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Model-based Calculations of Ventilation Rate, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Absorption Rate by Plants, and Amounts of Ventilated and Supplied CO2 for Tomato Hydroponic Greenhouse during a Winter Season 基于模型的番茄水培温室冬季通风量、植物二氧化碳吸收率及通风供气CO2量计算
4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.7235/hort.20230035
Su-Hyun Choi, Young-Hoe Woo, Dong-Cheol Jang, Young-Ae Jeong, Dae-Hyun Kim, Ho-Seok Seo, Eun-Young Choi
This study aimed to calculate ventilated carbon dioxide (CO2) and CO2 absorption by plants in a carbon dioxide (CO2) supplemental greenhouse for tomato cultivation during the winter season using a model equation in order to predict the current CO2 concentration and next CO2 supply. A targeted CO2 concentration (600 μmol·mol-1) was supplied from 10 a.m. to 13 p.m. from January 18, 2022 to March 12, 2022 using a CO2 type of fertilizer operated with LPG (liquefied petroleum gas). The ventilation rate ranged from 9.66 to 26.49 m3·m-2·h-1 at greenhouse temperature of 16 to 34°C and relative humidity (RH) of 65 to 93%. The external temperature was in the range of 3 to 20°C and external RH was 42 to 95%. The calculated net assimilation rate was in the range of 5.6 to 11.1 g·m-2·h-1, and the amount of ventilated CO2 ranged from 1.35 to 3.88 g·m-2·h-1. When the CO2 concentration (Ci) was lower than the target CO2 concentration (Cg) at the starting time of CO2 fertilization, the calculated first CO2 supply was in the range of 17.79 to 28.18 g·m-2·h-1. When the CO2 concentration at a certain time (Ct) was lower than the targeted CO2 concentration (Cg) after t hours of supply, the next CO2 supply was between 3.0 and 32.6 g·m-2·h-1. The photosynthesis rate measured at the 83 DAT showed the maximum increase with the 600 µmol·mol-1 of CO2 supplement under the 400 µmol·m-2·s-1 of PPFD, whereas the 800 µmol·mol-1 of CO2 supplement results into its maximum increase under all the PPFD levels higher than 600 µmol·m-2·s-1. Integrating all of the results suggests that during the winter season given the low light intensity, a CO2 supply exceeding 800μmol·mol-1 does not proportionally increase the net assimilation rate; thus, the CO2 supply efficiency appears to be affected more by the ventilated CO2 loss than by the net assimilation rate. These model equations can be used to control the CO2 fertilization in order to improve the yields of fruit vegetables in greenhouses.
本研究旨在利用模型方程计算番茄增效温室冬季通风CO2 (CO2)和植株吸收CO2,以预测当前CO2浓度和下一个CO2供应。从2022年1月18日到3月12日,从上午10点到下午13点,使用以液化石油气(LPG)为原料的CO2型肥料,提供目标浓度(600 μmol·mol-1)的CO2。在温室温度16 ~ 34℃、相对湿度65 ~ 93%条件下,通风量为9.66 ~ 26.49 m3·m-2·h-1。外部温度为3 ~ 20℃,外部相对湿度为42 ~ 95%。计算净同化速率为5.6 ~ 11.1 g·m-2·h-1,通风CO2量为1.35 ~ 3.88 g·m-2·h-1。当CO2施肥开始时CO2浓度(Ci)低于目标CO2浓度(Cg)时,计算得到的第一次CO2供供量为17.79 ~ 28.18 g·m-2·h-1。当供气th后某一时刻CO2浓度(Ct)低于目标CO2浓度(Cg)时,下一次CO2供气在3.0 ~ 32.6 g·m-2·h-1之间。结果表明,在PPFD浓度为400 μ mol·m-2·s-1时,CO2浓度为600 μ mol·mol-1时,光合速率增加最多,而在PPFD浓度高于600 μ mol·m-2·s-1时,CO2浓度为800 μ mol·mol-1时,光合速率增加最多。综上所述,在光照强度较低的冬季,超过800μmol·mol-1的CO2供给量不会成比例地增加净同化速率;因此,CO2供应效率似乎更多地受到通风CO2损失而不是净同化率的影响。这些模型方程可用于控制温室温室的CO2施肥,以提高水果蔬菜的产量。
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引用次数: 0
Response of Photosynthetic Characteristics to Different Salicylic Acid Concentrations in Relation to Waterlogging Resistance in Zanthoxylum armatum 花椒光合特性对不同水杨酸浓度的响应与抗涝性的关系
4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.7235/hort.20230032
Peiyun Wang, Chengyi Su, Jiaojiao Wu, Yuxin Xie, Jiangtao Fan, Jingyan Wang, Wenkai Hui, Hua Yang, Wei Gong
Zanthoxylum armatum (Rutaceae) is an important spice and a traditional medicinal plant in southwest China. Owing to its shallow root system, it is highly susceptible to waterlogging stress. To evaluate how an exogenous salicylic acid (SA) application reduces photosynthetic damage in Z. armatum under waterlogging stress conditions, the content of photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were studied under different SA concentrations (0, 1 and 2 mM) and different numbers of waterlogging days (1, 2 and 3 d) to identify the mechanisms underlying the seedlings’ waterlogging response. The results showed that waterlogging significantly affects the photosynthetic characteristics in leaves. An exogenous SA application increased the contents of photosynthetic pigments as well as the transpiration rate (Tr), net leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), water use efficiency (WUE), actual quantum efficiency (ΦPSII), photosystem II (PSII) maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), PSII photochemical efficiency in light (Fv'/Fm'), and electron transport rate (ETR), whereas the treatment decreased the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) and minimum fluorescence (Fo). Therefore, the SA application helps improve the photosynthetic efficiency and reduce photodamage to Z. armatum in the event of waterlogging stress.
