Coastal glehnia (Korean name: gaet-bang-pung) is a perennial herb belonging to the Apiaceae family and is distributed in harsh environments with high salinity and dry conditions, such as coastal dunes and sandy beaches. Both the shoots and roots of coastal glehnia contain health-promoting phytochemicals, which can be used in functional foods and in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, the air temperature (AT) and root-zone temperature (RZT) of seedlings under different treatment combinations were evaluated to establish a cultivation protocol for high seedling quality in controlled environments such as greenhouses and plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs). Two-week-old seedlings were transplanted to deep-flow-technique hydroponic systems and grown for four weeks. In study I, the seedlings were treated with RZTs of 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C, with or without aeration. The RZT of 25°C with aeration significantly increased the shoot fresh and dry weights compared to the other treatments. In study II, the seedlings were treated with ATs and RZTs of 20°C and 25°C along with aeration. The AT 25°C/RZT 25°C treatment improved the shoot and root growth, photosynthetic rate, and electron transport rate compared to the AT 20°C/RZT 20°C treatment. In addition, the mineral content (P, K, S, Mg, Ca, and Fe) per shoot increased significantly at an AT of 25°C with a RZT of 25°C. These results suggest that the combination of an AT of 25°C and RZT of 25°C is the appropriate temperature condition to improve productivity during the seedling stage of coastal glehnia for mass production in PFALs and greenhouses.
{"title":"Air and Root Zone Temperature for Growth of Coastal Glehnia Seedlings","authors":"Moon-Sun Yeom, Myung-Min Oh","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230017","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal glehnia (Korean name: gaet-bang-pung) is a perennial herb belonging to the Apiaceae family and is distributed in harsh environments with high salinity and dry conditions, such as coastal dunes and sandy beaches. Both the shoots and roots of coastal glehnia contain health-promoting phytochemicals, which can be used in functional foods and in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, the air temperature (AT) and root-zone temperature (RZT) of seedlings under different treatment combinations were evaluated to establish a cultivation protocol for high seedling quality in controlled environments such as greenhouses and plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs). Two-week-old seedlings were transplanted to deep-flow-technique hydroponic systems and grown for four weeks. In study I, the seedlings were treated with RZTs of 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C, with or without aeration. The RZT of 25°C with aeration significantly increased the shoot fresh and dry weights compared to the other treatments. In study II, the seedlings were treated with ATs and RZTs of 20°C and 25°C along with aeration. The AT 25°C/RZT 25°C treatment improved the shoot and root growth, photosynthetic rate, and electron transport rate compared to the AT 20°C/RZT 20°C treatment. In addition, the mineral content (P, K, S, Mg, Ca, and Fe) per shoot increased significantly at an AT of 25°C with a RZT of 25°C. These results suggest that the combination of an AT of 25°C and RZT of 25°C is the appropriate temperature condition to improve productivity during the seedling stage of coastal glehnia for mass production in PFALs and greenhouses.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135802436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yeonggeun Song, Chul-Woo Kim, Hyeongkeun Kweon, Kyeong Kyu Yoon, Yun-Jin Shim, UK Lee, Kyeong Cheol Lee
Climate change affects the frequency and intensity of extreme weather, such as drought and floods. This study aimed to investigate the effects of drought stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of Z. jujuba var. inermis based on the RCP 6.0 scenario. The experiment was performed in a soil-plant daylight system (SPDS) chamber under four conditions: Control-WW, Control-DS (Drought), RCP 6.0-WW (CO2 650 ppm, control + 3°C), and RCP 6.0-DS. Although the net photosynthetic rate (A) was higher under RCP 6.0 than the control condition, Vcmax and Jmax, which indicate the photosynthetic capacity, were lower by 19.6% and 27.8%, respectively. Furthermore, in the RCP 6.0 group, the carbon fertilization effect tended to stimulate growth; thus, the total dry weight in RCP 6.0-WW was approximately 35% higher than that in Control-WW. When the drought treatment was included, A decreased by 57% in Control-DS compared to Control-WW, and in RCP 6.0-DS, A decreased by 73% compared to RCP 6.0-WW. Moreover, RCP-DS showed the lowest values of Vcmax, Jmax, PIabs, DFabs, and SFIabs, meaning that the photosynthetic capacity and vitality