Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v9i3.9125
Uswatun Khasanah, N. M. Yasin, S. Satibi
Drug management is part of pharmaceutical service activities, which includes interrelated stages: selection, planning, requesting, receiving, storage, distribution, controlling, recording, reporting, monitoring and evaluation, which play an essential role in ensuring the availability of drugs at PHCs. The systematic review aims to identify indicators of drug management at PHCs in Indonesia and analyze factors that influenced it. This systematic review used the PRISMA methods. Google Scholar is an electronic database to identify related studies. This study is limited publications from 2013 to 2023. The quality of the articles was assessed using JBI Critical Appraisal. The electronics database search earned 570 articles, while only nine articles met the criteria for analysis. Several indicators are different from the standards used due to several factors. Based on the result, factors influencing drug management at PHCs include human resources, financing, information management, facilities, and technology. For most of them, human resources are a determining factor that significantly influences the quality of pharmaceutical services at PHC’s in Indonesia. The implementation of pharmaceutical services at the PHCs must be carried out by at least one pharmacist, the person in charge, who can be assisted by pharmaceutical technical staff as needed. Resources humans influence indicators of planning accuracy; suitability of requests; storage; distribution; control; recording, reporting, and archiving. This study's results are to make improvement strategies, including interventions to improve the quality of pharmaceutical services that impact community satisfaction and stakeholders.
{"title":"OVERVIEW OF FACTORS INFLUENCING DRUG MANAGEMENT AT PRIMARY HEALTH CENTERS IN INDONESIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"Uswatun Khasanah, N. M. Yasin, S. Satibi","doi":"10.31603/pharmacy.v9i3.9125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v9i3.9125","url":null,"abstract":"Drug management is part of pharmaceutical service activities, which includes interrelated stages: selection, planning, requesting, receiving, storage, distribution, controlling, recording, reporting, monitoring and evaluation, which play an essential role in ensuring the availability of drugs at PHCs. The systematic review aims to identify indicators of drug management at PHCs in Indonesia and analyze factors that influenced it. This systematic review used the PRISMA methods. Google Scholar is an electronic database to identify related studies. This study is limited publications from 2013 to 2023. The quality of the articles was assessed using JBI Critical Appraisal. The electronics database search earned 570 articles, while only nine articles met the criteria for analysis. Several indicators are different from the standards used due to several factors. Based on the result, factors influencing drug management at PHCs include human resources, financing, information management, facilities, and technology. For most of them, human resources are a determining factor that significantly influences the quality of pharmaceutical services at PHC’s in Indonesia. The implementation of pharmaceutical services at the PHCs must be carried out by at least one pharmacist, the person in charge, who can be assisted by pharmaceutical technical staff as needed. Resources humans influence indicators of planning accuracy; suitability of requests; storage; distribution; control; recording, reporting, and archiving. This study's results are to make improvement strategies, including interventions to improve the quality of pharmaceutical services that impact community satisfaction and stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":17722,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v9i3.8856
S. Harimurti, Amelia Nur'afni Mulyanti, Anisa Kusnindyasita, Hari Widada, Rifki Febriansah, Totok Suwanda, M. Muhtadi
Capsule shells are generally made from gelatin. The gelatin that is spread in the world is commonly derived from pigs. This animal is forbidden to be consumed by Muslims. This issue is due to the halal aspect. Sago starch and sodium alginate are halal materials that are capable of gelatinizing. This property made it able to be molded as a capsule. This research aims to determine the formula of sago and sodium alginate as a capsule and the evaluation. Three formulas were made with the ratio of sago and sodium alginate 100%: 0% (formula 1), 50%: 50% (formula 2), and 0%: 100% (formula 3). The capsule was manually molded using a food-grade stainless steel capsule mold. The size of the capsule, weight uniformity, swelling, and disintegration time were determined for a physical evaluation. SLD was used to determine the best formula, and the validation was done using One-sample T-test. The evaluations of the capsule shell were found ranged as follows: the size specifications were 21-22 mm, the body diameter was 6.1-7.2 mm, the cap diameter was 13.6-13.8 mm, weight uniformity was 0.10-0.26 gram, the swelling test was 433-1583%, and the disintegration time was 10.20-14.43 minutes. The best formula based on the SLD of the experiment was formula 3, which are two parameters that met the requirements, i.e., swelling and disintegration time. The sago and sodium alginate were crosslinked, and the capsule was made. However, the performance dislike of gelatin capsules. Continued research shall be done to find the optimum formula and its characteristics for alternative material on halal capsules.