花椒(Zanthoxylum armatum)是中国西南地区重要的香料和传统药用植物。由于根系较浅,对涝渍胁迫非常敏感。为了研究外源水杨酸(SA)对涝渍胁迫下柽柳幼苗光合损伤的影响,研究了不同水杨酸浓度(0、1和2 mM)和不同涝渍天数(1、2和3 d)下水杨酸对柽柳幼苗光合色素含量、气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数的影响,探讨了水杨酸对柽柳幼苗涝渍响应的机制。结果表明,涝渍对叶片光合特性影响显著。外源SA处理增加了光合色素含量、蒸腾速率(Tr)、净叶片光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、水分利用效率(WUE)、实际量子效率(ΦPSII)、光系统II (PSII)最大量子效率(Fv/Fm)、PSII光化学效率(Fv'/Fm')和电子传递速率(ETR),而降低了细胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)。非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)和最小荧光(Fo)。因此,在涝渍胁迫下,施SA有助于提高柽柳的光合效率,减少对柽柳的光损伤。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of 1-Naphthaleneacetic Acid on the Panicle and Fruit Characteristics of ‘Irwin’ Mango Trees 1-萘乙酸对“欧文”芒果树穗部和果实特性的影响
4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.7235/hort.20230033
Sun Woo Chung, Yeon Jin Jang, Chan Kyu Lim, Seolah Kim, Seong Choel Kim
Excessive vegetative growth of mangoes inhibits reproductive growth during greenhouse cultivation, resulting in a loss of fruit production. To investigate the effect of a 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) treatment, two concentrations (30 and 70 mg·L-1) were applied to the shoot apices of ‘Irwin’ mango cultivars. With changes in greenhouse temperatures, the characteristics of the reproductive organs were determined at BBCH (Biologische, Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt, and Chemische Industrie) scales of 615 and 809. During flower bud initiation, the maximum temperature reached 35°C, and the minimum temperature dropped to 5°C; the daily difference ranged from 1.3 to 23.9°C. The NAA treatment induced increased panicle emergence rates and reduced panicle malformation. In the flowering pattern, the flowering time was reduced, especially with 70 mg·L-1 NAA. The relative panicle quality index indicated that trees treated with 30 mg·L-1 NAA had the highest value, followed by the control and those treated with 70 mg·L-1 NAA. Additionally, the NAA treatment significantly increased fruit diameters and weights compared to the control. However, firmness decreased after the NAA treatment. Overall, this study highlights the potential of a NAA treatment as a tool for improving the yield and quality of mango crops, particularly under challenging environmental conditions.
在温室栽培过程中,芒果的营养生长过度会抑制生殖生长,造成果实产量的损失。为了研究1-萘乙酸(NAA)处理对‘欧文’芒果品种茎尖的影响,采用30和70 mg·L-1浓度的NAA处理。随着温室温度的变化,在BBCH (Biologische, Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt, Chemische Industrie)尺度615和809下测定了生殖器官的特征。在花芽形成过程中,最高温度达到35℃,最低温度降至5℃;日差异在1.3至23.9°C之间。NAA处理提高了穗出芽率,减少了穗畸形。在花型上,以70 mg·L-1 NAA处理的花期明显缩短。相对穗质量指数表明,30 mg·L-1 NAA处理的树最高,其次是对照和70 mg·L-1 NAA处理的树。此外,与对照相比,NAA处理显著增加了果实的直径和重量。然而,NAA处理后硬度下降。总的来说,这项研究强调了NAA处理作为提高芒果作物产量和质量的工具的潜力,特别是在具有挑战性的环境条件下。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Different Varieties, Processing Methods, Harvesting Times, and Storage Periods on the Quality of Maca 不同品种、加工方法、采收时间和储存期对玛卡品质的影响
4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.7235/hort.20230041
Tingting Xu, Xiaoya Chen, Xiuming Cui, Chengxiao Wang, Lisha Qiu
Maca, Lepidium meyenii Walpers (Brassicaceae), has been the subject of much research due to its unique biological activity. Maca is widely distributed in Yunnan Province, China, but is not well recognized in the market. In this study, through a chemical analysis, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and principal component analysis (PCA), the nutritional and bioactive components of different varieties, processing methods, harvesting times, and storage periods of maca were determined and analyzed. The results indicated that whole maca when dried at 35°C, harvested around the winter solstice and planted at an altitude of about 3,000 meters was favorable for the production of nutrients and bioactive components. Compared to black maca, yellow maca had higher levels of glucosinolates, flavonoids, alkaloids and macamides. In addition, a shorter storage period (less than one year) of maca leads to a higher content of bioactive components. The findings here provide a scientific basis for the cultivation and origin processing of maca.
