Mathes G., Reddin C., Kiessling W., Antell G., Saupe E., Steinbauer M. 2024 “Spatially Heterogeneous Responses of Planktonic Foraminiferal Assemblages Over 700,000 Years of Climate Change.” Global Ecology and Biogeography 33: e13905. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13905.
In the originally published article, the author Gawain Antell's name and affiliation were incorrect. The correct author names and affiliations are given below:
Gregor H. Mathes1,2,3, Carl J. Reddin2,4,5, Wolfgang Kiessling2, Gawain T. Antell6,7,8, Erin E. Saupe7, Manuel J. Steinbauer3,9
1Department of Paleontology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
2Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
3Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
4Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany
5Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
7Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
6Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
8Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
9Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
We apologize for this error.
An extensive dataset was used to decipher the different responses of 46 species of butterflies and Zygaenids (Lepidoptera) to climate change. The study included more than 1.5 million observations from four databases in Europe, with a south–north extension of about 1200 km from south-eastern France, via Switzerland and Baden-Württemberg (Germany) to Brandenburg (Germany). Altitude information was only available for France and Switzerland.
Europe.
1894 to 2022.
Lepidoptera, 46 species.
Linear models were used to investigate the change over time of the beginning, median, and end of the flight period, as well as the change in altitude. The length of the flight period and the altitudinal range of two time periods were compared. Distribution curves were interpreted with respect to changes in voltinism.
The beginning and the median of the flight period were increasingly earlier in 100% of the significant changes, while the end of the flight period was later in 69%. Below a mean altitude of about 1000 m, species were more likely to change phenology, while above 1500 m, altitude shift was more likely. In terms of voltinism, 47% of the distribution curves showed no change, 27% a major shift from one generation to another, 20% an additional generation, and 6% a merging of generations.
Four major responses to climate change were identified: no response (6 species in France, 5 in Switzerland), change in phenology (19 in France, 13 in Switzerland), change in altitude (11 in France, 21 in Switzerland) and change in both (2 in France and 7 in Switzerland). This study provides evidence that the response of Lepidoptera to climate change is variable and that these responses differ not only between species but also between regions. Ecological traits are used to discuss these differences in the species considered here.
Understanding of the mechanisms in community reorganisation and predicting species distribution are challenging because species responses to warming vary notably. We assessed thermal responses of aquatic bacterial communities in 167 stream biofilms and 480 field aquatic microcosms on subtropical and temperate mountainsides with contrasting climates, and examined the joint effects of temperature and nutrients on thermal responses.
Galong and Qilian mountains of the Tibetan Plateau, China.
July to September in 2018.
Bacteria.
We examined bacterial communities using high-throughput sequencing. We quantified aggregated thermal responses of bacterial communities for each sample based on changes in species abundance along temperature gradients. Finally, we studied the effects of temperature change and nutrient enrichment on thermal responses using structural equation models.
Bacterial species showed consistent responses to temperature change within each climate zone in streams or microcosms. The magnitude of positive and negative thermal responses increased and decreased with lower rRNA operon copy numbers, respectively. In the two contrasting climate zones, the community-level thermal responses consistently increased with rising temperatures. Bacterial phyla and classes with diverse species thermal responses showed greater sensitivity of thermal responses to warming. Unexpectedly, thermal responses were more sensitive to warming at higher and lower nutrients in the subtropical wet and the temperate arid climate zones, respectively. The divergence is explained by the fact that nutrients showed stronger effects on thermal responses in the temperate arid than in the subtropical wet climate zones, while temperature was dominant in both climate zones. The result was consistent in streams and microcosms.
Our synthesis across two contrasting habitats and climates clearly shows consistent patterns in microbial thermal responses along temperature gradients. Sensitivity of thermal responses to warming is mediated by nutrient enrichment. Our findings provide a novel understanding
Historical and contemporary environmental factors are hypothesised to influence the degree of ecological specialisation of species. Long-term climate stability might facilitate specialisation by promoting stable environments and diversification (climate stability hypothesis). In contrast, current stress–productivity gradients could also moderate specialisation through: (i) environmental filtering in stressful (e.g., arid) environments or (ii) accumulation of specialised species in highly productive regions.
