Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.37037/jrftsp.v11i2.106
L. Utama
Kabupaten Agam mempunyai Daerah Irigasi Sangkir dengan total luas sawah irigasi 1.031 ha, terletak di nagari Garagahan, nagari Kampung Tangah, dan nagari Manggopoh yang menjadi kewenangan Pemerintah Provinsi, melalui Dinas Sumber Daya Air dan Bina Konstruksi. Daerah Irigasi Sangkir merupakan infrastruktur sumber daya air yang dibangun dengan tujuan mempengaruhi dampak yang luas dalam berbagai kehidupan, terutama untuk mencapai tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat. Daerah irigasi mempengaruhi perkembangan dalam menjalankan kegiatannya. yang paling utama adalah untuk menunjang pembangunan di sektor pertanian yang mendukung program kedaulatan pangan. Kegiatan ini merupakan perencanaan untuk menentukan langkah dan upaya yang harus dilakukan guna memenuhi berbagai kebutuhan air dengan memanfaatkan potensi sumberdaya air yang ada. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dalam rangka menerapkan pendekatan secara sistem yang terpadu pada pengelolaan dan pengembangan sumberdaya air. Perkembangan sosial ekonomi masyarakat yang semakin meningkat serta peningkatan jumlah penduduk, dapat menjadi pengaruh utama dalam ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air. Maka pengelolaan sumberdaya air memerlukan perencanaan yang harus dilakukan secara terus menerus, sehingga ketersediaan air akan dapat terjamin. Luas irigasi Garagahan 415 ha, dengan tingginya tingkat pertambahan penduduk perlu dilakukan kajian untuk mempertahankan dan mengembangkan ketersediaan air dengan metoda curah hujan efektif. Debit andalan tersedia sebesar 3,50 m3/detik. Sampai tahun 2040 kebutuhan air untuk penduduk 210,67 l/detik dan untuk sawah 0,11 l/detik atau jumlah kebutuhan 0,22 m3/detik dapat terpenuhi.
{"title":"STUDI PENGELOLAAN KETERSEDIAAN AIR DAERAH IRIGASI SANGKIR GARAGAHAN KABUPATEN AGAM","authors":"L. Utama","doi":"10.37037/jrftsp.v11i2.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37037/jrftsp.v11i2.106","url":null,"abstract":"Kabupaten Agam mempunyai Daerah Irigasi Sangkir dengan total luas sawah irigasi 1.031 ha, terletak di nagari Garagahan, nagari Kampung Tangah, dan nagari Manggopoh yang menjadi kewenangan Pemerintah Provinsi, melalui Dinas Sumber Daya Air dan Bina Konstruksi. Daerah Irigasi Sangkir merupakan infrastruktur sumber daya air yang dibangun dengan tujuan mempengaruhi dampak yang luas dalam berbagai kehidupan, terutama untuk mencapai tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat. Daerah irigasi mempengaruhi perkembangan dalam menjalankan kegiatannya. yang paling utama adalah untuk menunjang pembangunan di sektor pertanian yang mendukung program kedaulatan pangan. Kegiatan ini merupakan perencanaan untuk menentukan langkah dan upaya yang harus dilakukan guna memenuhi berbagai kebutuhan air dengan memanfaatkan potensi sumberdaya air yang ada. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dalam rangka menerapkan pendekatan secara sistem yang terpadu pada pengelolaan dan pengembangan sumberdaya air. Perkembangan sosial ekonomi masyarakat yang semakin meningkat serta peningkatan jumlah penduduk, dapat menjadi pengaruh utama dalam ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air. Maka pengelolaan sumberdaya air memerlukan perencanaan yang harus dilakukan secara terus menerus, sehingga ketersediaan air akan dapat terjamin. Luas irigasi Garagahan 415 ha, dengan tingginya tingkat pertambahan penduduk perlu dilakukan kajian untuk mempertahankan dan mengembangkan ketersediaan air dengan metoda curah hujan efektif. Debit andalan tersedia sebesar 3,50 m3/detik. Sampai tahun 2040 kebutuhan air untuk penduduk 210,67 l/detik dan untuk sawah 0,11 l/detik atau jumlah kebutuhan 0,22 m3/detik dapat terpenuhi. \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":17711,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Rekayasa Proses","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76203419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-19DOI: 10.37037/jrftsp.v11i1.81
I. Farni
Padang City is a city located on the Coastline of West Sumatra Coast that is vulnerable to earthquakes and tsunamis. This vulnerability allows the liquefaction phenomenon when an earthquake occurs. Factors affecting liquefaction are soil type, grain grading, ground water level, relative density and vibration. This study aims to analyze the liquefaction potential based on the value of safety factors obtained by using the Seed et al (1985) method and the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) method which aims to map the liquefaction based on the level of liquefaction potential at the location being reviewed. Earthquake data is using the Indonesia meterological, climatology, and geophysics agency (BMKG) (2009-2019) and maximum ground surface acceleration (PGA) using the attenuation equation from Young et al. The liquefaction calculation parameters are judged by a safety factor (FS), if FS> 1 it means there is no potential for liquefaction and if FS <1 means there is potentially liquefaction possibility. Based on calculations from these methods, the results obtained from the ten location points reviewed were almost all sites potentially liquefaction based on variations in earthquake magnitude with sand and silt soil types and other types of soil with an average groundwater level below 1.5m.