玛咖(Lepidium meyenii Walpers,芸苔科)因其独特的生物活性而受到广泛的研究。玛咖在中国云南省分布广泛,但在市场上知名度不高。本研究通过化学分析、高效液相色谱(HPLC)和主成分分析(PCA)等方法,对不同品种、不同加工方法、不同采收时间和不同储存期玛咖的营养成分和生物活性成分进行了测定和分析。结果表明,全玛咖在35℃干燥、冬至前后收获、海拔3000米左右种植有利于营养成分和生物活性成分的产生。与黑玛咖相比,黄玛咖含有更高水平的硫代葡萄糖苷、类黄酮、生物碱和玛咖酰胺。此外,玛咖的储存期较短(不到一年),导致其生物活性成分含量较高。研究结果为玛咖的栽培和产地加工提供了科学依据。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Predictions of Garlic Bulb Weight using LASSO Regression Model 大蒜鳞茎质量LASSO回归模型预测分析
4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.7235/hort.20230040
Junki Kim, Hyungyong Lee, Tongjoo Suh
As part of a preemptive response to ensure a stable supply and demand policy for garlic (Allium sativum L.), the Korean government strives to determine the final yield of garlic by observing its growth status by season. In particular, estimation of the bulb weight of garlic is one of the main steps in estimating garlic production, conducting observational work on spherical weight prediction is getting more important is getting more important. The observation data on garlic can be viewed as data for predicting the final weight, but since root growth occurs intensively at a specific time, there is a limit to predicting the final bulb weight only by the bulb weight corresponding to each observation time point. In addition, since the factors affecting the final bulb weight of garlic may be different for each growing stage, an estimation is required for each stage to predict the final bulb weight at each time point. In this study, garlic bulb weight estimation analysis, which reflects the characteristics of Korean garlic grown in an outfield, is performed using growth survey data. A stage-by-stage model for predicting the bulb weight of garlic at each time point is established, based on the fact that the factors influencing the bulb weight of garlic may differ according to the growth stage. In the process, LASSO regression is used for variable selection and coefficient estimation of the bulb weight of garlic. As a result of the estimation, significant factors regarding growth, lot and environment were identified stage by stage, providing indicators for forecasting final bulb weight of garlic at each stage.
为了确保大蒜(Allium sativum L.)的稳定供需政策,韩国政府正在努力通过观察大蒜的生长情况,确定大蒜的最终产量。特别是大蒜球茎质量的估计是大蒜产量估计的主要步骤之一,进行球茎质量预测的观测工作变得越来越重要。大蒜的观测数据可以作为预测最终重量的数据,但由于根生长集中在特定时间,因此仅通过每个观测时间点对应的鳞茎重量来预测最终鳞茎重量是有局限性的。此外,由于影响大蒜最终鳞茎重的因素在每个生长期可能不同,因此需要对每个生长期进行估计,以预测每个时间点的最终鳞茎重。在本研究中,大蒜鳞茎重量估计分析,反映了韩国大蒜生长在外场的特点,使用生长调查数据进行。根据大蒜生长阶段不同,影响大蒜鳞茎质量的因素不同,建立了各时间点大蒜鳞茎质量的分阶段预测模型。在此过程中,采用LASSO回归进行大蒜鳞茎质量的变量选择和系数估计。通过估算,分阶段确定了生长、地段、环境等方面的显著因子,为预测各阶段大蒜最终鳞茎重提供了指标。
{"title":"Analysis of Predictions of Garlic Bulb Weight using LASSO Regression Model","authors":"Junki Kim, Hyungyong Lee, Tongjoo Suh","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230040","url":null,"abstract":"As part of a preemptive response to ensure a stable supply and demand policy for garlic (Allium sativum L.), the Korean government strives to determine the final yield of garlic by observing its growth status by season. In particular, estimation of the bulb weight of garlic is one of the main steps in estimating garlic production, conducting observational work on spherical weight prediction is getting more important is getting more important. The observation data on garlic can be viewed as data for predicting the final weight, but since root growth occurs intensively at a specific time, there is a limit to predicting the final bulb weight only by the bulb weight corresponding to each observation time point. In addition, since the factors affecting the final bulb weight of garlic may be different for each growing stage, an estimation is required for each stage to predict the final bulb weight at each time point. In this study, garlic bulb weight estimation analysis, which reflects the characteristics of Korean garlic grown in an outfield, is performed using growth survey data. A stage-by-stage model for predicting the bulb weight of garlic at each time point is established, based on the fact that the factors influencing the bulb weight of garlic may differ according to the growth stage. In the process, LASSO regression is used for variable selection and coefficient estimation of the bulb weight of garlic. As a result of the estimation, significant factors regarding growth, lot and environment were identified stage by stage, providing indicators for forecasting final bulb weight of garlic at each stage.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135990545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimization of the TRV-based Gene Silencing Efficiency and Growth Condition on Solanum lycopersicum var. ‘Hawaii7996’ Resistant to Bacterial Wilt Disease 抗青枯病番茄品种‘夏威夷7996’trv基因沉默效率及生长条件的优化