of the photosynthetic apparatus were diminished under combined climate change and drought stress. Furthermore, stomatal limitations (Ls) regulated photosynthesis in Control-DS, whereas in RCP 6.0-DS, non-stomatal limitations, in this case Vcmax, Jmax, PIabs, DFabs, and SFIabs, were observed. Despite a decrease in mesophyll conductance (gm), gm/gs remained relatively high. Furthermore, even with stomatal closure, gm was maintained at a relatively high level by utilizing the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), demonstrating the plant's response to drought stress. Although there was an increase in the overall biomass, it was noted that water consumption increased under additional drought stress, showing that growth and physiological damage were aggravated. Therefore, it is essential to conduct experiments related to the growth and physiological characteristics of commercially valuable seedlings such as Jujube to identify the adverse effects of climate change alongside extreme weather. Further, active efforts with regard to plant management should be undertaken in addition to the implemented measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
{"title":"Effects of Drought Stress on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Grafted Ziziphus jujuba var. inermis under RCP 6.0 Climate Change Scenarios","authors":"Yeonggeun Song, Chul-Woo Kim, Hyeongkeun Kweon, Kyeong Kyu Yoon, Yun-Jin Shim, UK Lee, Kyeong Cheol Lee","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230002","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change affects the frequency and intensity of extreme weather, such as drought and floods. This study aimed to investigate the effects of drought stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of Z. jujuba var. inermis based on the RCP 6.0 scenario. The experiment was performed in a soil-plant daylight system (SPDS) chamber under four conditions: Control-WW, Control-DS (Drought), RCP 6.0-WW (CO2 650 ppm, control + 3°C), and RCP 6.0-DS. Although the net photosynthetic rate (A) was higher under RCP 6.0 than the control condition, Vcmax and Jmax, which indicate the photosynthetic capacity, were lower by 19.6% and 27.8%, respectively. Furthermore, in the RCP 6.0 group, the carbon fertilization effect tended to stimulate growth; thus, the total dry weight in RCP 6.0-WW was approximately 35% higher than that in Control-WW. When the drought treatment was included, A decreased by 57% in Control-DS compared to Control-WW, and in RCP 6.0-DS, A decreased by 73% compared to RCP 6.0-WW. Moreover, RCP-DS showed the lowest values of Vcmax, Jmax, PIabs, DFabs, and SFIabs, meaning that the photosynthetic capacity and vitality of the photosynthetic apparatus were diminished under combined climate change and drought stress. Furthermore, stomatal limitations (Ls) regulated photosynthesis in Control-DS, whereas in RCP 6.0-DS, non-stomatal limitations, in this case Vcmax, Jmax, PIabs, DFabs, and SFIabs, were observed. Despite a decrease in mesophyll conductance (gm), gm/gs remained relatively high. Furthermore, even with stomatal closure, gm was maintained at a relatively high level by utilizing the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), demonstrating the plant's response to drought stress. Although there was an increase in the overall biomass, it was noted that water consumption increased under additional drought stress, showing that growth and physiological damage were aggravated. Therefore, it is essential to conduct experiments related to the growth and physiological characteristics of commercially valuable seedlings such as Jujube to identify the adverse effects of climate change alongside extreme weather. Further, active efforts with regard to plant management should be undertaken in addition to the implemented measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"457 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kibum Kim, Kisung Ko, Yang Joo Kang, Taewon Yang, Soyeon Oh, Seung-Won Lee, Moon-Soo Kim, Young Koung Lee, Mi Kyung Kim
This study demonstrated that the fermentation of oak tree sawdust increases peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed germination, sprout biomass, and the total vigor index (TVI). The seed germination rate (0, 3.9, 30.8, and 65.4%) varied significantly among the different fermentation treatments (0, 30, 45, and 60 days, respectively). Seedlings grown in the sawdust with the 60-day fermentation period showed the highest weight (2.8 g) with the longest epicotyl with true leaves (2.5 cm), hypocotyls (2.4 cm), and roots (6.6 cm), consequently having the highest TVI (629.23). Seedlings grown for 0 and 30 days in fermented sawdust had the lowest TVIs (32.7 and 0, respectively). In a microbiome analysis, the fungal community varied among the different fermentation treatments, suggesting that the fungal community affects the seed germination physiology.