{"title":"AN EVALUATION OF LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL IN THE REGION OF PADANG CITY","authors":"I. Farni","doi":"10.37037/jrftsp.v11i1.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37037/jrftsp.v11i1.81","url":null,"abstract":"Padang City is a city located on the Coastline of West Sumatra Coast that is vulnerable to earthquakes and tsunamis. This vulnerability allows the liquefaction phenomenon when an earthquake occurs. Factors affecting liquefaction are soil type, grain grading, ground water level, relative density and vibration. This study aims to analyze the liquefaction potential based on the value of safety factors obtained by using the Seed et al (1985) method and the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) method which aims to map the liquefaction based on the level of liquefaction potential at the location being reviewed. Earthquake data is using the Indonesia meterological, climatology, and geophysics agency (BMKG) (2009-2019) and maximum ground surface acceleration (PGA) using the attenuation equation from Young et al. The liquefaction calculation parameters are judged by a safety factor (FS), if FS> 1 it means there is no potential for liquefaction and if FS <1 means there is potentially liquefaction possibility. Based on calculations from these methods, the results obtained from the ten location points reviewed were almost all sites potentially liquefaction based on variations in earthquake magnitude with sand and silt soil types and other types of soil with an average groundwater level below 1.5m.","PeriodicalId":17711,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Rekayasa Proses","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75131845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.37037/jrftsp.v12i1.128
Tomi Eriawan, Ezra Aditia, Radhy Jufista Bahri
Pada koridor Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan merupakan kawasan strategis mudah dijangkau oleh masyarakat diseluruh kelurahan pada Kecamatan Padang Timur Kota Padang, sehingga menjadi jalan dengan rutinitas pejalan kaki yang cukup aktif karena koridor Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan didominasi oleh kawasan kesehatan, pertokoan, pendidikan, dan perumahan yang menjadi pusat keramaian. Sehingga perlu pemecahan permasalahan-permasalahan Jalur Pedestrian pada Koridor Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan yang tidak sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri no 03 Tahun 2014, serta Standar/kebijakan/pedoman/dan teori yang berkaitan. Pada tahap pengumpulan data metode yang digunakan yaitu survey primer dan survey sekunder. Sedangkan metode analisis yang digunakan dalam Usulan Penataan Jalur Pedestrian Pada Koridor Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan adalah dengan menggunakan analisis kriteria terukur dan membandingkan dengan Peraturan Menteri no 03 Tahun 2014 serta Standar kebijakan penataan ruang yang berlaku lainnya, dan mencari kebutuhan lebar jalur pedestrian menggunakan rumus ketetapan dari Peraturan Menteri no 03 tahun 2014. Maka pada koridor Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan terdapat usulan penataan dimana hasil dari keseluruhan analisis sebagian besar perlu disesuaikan dengan standar yang berkaitan dengan penyediaan dan pengembangan sarana dan prasarana jalur pedestrian sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri no 03 tahun 2014 diantaranya yaitu ruang jalur pedestrian, lampu penerangan, tempat sampah, bolar, jalur hijau, papan informasi dan reklame
{"title":"Usulan Penataan Jalur Pedestrian Koridor Perintis Kemerdekaan Kota Padang","authors":"Tomi Eriawan, Ezra Aditia, Radhy Jufista Bahri","doi":"10.37037/jrftsp.v12i1.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37037/jrftsp.v12i1.128","url":null,"abstract":"Pada koridor Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan merupakan kawasan strategis mudah dijangkau oleh masyarakat diseluruh kelurahan pada Kecamatan Padang Timur Kota Padang, sehingga menjadi jalan dengan rutinitas pejalan kaki yang cukup aktif karena koridor Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan didominasi oleh kawasan kesehatan, pertokoan, pendidikan, dan perumahan yang menjadi pusat keramaian. Sehingga perlu pemecahan permasalahan-permasalahan Jalur Pedestrian pada Koridor Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan yang tidak sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri no 03 Tahun 2014, serta Standar/kebijakan/pedoman/dan teori yang berkaitan. Pada tahap pengumpulan data metode yang digunakan yaitu survey primer dan survey sekunder. Sedangkan metode analisis yang digunakan dalam Usulan Penataan Jalur Pedestrian Pada Koridor Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan adalah dengan menggunakan analisis kriteria terukur dan membandingkan dengan Peraturan Menteri no 03 Tahun 2014 serta Standar kebijakan penataan ruang yang berlaku lainnya, dan mencari kebutuhan lebar jalur pedestrian menggunakan rumus ketetapan dari Peraturan Menteri no 03 tahun 2014. Maka pada koridor Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan terdapat usulan penataan dimana hasil dari keseluruhan analisis sebagian besar perlu disesuaikan dengan standar yang berkaitan dengan penyediaan dan pengembangan sarana dan prasarana jalur pedestrian sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri no 03 tahun 2014 diantaranya yaitu ruang jalur pedestrian, lampu penerangan, tempat sampah, bolar, jalur hijau, papan informasi dan reklame","PeriodicalId":17711,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Rekayasa Proses","volume":"16 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87082685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dwi Ardiana Setyawardhani, Thufeil 'Ammar, Yusuf Ammar
ABSTRACTAn oxidation stability is very important for a long-term storage of biodiesel. Some physical (density and viscosity) and chemical properties (acid value, iodine value, and peroxide value) were analyzed to predict the oxidation stability for biodiesel produced from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO). WCO is one of the potential feedstocks in Indonesia, which is a large cooking oil consumer. Biodiesel from WCO was produced by transesterification process in 60 oC temperature for one hour reaction time. Methanol was added in 4:1 (v/v) ratio of WCO with 2% potassium hydroxide as a catalyst. This study observed the influence of tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), a synthetic antioxidant, on the oxidation stability of biodiesel. TBHQ was used as an antioxidant agent to prevent biodiesel oxidation for such long-term storage. It was blended with biodiesel at various concentrations (0-1200 ppm). Samples were taken every week to measure the density, viscosity, acid value, iodine value (IV) and peroxide value (PV) during the storage process of the biodiesel blends which was conducted for 4 weeks. The experimental results revealed that an improvement in oxidation stability was achieved in all TBHQ concentrations. All parameters meet Indonesia’s National Standards (SNI) for biodiesel added with TBHQ up to 1200 ppm. Biodiesel which was treated with 1200 ppm of TBHQ provided the best result, due to its density, viscosity, IV, and PV. However, TBHQ addition was did not affect the free fatty acid and acid number for 4 weeks of storage.Keywords: antioxidant; biodiesel; oxidation stability; waste cooking oilABSTRAKKetahanan oksidasi merupakan karakteristik yang sangat penting dalam penyimpanan biodiesel. Penelitian ini menganalisis sifat-sifat fisis (densitas dan viskositas) serta sifat-sifat kimia (angka asam, angka iod dan angka peroksida) biodiesel minyak jelantah untuk memperkirakan ketahanannya terhadap pengaruh oksidasi. Minyak jelantah merupakan salah satu bahan baku biodiesel yang sangat potensial di Indonesia, karena kapasitas penggunaannya yang cukup besar. Biodiesel minyak jelantah dihasilkan dengan transesterifikasi pada suhu 60 oC selama 1 jam. Metanol yang ditambahkan dalam reaksi ini menggunakan perbandingan volume 4:1, dengan katalis KOH sebanyak 2% berat minyak. Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) terhadap ketahanan oksidasi biodiesel minyak jelantah. TBHQ digunakan sebagai antioksidan dalam penyimpanan biodiesel jangka panjang. TBHQ dicampurkan ke dalam biodiesel dengan variasi konsentrasi 0-1200 ppm. Ketahanan oksidasi dipelajari selama masa simpan 4 minggu. Sampel dianalisis densitas, viskositas, angka asam, angka iod dan angka peroksida setiap minggu. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ketahanan oksidasi biodiesel minyak jelantah telah memenuhi SNI pada semua konsentrasi TBHQ. Hasil terbaik diberikan oleh biodiesel jelantah yang ditambahkan 1200 ppm TBHQ, menilik dari nilai densitas, viskositas, angka peroksida dan
{"title":"Tertiary butylhydroquinone influence over oxidation stability of biodiesel from waste cooking oil","authors":"Dwi Ardiana Setyawardhani, Thufeil 'Ammar, Yusuf Ammar","doi":"10.22146/jrekpros.67177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.67177","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTAn oxidation stability is very important for a long-term storage of biodiesel. Some physical (density and viscosity) and chemical properties (acid value, iodine value, and peroxide value) were analyzed to predict the oxidation stability for biodiesel produced from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO). WCO is one of the potential feedstocks in Indonesia, which is a large cooking oil consumer. Biodiesel from WCO was produced by transesterification process in 60 oC temperature for one hour reaction time. Methanol was added in 4:1 (v/v) ratio of WCO with 2% potassium hydroxide as a catalyst. This study observed the influence of tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), a synthetic antioxidant, on the oxidation stability of biodiesel. TBHQ was used as an antioxidant agent to prevent biodiesel oxidation for such long-term storage. It was blended with biodiesel at various concentrations (0-1200 ppm). Samples were taken every week to measure the density, viscosity, acid value, iodine value (IV) and peroxide value (PV) during the storage process of the biodiesel blends which was conducted for 4 weeks. The experimental results revealed that an improvement in oxidation stability was achieved in all TBHQ concentrations. All parameters meet Indonesia’s National Standards (SNI) for biodiesel added with TBHQ up to 1200 ppm. Biodiesel which was treated with 1200 ppm of TBHQ provided the best result, due to its density, viscosity, IV, and PV. However, TBHQ addition was did not affect the free fatty acid and acid number for 4 weeks of storage.Keywords: antioxidant; biodiesel; oxidation stability; waste cooking oilABSTRAKKetahanan oksidasi merupakan karakteristik yang sangat penting dalam penyimpanan biodiesel. Penelitian ini menganalisis sifat-sifat fisis (densitas dan viskositas) serta sifat-sifat kimia (angka asam, angka iod dan angka peroksida) biodiesel minyak jelantah untuk memperkirakan ketahanannya terhadap pengaruh oksidasi. Minyak jelantah merupakan salah satu bahan baku biodiesel yang sangat potensial di Indonesia, karena kapasitas penggunaannya yang cukup besar. Biodiesel minyak jelantah dihasilkan dengan transesterifikasi pada suhu 60 oC selama 1 jam. Metanol yang ditambahkan dalam reaksi ini menggunakan perbandingan volume 4:1, dengan katalis KOH sebanyak 2% berat minyak. Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) terhadap ketahanan oksidasi biodiesel minyak jelantah. TBHQ digunakan sebagai antioksidan dalam penyimpanan biodiesel jangka panjang. TBHQ dicampurkan ke dalam biodiesel dengan variasi konsentrasi 0-1200 ppm. Ketahanan oksidasi dipelajari selama masa simpan 4 minggu. Sampel dianalisis densitas, viskositas, angka asam, angka iod dan angka peroksida setiap minggu. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ketahanan oksidasi biodiesel minyak jelantah telah memenuhi SNI pada semua konsentrasi TBHQ. Hasil terbaik diberikan oleh biodiesel jelantah yang ditambahkan 1200 ppm TBHQ, menilik dari nilai densitas, viskositas, angka peroksida dan ","PeriodicalId":17711,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Rekayasa Proses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46326440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agung Nugroho, Nur Layli Amanah, Revo Gilang Firdaus
A B S T R A C TMango peel waste which has a carbon functional group was converted to activated carbon. The as-synthesized activated carbon (AC) was then utilized as an adsorbent for batik waste which contains heavy metal substances such as Fe2+. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum process variation in absorbing heavy metal ion Fe contained in batik waste. Four variation methods of activated carbon synthesis were explored to determine the most suitable method of AC synthesis. The results showed that the sample synthesized using a combination physical-chemical-physical process was the best process variation resulting in percentage removal of Fe2+ of 84.81%. FTIR showed that the functional groups in mango peel were visible for all variations of the process, namely hydroxyl (-OH) derived from cellulose and hemicellulose and carboxyl (-COOH) derived from pectin. The adsorption study showed that the most suitable isotherm for all process variations was Langmuir with an R2 value of 0.9999 for the MPAC-4 sample. The adsorption mechanism is physisorption with a value of E < 8 kJ/mol based on the D-R isotherm and has the largest adsorption capacity of Qmax 8.2 mg/g.Keywords: batik waste; adsorption; activated carbon; iron waste; mango peelABSTRAKLimbah kulit mangga yang memiliki gugus fungsi karbon dapat dikonversi menjadi karbon aktif. Karbon aktif hasil sintesis (AC) tersebut selanjutnya dimanfaatkan sebagai adsorben limbah batik yang mengandung zat logam berat seperti Fe2+. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui variasi proses optimum dalam menyerap ion logam berat Fe yang terkandung dalam limbah batik. Terdapat 4 variasi metode sintesis karbon aktif yang diteliti untuk menentukan metode sintesis AC yang paling cocok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampel yang disintesis menggunakan kombinasi proses fisika-kimia-fisika merupakan variasi proses terbaik dengan persentase penyisihan Fe2+ sebesar 84,81%. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan bahwa gugus fungsi pada kulit mangga terlihat untuk semua variasi proses, yaitu hidroksil (-OH) yang berasal dari selulosa dan hemiselulosa dan karboksil (-COOH) yang berasal dari pektin. Studi adsorpsi menunjukkan bahwa isoterm yang paling cocok untuk semua variasi proses adalah Langmuir dengan nilai R2 = 0,9999 untuk sampel MPAC-4. Mekanisme adsorpsi adalah fisisorpsi dengan nilai E < 8 kJ/mol berdasarkan isoterm DR dan memiliki kapasitas adsorpsi terbesar Qmax 8,2 mg/g.Kata kunci: limbah batik; adsorpsi; karbon aktif; limbah besi; kulit mangga