{"title":"SAGO STARCH AND SODIUM ALGINATE AS NATURAL CROSSLINKING FOR CAPSULE ALTERNATIVES","authors":"S. Harimurti, Amelia Nur'afni Mulyanti, Anisa Kusnindyasita, Hari Widada, Rifki Febriansah, Totok Suwanda, M. Muhtadi","doi":"10.31603/pharmacy.v9i3.8856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v9i3.8856","url":null,"abstract":"Capsule shells are generally made from gelatin. The gelatin that is spread in the world is commonly derived from pigs. This animal is forbidden to be consumed by Muslims. This issue is due to the halal aspect. Sago starch and sodium alginate are halal materials that are capable of gelatinizing. This property made it able to be molded as a capsule. This research aims to determine the formula of sago and sodium alginate as a capsule and the evaluation. Three formulas were made with the ratio of sago and sodium alginate 100%: 0% (formula 1), 50%: 50% (formula 2), and 0%: 100% (formula 3). The capsule was manually molded using a food-grade stainless steel capsule mold. The size of the capsule, weight uniformity, swelling, and disintegration time were determined for a physical evaluation. SLD was used to determine the best formula, and the validation was done using One-sample T-test. The evaluations of the capsule shell were found ranged as follows: the size specifications were 21-22 mm, the body diameter was 6.1-7.2 mm, the cap diameter was 13.6-13.8 mm, weight uniformity was 0.10-0.26 gram, the swelling test was 433-1583%, and the disintegration time was 10.20-14.43 minutes. The best formula based on the SLD of the experiment was formula 3, which are two parameters that met the requirements, i.e., swelling and disintegration time. The sago and sodium alginate were crosslinked, and the capsule was made. However, the performance dislike of gelatin capsules. Continued research shall be done to find the optimum formula and its characteristics for alternative material on halal capsules.","PeriodicalId":17722,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis","volume":"73 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-17DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v9i3.6233
Nia Azzahra, Jason Merari P, Opstaria Saptarini, Sabda Wahab
Errors in prescribing and administering drugs are things that often occur in medicine, so in an effort to improve pharmaceutical performance, an evaluation and development of a SIM is carried out to support pharmaceutical services in hospitals. The aim of this research is to evaluate the Management Information System needs at RSI Ar-Rasyid Palembang and continue with the development of a design model. This research is descriptive research conducted through direct observation and documentation. The development of this research system uses a prototype method starting from needs analysis, system design and implementation of the EUCS (End User Computing Satisfaction) framework system, creating a system design using context diagrams, Data Flow Diagrams and Entity Relationship Data, the data analysis method used is qualitative analysis. The results of the research from direct observation on the completeness of the IFRS SIM show that the SIM at RSI Ar-Rasyid in pharmaceutical screening has been fulfilled, but in administrative screening and clinical screening it has not been fulfilled and the results of evaluation using a questionnaire distributed to pharmaceutical installation staff show an average the answer to each statement variable is satisfied. In making a draft design, there are suggestions that include clinical screening of prescriptions, it is hoped that this will help pharmacy installation staff in providing services to avoid medication errors. Based on system design, input design and output design, the patient prescription screening management information system design meets the criteria so it is ready to be implemented into the system.
