Although species distribution models (SDMs) play a critical role in ecological research and biodiversity conservation, their reliance on limited occurrence point data poses challenges in capturing the complex relationships between landscape structure and biogeographical processes. This limitation is particularly pronounced for many threatened species with insufficient data, making reliable large-scale ecological assessments difficult to achieve.
Innovation
Here, we propose a Graph Neural Network-based Species Distribution Model (GNN-SDM), a novel framework that leverages graph-based deep learning to infer habitat suitability. GNN-SDM uses standardised spatial distribution polygons from the IUCN Red List as model input, placing emphasis on the structural composition of habitats and environmental resources. By aggregating multidimensional environmental layers into landscape patches, this approach allows the model to consider potential ecological functions that emerge from interactions among neighbouring patches.
Main Conclusions
We evaluated the framework using global virtual species spanning multiple continents and ecological niches. Relative to conventional methods, GNN-SDM showed generally higher predictive accuracy and consistent performance across species with different niche preferences. By integrating species range polygons with patch-based environmental features, the approach provides an improved capacity to characterise habitat suitability under complex landscape structures and variable environmental conditions, and offers a practical tool for preliminary ecological assessments and conservation prioritisation of threatened species with limited occurrence data.
{"title":"GNN-SDM: A Graph Neural Network-Based Framework Integrating Complex Landscape Patterns Into Species Distribution Modelling","authors":"Zhaoning Wu, Jiechen Wang, He Wu, Siqing Li, Wenyu Dai","doi":"10.1111/geb.70162","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although species distribution models (SDMs) play a critical role in ecological research and biodiversity conservation, their reliance on limited occurrence point data poses challenges in capturing the complex relationships between landscape structure and biogeographical processes. This limitation is particularly pronounced for many threatened species with insufficient data, making reliable large-scale ecological assessments difficult to achieve.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Innovation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we propose a Graph Neural Network-based Species Distribution Model (GNN-SDM), a novel framework that leverages graph-based deep learning to infer habitat suitability. GNN-SDM uses standardised spatial distribution polygons from the IUCN Red List as model input, placing emphasis on the structural composition of habitats and environmental resources. By aggregating multidimensional environmental layers into landscape patches, this approach allows the model to consider potential ecological functions that emerge from interactions among neighbouring patches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We evaluated the framework using global virtual species spanning multiple continents and ecological niches. Relative to conventional methods, GNN-SDM showed generally higher predictive accuracy and consistent performance across species with different niche preferences. By integrating species range polygons with patch-based environmental features, the approach provides an improved capacity to characterise habitat suitability under complex landscape structures and variable environmental conditions, and offers a practical tool for preliminary ecological assessments and conservation prioritisation of threatened species with limited occurrence data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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