将具有碳官能团的B S T R A C TMango果皮废料转化为活性炭。然后将合成的活性炭(AC)用作含有重金属物质如Fe2+的蜡染废物的吸附剂。本研究的目的是确定吸收蜡染废料中重金属离子Fe的最佳工艺变化。探讨了活性炭合成的四种不同方法,以确定最合适的AC合成方法。结果表明,采用物理-化学-物理组合工艺合成的样品是最佳的工艺变化,Fe2+的去除率为84.81%。FTIR表明,在工艺的所有变化中,芒果皮中的官能团都是可见的,即纤维素和半纤维素衍生的羟基(-OH)和果胶衍生的羧基(-COOH)。吸附研究表明,对于所有工艺变化,最合适的等温线是Langmuir,MPAC-4样品的R2值为0.9999。吸附机理为物理吸附,基于D-R等温线,E值<8kJ/mol,最大吸附量为Qmax 8.2 mg/g。关键词:蜡染废料吸附;活性炭;铁废料;芒果皮ABSTRAKLimba具有衰变碳功能的芒果皮可以转化为活性碳。然后将活性炭合成结果(AC)用作含有重金属物质如Fe2+的分批废弃吸附剂。本研究的目的是了解吸收特技废物中重金属离子Fe的过程的最佳变化。研究了活性炭合成方法的4种变体,以确定最合适的AC合成方法。研究表明,使用物理-化学-物理过程的组合合成的样品是该过程的最佳变体,Fe2+的百分比分布为84.81%。FTIR分析表明,对于所有工艺变化,即源自纤维素和半纤维素的羟基(-OH)和源自果胶的羧基(-COOH),锰皮上的真菌耗竭都是可见的。吸附研究表明,对于MPAC-4样品,最适合所有工艺变化的同位素是Langmuir,R2=0.9999。吸附机理是基于等规DR的E<8kJ/mol的非吸附,具有最大的吸附容量Qmax 8.2 mg/g。关键词:间歇废物;吸附;活性炭;废铁;锰皮
{"title":"Adsorption study of mango peel activated carbon as iron removal for batik waste industry","authors":"Agung Nugroho, Nur Layli Amanah, Revo Gilang Firdaus","doi":"10.22146/jrekpros.69404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.69404","url":null,"abstract":"A B S T R A C TMango peel waste which has a carbon functional group was converted to activated carbon. The as-synthesized activated carbon (AC) was then utilized as an adsorbent for batik waste which contains heavy metal substances such as Fe2+. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum process variation in absorbing heavy metal ion Fe contained in batik waste. Four variation methods of activated carbon synthesis were explored to determine the most suitable method of AC synthesis. The results showed that the sample synthesized using a combination physical-chemical-physical process was the best process variation resulting in percentage removal of Fe2+ of 84.81%. FTIR showed that the functional groups in mango peel were visible for all variations of the process, namely hydroxyl (-OH) derived from cellulose and hemicellulose and carboxyl (-COOH) derived from pectin. The adsorption study showed that the most suitable isotherm for all process variations was Langmuir with an R2 value of 0.9999 for the MPAC-4 sample. The adsorption mechanism is physisorption with a value of E < 8 kJ/mol based on the D-R isotherm and has the largest adsorption capacity of Qmax 8.2 mg/g.Keywords: batik waste; adsorption; activated carbon; iron waste; mango peelABSTRAKLimbah kulit mangga yang memiliki gugus fungsi karbon dapat dikonversi menjadi karbon aktif. Karbon aktif hasil sintesis (AC) tersebut selanjutnya dimanfaatkan sebagai adsorben limbah batik yang mengandung zat logam berat seperti Fe2+. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui variasi proses optimum dalam menyerap ion logam berat Fe yang terkandung dalam limbah batik. Terdapat 4 variasi metode sintesis karbon aktif yang diteliti untuk menentukan metode sintesis AC yang paling cocok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampel yang disintesis menggunakan kombinasi proses fisika-kimia-fisika merupakan variasi proses terbaik dengan persentase penyisihan Fe2+ sebesar 84,81%. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan bahwa gugus fungsi pada kulit mangga terlihat untuk semua variasi proses, yaitu hidroksil (-OH) yang berasal dari selulosa dan hemiselulosa dan karboksil (-COOH) yang berasal dari pektin. Studi adsorpsi menunjukkan bahwa isoterm yang paling cocok untuk semua variasi proses adalah Langmuir dengan nilai R2 = 0,9999 untuk sampel MPAC-4. Mekanisme adsorpsi adalah fisisorpsi dengan nilai E < 8 kJ/mol berdasarkan isoterm DR dan memiliki kapasitas adsorpsi terbesar Qmax 8,2 mg/g.Kata kunci: limbah batik; adsorpsi; karbon aktif; limbah besi; kulit mangga","PeriodicalId":17711,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Rekayasa Proses","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41828745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deni Frans Sakka, Salsabilla Fitri Millenia, I. D. Prijambada
A B S T R A C TPalm oil mill effluent (POME) is wastewater with high organic matter, the raw material of biogas production through anaerobic digestion. In anaerobic digestion, the washout effect frequently becomes a problem, along with the increasing organic loading rate (OLR) in a continuous system. Therefore, the addition of immobilization media was carried out to reduce this risk. This study aims to evaluate the effect of immobilization media type and arrangement on the performance of thermophilic anaerobic digestion of POME. Two immobilization media were evaluated,i.e., carbon fiber textile (CFT) media and natural zeolite particles. The anaerobic process performance was determined by measuring the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD), and methane (CH4) yield. This study indicated that the immobilization media led to higher CH4 yields than the reactor without immobilization media. The CH4 yield of the reactor with natural zeolite was 0.3487 L/g sCOD, 0.3050 L/g sCOD in the reactor with CFT media, and 0.2873 L/g sCOD in the reactor without immobilization media. In addition, only natural zeolite can maintain reactor performance when the temperature accidentally increased with a recovery period of 14 days.Keywords: anaerobic digestion; biogas; carbon fiber textile; natural zeolite; POME.ABSTRAKPalm oil mill effluent (POME) merupakan limbah cair dengan kandungan organik yang tinggi sebagai bahan baku produksi biogas melalui peruraian anaerob. Dalam peruraian anaerob, efek washout selalu menjadi masalah seiring dengan meningkatnya organic loading rate (OLR) pada sistem kontinu. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penambahan media imobilisasi untuk mengurangi risiko tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh jenis dan pengaturan media imobilisasi terhadap kinerja peruraian anaerob termofilik POME. Dua media imobilisasi yang diuji yaitu media jenis carbon fiber textile (CFT) dan media berupa partikel zeolit alam. Kinerja proses anaerob ditentukan dengan mengukur konsentrasi asam lemak volatil (VFA), soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) dan yield metana (CH4). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa reaktor dengan media imobilisasi menghasilkan yield CH4 yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan reaktor tanpa media imobilisasi. Yield CH4 reaktor dengan zeolit alam sebesar 0,3487 L/g sCOD, 0,3050 L/g sCOD pada reaktor dengan media CFT dan 0,2873 L/g sCOD pada reaktor tanpa media imobilisasi. Selain itu, hanya zeolit alam yang dapat mempertahankan performa reaktor saat mengalami gangguan peningkatan suhu secara tiba-tiba dengan masa recovery selama 14 hari. Kata kunci: biogas; carbon fiber textile; peruraian anaerobic; POME; zeolit alam.
