Composite wound dressings which combine the suitable properties of distinct materials into one dressing are currently being explored, in combination with different types of bioactive compounds, to enhance the healing process and avoid skin infections. In the present work, poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan nanofibers containing Agrimonia eupatoria L. were fabricated using a needleless electrospinning method (through Nanospider technology) and deposited on top of a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cotton textile dressing. The negatively charged carboxyl groups on the cotton fibers interacted with the positively charged amino groups of chitosan, which was previously blended with poly(vinyl alcohol) and Agrimonia eupatoria L. to produce the nanofiber layer. The properties of the produced composite materials were analyzed to determine the dressing’s potential for antimicrobial wound dressing applications. Keywords: cotton, textile dressing, electrospun nanofibers, Agrimonia eupatoria L., antibacterial composite wound dressings
{"title":"Agrimonia Eupatoria L.-Incorporated Electrospun Nanofibers and Cotton Composite for Antibacterial Wound Dressing Applications","authors":"Cláudia Mouro, R. Fangueiro, I. Gouveia","doi":"10.18502/kms.v7i1.11607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v7i1.11607","url":null,"abstract":"Composite wound dressings which combine the suitable properties of distinct materials into one dressing are currently being explored, in combination with different types of bioactive compounds, to enhance the healing process and avoid skin infections. In the present work, poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan nanofibers containing Agrimonia eupatoria L. were fabricated using a needleless electrospinning method (through Nanospider technology) and deposited on top of a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cotton textile dressing. The negatively charged carboxyl groups on the cotton fibers interacted with the positively charged amino groups of chitosan, which was previously blended with poly(vinyl alcohol) and Agrimonia eupatoria L. to produce the nanofiber layer. The properties of the produced composite materials were analyzed to determine the dressing’s potential for antimicrobial wound dressing applications. \u0000Keywords: cotton, textile dressing, electrospun nanofibers, Agrimonia eupatoria L., antibacterial composite wound dressings","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89136792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohit K. Sharma, R. Aguado, A. Valente, D. Murtinho, P. Ferreira
Despite changes in optical and printing properties, the applied coating components on the paper surface have a significant impact on the surface chemistry of office paper. Depending on the use, such as ink penetration for printing and writing papers, an optimal hydrophobic and hydrophilic balance may be beneficial. In this study, several coating components including starch betainate, Pluronics, and precipitated calcium carbonate were employed to coat base paper (paper without any surface treatment). The influence of these components on water penetration was investigated using dynamic penetration. When compared to native starch coated papers, paper coated with starch betainate (a cationic starch ester) showed reduction in hydrophobicity and increased water penetration. Moreover, this effect was further enhanced with the use of Pluronics. Likewise, hydrophobicity decreased as the concentration of starch betainate, precipitated calcium carbonate and Pluronics increased. Furthermore, water penetrated even more quickly when the combination of these components compared with the individual component coatings. Keywords: hydrophobicity, PCC, Pluronics, starch betainate, water penetration
{"title":"Dynamic Penetration Profile of Starch Betainate, Pluronics and PCC Coated Papers","authors":"Mohit K. Sharma, R. Aguado, A. Valente, D. Murtinho, P. Ferreira","doi":"10.18502/kms.v7i1.11629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v7i1.11629","url":null,"abstract":"Despite changes in optical and printing properties, the applied coating components on the paper surface have a significant impact on the surface chemistry of office paper. Depending on the use, such as ink penetration for printing and writing papers, an optimal hydrophobic and hydrophilic balance may be beneficial. In this study, several coating components including starch betainate, Pluronics, and precipitated calcium carbonate were employed to coat base paper (paper without any surface treatment). The influence of these components on water penetration was investigated using dynamic penetration. When compared to native starch coated papers, paper coated with starch betainate (a cationic starch ester) showed reduction in hydrophobicity and increased water penetration. Moreover, this effect was further enhanced with the use of Pluronics. Likewise, hydrophobicity decreased as the concentration of starch betainate, precipitated calcium carbonate and Pluronics increased. Furthermore, water penetrated even more quickly when the combination of these components compared with the individual component coatings. \u0000Keywords: hydrophobicity, PCC, Pluronics, starch betainate, water penetration","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74097512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Silva, Ana Maria Antão-Geraldes, A. Albuquerque