{"title":"EVALUATION AND DESIGN OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN COMPLETENESS OF RECIPE SCREENING IN AR-RASYID ISLAMIC HOSPITAL PALEMBANG","authors":"Nia Azzahra, Jason Merari P, Opstaria Saptarini, Sabda Wahab","doi":"10.31603/pharmacy.v9i3.6233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v9i3.6233","url":null,"abstract":"Errors in prescribing and administering drugs are things that often occur in medicine, so in an effort to improve pharmaceutical performance, an evaluation and development of a SIM is carried out to support pharmaceutical services in hospitals. The aim of this research is to evaluate the Management Information System needs at RSI Ar-Rasyid Palembang and continue with the development of a design model. This research is descriptive research conducted through direct observation and documentation. The development of this research system uses a prototype method starting from needs analysis, system design and implementation of the EUCS (End User Computing Satisfaction) framework system, creating a system design using context diagrams, Data Flow Diagrams and Entity Relationship Data, the data analysis method used is qualitative analysis. The results of the research from direct observation on the completeness of the IFRS SIM show that the SIM at RSI Ar-Rasyid in pharmaceutical screening has been fulfilled, but in administrative screening and clinical screening it has not been fulfilled and the results of evaluation using a questionnaire distributed to pharmaceutical installation staff show an average the answer to each statement variable is satisfied. In making a draft design, there are suggestions that include clinical screening of prescriptions, it is hoped that this will help pharmacy installation staff in providing services to avoid medication errors. Based on system design, input design and output design, the patient prescription screening management information system design meets the criteria so it is ready to be implemented into the system.","PeriodicalId":17722,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis","volume":"87 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-03DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8648
Yusransyah Yusransyah, Y. Rahmawati, Baha Udin, N. Kurnia
Typhoid fever is an infectious disease among humans caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. With the high Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) of Salmonella typhi, selecting the right antibiotic is a factor that must be considered in addition to cost constraints. Therefore, cost-effectiveness is needed. This study aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of typhoid fever patients using ceftriaxone and cefixime antibiotics. The data used are retrospective, and the sampling was done by purposive sampling. This study was conducted at Berkah Pandeglang Regional Hospital. Sample in this study, namely typhoid fever patients of the period 2020-2021, who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this study, 16 samples were obtained. The results of this study showed that the total average direct medical costs for the ceftriaxone group were IDR 78.632.500 In contrast, the cefixime group was IDR 75.527.300. The ACER value of typhoid fever patients who used Ceftriaxone + cefixime was IDR 91,646.27, Ceftriaxone was IDR 77,463.89, and cefixime was IDR 88,027.15. The patients with typhoid fever who used Ceftriaxone were more cost-effective than those who used Cefixime
{"title":"COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF CEFTRIAXONE AND CEFIXIME IN TYPHOID FEVER PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED AT BERKAH PANDEGLANG REGIONAL HOSPITAL FOR THE PERIOD 2020-2021","authors":"Yusransyah Yusransyah, Y. Rahmawati, Baha Udin, N. Kurnia","doi":"10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8648","url":null,"abstract":"Typhoid fever is an infectious disease among humans caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. With the high Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) of Salmonella typhi, selecting the right antibiotic is a factor that must be considered in addition to cost constraints. Therefore, cost-effectiveness is needed. This study aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of typhoid fever patients using ceftriaxone and cefixime antibiotics. The data used are retrospective, and the sampling was done by purposive sampling. This study was conducted at Berkah Pandeglang Regional Hospital. Sample in this study, namely typhoid fever patients of the period 2020-2021, who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this study, 16 samples were obtained. The results of this study showed that the total average direct medical costs for the ceftriaxone group were IDR 78.632.500 In contrast, the cefixime group was IDR 75.527.300. The ACER value of typhoid fever patients who used Ceftriaxone + cefixime was IDR 91,646.27, Ceftriaxone was IDR 77,463.89, and cefixime was IDR 88,027.15. The patients with typhoid fever who used Ceftriaxone were more cost-effective than those who used Cefixime","PeriodicalId":17722,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44062346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-03DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.9109
Hidayah Karuniawati, Gayuh Ilham Rahmadi, E. R. Wikantyasning
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that must be treated in the long term. One of the therapeutic efficacy factors in tuberculosis treatment is medication adherence by patients. Non-compliance to treatment leads to no achievement of treatment goals, increasing the risk of resistance, mortality, and morbidity. This study analyzed association factors that predicted the influence of the pulmonary tuberculosis patient’s non-adherence to anti-tuberculosis medicines in Surakarta Public Hospital, Indonesia. The research was analytical research with a cross-sectional approach. The study samples were 80 respondents. The inclusion criteria were patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis in Surakarta Public Hospital, aged >17 years old, and patients who received Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs for at least two months. This study used a questionnaire that has been validated. Data were analyzed by bivariate analysis (chi-square or Fisher) and continued by multivariate logistic analysis. Of 80 respondents, there were 30 respondents (37.5%) were non-adherence to taking Tuberculosis (TB) drugs. The predicted factors that influenced non-adherence in taking anti-tuberculosis drugs were beliefs about the medicine of the harm subscale (p = 0.001; OR = 8.167), suffering from drug side effects (p = 0.022; OR = 4.222), and beliefs about the medicine of overuse subscale (p = 0.038; OR = 3.504). The wrong beliefs of patients and side effects may influence patients’ adherence to TB medicines. Counseling and education are needed to improve patients’ beliefs and manage medicines’ side effects.