A B S T R A C TPalm炼油厂废水(POME)是一种高有机物废水,是通过厌氧消化生产沼气的原料。在厌氧消化中,随着连续系统中有机负荷率(OLR)的增加,冲刷效应经常成为一个问题。因此,添加固定化介质是为了降低这种风险。本研究旨在评估固定化介质类型和排列对聚甲醛高温厌氧消化性能的影响。评估了两种固定化介质,即碳纤维织物(CFT)介质和天然沸石颗粒。厌氧过程的性能是通过测量挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)的浓度、可溶性化学需氧量(sCOD)和甲烷(CH4)产量来确定的。该研究表明,固定化介质比没有固定化介质的反应器导致更高的CH4产率。具有天然沸石的反应器的CH4产率为0.3487L/g sCOD,在具有CFT介质的反应器中为0.3050L/g sCOD.在没有固定化介质的反应中为0.2873L/g sCOD。此外,当温度意外升高,恢复期为14天时,只有天然沸石才能保持反应器性能。关键词:厌氧消化;沼气;碳纤维纺织品;天然沸石;POME.ABSTRAKPalm炼油厂废水(POME)是一种高浓度的有机物,通过厌氧生物生产沼气。在缺氧的情况下,每次冲洗都会增加系统的有机负荷率(OLR)。因此,我们需要加强媒体的动员,以减少这种风险。本研究旨在评估POME厌氧动力学条件下的微生物种类和培养基的稳定性。碳纤维纺织品(CFT)的两种媒介和一种由塑料制成的媒介。厌氧工艺的关键在于提高挥发性有机物(VFA)、可溶性化学需氧量(sCOD)和甲烷(CH4)的浓度。这项研究表明,与启动介质相比,启动介质的破胶剂产生的CH4产量更高。CH4破胶剂的产量为03487 L/g sCOD,在破胶剂和CFT介质中为03050 L/g sCOD.在破胶器和初始介质中为02873 L/g sCOD。此外,只有那些能够在14个小时内恢复健康的情况下,在未来几年内保持良好表现的人。Kata-kunci:沼气;碳纤维纺织品;peruraian厌氧;柚子;zeolit alam。
{"title":"Perbandingan jenis media imobilisasi terhadap kinerja proses peruraian anaerob termofilik palm oil mill effluent","authors":"Deni Frans Sakka, Salsabilla Fitri Millenia, I. D. Prijambada","doi":"10.22146/jrekpros.69582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.69582","url":null,"abstract":"A B S T R A C TPalm oil mill effluent (POME) is wastewater with high organic matter, the raw material of biogas production through anaerobic digestion. In anaerobic digestion, the washout effect frequently becomes a problem, along with the increasing organic loading rate (OLR) in a continuous system. Therefore, the addition of immobilization media was carried out to reduce this risk. This study aims to evaluate the effect of immobilization media type and arrangement on the performance of thermophilic anaerobic digestion of POME. Two immobilization media were evaluated,i.e., carbon fiber textile (CFT) media and natural zeolite particles. The anaerobic process performance was determined by measuring the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD), and methane (CH4) yield. This study indicated that the immobilization media led to higher CH4 yields than the reactor without immobilization media. The CH4 yield of the reactor with natural zeolite was 0.3487 L/g sCOD, 0.3050 L/g sCOD in the reactor with CFT media, and 0.2873 L/g sCOD in the reactor without immobilization media. In addition, only natural zeolite can maintain reactor performance when the temperature accidentally increased with a recovery period of 14 days.Keywords: anaerobic digestion; biogas; carbon fiber textile; natural zeolite; POME.ABSTRAKPalm oil mill effluent (POME) merupakan limbah cair dengan kandungan organik yang tinggi sebagai bahan baku produksi biogas melalui peruraian anaerob. Dalam peruraian anaerob, efek washout selalu menjadi masalah seiring dengan meningkatnya organic loading rate (OLR) pada sistem kontinu. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penambahan media imobilisasi untuk mengurangi risiko tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh jenis dan pengaturan media imobilisasi terhadap kinerja peruraian anaerob termofilik POME. Dua media imobilisasi yang diuji yaitu media jenis carbon fiber textile (CFT) dan media berupa partikel zeolit alam. Kinerja proses anaerob ditentukan dengan mengukur konsentrasi asam lemak volatil (VFA), soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) dan yield metana (CH4). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa reaktor dengan media imobilisasi menghasilkan yield CH4 yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan reaktor tanpa media imobilisasi. Yield CH4 reaktor dengan zeolit alam sebesar 0,3487 L/g sCOD, 0,3050 L/g sCOD pada reaktor dengan media CFT dan 0,2873 L/g sCOD pada reaktor tanpa media imobilisasi. Selain itu, hanya zeolit alam yang dapat mempertahankan performa reaktor saat mengalami gangguan peningkatan suhu secara tiba-tiba dengan masa recovery selama 14 hari. Kata kunci: biogas; carbon fiber textile; peruraian anaerobic; POME; zeolit alam.","PeriodicalId":17711,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Rekayasa Proses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41983714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dwi Agus Dermawan, Reno Imam Arthapersada, Muhammad Kurniawan Adiputra, Indra P Hakim, Imam Karfendi Putro, Rochim Bakti Cahyono
A B S T R A KMetanol sebagai salah satu bahan kimia dasar dapat digunakan secara langsung sebagai campuran bahan bakar untuk internal combustion engines atau bahan baku antara (intermediate chemicals) untuk memproduksi beragam bahan kimia penting seperti formaldehyde, asam asetat, dimethyl ether (DME), dan methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). PT. KMI memproduksi metanol dengan bahan baku gas alam melalui proses steam reforming. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan produk yang berkualitas dan proses produksi yang efisien, dibutuhkan metana yang terbebas dari pengotor sulfur. Untuk itu diperlukan unit desulfurizer berupa fixed bed berisi katalis CoMo pada unit 010-D03 dan adsorben penjerap sulfur pada unit 010-D01. Pada tahun 2019 telah dilakukan penggantian katalis 3 in 1 yang mampu menghilangkan sulfur dalam satu tangki fixed bed (010-D01). Berdasarkan data dari logbook operasi pabrik berupa pressure drop, flowrate, suhu, dan komposisi dilakukan evaluasi penghematan energi dan keselamatan dari modifikasi ini. Penggantian katalis baru pada tangki 010-D01 yang memungkinkan tangki CoMo dioperasikan dalam kondisi kosong sehingga mengurangi pressure drop di dalam sistem. Adanya penurunan pressure drop mengakibatkan konsumsi steam pada kompresor NG menjadi berkurang sehingga didapatkan penghematan energi sebesar 379 kg/jam yang setara dengan 40913 USD/tahun atau 8545 MMBtu/tahun. Untuk menjamin keselamatan dari modifikasi, dilakukan evaluasi terhadap potensi deflagration-detonation dan api menggunakan komponen segitiga api. Berdasarkan parameter keberadaan oksigen, diagram flammability, dan autoignition temperature, modifikasi yang mengoperasikan tangki 010-D03 dalam kondisi kosong, aman dari bahaya terbentuknya api dan ledakan. Dengan demikian, modifikasi penggantian katalis dan pengosongan tangki 010-D03 terkonfirmasi meningkatkan efisiensi energi dan menghemat pemakaian sumber daya alam, sehingga mendorong aplikasi nyata