Two potential measures for increasing water use efficiency in a municipal sports center were evaluated: (1) the reuse of water originating from showers in the flushing toilets in the indoor football court building; and (2) the reuse of water from swimming pool filter backwashing for irrigation. In the indoor football court building the total annual water consumption is around 3,500.5 m3 and from the showers is approximately 1,785.26 m3. Therefore, the greywater generated in showers can be reused in toilet flushing, which consumes about 840.12 m3 per year. The estimated annual water consumption for filter backwashing is 4,197.6 m3. The annual amount of water necessary for irrigating the lawn of the local football stadium is around 7,200 m³. Thus, the filter backwashed water, after being subjected to a sedimentation process, could be fully reused for this purpose. Keywords: water efficiency, water reuse, swimming pools filter backwashing reuse, sports center, sustainability
{"title":"Water Reuse in a Municipal Sports Center","authors":"F. Silva, Ana Maria Antão-Geraldes, A. Albuquerque","doi":"10.18502/kms.v7i1.11624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v7i1.11624","url":null,"abstract":"Two potential measures for increasing water use efficiency in a municipal sports center were evaluated: (1) the reuse of water originating from showers in the flushing toilets in the indoor football court building; and (2) the reuse of water from swimming pool filter backwashing for irrigation. In the indoor football court building the total annual water consumption is around 3,500.5 m3 and from the showers is approximately 1,785.26 m3. Therefore, the greywater generated in showers can be reused in toilet flushing, which consumes about 840.12 m3 per year. The estimated annual water consumption for filter backwashing is 4,197.6 m3. The annual amount of water necessary for irrigating the lawn of the local football stadium is around 7,200 m³. Thus, the filter backwashed water, after being subjected to a sedimentation process, could be fully reused for this purpose. \u0000Keywords: water efficiency, water reuse, swimming pools filter backwashing reuse, sports center, sustainability","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73240128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Sofia Rodrigues, L. Ciríaco, Maria José Pacheco, A. Lopes
Perovskites BaTiO3 and BaFeO3 were prepared by the ceramic and complex polymerization methods and the substituted perovskites La0.2Ba0.8TiO3, BaFe0.8Ti0.2O3, and BaFe0.6Ti0.4O3 were prepared by the ceramic method. All of them were used as photocatalytic material for the degradation of the pharmaceutical diclofenac under visible light. The best diclofenac degradation results were obtained with the substituted perovskite La0.2Ba0.8TiO3 (46%), prepared by the ceramic method, and with the nonsubstituted perovskite BaFeO3 (43%), prepared by the complex polymerization method. Keywords: visible light, perovskites, photocatalysis, (La,Ba)(Fe,Ti)O3, diclofenac
{"title":"Diclofenac Photodegradation Under Visible Light With (La,Ba)(Fe,Ti)O3 Perovskites","authors":"Ana Sofia Rodrigues, L. Ciríaco, Maria José Pacheco, A. Lopes","doi":"10.18502/kms.v7i1.11613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v7i1.11613","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskites BaTiO3 and BaFeO3 were prepared by the ceramic and complex polymerization methods and the substituted perovskites La0.2Ba0.8TiO3, BaFe0.8Ti0.2O3, and BaFe0.6Ti0.4O3 were prepared by the ceramic method. All of them were used as photocatalytic material for the degradation of the pharmaceutical diclofenac under visible light. The best diclofenac degradation results were obtained with the substituted perovskite La0.2Ba0.8TiO3 (46%), prepared by the ceramic method, and with the nonsubstituted perovskite BaFeO3 (43%), prepared by the complex polymerization method. \u0000Keywords: visible light, perovskites, photocatalysis, (La,Ba)(Fe,Ti)O3, diclofenac","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82641830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Souiad, Y. Bendaoud-Boulahlib, Wafa Kerkatou, A. Fernandes, Chibani Aissa, A. Lopes
In this study, agricultural waste was utilized as new bio-inhibitors to prevent scale formation in hard waters. Aqueous extracts of strawberry and tomato leaves were utilized for reducing the scale deposits formed on metallic surfaces by Bounouara ground hard water, which supplies Constantine city in Algeria. Anti-scaling properties were evaluated by chronoamperometry and impedancemetry techniques. The effect of temperature and concentration on the efficiency of the bio-inhibitors was assessed. The results showed that the anti-scaling effect of strawberry leaf extracts started at the very low concentration of 1 ppm, with 31% efficiency, reaching complete scaling inhibition at 15 ppm (20ºC), whereas the inhibitory effect of tomato leaf extracts was noticed at 2.5 ppm, with 36% efficiency, and total inhibition at 20 ppm (20ºC). The efficiency of strawberry and tomato leaf extracts at 40∘C was also confirmed, although total inhibition was attained at a higher concentration. Keywords: hard water, agricultural waste, strawberry leaves, tomato leaves, bioinhibitors, scaling inhibition