{"title":"NON-ADHERENCE FACTORS TO TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN SURAKARTA CENTRAL GENERAL HOSPITAL, INDONESIA","authors":"Hidayah Karuniawati, Gayuh Ilham Rahmadi, E. R. Wikantyasning","doi":"10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.9109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.9109","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that must be treated in the long term. One of the therapeutic efficacy factors in tuberculosis treatment is medication adherence by patients. Non-compliance to treatment leads to no achievement of treatment goals, increasing the risk of resistance, mortality, and morbidity. This study analyzed association factors that predicted the influence of the pulmonary tuberculosis patient’s non-adherence to anti-tuberculosis medicines in Surakarta Public Hospital, Indonesia. The research was analytical research with a cross-sectional approach. The study samples were 80 respondents. The inclusion criteria were patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis in Surakarta Public Hospital, aged >17 years old, and patients who received Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs for at least two months. This study used a questionnaire that has been validated. Data were analyzed by bivariate analysis (chi-square or Fisher) and continued by multivariate logistic analysis. Of 80 respondents, there were 30 respondents (37.5%) were non-adherence to taking Tuberculosis (TB) drugs. The predicted factors that influenced non-adherence in taking anti-tuberculosis drugs were beliefs about the medicine of the harm subscale (p = 0.001; OR = 8.167), suffering from drug side effects (p = 0.022; OR = 4.222), and beliefs about the medicine of overuse subscale (p = 0.038; OR = 3.504). The wrong beliefs of patients and side effects may influence patients’ adherence to TB medicines. Counseling and education are needed to improve patients’ beliefs and manage medicines’ side effects.","PeriodicalId":17722,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48926394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animal models suitable for preclinical research are necessary for the discovery of hypolipidemic agents. Various publications have presented alternative dyslipidemia animal models, but identifying a feasible and stable method would serve as a solid reference for researchers. This investigation aimed to establish a sustained dyslipidemia induction that persists after several days of intervention with a hypolipidemic agent. Six groups of mice, each consisting of five primary test animals and one reserve test animal, were used. After a seven-day acclimatization period, we induced each group for 14 days using three different methods: (1) 5% body weight of quail egg yolks (5% QEY), (2) 10% body weight of used cooking oil (10% UCOs), and (3) a combination of 5% QEY and 10% UCOs. Once all mice reached their peak lipid levels, we evaluated lipid performance through a seven-day intervention with simvastatin (0.026 mg/20-gram body weight) in one of the paired groups. A 14-day combined induction of 5% QEY and 10% UCOs resulted in a 39% elevation in mouse lipids compared to baseline levels. Our findings offer an alternative to traditional dyslipidemia models. However, the development of an animal model for dyslipidemia still poses challenges. Therefore, the identification of novel biomarkers capable of targeting dyslipidemia in humans is crucial.
{"title":"MODELING OF MICE AS TEST ANIMALS FOR A PRECLINICAL STUDY OF HYPOLIPIDEMIC AGENTS","authors":"Setiyo Budi Santoso, Widarika Santi Hapsari, Renny Setyowati","doi":"10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8463","url":null,"abstract":"Animal models suitable for preclinical research are necessary for the discovery of hypolipidemic agents. Various publications have presented alternative dyslipidemia animal models, but identifying a feasible and stable method would serve as a solid reference for researchers. This investigation aimed to establish a sustained dyslipidemia induction that persists after several days of intervention with a hypolipidemic agent. Six groups of mice, each consisting of five primary test animals and one reserve test animal, were used. After a seven-day acclimatization period, we induced each group for 14 days using three different methods: (1) 5% body weight of quail egg yolks (5% QEY), (2) 10% body weight of used cooking oil (10% UCOs), and (3) a combination of 5% QEY and 10% UCOs. Once all mice reached their peak lipid levels, we evaluated lipid performance through a seven-day intervention with simvastatin (0.026 mg/20-gram body weight) in one of the paired groups. A 14-day combined induction of 5% QEY and 10% UCOs resulted in a 39% elevation in mouse lipids compared to baseline levels. Our findings offer an alternative to traditional dyslipidemia models. However, the development