Global.
Pliocene-present.
Birds.
We tested whether different specialisation facets (climate, diet and habitat) in bird assemblages are better explained by long-term climate stability or current stress-productivity gradients while accounting for latitude, longitude, biogeographic realm, taxonomic species richness and the evolutionary age of the assemblages at a global scale.
Long-term climatic stability was a weak predictor of bird specialisation after accounting for latitude. In contrast, aridity showed a consistent negative association with climate, diet, and habitat specialisation, even after controlling for latitude and species richness. Species richness was strongly positively associated with diet specialisation, suggesting the influence of niche filling processes. In addition, specialisation was more pronounced in high-productivity environments, indicating that greater niche availability fosters specialisation. Notably, the effects of aridity and assemblage mean evolutionary age on specialisation differed between hemispheres. While negative associations dominated in Southern realms, the Palearctic and Nearctic realms in the Northern Hemisphere showed more positive trends. This hemispheric contrast underscores the context-dependency of environmental effects on specialisation and points to biogeographic history as a potential modulator of these patterns.
Globally, stress-productivity gradients better explain patterns of
Stark G., Meiri S. Cold and dark captivity: Drivers of amphibian longevity. Global Ecol Biogeogr. 2018; 27: 1384–1397. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12804.
After the authors changed all the mass data and the two longevity data points, they re-ran all analyses using the new dataset. The authors found similar results and patterns to the original results in their paper (see corrected tables and figures below). Indeed, if anything, patterns and results are somewhat stronger now than in their published, problematic analyses (the new analyses have steeper slopes for body size and higher model R2 values).
We apologize for these errors.
Corrected amphibian longevity results.
For the original, published results without the newly corrected data, see the appendix below.
Corrected Results: the results now obtained using the new body mass values for all species and corrected longevities for the giant salamanders, Andrias davidianus and Andrias japonicus.
Below are the corrected results for the published paper: Stark, G., & Meiri, S. (2018). Cold and dark captivity: Drivers of amphibian longevity. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 27(11), 1384–1397. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12804.
Corrected TABLE 1 Linear regression (longevity ~ body size) using PGLS results based fixed dataset (max body size fixed and 2 species' longevities corrected using data from AnAge).
Corrected TABLE 2 Minimal adequate model for the analysis of all amphibian species.
Corrected TABLE 3 Minimal adequate model for the analysis of Anura order only.
Corrected TABLE 4 Minimal adequate model for the analysis of Urodela order only.
Appendix: Published tables and the figure that needed corrections.
Below is the original version, as published. The corrections for these tables and the figure appear above.
Marine heatwaves are the greatest threat to coral reefs, but the interplay between other physical environmental factors often influences the thermal sensitivity of corals. While existing coral bleaching algorithms largely depend on temperature-related metrics, such relationships may not hold under climate change when corals experience thermal and environmental variability that may shape bleaching susceptibility. Our aim is to use an interpretable machine learning-based approach to explore the effects and critical thresholds of thermal history and environmental drivers on bleaching outcomes.
2016–2020.
Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia.
Scleractinia corals.
A spatially cross-validated ordinal random forest model was applied to predict 2643 observed coral bleaching outcomes of three levels using 19 potentially informative environmental parameters (i.e., predictors) across three bleaching events on the GBR. We estimated the importance and marginal effects of each predictor using the SHapley Additive exPlanations method. Using the 10 most important predictors, we then fitted and applied a model to predict bleaching on unsurveyed reefs with predictor properties that the model had high confidence in.
Our model predicted bleaching intensities with 80% accuracy. While accumulated heat stress was the strongest predictor, non-linear interactions between drivers resolved observed bleaching outcomes and showed that heat stress alone could not always predict bleaching responses. Reefs with weak currents or high water clarity showed higher bleaching risk even with moderate heat stress. Severely heated reefs with high cloud cover or recent exposure to higher thermal stress exhibited lower bleaching risk.
We show that corals respond to acute heat stress differently depending on thermal history, water flow and light availability. Integrating environmental heterogeneity into coral bleaching algorithms, reef vulnerability assessment and
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