{"title":"Investigation of Agricultural Waste as Economical and Effective Bio-Inhibitors for Inhibiting Scaling in Natural Hard Water","authors":"F. Souiad, Y. Bendaoud-Boulahlib, Wafa Kerkatou, A. Fernandes, Chibani Aissa, A. Lopes","doi":"10.18502/kms.v7i1.11618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v7i1.11618","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, agricultural waste was utilized as new bio-inhibitors to prevent scale formation in hard waters. Aqueous extracts of strawberry and tomato leaves were utilized for reducing the scale deposits formed on metallic surfaces by Bounouara ground hard water, which supplies Constantine city in Algeria. Anti-scaling properties were evaluated by chronoamperometry and impedancemetry techniques. The effect of temperature and concentration on the efficiency of the bio-inhibitors was assessed. The results showed that the anti-scaling effect of strawberry leaf extracts started at the very low concentration of 1 ppm, with 31% efficiency, reaching complete scaling inhibition at 15 ppm (20ºC), whereas the inhibitory effect of tomato leaf extracts was noticed at 2.5 ppm, with 36% efficiency, and total inhibition at 20 ppm (20ºC). The efficiency of strawberry and tomato leaf extracts at 40∘C was also confirmed, although total inhibition was attained at a higher concentration. \u0000Keywords: hard water, agricultural waste, strawberry leaves, tomato leaves, bioinhibitors, scaling inhibition","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79725414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedro Correia, C. Ribeiro, H. Chaves, F. Carvalho, A. Almeida
The aim of this work was to evaluate the possibility of boron removal from synthetic wastewater using a vertical constructed flow (VFCW) planted with Vetiveria zizanioides. Two boron concentrations were used (15 ± 1 and 30 ± 1 mg L−1) and a hydraulic load (HL) of 191 ± 10 L m−2d−1. The wastewater samples were taken and the flow rate in the inlet and outlet of the VFCW were measured. The levels of dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH and boron were determined in the wastewater. The concentrations of the essential elements and nutrients, namely total Kjeldhal nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium in above growth biomass composition were measured. The results showed that: boron removal efficiencies depended on the boron concentration, so 60 ± 3% was obtained for the 15 mg L−1 concentration and 26 ± 2% for 30 mg L−1; calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium concentrations in the vegetal biomass decreased to the boron concentration of 30 mg L−1, and boron may have interfered with Vetiveria zizanioides growth. Keywords: biomass composition, boron removal, light expanded clay aggregates, Vetiveria zizanioides, vertical flow constructed wetland
本研究的目的是评价种植香根草的垂直构建流(VFCW)去除合成废水中硼的可能性。使用两种硼浓度(15±1和30±1 mg L−1)，水力负荷(HL)为191±10 L m−2d−1。采集了废水样品，测量了VFCW进出口的流量。测定了废水中溶解氧、电导率、pH和硼的含量。测定了上述生长生物量组成中必需元素和营养物质即总凯氏氮、磷、钙、镁、钠和钾的浓度。结果表明:硼的去除率与硼的浓度有关，15mg L−1的去除率为60±3%，30mg L−1的去除率为26±2%;植物生物量中钙、镁、钾和钠的浓度降至硼浓度为30 mg L−1，硼可能干扰了香根草的生长。关键词:生物质组成，脱硼，轻膨胀粘土团聚体，香根草，垂直流人工湿地
{"title":"Phytoremediation of Boron From Wastewater in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands","authors":"Pedro Correia, C. Ribeiro, H. Chaves, F. Carvalho, A. Almeida","doi":"10.18502/kms.v7i1.11620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v7i1.11620","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to evaluate the possibility of boron removal from synthetic wastewater using a vertical constructed flow (VFCW) planted with Vetiveria zizanioides. Two boron concentrations were used (15 ± 1 and 30 ± 1 mg L−1) and a hydraulic load (HL) of 191 ± 10 L m−2d−1. The wastewater samples were taken and the flow rate in the inlet and outlet of the VFCW were measured. The levels of dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH and boron were determined in the wastewater. The concentrations of the essential elements and nutrients, namely total Kjeldhal nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium in above growth biomass composition were measured. The results showed that: boron removal efficiencies depended on the boron concentration, so 60 ± 3% was obtained for the 15 mg L−1 concentration and 26 ± 2% for 30 mg L−1; calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium concentrations in the vegetal biomass decreased to the boron concentration of 30 mg L−1, and boron may have interfered with Vetiveria zizanioides growth. \u0000Keywords: biomass composition, boron removal, light expanded clay aggregates, Vetiveria zizanioides, vertical flow constructed wetland","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"283 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73161081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofia Silva, Jasmine Barata, V. Lopes, A. Barata, A. Gomes, Lucia Maria Silva, Ana Luísa Fernando