of an animal model for dyslipidemia still poses challenges. Therefore, the identification of novel biomarkers capable of targeting dyslipidemia in humans is crucial.","PeriodicalId":17722,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41684423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The nutmeg seed oil contains myristicin which can absorb UV rays. Nanoemulsion with isopropyl myristate can be used to increase the activity of sunscreen. This study aimed to determine the physical characteristics and effectivity of nutmeg oil (NMO) nanoemulsion with isopropyl myristate as an enhancer. The nanoemulsion was made with 6.4% NMO and variations of isopropyl myristate 1% (FI), 3% (FII), and 5% (FIII). The nanoemulsions were evaluated for physical characteristics such as appearance, pH, viscosity, transmittance percentage, particle size, and polydispersity index (PI). The in vitro SPF value was tested using a spectrophotometer, and sunscreen effectivity was determined by the Minimum Erythemal Dose (MED) value. Data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. This study showed that the colour of the NMO nanoemulsion was light yellow and clear, with a transmittance percentage of 97.5-97.9%. The pH FI, FII, and FIII results were 6.79±0.03, 6.84±0.04, and 7.02±0.03. The viscosity was 1.63 ± 0.81 to 1.82 ± 0.85 d.Pas with Newtonian rheology. The particle size was 14.3 ± 1.41 nm to 16.0 ± 2.13 nm, with PI less than 0.5. SPF value were 16.34 ± 5.50 (FI); 16.70 ± 5.20 (FII) and 17.80 ± 3.20 (FIII). MED values were 220.5 ± 6.34 (FI), 225.4 ±5.41 (FII), and 240.2 ±3.45 (FIII) minutes. The MED value showed that FIII was significantly different from FI and FII. Isopropyl myristate at 5% in nanoemulsion increases the effectivity of sunscreen.
{"title":"PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND SUNSCREEN ACTIVITY OF NUTMEG OIL NANOEMULSION WITH ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE VARIATIONS","authors":"Siti Setianingsih, Rizky Adityo Saputro, Vironica Rizky Fauziah, Wahyu Setyo Wibowo, Ayu Shabrina","doi":"10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8481","url":null,"abstract":"The nutmeg seed oil contains myristicin which can absorb UV rays. Nanoemulsion with isopropyl myristate can be used to increase the activity of sunscreen. This study aimed to determine the physical characteristics and effectivity of nutmeg oil (NMO) nanoemulsion with isopropyl myristate as an enhancer. The nanoemulsion was made with 6.4% NMO and variations of isopropyl myristate 1% (FI), 3% (FII), and 5% (FIII). The nanoemulsions were evaluated for physical characteristics such as appearance, pH, viscosity, transmittance percentage, particle size, and polydispersity index (PI). The in vitro SPF value was tested using a spectrophotometer, and sunscreen effectivity was determined by the Minimum Erythemal Dose (MED) value. Data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. This study showed that the colour of the NMO nanoemulsion was light yellow and clear, with a transmittance percentage of 97.5-97.9%. The pH FI, FII, and FIII results were 6.79±0.03, 6.84±0.04, and 7.02±0.03. The viscosity was 1.63 ± 0.81 to 1.82 ± 0.85 d.Pas with Newtonian rheology. The particle size was 14.3 ± 1.41 nm to 16.0 ± 2.13 nm, with PI less than 0.5. SPF value were 16.34 ± 5.50 (FI); 16.70 ± 5.20 (FII) and 17.80 ± 3.20 (FIII). MED values were 220.5 ± 6.34 (FI), 225.4 ±5.41 (FII), and 240.2 ±3.45 (FIII) minutes. The MED value showed that FIII was significantly different from FI and FII. Isopropyl myristate at 5% in nanoemulsion increases the effectivity of sunscreen.","PeriodicalId":17722,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45682627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8647
Tista Ayu Fortuna, A. Wahyuni, Nadya Tiara Putri
The use of traditional medicine in today's society is increasing with labels "back to nature" which is realized through the utilization of Indonesia's natural potential. Based on an incidental survey study in Klaten City, the affecting factor the use of traditional medicine in this region is knowledge and perception. Public knowledge related to the utilization of traditional medicine is assumed to be lacking because of the assumption that traditional medicine is much safer than chemical drugs. There is an assumption based on the side effects of traditional medicine being lower than chemical drugs. This study aims to assess the contribution of perception and knowledge to the use of traditional medicine. The research uses a cross-sectional study and the data collection instruments through questionnaires. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total of 1089 respondents. Data collection used a questionnaire instrument whose results were analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test. From these results can be concluded that types of knowledge involve definitions, type, efficacy, side effects, how to use, perceptions, convenience, currentness, and policy that can affect the use of traditional medicine. The results of data analysis show that the contribution of knowledge and perception to the use of traditional medicine has a coefficient of determination of 0.742