sustainable development di dunia industri. Kata kunci: CoMo katalis; energi kompresi; unit desulfurizer; pressure dropABSTRACT As one of the essential chemicals, methanol can be used directly as fuel mixer for internal combustion engines or intermediate chemicals which can be utilized to produce various final chemicals such as formaldehyde, acetate acid, dimethyl ether (DME), dan methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). PT. KMI produces methanol based on natural gas through steam reforming process. The study aims to get good product quality and efficient process production, the raw material of methane should be avoided from any impurities, especially sulphur. To get those target, PT. KMI installed desulfurizer unit that consist of CoMo fixed bed catalyst on 010-D03 unit and adsorbent on 010-D01 unit. As improvement on 2019, the engineer found the 3 in 1 catalyst which success to preclude the sulphur trace element in the one vessel of 010-D01 unit. Based on the logbook data from plant operation such as pressure drop, flowrate, temper
作为一种基本化学物质的B S T R A A KMetanol可以直接作为一种内部燃烧的燃料或成分的混合物,用于生产甲醛、醋酸、二甲乙乙(DME)和苯基甲基乙醇(MTBE)等重要化学物质。PT. KMI通过改革过程用天然气原料生产甲醇。这项研究的目标是获得高质量的产品和有效的生产过程,这需要不含硫杂质的甲烷。需要一个导火索调配床,在010-D03单元输入CoMo, 010-D01单元添加硫磺。到2019年已经更换了3个1的催化剂,能够在一个修复床(010-D01)中去除硫。基于工厂操作日志的数据,工厂的压力下降、浮动率、温度和组成对这些变化的节约能源和安全进行了评估。在010-D01槽中更换新催化剂,使CoMo tank在空状态下运行,从而降低系统中的压力下降。低压下降导致NG压缩机的消耗量下降,因此节省了379公斤/小时的能源,相当于每年40913美元/ 8545 MMBtu/年。为了确保修改的安全,使用火的三角形部件对潜在的爆炸爆炸和火灾进行了评估。根据氧的存在参数、火焰燃烧图和自身温度,运行010-D03油箱的改装是空的,远离火灾和爆炸的危险。因此,对催化剂更换和储罐010-D03的确认提高了能源效率和节约了自然资源,促进了真正的工业发展应用。关键词:CoMo催化剂;压缩能量;desulfurizer单位;酒精化学之一的冲击,甲烷可以作为内部燃烧的化学搅拌机直接使用,这种化学可以将其作为甲醛、乙酸、二甲乙乙(DME)和苯基乙醇乙醚(MTBE)等产品重新生产。PT. KMI product methanol基于自然气体通过修改流程。研究是为了获得良好的产品质量和效率,这是一种未经混合的甲烷材料,尤其是硫化物。为了达到这些目标,PT. KMI安装了adlyst考虑到adlyst在010-D03单元,并且adsorbent在010-D01单元。在2019年的改进中,工程师们在加泰罗亚星上找到了3个1中的3个,这3个成功地在010-拜尔的一艘船中找到了追踪硫化物的元素。基于这样一种压力下降、浮动速率、温度和气体组合的数据日志,可以表明对这些修改的能量消耗和安全水平的评估。替换系统使用010-D01单元允许系统运行CoMo vessel (010-D03),同时存在存在于系统中的一个沉降压力。基于压力的衰退,为运行NG压缩器而冒的蒸汽消耗消耗了大约379公斤的能量储存,这些能量等于每年40913美元或8545 MMBtu/year的差额。为了确保这种修改的安全,消防和潜在引爆的评估正在使用三角形图进行。基于氧、火焰地区和自身温度的扩散,以及010-D01单位的改装,而泄漏的010-D03单位是安全的,不受火焰和伤害。在此之前,通过catalast replaces进行的修改可以增加在工业部门进行可持续发展的能源和自然资源。密码:压缩能量;desulfurizer单位;压力下降
{"title":"Efisiensi energi dan evaluasi keselamatan pada modifikasi penggantian katalis unit Desulfurizer di PT. Kaltim Methanol Industri (KMI), Bontang, Indonesia","authors":"Dwi Agus Dermawan, Reno Imam Arthapersada, Muhammad Kurniawan Adiputra, Indra P Hakim, Imam Karfendi Putro, Rochim Bakti Cahyono","doi":"10.22146/jrekpros.68759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.68759","url":null,"abstract":"A B S T R A KMetanol sebagai salah satu bahan kimia dasar dapat digunakan secara langsung sebagai campuran bahan bakar untuk internal combustion engines atau bahan baku antara (intermediate chemicals) untuk memproduksi beragam bahan kimia penting seperti formaldehyde, asam asetat, dimethyl ether (DME), dan methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). PT. KMI memproduksi metanol dengan bahan baku gas alam melalui proses steam reforming. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan produk yang berkualitas dan proses produksi yang efisien, dibutuhkan metana yang terbebas dari pengotor sulfur. Untuk itu diperlukan unit desulfurizer berupa fixed bed berisi katalis CoMo pada unit 010-D03 dan adsorben penjerap sulfur pada unit 010-D01. Pada tahun 2019 telah dilakukan penggantian katalis 3 in 1 yang mampu menghilangkan sulfur dalam satu tangki fixed bed (010-D01). Berdasarkan data dari logbook operasi pabrik berupa pressure drop, flowrate, suhu, dan komposisi dilakukan evaluasi penghematan energi dan keselamatan dari modifikasi ini. Penggantian katalis baru pada tangki 010-D01 yang memungkinkan tangki CoMo dioperasikan dalam kondisi kosong sehingga mengurangi pressure drop di dalam sistem. Adanya penurunan pressure drop mengakibatkan konsumsi steam pada kompresor NG menjadi berkurang sehingga didapatkan penghematan energi sebesar 379 kg/jam yang setara dengan 40913 USD/tahun atau 8545 MMBtu/tahun. Untuk menjamin keselamatan dari modifikasi, dilakukan evaluasi terhadap potensi deflagration-detonation dan api menggunakan komponen segitiga api. Berdasarkan parameter keberadaan oksigen, diagram flammability, dan autoignition temperature, modifikasi yang mengoperasikan tangki 010-D03 dalam kondisi kosong, aman dari bahaya terbentuknya api dan ledakan. Dengan demikian, modifikasi penggantian katalis dan pengosongan tangki 010-D03 terkonfirmasi meningkatkan efisiensi energi dan menghemat pemakaian sumber daya alam, sehingga mendorong aplikasi nyata sustainable development di dunia industri. Kata kunci: CoMo katalis; energi kompresi; unit desulfurizer; pressure dropABSTRACT As one of the essential chemicals, methanol can be used directly as fuel mixer for internal combustion engines or intermediate chemicals which can be utilized to produce various final chemicals such as formaldehyde, acetate acid, dimethyl ether (DME), dan methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). PT. KMI produces methanol based on natural gas through steam reforming process. The study aims to get good product quality and efficient process production, the raw material of methane should be avoided from any impurities, especially sulphur. To get those target, PT. KMI installed desulfurizer unit that consist of CoMo fixed bed catalyst on 010-D03 unit and adsorbent on 010-D01 unit. As improvement on 2019, the engineer found the 3 in 1 catalyst which success to preclude the sulphur trace element in the one vessel of 010-D01 unit. Based on the logbook data from plant operation such as pressure drop, flowrate, temper","PeriodicalId":17711,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Rekayasa Proses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44164382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Rahayuningsih, Taranipa Marfitania, Mukmin Sapto Pamungkas, M. S. Pamungkas, Wachid Siti Fatimah, Wachid Siti Fatimah