4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.7235/hort.20230039
Nayoung Kim, Won-Hee Kang, Ji-Su Kwon, Hyo-Jin Kim, Boseul Park, Seon-In Yeom
Ralstonia solanacearum (R. sol), a pathogen that causes wilt symptoms, is widely distributed in many regions. Breeding plants resistant against this pathogen is well known as the most effective control method. To this end, it is necessary to reveal the function of resistance genes, and virus- induced gene-silencing (VIGS) technology is one of the most widely used methods for analyzing gene functions. However, the problem with functional analysis of bacterial wilt resistance genes based on VIGS is the conflicting temperature environments of inoculated strains. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify optimal plant size and temperature conditions for experiments using two srains considering a less complicated functional analysis of R. sol resistant candidate genes. We applied five different temperatures and then assessed the disease progress of R. sol inoculated tomatoes. The plants with the highest VIGS efficiency were those treated at 22°C for four weeks (4L), three weeks at a low temperature and one week at 30°C (3L1H), and two weeks at 22°C and two weeks at 30°C (2L2H). Also, we confirmed the most suitable temperature for identifying candidate genes against R. sol was found to be 22°C for plants grown for three weeks, followed by 30°C for one week. The results of this study can provide useful data to those seeking to establish a foundation for functional analysis research focusing on genes related to tomato bacterial wilt resistance.
茄枯病菌(Ralstonia solanacearum, R. sol)是一种引起青枯病的病原菌,广泛分布在许多地区。培育对该病菌具有抗性的植物是众所周知的最有效的防治方法。为此,有必要揭示抗性基因的功能,而病毒诱导基因沉默(VIGS)技术是目前应用最广泛的基因功能分析方法之一。然而,基于VIGS的抗青枯病基因功能分析存在接种菌株温度环境冲突的问题。因此,本研究的目的是考虑到对土壤抗性候选基因不太复杂的功能分析,确定两个菌株实验的最佳植株大小和温度条件。采用5种不同温度对接种番茄进行了病害防治。VIGS效率最高的植物是在22°C条件下处理4周(4L),在30°C条件下处理3周(3L1H),在22°C和30°C条件下处理2周(2L2H)。结果表明,22°C是培养3周的最佳温度,30°C是培养1周的最佳温度。本研究结果可为番茄抗青枯病相关基因的功能分析研究奠定基础。
{"title":"Optimization of the TRV-based Gene Silencing Efficiency and Growth Condition on Solanum lycopersicum var. ‘Hawaii7996’ Resistant to Bacterial Wilt Disease","authors":"Nayoung Kim, Won-Hee Kang, Ji-Su Kwon, Hyo-Jin Kim, Boseul Park, Seon-In Yeom","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230039","url":null,"abstract":"Ralstonia solanacearum (R. sol), a pathogen that causes wilt symptoms, is widely distributed in many regions. Breeding plants resistant against this pathogen is well known as the most effective control method. To this end, it is necessary to reveal the function of resistance genes, and virus- induced gene-silencing (VIGS) technology is one of the most widely used methods for analyzing gene functions. However, the problem with functional analysis of bacterial wilt resistance genes based on VIGS is the conflicting temperature environments of inoculated strains. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify optimal plant size and temperature conditions for experiments using two srains considering a less complicated functional analysis of R. sol resistant candidate genes. We applied five different temperatures and then assessed the disease progress of R. sol inoculated tomatoes. The plants with the highest VIGS efficiency were those treated at 22°C for four weeks (4L), three weeks at a low temperature and one week at 30°C (3L1H), and two weeks at 22°C and two weeks at 30°C (2L2H). Also, we confirmed the most suitable temperature for identifying candidate genes against R. sol was found to be 22°C for plants grown for three weeks, followed by 30°C for one week. The results of this study can provide useful data to those seeking to establish a foundation for functional analysis research focusing on genes related to tomato bacterial wilt resistance.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135990546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Seasonal Variations in Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in the Leaves of Sasa quelpaertensis 桂花莎草叶中生物活性成分及抗氧化活性的季节变化
4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.7235/hort.20230037
Min Hye Kang, Yu Mi Han, Yun Ji Lee, Yun-Jeong Ji, Hyun-A Seong, Hyung Don Kim
Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai (SQ; Jeju-Joritdae) is an endemic species in Korea distributed on Jeju Island. This plant, which is typically used as a type of herbal tea, has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-melanogenic effects. We investigated variations in the chemical compositions of the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of SQ leaves based on the harvest time and assessed its radical scavenging abilities using 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, while also assessing its ability to inhibit cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The levels of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai leaf water extract (SQW) differed by season. SQW collected in the spring, in which the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were highest, also contained the highest levels of vanillic acid and isoorientin (6-C-glycosylflavone) among the different extracts collected. This extract exhibited the second highest radical scavenging activity and the highest cellular ROS inhibitory ability in PC12 neuronal cells. Thus, spring is the most appropriate season for the collection of SQ leaves from the wild and for the harvesting of SQ leaves in the field for industrial use. SQ leaves harvested in the spring, with high levels of neuroprotective bioactive compounds, including vanillic acid and isoorientin, may be a promising material for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai (SQ;济州鸟属(Jeju- joritdae)是韩国特有种,分布于济州岛。这种植物通常被用作一种草药茶,具有抗炎、抗癌、抗氧化和抗黑素生成的作用。利用2,2′-氮基-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS+)和2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶酰肼(DPPH)测定法测定了其清除自由基的能力,同时测定了其抑制细胞活性氧(ROS)的能力。夏草叶水提物(SQW)的生物活性化合物含量和抗氧化活性随季节而变化。春季采收的黄芪总酚和类黄酮含量最高,其中香草酸和异荭草苷(6- c -糖基黄酮)含量也最高。该提取物在PC12神经元细胞中具有第二高的自由基清除活性和最高的细胞ROS抑制能力。因此,春季是采集野生南方英叶和在田间收获工业用南方英叶的最适宜季节。春天收获的SQ叶含有高水平的神经保护生物活性化合物,包括香草酸和异荭草苷,可能是预防神经退行性疾病的有希望的材料。
{"title":"Seasonal Variations in Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in the Leaves of Sasa quelpaertensis","authors":"Min Hye Kang, Yu Mi Han, Yun Ji Lee, Yun-Jeong Ji, Hyun-A Seong, Hyung Don Kim","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230037","url":null,"abstract":"Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai (SQ; Jeju-Joritdae) is an endemic species in Korea distributed on Jeju Island. This plant, which is typically used as a type of herbal tea, has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-melanogenic effects. We investigated variations in the chemical compositions of the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of SQ leaves based on the harvest time and assessed its radical scavenging abilities using 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, while also assessing its ability to inhibit cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The levels of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai leaf water extract (SQW) differed by season. SQW collected in the spring, in which the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were highest, also contained the highest levels of vanillic acid and isoorientin (6-C-glycosylflavone) among the different extracts collected. This extract exhibited the second highest radical scavenging activity and the highest cellular ROS inhibitory ability in PC12 neuronal cells. Thus, spring is the most appropriate season for the collection of SQ leaves from the wild and for the harvesting of SQ leaves in the field for industrial use. SQ leaves harvested in the spring, with high levels of neuroprotective bioactive compounds, including vanillic acid and isoorientin, may be a promising material for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135990549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative Analysis between the ITS TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay and CAPS for the Rapid Molecular Identification of Zoysia japonica and Zoysia sinica, Related Hybrid Lines, and the Habitat Distribution of Each Species ITS TaqMan SNP基因分型与CAPS快速分子鉴定结缕草、结缕草及其相关杂交种及生境分布的比较分析
4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.7235/hort.20230042
Dae-Hwa Yang, Ok-Cheol Jeong, Yu-Ryang Kim, Mi-Jeong Kang, Yang-Ji Kim, Ji-Hi Son, Seong-Seop Han, Mi-Young Park, Il-Doo Jin, In-Ja Song, Min-Ji Hong, Hyeon-Jin Sun, Hong-Gyu Kang, Hyo-Yeon Lee