{"title":"THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION OF THE USE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN THE PEOPLE OF KLATEN CITY IN 2022","authors":"Tista Ayu Fortuna, A. Wahyuni, Nadya Tiara Putri","doi":"10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8647","url":null,"abstract":"The use of traditional medicine in today's society is increasing with labels \"back to nature\" which is realized through the utilization of Indonesia's natural potential. Based on an incidental survey study in Klaten City, the affecting factor the use of traditional medicine in this region is knowledge and perception. Public knowledge related to the utilization of traditional medicine is assumed to be lacking because of the assumption that traditional medicine is much safer than chemical drugs. There is an assumption based on the side effects of traditional medicine being lower than chemical drugs. This study aims to assess the contribution of perception and knowledge to the use of traditional medicine. The research uses a cross-sectional study and the data collection instruments through questionnaires. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total of 1089 respondents. Data collection used a questionnaire instrument whose results were analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test. From these results can be concluded that types of knowledge involve definitions, type, efficacy, side effects, how to use, perceptions, convenience, currentness, and policy that can affect the use of traditional medicine. The results of data analysis show that the contribution of knowledge and perception to the use of traditional medicine has a coefficient of determination of 0.742","PeriodicalId":17722,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48039163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gedong mango plant (Mangifera indica L.var.Gedong) is a plant that has potential as herbal medicine, especially in its leaves because it contains many secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, gallic tannins, catecat tannins, quinones and steroids or triterpenoids which can be used as antioxidants, antimicrobial and dandruff. This study aims to gedong mango leaf extract concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 10% in hair tonic preparations and to test the antidandruff activity. Gedong mango leaf simplicia (Mangifera indica L.var.Gedong) was extracted using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method with Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) sodium acetate dan lactic acid solvents with a molar ratlactic1:3. Hair tonic preparations are made in three formulas with the active ingredient of mango gedong leaf extract at a concentration of 5%, 7%, and 10%. Evaluation of hair tonic pr, separation air tonic preparation evaluation includes organ anoleptic, homogeneity, pH, and viscosity and eststy test of hair tonic anti-dandruffas carriedtestt by the healthy method against the fungus Pityrosporhealthyvale. Hair tonic of mango gedong leaf extract with concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 10% on organoleptic observations, homogeneity, pH, and viscosity met the requirements. The hair tonic has the potential as an antidandruff because it has antidandruff activity against the fungus Pityrosporum ovale and is classified as moderate to strong.
{"title":"FORMULATION AND TESTING OF ANTI DANDRUFF HAIR TONIC LEAF EXTRACT OF GEDONG MANGO (Mangifera indica L.var.Gedong) AGAINST MUSHROOMS Pityrosporum ovale","authors":"Yayan Rizikiyan, Lela Sulastri, Yuniarti Falya, Hudzaifah Famera Fosanda, Atiqoh Nurul Hakim","doi":"10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.7911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.7911","url":null,"abstract":"Gedong mango plant (Mangifera indica L.var.Gedong) is a plant that has potential as herbal medicine, especially in its leaves because it contains many secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, gallic tannins, catecat tannins, quinones and steroids or triterpenoids which can be used as antioxidants, antimicrobial and dandruff. This study aims to gedong mango leaf extract concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 10% in hair tonic preparations and to test the antidandruff activity. Gedong mango leaf simplicia (Mangifera indica L.var.Gedong) was extracted using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method with Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) sodium acetate dan lactic acid solvents with a molar ratlactic1:3. Hair tonic preparations