Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.51878/language.v3i3.2467
EDY SUPARYANTO
The background of the classroom action research is the facts that the activity and the result of study of Class XII IPS-2 MAN 4 Sleman Academic year 2021/2022 was low. Special treatment to increase both is needed and the researcher choose Index Card Match (ICM) in the English Class. The steps of ICM as follows : the teacher prepare cards containing questions and ones containing the answers. Both cards containing questions and ones containing answers were disordered and given to the students. Each student has to find their partners as works as pairs and discus the contents of the cards, after that, presenting is a must. At the end of the implementation of ICM, the teacher clarify the contents of the cards. The data shows that at the first cycle, 50 % students categorized high, and at the second cycle increase 83,33 % or the increasement is 33,33 %. Students’ activity categorized middle is 35,71 at the first cycle and becomes 11,90 % at the second cycle. It means that total number of students’ activity categorized middle and low decreased because of reaching high category. Completeness of study result before the method implemented is 24 %, at the first cycle is 28,6% or there is increasement of 4,6 %, while at the second cycle is 66,7 % or the increasement is 38.1 %. The implementation of ICM can increase the students’ activity and the result of study. The model of teaching learning process by using ICM is recommended to be applied in other subject of teaching-learning process. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi fakta bahwa keaktifan dan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XII IPS-2 MAN 4 Sleman tahun ajaran 2021/2022 masih rendah. Diperlukan perlakuan khusus agar keaktifan dan hasil belajar meningkat. Perlakuan khusus yang dipilih adalah model pembelajaran Index Card Match (ICM), dengan tahapan : guru menyiapkan kartu-kartu soal dan kartu-kartu jawaban. Kartu soal dan kartu jawaban tersebut diacak kemudian dibagikan kepada seluruh peserta didik. Setiap peserta didik akan menerima kartu dan wajib menemukan pasangannya, sehingga setiap pasangan akan memperolah soal beserta jawaban dan mendiskusikannya berpasangan serta presentasi. Di akhir pembelajaran guru melakukan klarifikasi dan kesimpulan. Sesudah ICM diterapkan diperoleh data : pada siklus pertama keaktifan peserta didik katagori tinggi 50 % sedangkan pada siklus kedua diperoleh 83,33 % sehingga terjadi kenaikan 33,33 %. Keaktifan katagori sedang 35,71 pada siklus pertama menjadi 11,90 % pada siklus kedua. Sedangkan keaktifan katagori rendah 14,29 pada siklus pertama menjadi 4,76 pada siklus kedua. Artinya keaktifan katagori sedang dan rendah semakin sedikit karena terjadi kenaikan pada keaktifan katagori tinggi. Ketuntasan hasil belajar pra siklus 24 %, ketuntasan pada siklus pertama 28,6% atau kenaikan 4,6 %, sedangkan ketuntasan siklus kedua 66,7 % atau kenaikan 38.1 %. Penerapan model pembelajaran ICM dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar, sehingga model ini direkomendasi untuk
本次课堂行动研究的背景是，在Sleman 2021/2022学年，12班的活动和学习成果都很低。需要对两者进行特殊处理，研究者在英语课堂中选择了索引卡匹配(ICM)。ICM的步骤如下:教师准备包含问题的卡片和包含答案的卡片。写有问题的卡片和写有答案的卡片都被弄乱了，然后发给学生。每个学生必须找到自己的伙伴，两人一组讨论卡片的内容，然后进行展示。在ICM实施的最后，老师澄清了卡片的内容。数据显示，在第一个周期，50%的学生被评为高，在第二个周期增加了83,33%或增加了33,33%。学生的活动在第一周期为35.71%，在第二周期为11.90%。这意味着中低类别学生的活动总数由于达到高类别而减少。方法实施前的研究结果完成率为24%，第一个周期为28.6%或增加4.6%，第二个周期为66.7%或增加38.1%。ICM的实施可以提高学生的积极性和学习效果。建议将ICM的教学过程模型应用到其他学科的教学过程中。[摘要]penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi fakta bahwa keaktifan dan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas [12] ps -2 MAN 4 Sleman tahun ajaran 2021/2022 masih rendah。Diperlukan perlakuan khusus agar keaktifan dan hasil belajar meningkat。Perlakuan khusus yang dipilih adalah模型pembelajaran索引卡匹配(ICM)， dengan tahapan: guru menyiapkan kartu-kartu soal dan kartu-kartu jawaban。Kartu soal dan Kartu jawaban tersebut diacak kemudian dibagikan kepada seluruh peserta didik。set peserta didik akan menerima kartu danwajib menemukan pasangannya, seinga setap pasangan akan memperolah sosoberserta jawaban danmendiskusikannya berpasangan serta presentasi。Di akhir pembelajaran大师melakukan klarifikasi dan kespulan。Sesudah ICM diterapkan diperoleh数据:pada siklus pertama keaktifan peserta didik katagori tinggi 50% sedangkan pada siklus kedua diperoleh 83,33 % sehinga terjadi kenaikan 33,33 %。Keaktifan katagori sedang 35,71 paada sikus pertama menjadi 11,90 paada sikus kedua。Sedangkan keaktifan katagori rendah 14,29 pada siklus pertama menjadi 4,76 pada siklus kedua。Artinya keaktifan katagori sedang dan rendah semakin sedikit karena terjadi kenaikan pakada keaktifan katagori tinggi。Ketuntasan hasil belajar pra siklus 24%， Ketuntasan paada siklus pertama 28.6%， atau kenaikan 4,6 %， sedangkan Ketuntasan siklus kedua 66,7 %， atau kenaikan 38.1%。日本模型pembelajan ICM dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajan, seinga model ini direkomendasi untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajan。