{"title":"Fermentation of Oak Tree Sawdust affects Peanut Sprout Growth and Fungal Microbiomes","authors":"Kibum Kim, Kisung Ko, Yang Joo Kang, Taewon Yang, Soyeon Oh, Seung-Won Lee, Moon-Soo Kim, Young Koung Lee, Mi Kyung Kim","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230006","url":null,"abstract":"This study demonstrated that the fermentation of oak tree sawdust increases peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed germination, sprout biomass, and the total vigor index (TVI). The seed germination rate (0, 3.9, 30.8, and 65.4%) varied significantly among the different fermentation treatments (0, 30, 45, and 60 days, respectively). Seedlings grown in the sawdust with the 60-day fermentation period showed the highest weight (2.8 g) with the longest epicotyl with true leaves (2.5 cm), hypocotyls (2.4 cm), and roots (6.6 cm), consequently having the highest TVI (629.23). Seedlings grown for 0 and 30 days in fermented sawdust had the lowest TVIs (32.7 and 0, respectively). In a microbiome analysis, the fungal community varied among the different fermentation treatments, suggesting that the fungal community affects the seed germination physiology.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"653 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is important to measure the growth status in real time during the cultivation of crops. In a fully controlled plant factory, the number of days after transplanting (DAT) can be an indicator of growth status due to accurate environmental management and the uniform growth of cultivated plants. This study was conducted to estimate the number of DAT of lettuce through image data using an artificial intelligence model in a closed plant factory system. The seedlings used were the 'Thimble' variety of green lettuce from Nunhems, and image data were collected according to the number of DAT. The RGB ratio was set to 8:1:1, and the amount of light was adjusted to 265(±50) μmol·m-2·s-1 with a photoperiod of 12 hours. The cultivation environment maintained a temperature of 19–21°C, relative humidity of 55–65%, and CO2 in the range of 500–800 μmol·mol-1. Through three experiments conducted in identical environments, images were taken according to the date of growth from 12 specimens of ‘Thimble’ in total. In all three duplicated experiments, images were collected 4th, 8th, 12th, 15th, 18th, and 22nd DAT. Among collected image set, 240 images from ten objects were used for learning dataset and 48 images from two objects were used to test dataset the accuracy of the generated artificial intelligence model. The artificial intelligence model created through the convolutional neural network (CNN) generated with Python's TensorFlow had a test accuracy rate of 91.7%, and the artificial intelligence model created through a teachable machine showed accuracy of 86.7% for the test samples in this experiment. The number of DAT was predicted with the maximum probability. In this research, although the artificial intelligence model was created with a small amount of image data, it showed significantly high accuracy due to the characteristics of the plant factory where standardized image data were produced by precise environmental control and the uniform growth of the cultivated plants. Given the nature of the artificial neural network, which increase the accuracy of the model as more data are inputted, it is expected that the artificial intelligence model will become more precise if more image data can be collected through additional experiments in the future. Through these efforts, it will be possible to have a system capable of checking and offering feedback of the growth of cultivated plants in real time by introducing artificial intelligence prediction and discrimination to the plant factory cultivation site.