are made in three formulas with the active ingredient of mango gedong leaf extract at a concentration of 5%, 7%, and 10%. Evaluation of hair tonic pr, separation air tonic preparation evaluation includes organ anoleptic, homogeneity, pH, and viscosity and eststy test of hair tonic anti-dandruffas carriedtestt by the healthy method against the fungus Pityrosporhealthyvale. Hair tonic of mango gedong leaf extract with concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 10% on organoleptic observations, homogeneity, pH, and viscosity met the requirements. The hair tonic has the potential as an antidandruff because it has antidandruff activity against the fungus Pityrosporum ovale and is classified as moderate to strong.","PeriodicalId":17722,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43424718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-18DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8404
Diah Nur Kurnianingrum, A. K. Zulkarnain
Based on recent studies, the ethanolic extract of Kembang Bulan leaves (Tithonia diversifolia[A.Gray]) has an anti-keloid effect. This study aims to determine the optimum formula for cream preparations with paraffinum liquidum, cetyl alcohol, and stearyl alcohol. Inappropriate comparison of additional ingredients results in the physical properties of the preparation becoming unstable during storage. The optimum formula was obtained from the optimization using Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) by software Design Expert version 10.0. The parameters measured were viscosity, pH, spreadability, adhesive ability, and accelerated study (centrifugation). The optimum cream formula consists of 19.11% b / b; Cetyl alcohol with a level of 2.01% b / b; stearyl alcohol with a level of 1.49% b / b with a viscosity of 134.35 dPa.s, a spread of 5.78 cm, pH 6.243, and adhesive ability of 13.61 seconds. The cream base produced is milky white, has a viscosity of 143.99 dPa.s, a spread of 5.7 cm, pH 6.305, and adhesion to 14.57 seconds. There is a significant difference in viscosity and pH of the experimental and software prediction. However, there is no significant difference in adhesive ability and spreadability response. The cream base and ethanolic extract of Kembang Bulan leaves have a significant difference in physical stability except for its spreadability. During the 4 weeks of storage, both of the creams are relatively stable. The cream is stable after centrifugation.
根据最近的研究，康邦Bulan叶(Tithonia diverfolia [A.Gray])的乙醇提取物具有抗瘢痕疙瘩的作用。本研究旨在确定以石蜡、十六烷基醇和硬脂醇为原料的乳膏制剂的最佳配方。不适当地比较其他成分会导致制剂的物理性质在储存期间变得不稳定。利用Design Expert 10.0软件采用单纯形点阵设计(simple Lattice Design, SLD)进行优化，得到了最优公式。测定的参数包括粘度、pH、涂敷性、粘附能力和加速研究(离心)。乳霜的最佳配方为19.11% b / b;十六醇，浓度为2.01% b / b;硬脂醇，浓度为1.49% b / b，粘度为134.35 dPa。s，涂布5.78 cm, pH值6.243，粘接能力13.61秒。制得的奶油底为乳白色，粘度为143.99 dPa。s，扩散5.7 cm, pH值6.305，附着力14.57秒。实验结果与软件预测结果在粘度和pH值上存在显著差异。而粘接能力和铺展反应无显著差异。康邦布兰叶膏碱和醇提物除涂抹性外，在物理稳定性上有显著差异。在4周的储存期间，这两种药膏都相对稳定。奶油离心后是稳定的。
{"title":"OPTIMIZATION AND PHYSICAL STABILITY OF KEMBANG BULAN (Tithonia diversifolia [A.Gray] EXTRACT CREAM FORMULA","authors":"Diah Nur Kurnianingrum, A. K. Zulkarnain","doi":"10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v9i2.8404","url":null,"abstract":"Based on recent studies, the ethanolic extract of Kembang Bulan leaves (Tithonia diversifolia[A.Gray]) has an anti-keloid effect. This study aims to determine the optimum formula for cream preparations with paraffinum liquidum, cetyl alcohol, and stearyl alcohol. Inappropriate comparison of additional ingredients results in the physical properties of the preparation becoming unstable during storage. The optimum formula was obtained from the optimization using Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) by software Design Expert version 10.0. The parameters measured were viscosity, pH, spreadability, adhesive ability, and accelerated study (centrifugation). The optimum cream formula consists of 19.11% b / b; Cetyl alcohol with a level of 2.01% b / b; stearyl alcohol with a level of 1.49% b / b with a viscosity of 134.35 dPa.s, a spread of 5.78 cm, pH 6.243, and adhesive ability of 13.61 seconds. The cream base produced is milky white, has a viscosity of 143.99 dPa.s, a spread of 5.7 cm, pH 6.305, and adhesion to 14.57 seconds. There is a significant difference in viscosity and pH of the experimental and software prediction. However, there is no significant difference in adhesive ability and spreadability response. The cream base and ethanolic extract of Kembang Bulan leaves have a significant difference in physical stability except for its spreadability. During the 4 weeks of storage, both of the creams are relatively stable. The cream is stable after centrifugation.","PeriodicalId":17722,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44225664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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