A B S T R A C TEfforts to substitute synthetic dyes on fabrics for natural dyes are currently increasing. Research and innovation are extremely needed to support those attempts so that the quality of natural dyes is more competitive than synthetic dyes. This study aims to optimize the dyeing parameters of cotton fabrics using natural dye extracts derived from the barks of Tegeran (Cudrania javanensis), Merbau (Intsia bijuga), Tingi (Ceriops tagal), and Jambal (Peltophorum pterocarpum), as well as Jolawe (Terminalia bellirica) fruit peel. Varied dyeing parameters included dye concentration, dyeing time and temperature, and material to liquor ratio (MLR). The fixative solutions used were alum, lime, and iron (II) sulfate. The optimized parameters were based on the values of color depth and evenness, measured colorimetrically. Furthermore, the obtained results of the dyeing process under optimized conditions were analyzed for color quality by measuring color coordinates as well as the values of color strength (K/S), washing fastness, and light fastness. The results showed that the optimal dyeing conditions for all natural dye extracts used were the code A extract concentrations (0.0113 g/mL of Tegeran; 0.0115 g/mL of Merbau; 0.0204 g/mL of Jambal; and 0.0582 g/mL of Jolawe), dyeing at 28°C, dyeing time of 30 minutes, and the MLR of 1:30. The resulting color variations were brown, gray, and golden yellow for the Tegeran extract with alum fixative. The highest K/S value was 5.56 for the fabric dyed in Tegeran extract with iron (II) sulfate fixative solution. The washing fastness values for Merbau, Tingi, Jambal, and Jolawe were 3-4 (fairly good) to 4-5 (excellent). Meanwhile, the light fastness values for all dyes were between 4 (good) and 5 (excellent). Overall, the standard procedure for cotton fabric dyeing that meets the minimum standards for textile products is obtained.Keywords: cotton fabric; color quality; natural dyes; optimization; standard procedure for dyeingA B S T R A KUsaha substitusi penggunaan pewarna sintetis pada kain dengan pewarna alami semakin meningkat belakangan ini. Hal ini perlu didukung dengan penelitian dan inovasi agar kualitas pewarna alami lebih kompetitif terhadap pewarna sintetis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan parameter pewarnaan kain katun dengan ekstrak pewarna alami dari kulit kayu Tegeran (Cudrania javanensis), Merbau (Intsia bijuga), Tingi (Ceriops tagal), Jambal (Peltophorum pterocarpum), dan kulit buah Jolawe (Terminalia bellirica). Parameter pewarnaan yang divariasikan antara lain konsentrasi pewarna, waktu dan suhu pewarnaan, serta rasio kain dengan volume larutan fiksator. Larutan fiksator yang digunakan adalah tawas, kapur, dan tunjung. Paramater terikat yang dioptimasikan didasarkan pada nilai ketuaan dan kerataan warna yang diukur secara kolorimetri. Selanjutnya hasil pewarnaan dengan kondisi yang teroptimasi dianalisis kualitas warna melalui pengukuran koordinat warna, nilai kekuatan warna
{"title":"Optimization of cotton fabrics dyeing process using various natural dye extracts","authors":"E. Rahayuningsih, Taranipa Marfitania, Mukmin Sapto Pamungkas, M. S. Pamungkas, Wachid Siti Fatimah, Wachid Siti Fatimah","doi":"10.22146/jrekpros.70397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.70397","url":null,"abstract":"A B S T R A C TEfforts to substitute synthetic dyes on fabrics for natural dyes are currently increasing. Research and innovation are extremely needed to support those attempts so that the quality of natural dyes is more competitive than synthetic dyes. This study aims to optimize the dyeing parameters of cotton fabrics using natural dye extracts derived from the barks of Tegeran (Cudrania javanensis), Merbau (Intsia bijuga), Tingi (Ceriops tagal), and Jambal (Peltophorum pterocarpum), as well as Jolawe (Terminalia bellirica) fruit peel. Varied dyeing parameters included dye concentration, dyeing time and temperature, and material to liquor ratio (MLR). The fixative solutions used were alum, lime, and iron (II) sulfate. The optimized parameters were based on the values of color depth and evenness, measured colorimetrically. Furthermore, the obtained results of the dyeing process under optimized conditions were analyzed for color quality by measuring color coordinates as well as the values of color strength (K/S), washing fastness, and light fastness. The results showed that the optimal dyeing conditions for all natural dye extracts used were the code A extract concentrations (0.0113 g/mL of Tegeran; 0.0115 g/mL of Merbau; 0.0204 g/mL of Jambal; and 0.0582 g/mL of Jolawe), dyeing at 28°C, dyeing time of 30 minutes, and the MLR of 1:30. The resulting color variations were brown, gray, and golden yellow for the Tegeran extract with alum fixative. The highest K/S value was 5.56 for the fabric dyed in Tegeran extract with iron (II) sulfate fixative solution. The washing fastness values for Merbau, Tingi, Jambal, and Jolawe were 3-4 (fairly good) to 4-5 (excellent). Meanwhile, the light fastness values for all dyes were between 4 (good) and 5 (excellent). Overall, the standard procedure for cotton fabric dyeing that meets the minimum standards for textile products is obtained.Keywords: cotton fabric; color quality; natural dyes; optimization; standard procedure for dyeingA B S T R A KUsaha substitusi penggunaan pewarna sintetis pada kain dengan pewarna alami semakin meningkat belakangan ini. Hal ini perlu didukung dengan penelitian dan inovasi agar kualitas pewarna alami lebih kompetitif terhadap pewarna sintetis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan parameter pewarnaan kain katun dengan ekstrak pewarna alami dari kulit kayu Tegeran (Cudrania javanensis), Merbau (Intsia bijuga), Tingi (Ceriops tagal), Jambal (Peltophorum pterocarpum), dan kulit buah Jolawe (Terminalia bellirica). Parameter pewarnaan yang divariasikan antara lain konsentrasi pewarna, waktu dan suhu pewarnaan, serta rasio kain dengan volume larutan fiksator. Larutan fiksator yang digunakan adalah tawas, kapur, dan tunjung. Paramater terikat yang dioptimasikan didasarkan pada nilai ketuaan dan kerataan warna yang diukur secara kolorimetri. Selanjutnya hasil pewarnaan dengan kondisi yang teroptimasi dianalisis kualitas warna melalui pengukuran koordinat warna, nilai kekuatan warna","PeriodicalId":17711,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Rekayasa Proses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48795772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Finalisation