{"title":"Estimation of Days after Transplanting using an Artificial Intelligence CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) Model in a Closed-type Plant Factory","authors":"Youngtaek Baek, Seounggwan Sul, Young-Yeol Cho","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230008","url":null,"abstract":"It is important to measure the growth status in real time during the cultivation of crops. In a fully controlled plant factory, the number of days after transplanting (DAT) can be an indicator of growth status due to accurate environmental management and the uniform growth of cultivated plants. This study was conducted to estimate the number of DAT of lettuce through image data using an artificial intelligence model in a closed plant factory system. The seedlings used were the 'Thimble' variety of green lettuce from Nunhems, and image data were collected according to the number of DAT. The RGB ratio was set to 8:1:1, and the amount of light was adjusted to 265(±50) μmol·m-2·s-1 with a photoperiod of 12 hours. The cultivation environment maintained a temperature of 19–21°C, relative humidity of 55–65%, and CO2 in the range of 500–800 μmol·mol-1. Through three experiments conducted in identical environments, images were taken according to the date of growth from 12 specimens of ‘Thimble’ in total. In all three duplicated experiments, images were collected 4th, 8th, 12th, 15th, 18th, and 22nd DAT. Among collected image set, 240 images from ten objects were used for learning dataset and 48 images from two objects were used to test dataset the accuracy of the generated artificial intelligence model. The artificial intelligence model created through the convolutional neural network (CNN) generated with Python's TensorFlow had a test accuracy rate of 91.7%, and the artificial intelligence model created through a teachable machine showed accuracy of 86.7% for the test samples in this experiment. The number of DAT was predicted with the maximum probability. In this research, although the artificial intelligence model was created with a small amount of image data, it showed significantly high accuracy due to the characteristics of the plant factory where standardized image data were produced by precise environmental control and the uniform growth of the cultivated plants. Given the nature of the artificial neural network, which increase the accuracy of the model as more data are inputted, it is expected that the artificial intelligence model will become more precise if more image data can be collected through additional experiments in the future. Through these efforts, it will be possible to have a system capable of checking and offering feedback of the growth of cultivated plants in real time by introducing artificial intelligence prediction and discrimination to the plant factory cultivation site.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"11953 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135582518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photosynthetic Changes and Growth of Paprika Transplants as Affected by Root-zone Cooling Methods under High Air Temperature Conditions after Transplanting","authors":"Byungkwan Lee, Minh Duy Pham, Jaewook Shin, Meiyan Cui, Hyein Lee, Jeesang Myung, Haeyoung Na, Changhoo Chun","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Crop productivity is threatened by a variety of pathogens. As a mean by which to solve this problem, research to identify resistance mechanisms and key factors through the use of plant-disease interaction transcripts is being actively conducted. The discovery of key factors through the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique has been used in various studies, but the use of an optimized and simplified analysis pipeline is limited due to its complex and diverse programs. In this study, we present a pipeline of a simplified and effective RNA-seq analysis (PoRAS) for a transcriptome core analysis, with RNA-seq data of pepper-phytophthora infestans interaction global gene profiling, differential gene expression (DEG), and a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) then performed to validate the PoRAS. Data preprocessing and quality checks were conducted for a total of 39 transcripts using the established transcriptome analysis pipeline, and it was confirmed that 84.87–92.38% of high-quality sequences remained in each dataset. Subsequently, 2,594 DEGs were obtained through a DEG analysis, and the function of the gene cluster was confirmed through a GSEA. This led to the confirmation that the functions of the defense response, response to a biological stimulus, and the recognition of pollen appeared most significantly. These results suggest that PoRAS can be a useful tool for basic and core analyses to find and identify key genetic factors from a large amount of RNA-seq data. Through this, the analysis pipeline presented in this study, PoRAS, is deemed feasible as a strategy to secure key genetic factors if used to conduct basic to core analysis stages targeting a large amount of RNA-seq information.
{"title":"Transcriptome Analysis of Pepper-Phytophthora infestans Interaction Based on a Pipeline of a Simplified and Effective RNA-seq Analysis (PoRAS)","authors":"Junesung Lee, Hagki Jang, Won-Hee Kang, Seon-In Yeom","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230010","url":null,"abstract":"Crop productivity is threatened by a variety of pathogens. As a mean by which to solve this problem, research to identify resistance mechanisms and key factors through the use of plant-disease interaction transcripts is being actively conducted. The discovery of key factors through the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique has been used in various studies, but the use of an optimized and simplified analysis pipeline is limited due to its complex and diverse programs. In this study, we present a pipeline of a simplified and effective RNA-seq analysis (PoRAS) for a transcriptome core analysis, with RNA-seq data of pepper-phytophthora infestans interaction global gene profiling, differential gene expression (DEG), and a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) then performed to validate the PoRAS. Data preprocessing and quality checks were conducted for a total of 39 transcripts using the established transcriptome analysis pipeline, and it was confirmed that 84.87–92.38% of high-quality sequences remained in each dataset. Subsequently, 2,594 DEGs were obtained through a DEG analysis, and the function of the gene cluster was confirmed through a GSEA. This led to the confirmation that the functions of the defense response, response to a biological stimulus, and the recognition of pollen appeared most significantly. These results suggest that PoRAS can be a useful tool for basic and core analyses to find and identify key genetic factors from a large amount of RNA-seq data. Through this, the analysis pipeline presented in this study, PoRAS, is deemed feasible as a strategy to secure key genetic factors if used to conduct basic to core analysis stages targeting a large amount of RNA-seq information.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eun Ji Kim, Sung Yong Jin, Hyun Soo Jung, Chi Seon Kim, Sunghee Guak, Jun Gu Lee