This study focused on five different subspecies of Portuguese Daucus carota L., to identify the main compounds in the essential oils of umbels from each subspecies. The isolation of the essential oils was performed by hydrodistillation methods followed by further composition analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, ultimately demonstrating that each subspecies had different major compounds. This study concluded that the main compounds found in Daucus carota subsp. maritimus were geranyl acetate, followed by trans-methyl-isoeugenol, α-pinene, cis-asarone and elemicin. Daucus carota subsp. hispidus presented with the major compounds as geranyl acetate, caryophyllene oxide, trans-methyl-isoeugenol and sabinene. For Daucus carota subsp. maximus, the major compounds were cis-asarone, geranyl acetate and elemicin, which was similar to Daucus carota subsp. carota which presented with the major compounds as geranyl acetate, cis-asarone, trans-methylisoeugenol and α-pinene. Finally, the major components of Daucus carota subsp. sativus were carotol and daucol. Keywords: essential oils, chemical composition, Daucus carota, hydrodistillation, GC-MS
{"title":"Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils in Portuguese Daucus Carota Subspecies","authors":"Sofia Silva, Jasmine Barata, V. Lopes, A. Barata, A. Gomes, Lucia Maria Silva, Ana Luísa Fernando","doi":"10.18502/kms.v7i1.11610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v7i1.11610","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on five different subspecies of Portuguese Daucus carota L., to identify the main compounds in the essential oils of umbels from each subspecies. The isolation of the essential oils was performed by hydrodistillation methods followed by further composition analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, ultimately demonstrating that each subspecies had different major compounds. This study concluded that the main compounds found in Daucus carota subsp. maritimus were geranyl acetate, followed by trans-methyl-isoeugenol, α-pinene, cis-asarone and elemicin. Daucus carota subsp. hispidus presented with the major compounds as geranyl acetate, caryophyllene oxide, trans-methyl-isoeugenol and sabinene. For Daucus carota subsp. maximus, the major compounds were cis-asarone, geranyl acetate and elemicin, which was similar to Daucus carota subsp. carota which presented with the major compounds as geranyl acetate, cis-asarone, trans-methylisoeugenol and α-pinene. Finally, the major components of Daucus carota subsp. sativus were carotol and daucol. \u0000Keywords: essential oils, chemical composition, Daucus carota, hydrodistillation, GC-MS","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89776319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Correia, A. Almeida, A. Durão, A. Pardal, T. Borralho
Due to the negative effects of its main inflows, the water quality of Roxo stream, located in southern Portugal, an area characterized by Mediterranean climate, is degraded, causing consequences in irrigated agricultural activity. The eco technology of floating beds was used to improve the quality of this water. Three Vetiver zizinioides floating beds (3.3 m2/unit; density 40.5 plants/m2) were placed on the Roxo stream in May 2020 and the water quality was monitored until December 2020 in two places: at the floating beds location and 100 m higher up in the stream. The load mass was calculated for both sampling points and the removal rate for each parameter was monitored. The average removal rates obtained were: (i) TN = 33%; (ii) TP = 43%; (iii) COD = 44%; and (iv) Cl- = 15%. The DO level increased slightly, and the pH remained neutral. Although the water quality improved, the quality was still not high enough to be able to use the water for irrigation and to achieve good ecological status. Keywords: Roxo stream, surface water quality, real scale, floating beds, Vetiver zizinioides
{"title":"Use of Vetiver Zizinioides Floating Beds to Improve the Quality of Surface Water in a Mediterranean Climate","authors":"J. Correia, A. Almeida, A. Durão, A. Pardal, T. Borralho","doi":"10.18502/kms.v7i1.11615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v7i1.11615","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the negative effects of its main inflows, the water quality of Roxo stream, located in southern Portugal, an area characterized by Mediterranean climate, is degraded, causing consequences in irrigated agricultural activity. The eco technology of floating beds was used to improve the quality of this water. Three Vetiver zizinioides floating beds (3.3 m2/unit; density 40.5 plants/m2) were placed on the Roxo stream in May 2020 and the water quality was monitored until December 2020 in two places: at the floating beds location and 100 m higher up in the stream. The load mass was calculated for both sampling points and the removal rate for each parameter was monitored. The average removal rates obtained were: (i) TN = 33%; (ii) TP = 43%; (iii) COD = 44%; and (iv) Cl- = 15%. The DO level increased slightly, and the pH remained neutral. Although the water quality improved, the quality was still not high enough to be able to use the water for irrigation and to achieve good ecological status. \u0000Keywords: Roxo stream, surface water quality, real scale, floating beds, Vetiver zizinioides","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"190 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73946734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Almeida, J. Oliveira, Flávia Matias, C. Ribeiro, D. Silveira, J. Tavares