In this study, zoysiagrasses found in a major province of the Korean peninsula were collected and identified by molecular techniques. The zoysiagrasses used in this study were collected from mountainous national parks; ‘oreum’ areas; and from inland, coastal and island areas, including marine and coastal national parks on the west, east, and south coasts. Molecular identification was done by means of a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker analysis based on the nrDNA-internal transcribed spacer (ITS) method established by our research team. Additionally, in this study the ITS-based TaqMan single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assay was developed and used to perform molecular identification more rapidly and accurately. In total, 450 collected zoysiagrass plants were classified into three lines (234 Zoysia japonica plants, 62 Zoysia sinica plants, and 154 Z. japonica and Z. sinica hybrid plants) by molecular identification based on the ITS-based CAPS marker analysis and ITS-based TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. The results of the ITS-based TaqMan SNP genotyping assay were consistent with those of the ITS-based CAPS marker analysis. Both the ITS-based CAPS marker analysis and the ITS-based TaqMan SNP genotyping assay were found to be efficient molecular methods to identify the three species of zoysiagrasses. Specifically, the ITS-based TaqMan SNP genotyping assay method developed in this study produced results more rapidly compared to the ITS-based CAPS marker analysis method. The habitat distributions of each of the molecularly identified zoysiagrass plants investigated in this study were also assessed. The Z. japonica plants were mainly distributed in mountainous national parks and oreum areas as well as inland and coastal areas. The Z. sinica plants were distributed along the coast and on rocks and stones frequently submerged in seawater. The Z. japonica and Z. sinica hybrid plants were distributed more in the inland, coastal, and island areas than in the mountainous national parks and oreum areas. Findings related to the leaf blade width as a main external morphological classification characteristic of the molecularly identified 450 zoysiagrass plants are described below. The leaf blade width ranged from 4 to 5 mm for the Z. japonica plants, from 2 to 4 mm for the Z. sinica plants, and from 3 to 4 mm for the Z. japonica and Z. sinica hybrid plants. Additionally, some Z. japonica and Z. sinica plants and Z. japonica and Z. sinica hybrid plants with leaf blade widths of 2 to 3, 4 to 5, and from 2 to 3 and 4 to 5 mm, respectively, were also present. Because the ranges of the leaf blade width of each species overlapped, it was difficult to identify the hybrid lines using this metric. The feasibility of the developed molecular identification method for these three species of zoysiagrasses was confirmed in this study.
本研究收集了朝鲜半岛一个主要省份的结缕草,并利用分子技术对其进行了鉴定。本研究使用的结缕草采自山地国家公园;“oreum”;内陆、沿海和岛屿地区,包括西部、东部和南部海岸的海洋和沿海国家公园。分子鉴定采用本课组建立的nrdna -内部转录间隔物(ITS)方法,采用裂解扩增多态性序列(CAPS)标记分析。此外,本研究还开发了基于its的TaqMan单核苷酸多态性(SNP)基因分型试验,并用于更快速、准确地进行分子鉴定。通过基于its的CAPS标记分析和基于its的TaqMan SNP基因分型分析,将收集到的450株结缕草分为3个系(234株日本结缕草,62株中国结缕草,154株日本结缕草与中国结缕草杂交)。基于its的TaqMan SNP基因分型分析结果与基于its的CAPS标记分析结果一致。基于its的CAPS标记分析和基于its的TaqMan SNP基因分型分析都是鉴定三种结缕草的有效分子方法。具体来说,与基于its的CAPS标记分析方法相比,本研究开发的基于its的TaqMan SNP基因分型分析方法产生结果的速度更快。并对分子鉴定的结缕草类植物的生境分布进行了评价。粳稻植物主要分布在山地国家公园和森林地区以及内陆和沿海地区。黄竹属植物分布在沿海和经常被海水淹没的岩石上。粳稻和中稻杂交植物主要分布在内陆、沿海和海岛地区,而不是山地国家公园和森林地区。下面描述了分子鉴定的450种结缕草植物的叶片宽度作为主要外部形态分类特征的相关发现。粳稻叶片宽度为4 ~ 5mm,黄花苜蓿叶片宽度为2 ~ 4mm,黄花苜蓿与黄花苜蓿杂交叶片宽度为3 ~ 4mm。此外,还存在叶片宽度为2 ~ 3 mm、4 ~ 5 mm、2 ~ 3 mm和4 ~ 5 mm的部分粳稻-中华稻和粳稻-中华稻杂交植株。由于各种属叶片宽度的变化范围存在重叠,因此使用该指标对杂交品系进行鉴定比较困难。本研究证实了所建立的结缕草分子鉴定方法的可行性。
{"title":"Comparative Analysis between the ITS TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay and CAPS for the Rapid Molecular Identification of Zoysia japonica and Zoysia sinica, Related Hybrid Lines, and the Habitat Distribution of Each Species","authors":"Dae-Hwa Yang, Ok-Cheol Jeong, Yu-Ryang Kim, Mi-Jeong Kang, Yang-Ji Kim, Ji-Hi Son, Seong-Seop Han, Mi-Young Park, Il-Doo Jin, In-Ja Song, Min-Ji Hong, Hyeon-Jin Sun, Hong-Gyu Kang, Hyo-Yeon Lee","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230042","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, zoysiagrasses found in a major province of the Korean peninsula were collected and identified by molecular techniques. The zoysiagrasses used in this study were collected from mountainous national parks; ‘oreum’ areas; and from inland, coastal and island areas, including marine and coastal national parks on the west, east, and south coasts. Molecular identification was done by means of a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker analysis based on the nrDNA-internal transcribed spacer (ITS) method established by our research team. Additionally, in this study the ITS-based TaqMan single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assay was developed and used to perform molecular