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different propagation methods and cutting collection time on the seedling quality and post-transplanting growth characteristics of ‘Sulhyang’ strawberry. For propagation, runner cuttings were collected three times independently from mother plants. Runners of the mother plants from pinning propagation were used as control specimens. There were 2.0, 5.3, and 6.7 cuttings per mother plant on May 8, June 5, and July 3, respectively, which indicated that collection in early May was insufficient to acquire an appropriate number of cuttings. The relationship between the number of cuttings collected and cumulative solar radiation was set as a logarithmic equation of y = 4.4113 ln (x)–24.4090. The survival rate of cuttings was highest in the June collection and lowest in the July collection based on the time sequence. During the nursery period, root activity was better in the transplants obtained in May and June compared to those obtained in July. On the day of transplanting, the top/root (T/R) ratio was lowest in the June collection and highest in the July collection based on the time sequence. The mean fruit weight was highest in the June collection, followed by the pinning propagation group, and it was lowest in the July collection. The cuttings collected in early June produced the most uniform transplants and had the most stable fruit yield among the pinning and cutting collections. In conclusion, considering the supply of a sufficient number of cuttings, the production of high-quality transplants and a more stable fruit yield, cutting propagation in early June was found to be superior to pinning propagation for ‘Sulhyang’ strawberry.
{"title":"Comparison of Propagation Methods and Cutting Collection Time Focusing on Transplant Growth, Fruit Quality, and Yield in Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)","authors":"Eun Ji Kim, Sung Yong Jin, Hyun Soo Jung, Chi Seon Kim, Sunghee Guak, Jun Gu Lee","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230001","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different propagation methods and cutting collection time on the seedling quality and post-transplanting growth characteristics of ‘Sulhyang’ strawberry. For propagation, runner cuttings were collected three times independently from mother plants. Runners of the mother plants from pinning propagation were used as control specimens. There were 2.0, 5.3, and 6.7 cuttings per mother plant on May 8, June 5, and July 3, respectively, which indicated that collection in early May was insufficient to acquire an appropriate number of cuttings. The relationship between the number of cuttings collected and cumulative solar radiation was set as a logarithmic equation of y = 4.4113 ln (x)–24.4090. The survival rate of cuttings was highest in the June collection and lowest in the July collection based on the time sequence. During the nursery period, root activity was better in the transplants obtained in May and June compared to those obtained in July. On the day of transplanting, the top/root (T/R) ratio was lowest in the June collection and highest in the July collection based on the time sequence. The mean fruit weight was highest in the June collection, followed by the pinning propagation group, and it was lowest in the July collection. The cuttings collected in early June produced the most uniform transplants and had the most stable fruit yield among the pinning and cutting collections. In conclusion, considering the supply of a sufficient number of cuttings, the production of high-quality transplants and a more stable fruit yield, cutting propagation in early June was found to be superior to pinning propagation for ‘Sulhyang’ strawberry.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GyuHyeon Park, Young Boon Lee, Eun Hye Lee, Jeong Hyun Lee
This study sought to analyze and compare the growth parameters of the two standard chrysanthemum varieties of ‘Baekma’ and ‘Iwanohakusen’ using the Gompertz and the expolinear growth function to obtain dynamic growth data for a crop growth model and a big data analysis. The photoperiod was processed for 16 hours for 50 days after planting and then for 11.5 hours until the end of the experiment. The plant height, leaf area, and the number of internodes showed a sigmoid growth pattern over time. The dynamics of growth and development of both cultivars are significantly described in measurement datasets for more than 98% R2 with the parameters of maximum growth or development (ymax), the relative growth or developmental rate (k), number of days to reach maximum growth or the developmental rate (tinf) of the Gompertz growth function. The total fresh weights of both cultivars increase linearly after the exponential increase. The fresh weights for both cultivars over time are significantly described in the measurement data sets by the three parameters of the maximum absolute growth rate (cm), maximum relative growth rate (rm), and days to reach the linear growth phase (tb) of the expolinear growth function (R2 > 0.98). The dynamic changes in the plant height, leaf area, and the number of internodes are well described by the parameters of the Gompertz growth function. The total fresh weight is well explained by the parameters of the expolinear growth function. The Gompertz and expolinear growth functions can be useful statistical tools for analyzing and summarizing growth rates of standard chrysanthemums over time. It is concluded that the growth functions and parameters of the dynamics of growth and development of standard cut chrysanthemums can be used as important growth indicators considering the growth time at production sites.