This work evaluated caffeine removal in a vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW), planted with Vetiveria zizanioides. The feeding was continuous (synthetic influent: mineral medium and caffeine) to reduce the concentration variations in the bed. Two influent concentrations (0.75 ± 1.0 mg·L−1 and 1.5 ± 1.0 mg·L−1) were used with a constant hydraulic load (100 ± 10 L·m−2·d−1). Plant growth was monitored weekly, and characterization was carried out to determine the levels of chlorophyll a and b, pigments and carotenoids, and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium). HPLC-MS was used to determine the caffeine concentration. The caffeine removal efficiency reached averages of 93 ± 1% and 87 ± 1% (retention time: 6.23 ± 0.23 hours). The caffeine contents in the influent did not affect chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll or carotenoids, and an increasing trend throughout the tests was observed. Sodium and potassium contents also showed an increase with higher caffeine concentration. This preliminary study showed that removing caffeine from wastewater using a VFCW is promising. Keywords: wastewater, emergent pollutants, caffeine, vertical flow constructed wetlands, Vetiveria zizanioides
{"title":"Removal of Emergent Pollutants by a Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland with Vetiveria Zizanioides: A Case Study for Caffeine","authors":"A. Almeida, J. Oliveira, Flávia Matias, C. Ribeiro, D. Silveira, J. Tavares","doi":"10.18502/kms.v7i1.11622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/kms.v7i1.11622","url":null,"abstract":"This work evaluated caffeine removal in a vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW), planted with Vetiveria zizanioides. The feeding was continuous (synthetic influent: mineral medium and caffeine) to reduce the concentration variations in the bed. Two influent concentrations (0.75 ± 1.0 mg·L−1 and 1.5 ± 1.0 mg·L−1) were used with a constant hydraulic load (100 ± 10 L·m−2·d−1). Plant growth was monitored weekly, and characterization was carried out to determine the levels of chlorophyll a and b, pigments and carotenoids, and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium). HPLC-MS was used to determine the caffeine concentration. The caffeine removal efficiency reached averages of 93 ± 1% and 87 ± 1% (retention time: 6.23 ± 0.23 hours). The caffeine contents in the influent did not affect chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll or carotenoids, and an increasing trend throughout the tests was observed. Sodium and potassium contents also showed an increase with higher caffeine concentration. This preliminary study showed that removing caffeine from wastewater using a VFCW is promising. \u0000Keywords: wastewater, emergent pollutants, caffeine, vertical flow constructed wetlands, Vetiveria zizanioides","PeriodicalId":17908,"journal":{"name":"KnE Materials Science","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91026139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Josivaldo Sátiro, Sanderson Leitão, A. Gomes, R. Simões, A. Albuquerque
Technologies based on microalgae-bacteria seem to be sustainable options for wastewater treatment and reuse, with lower costs than conventional biological treatment technologies. Furthermore, they can generate added-value products produced from algae biomass. Among other advantages, the consortium bacteriaalgae produce photosynthetic oxygen through the microalgae, which can be used by aerobic bacteria for oxidizing organic matter and nitrogen, thus reducing the need for introducing artificial oxygen. In this review paper, the main systems that use microalgaebacteria consortium are discussed. Microalgae-bacteria present advantages in the removal of organics, nitrogen and phosphorus, when compared with conventional biological treatment systems (e.g., activated sludge, percolating filters and ponds), and are able to produce final effluents for reuse (e.g., in agricultural irrigation, industry or aquifer recharge) and excess of microalgae that can be converted to added-value products such as biogas and biofuels. Attention is given to the innovative aspects of applying photobioreators to the treatment and reuse of pulp and paper effluents and fiber-waste-based recycling wastewaters, which seems to open a new opportunity for the pulp, paper and recycling paper industries. Keywords: fiber-waste-based industry, microalgae-bacteria consortium, removal of nutrients, wastewater treatment
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