identification more rapidly and accurately. In total, 450 collected zoysiagrass plants were classified into three lines (234 Zoysia japonica plants, 62 Zoysia sinica plants, and 154 Z. japonica and Z. sinica hybrid plants) by molecular identification based on the ITS-based CAPS marker analysis and ITS-based TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. The results of the ITS-based TaqMan SNP genotyping assay were consistent with those of the ITS-based CAPS marker analysis. Both the ITS-based CAPS marker analysis and the ITS-based TaqMan SNP genotyping assay were found to be efficient molecular methods to identify the three species of zoysiagrasses. Specifically, the ITS-based TaqMan SNP genotyping assay method developed in this study produced results more rapidly compared to the ITS-based CAPS marker analysis method. The habitat distributions of each of the molecularly identified zoysiagrass plants investigated in this study were also assessed. The Z. japonica plants were mainly distributed in mountainous national parks and oreum areas as well as inland and coastal areas. The Z. sinica plants were distributed along the coast and on rocks and stones frequently submerged in seawater. The Z. japonica and Z. sinica hybrid plants were distributed more in the inland, coastal, and island areas than in the mountainous national parks and oreum areas. Findings related to the leaf blade width as a main external morphological classification characteristic of the molecularly identified 450 zoysiagrass plants are described below. The leaf blade width ranged from 4 to 5 mm for the Z. japonica plants, from 2 to 4 mm for the Z. sinica plants, and from 3 to 4 mm for the Z. japonica and Z. sinica hybrid plants. Additionally, some Z. japonica and Z. sinica plants and Z. japonica and Z. sinica hybrid plants with leaf blade widths of 2 to 3, 4 to 5, and from 2 to 3 and 4 to 5 mm, respectively, were also present. Because the ranges of the leaf blade width of each species overlapped, it was difficult to identify the hybrid lines using this metric. The feasibility of the developed molecular identification method for these three species of zoysiagrasses was confirmed in this study.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135990548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of Starfish and Lacquer Tree By-product Fertilizer on Growth of Tomato Plants 海星和漆树副肥对番茄植株生长的影响
4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.7235/hort.20230034
Jung Eun Bae, Hae Keun Yun, Kyung il Park, Sang Gon Suh
This study was conducted for investigate the effect of Starfish and Lacquer Tree by-product Fertilizer on Growth of Tomato Plants. When starfish and lacquer fertilizers were applied to tomatoes, the results of the root survival rate after transplanting tomatoes showed 93% root survival rate both in the control group and 10% starfish treatment, whereas 100% survival rate from 10% lacquer treatment, and 5% starfish with 5% lacquer mix. After transplanting, plant height was 173.0cm in10% lacquer treatment, and 191.13cm in 5% starfish with 5% lacquer mix were significantly higher than those of 144.5cm in 10% starfish single treatment. Chlorophyll content was significantly higher at 1.90 mg/g in the 5% mixed treatment group of starfish and lacquer compared to those of 1.47 mg/g in control. Among dry matter, 10% of starfish and 10% of lacquer treatments showed 13.69 g, which was 1.73 times higher compared to 7.92 g in control. Calcium content was significantly higher at 14.68 mg/L in the 5% mixture of starfish and lacquer compared to 11.41 mg/L in control. The higher the calcium content and hardness during storage, the lower the blossom-end rot incidence. The hardness of the fruit was the best in the mixed treatment of 5% starfish and 5% lacquer, and the shelf life was maintained over 60% even on December 8th. The highest tomato weight and marketable yield showed in the mixed fertilizer of 5% starfish and 5% lacquer. Therefore, the mixed 5% starfish with 5% lacquer tree by-product fertilizer can be used to promote the production and to improve the quality of tomato fruits preferred in markets
本试验研究了海星和漆树副肥对番茄植株生长的影响。在番茄上施用海星和漆肥时,番茄移栽后根系成活率结果显示,对照组和10%海星处理的根系成活率均为93%,而10%漆肥处理和5%海星与5%漆肥混合处理的根系成活率均为100%。移栽后,5%海星和5%海星的株高分别为173.0cm和191.13cm,显著高于10%海星单独处理的144.5cm。5%海星漆混合处理组叶绿素含量为1.90 mg/g显著高于对照组的1.47 mg/g。干物质中,10%的海星处理和10%的漆处理为13.69 g,是对照组7.92 g的1.73倍。5%海星漆混合物钙含量为14.68 mg/L,显著高于对照11.41 mg/L。贮藏过程中钙含量和硬度越高,花端腐病发生率越低。5%海星和5%漆混合处理的果实硬度最好,即使在12月8日也保持了60%以上的保质期。5%海星与5%漆混合施用的番茄重和商品量最高。因此,5%海星与5%漆树副肥混合施用可促进番茄产量,提高市场首选番茄果实的品质