of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses’s transformation, 23 June 2022. The year 2022 marks the fifteen-year service of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses since its first edition in 2007. Fifteen years is a very long period to learn to manage a scientific journal and establish this journal’s unique characteristics. Since its first issue, Jurnal Rekayasa Proses is expected to become a communication platformbetween academicians and industrial practitioners in scientific publication format. Jurnal Rekayasa Proses is an interface to introduce state-of-the-art innovation from the laboratory benches to the industrial application. On the other hand, it also updates the researchers in universities and institutions about the real problems in the industry. Therefore, amid journals’ euphoria to pursue journal quality status through an international indexation platform, Jurnal Rekayasa Proses opts to hold high its vision as the national scientific communication bridge between academicians and industrial practitioners to establish the flagship technology of Indonesia synergically. The requirement of international indexation, especially on the number of foreign countries’ origins of the authors, is not entirely relevant to the domestic orientation of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses. Therefore, Jurnal Rekayasa Proses guaranteed its scientific quality through the national accreditation system for a scientific journal and has been accredited as Sinta 2 since 2018. For this achievement, Jurnal Rekayasa Proses owed to all previous editor-in-chief and managing editors, Prof. Hary Sulistyo, Almarhumah Dr. Siti Syamsiah, Dr. Sholeh Ma’mun, Dr. Indra Perdana, Dr. Teguh Ariyanto, dan Dr. Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus, and the Heads of Department Prof. I Made Bendiyasa, Prof. Suryo Purwono, Dr. Moh. Fahrurrozi, Dr. Muslikhin Hidayat, and Dr. A. Tawfiequrrahman Yuliansyah. Many thanks go to our best friends in various universities and research institutions who have voluntarily spent their priceless time and energy serving as reviewers and the editorial board of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses. We also would like to extend our gratitude to the Faculty of Engineering and the Publisher and Publication Board Universitas Gadjah Mada for all of the support and facilities to improve the quality of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses during the last fifteen years. As a special commemoration of the fifteen years of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses’ existence, significant changes are ongoing in several aspects of the journal. The first stage of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses transformation in Edition 1 Volume 16 is the new journal theme with a more comfortable format for reading and linking to the references.
{"title":"Celebrating fifteen years of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses","authors":"H. T. Petrus","doi":"10.22146/jrekpros.76442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.76442","url":null,"abstract":"Finalisation of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses’s transformation, 23 June 2022. The year 2022 marks the fifteen-year service of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses since its first edition in 2007. Fifteen years is a very long period to learn to manage a scientific journal and establish this journal’s unique characteristics. Since its first issue, Jurnal Rekayasa Proses is expected to become a communication platformbetween academicians and industrial practitioners in scientific publication format. Jurnal Rekayasa Proses is an interface to introduce state-of-the-art innovation from the laboratory benches to the industrial application. On the other hand, it also updates the researchers in universities and institutions about the real problems in the industry. Therefore, amid journals’ euphoria to pursue journal quality status through an international indexation platform, Jurnal Rekayasa Proses opts to hold high its vision as the national scientific communication bridge between academicians and industrial practitioners to establish the flagship technology of Indonesia synergically. The requirement of international indexation, especially on the number of foreign countries’ origins of the authors, is not entirely relevant to the domestic orientation of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses. Therefore, Jurnal Rekayasa Proses guaranteed its scientific quality through the national accreditation system for a scientific journal and has been accredited as Sinta 2 since 2018. For this achievement, Jurnal Rekayasa Proses owed to all previous editor-in-chief and managing editors, Prof. Hary Sulistyo, Almarhumah Dr. Siti Syamsiah, Dr. Sholeh Ma’mun, Dr. Indra Perdana, Dr. Teguh Ariyanto, dan Dr. Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus, and the Heads of Department Prof. I Made Bendiyasa, Prof. Suryo Purwono, Dr. Moh. Fahrurrozi, Dr. Muslikhin Hidayat, and Dr. A. Tawfiequrrahman Yuliansyah. Many thanks go to our best friends in various universities and research institutions who have voluntarily spent their priceless time and energy serving as reviewers and the editorial board of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses. We also would like to extend our gratitude to the Faculty of Engineering and the Publisher and Publication Board Universitas Gadjah Mada for all of the support and facilities to improve the quality of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses during the last fifteen years. As a special commemoration of the fifteen years of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses’ existence, significant changes are ongoing in several aspects of the journal. The first stage of Jurnal Rekayasa Proses transformation in Edition 1 Volume 16 is the new journal theme with a more comfortable format for reading and linking to the references.","PeriodicalId":17711,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Rekayasa Proses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47144954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}