{"title":"Analysis of the Time-related Dynamics Growth and Developmental Characteristics of Standard Chrysanthemum Varieties ‘Baekma’ and ‘Iwanohakusen’","authors":"GyuHyeon Park, Young Boon Lee, Eun Hye Lee, Jeong Hyun Lee","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230007","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to analyze and compare the growth parameters of the two standard chrysanthemum varieties of ‘Baekma’ and ‘Iwanohakusen’ using the Gompertz and the expolinear growth function to obtain dynamic growth data for a crop growth model and a big data analysis. The photoperiod was processed for 16 hours for 50 days after planting and then for 11.5 hours until the end of the experiment. The plant height, leaf area, and the number of internodes showed a sigmoid growth pattern over time. The dynamics of growth and development of both cultivars are significantly described in measurement datasets for more than 98% R2 with the parameters of maximum growth or development (ymax), the relative growth or developmental rate (k), number of days to reach maximum growth or the developmental rate (tinf) of the Gompertz growth function. The total fresh weights of both cultivars increase linearly after the exponential increase. The fresh weights for both cultivars over time are significantly described in the measurement data sets by the three parameters of the maximum absolute growth rate (cm), maximum relative growth rate (rm), and days to reach the linear growth phase (tb) of the expolinear growth function (R2 > 0.98). The dynamic changes in the plant height, leaf area, and the number of internodes are well described by the parameters of the Gompertz growth function. The total fresh weight is well explained by the parameters of the expolinear growth function. The Gompertz and expolinear growth functions can be useful statistical tools for analyzing and summarizing growth rates of standard chrysanthemums over time. It is concluded that the growth functions and parameters of the dynamics of growth and development of standard cut chrysanthemums can be used as important growth indicators considering the growth time at production sites.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the effect of CO2 fertilization before harvest using 800 mol·mol-1 from November 2021 to May 2022 and vase solution treatment using slightly acidic electrolyzed water (HOCl 5 µL·L-1, pH 5.0–6.5) after harvest of Hydrangea macrophylla ‘Moonstar’. The CO2 fertilization + HOCl treatment was the longest extension of the vase life and the largest total vase solution uptake. The vase solution treatment of HOCl influenced the vase life to a greater extent than by CO2 fertilization. In the CO2 fertilization treatment, the HOCl treatment reduced the number of bacteria on the end of stems by 54% compared to that achieved without HOCl treatment. It was higher on the relatively fresh weight and vase solution uptake in CO2 fertilization + HOCl treatment than that of control after 6 days of treatment. The CO2 fertilization + TW or HOCl treatments maintained the initial fresh weight for up to 6 days after treatment. There was no difference in the ΔE value, and chlorophyll contents of leaves and flower size did not differ in all treatments. Therefore, the initial sterilization on the end of stems after harvest was an essential factor for improving the quality of cut hydrangea flowers. The vase solution treatment of HOCl 5 µL·L-1 after harvest extended the vase life of cut hydrangea flowers.