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引用次数: 0
Effects of the Air Temperature and Root Zone Temperature in Greenhouses on the Early Growth of Tomatoes 温室气温和根区温度对番茄早期生长的影响
4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.7235/hort.20230036
Se Hun Ju, Beom Seon Lee, Eun Ji Kim, Yoon Go, Jin Sub Park, Haeyoung Na
In this study, experiments were conducted to develop an efficient method of the early cultivation of tomatoes by implementing temperature control in the root zone. The greenhouse air temperature was maintained at 20, 25, 30, and 35°C during the daytime (12 hours) and at 18°C during the nighttime (12 hours). The experiment was conducted by setting the root zone temperature to 15, 20, 25, and 30°C for each air temperature. The growth of seedlings was found to be optimal when the root zone temperature was adjusted to 25 and 30°C for an air temperature of 30°C and the root zone temperature was adjusted to 20 and 25°C for an air temperature of 35°C. Regarding the root length, overall growth was favorable when the root zone temperature was adjusted to 20°C across all air temperature conditions. The leaf area and number of leaves showed the best growth when treated with a combination of an air temperature of 35°C and a root zone temperature of 25°C. The T/R ratio reached its high point at a root zone temperature 15°C due to the inhibited root growth. The compactness of tomato seedlings was high in the treatment with a root zone temperature of 20 in all air temperature treatment. The CGR (crop growth rate) and RGR (relative growth rate) were favorable at the root zone temperature of 20°C at all air temperature treatments. Based on the overall experimental results, it can be concluded that setting the root zone temperature to 20 or 25°C is effective for the early growth of tomatoes at air temperatures of 25, 30, and 35°C. The results of this study can help when regulating the early growth of crops in high and low air temperature conditions.
本研究通过对番茄根区进行温度控制,建立了一种有效的番茄早期栽培方法。温室空气温度在白天(12小时)保持在20、25、30和35℃,在夜间(12小时)保持在18℃。在不同的空气温度下,根区温度分别设置为15、20、25、30℃。当空气温度为30℃时,根区温度调节为25℃和30℃,当空气温度为35℃时,根区温度调节为20℃和25℃,幼苗生长最佳。在所有空气温度条件下,根区温度为20℃时,根长总体生长有利。在空气温度为35℃和根区温度为25℃的组合处理下,叶面积和叶数的生长最好。在根区温度为15℃时,由于根系生长受到抑制,T/R比达到最大值。在全空气温度处理下,根区温度为20℃时,番茄幼苗密实度较高。在根区温度为20℃时,各温度处理的作物生长速率(CGR)和相对生长速率(RGR)均较好。综合试验结果可知,在25℃、30℃和35℃的空气温度下,根区温度设置为20℃或25℃对番茄早期生长是有效的。本研究的结果可以帮助在高温和低温条件下调节作物的早期生长。
{"title":"Effects of the Air Temperature and Root Zone Temperature in Greenhouses on the Early Growth of Tomatoes","authors":"Se Hun Ju, Beom Seon Lee, Eun Ji Kim, Yoon Go, Jin Sub Park, Haeyoung Na","doi":"10.7235/hort.20230036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230036","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, experiments were conducted to develop an efficient method of the early cultivation of tomatoes by implementing temperature control in the root zone. The greenhouse air temperature was maintained at 20, 25, 30, and 35°C during the daytime (12 hours) and at 18°C during the nighttime (12 hours). The experiment was conducted by setting the root zone temperature to 15, 20, 25, and 30°C for each air temperature. The growth of seedlings was found to be optimal when the root zone temperature was adjusted to 25 and 30°C for an air temperature of 30°C and the root zone temperature was adjusted to 20 and 25°C for an air temperature of 35°C. Regarding the root length, overall growth was favorable when the root zone temperature was adjusted to 20°C across all air temperature conditions. The leaf area and number of leaves showed the best growth when treated with a combination of an air temperature of 35°C and a root zone temperature of 25°C. The T/R ratio reached its high point at a root zone temperature 15°C due to the inhibited root growth. The compactness of tomato seedlings was high in the treatment with a root zone temperature of 20 in all air temperature treatment. The CGR (crop growth rate) and RGR (relative growth rate) were favorable at the root zone temperature of 20°C at all air temperature treatments. Based on the overall experimental results, it can be concluded that setting the root zone temperature to 20 or 25°C is effective for the early growth of tomatoes at air temperatures of 25, 30, and 35°C. The results of this study can help when regulating the early growth of crops in high and low air temperature conditions.","PeriodicalId":17858,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135990334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology
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