{"title":"Improving the Quality of Cut Hydrangea Flowers on Treatments of CO2 Fertilization under Pre-harvest and Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed (HOCl) Water under Postharvest","authors":"Hee Won Kim, Tae Ho Han, Young Boon Lee","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230009","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effect of CO2 fertilization before harvest using 800 mol·mol-1 from November 2021 to May 2022 and vase solution treatment using slightly acidic electrolyzed water (HOCl 5 µL·L-1, pH 5.0–6.5) after harvest of Hydrangea macrophylla ‘Moonstar’. The CO2 fertilization + HOCl treatment was the longest extension of the vase life and the largest total vase solution uptake. The vase solution treatment of HOCl influenced the vase life to a greater extent than by CO2 fertilization. In the CO2 fertilization treatment, the HOCl treatment reduced the number of bacteria on the end of stems by 54% compared to that achieved without HOCl treatment. It was higher on the relatively fresh weight and vase solution uptake in CO2 fertilization + HOCl treatment than that of control after 6 days of treatment. The CO2 fertilization + TW or HOCl treatments maintained the initial fresh weight for up to 6 days after treatment. There was no difference in the ΔE value, and chlorophyll contents of leaves and flower size did not differ in all treatments. Therefore, the initial sterilization on the end of stems after harvest was an essential factor for improving the quality of cut hydrangea flowers. The vase solution treatment of HOCl 5 µL·L-1 after harvest extended the vase life of cut hydrangea flowers.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"413 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyun Hwan Jung, Se Jin Kim, Gyeong-Rok Yang, Young-Ran Lee
This study was carried out to improve the rooting percentage and rootstock quality of Chamelaucium uncinatum ‘Mars’ and ‘Early Nir’ semi-hardwood cuttings with K-IBA total immersion or as a foliar spray application. In the total immersion case, all cuttings were immersed in K-IBA 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg·L-1 solutions for 30 seconds or for 1–4 minutes, after which they were stuck into the media. The foliar spray was applied with a solution at the same concentration to the extent that the solution dripped down from the leaf surface at one-week intervals over one, two, four, or eight weeks after cutting. Total immersion with the K-IBA 2,000 and 4,000 mg·L-1 solutions for two minutes increased the rooting ratio by more than 40% for waxflower ‘Mars’ cuttings in May. The K-IBA 500 and 1,000 mg·L-1 foliar spray applications also increased the rooting percentage by more than 50% for cuttings in Septembers. With regard to ‘Early Nir’ cutting propagation in October, the survival ratio and rooting percentage increased when immersed in the K-IBA solution, showing no adverse effects even with increasing the concentration and immersion time. The rooting percentage exceeded 50% when immersed for two and four minutes at 4,000 mg·L-1. The K-IBA foliar application also improved the survival percentage and rooting ratio, but the rooting percentage was less than 40% and decreased as the spray time was increased. From the above results, foliar spray drip down with K-IBA 500 and 1,000 mg·L-1 solutions for ‘Mars’ in September and total immersion in the K-IBA 4,000 mg·L-1 solution for two or four minutes with ‘Early Nir’ in October can be used to increase the cutting propagation efficiency of semi-hardwood cuttings, respectively.
{"title":"Effect of the K-IBA Foliar Application on the Rooting of Geraldton Waxflower ‘Mars’ and ‘Early Nir’ Semi-hardwood Cuttings","authors":"Hyun Hwan Jung, Se Jin Kim, Gyeong-Rok Yang, Young-Ran Lee","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230005","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to improve the rooting percentage and rootstock quality of Chamelaucium uncinatum ‘Mars’ and ‘Early Nir’ semi-hardwood cuttings with K-IBA total immersion or as a foliar spray application. In the total immersion case, all cuttings were immersed in K-IBA 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg·L-1 solutions for 30 seconds or for 1–4 minutes, after which they were stuck into the media. The foliar spray was applied with a solution at the same concentration to the extent that the solution dripped down from the leaf surface at one-week intervals over one, two, four, or eight weeks after cutting. Total immersion with the K-IBA 2,000 and 4,000 mg·L-1 solutions for two minutes increased the rooting ratio by more than 40% for waxflower ‘Mars’ cuttings in May. The K-IBA 500 and 1,000 mg·L-1 foliar spray applications also increased the rooting percentage by more than 50% for cuttings in Septembers. With regard to ‘Early Nir’ cutting propagation in October, the survival ratio and rooting percentage increased when immersed in the K-IBA solution, showing no adverse effects even with increasing the concentration and immersion time. The rooting percentage exceeded 50% when immersed for two and four minutes at 4,000 mg·L-1. The K-IBA foliar application also improved the survival percentage and rooting ratio, but the rooting percentage was less than 40% and decreased as the spray time was increased. From the above results, foliar spray drip down with K-IBA 500 and 1,000 mg·L-1 solutions for ‘Mars’ in September and total immersion in the K-IBA 4,000 mg·L-1 solution for two or four minutes with ‘Early Nir’ in October can be used to increase the cutting propagation efficiency of semi-hardwood cuttings, respectively.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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