{"title":"PENINGKATAN KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA PELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INDEX CARD MATCH PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XII IPS-2 MAN 4 SLEMAN","authors":"EDY SUPARYANTO","doi":"10.51878/language.v3i3.2467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51878/language.v3i3.2467","url":null,"abstract":"The background of the classroom action research is the facts that the activity and the result of study of Class XII IPS-2 MAN 4 Sleman Academic year 2021/2022 was low. Special treatment to increase both is needed and the researcher choose Index Card Match (ICM) in the English Class. The steps of ICM as follows : the teacher prepare cards containing questions and ones containing the answers. Both cards containing questions and ones containing answers were disordered and given to the students. Each student has to find their partners as works as pairs and discus the contents of the cards, after that, presenting is a must. At the end of the implementation of ICM, the teacher clarify the contents of the cards. The data shows that at the first cycle, 50 % students categorized high, and at the second cycle increase 83,33 % or the increasement is 33,33 %. Students’ activity categorized middle is 35,71 at the first cycle and becomes 11,90 % at the second cycle. It means that total number of students’ activity categorized middle and low decreased because of reaching high category. Completeness of study result before the method implemented is 24 %, at the first cycle is 28,6% or there is increasement of 4,6 %, while at the second cycle is 66,7 % or the increasement is 38.1 %. The implementation of ICM can increase the students’ activity and the result of study. The model of teaching learning process by using ICM is recommended to be applied in other subject of teaching-learning process. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi fakta bahwa keaktifan dan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XII IPS-2 MAN 4 Sleman tahun ajaran 2021/2022 masih rendah. Diperlukan perlakuan khusus agar keaktifan dan hasil belajar meningkat. Perlakuan khusus yang dipilih adalah model pembelajaran Index Card Match (ICM), dengan tahapan : guru menyiapkan kartu-kartu soal dan kartu-kartu jawaban. Kartu soal dan kartu jawaban tersebut diacak kemudian dibagikan kepada seluruh peserta didik. Setiap peserta didik akan menerima kartu dan wajib menemukan pasangannya, sehingga setiap pasangan akan memperolah soal beserta jawaban dan mendiskusikannya berpasangan serta presentasi. Di akhir pembelajaran guru melakukan klarifikasi dan kesimpulan. Sesudah ICM diterapkan diperoleh data : pada siklus pertama keaktifan peserta didik katagori tinggi 50 % sedangkan pada siklus kedua diperoleh 83,33 % sehingga terjadi kenaikan 33,33 %. Keaktifan katagori sedang 35,71 pada siklus pertama menjadi 11,90 % pada siklus kedua. Sedangkan keaktifan katagori rendah 14,29 pada siklus pertama menjadi 4,76 pada siklus kedua. Artinya keaktifan katagori sedang dan rendah semakin sedikit karena terjadi kenaikan pada keaktifan katagori tinggi. Ketuntasan hasil belajar pra siklus 24 %, ketuntasan pada siklus pertama 28,6% atau kenaikan 4,6 %, sedangkan ketuntasan siklus kedua 66,7 % atau kenaikan 38.1 %. Penerapan model pembelajaran ICM dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar, sehingga model ini direkomendasi untuk ","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/lan.2023.a907010
Marisa Brook, Emily Blamire
Abstract: This article argues that language play is intimately related to linguistic variation and change. Using two corpora of online present-day English, we investigate playful conversion of adjectives into abstract nouns (e.g. made of awesome ∅), uncovering consistent rule-governed patterning in the grammatical constraints in spite of this option stemming from deliberate subversion of standard overt suffixation. Building on Haspelmath's (1999) notion of 'extravagance' as one of the keys to language change, we account for the systematic patterning of deliberate linguistic subversion by appealing to tension between the need to stand out and the need to remain intelligible. While we do not claim that language play is the only cause of linguistic change, our findings position language play as a constant source of new linguistic variants in very large numbers, a small proportion of which endure as changes. Our conclusion is that language play goes a long way toward accounting for linguistic innovations—with respect to where they come from and why languages change at all.
摘要:语言游戏与语言的变异和变化密切相关。使用在线现代英语的两个语料库，我们研究了形容词转换为抽象名词的有趣转换(例如made of awesome∅)，揭示了语法约束中一致的规则支配模式，尽管这种选择源于故意颠覆标准的明显后缀。在哈斯佩尔马斯(1999)的“奢侈”概念作为语言变化的关键之一的基础上，我们通过呼吁在需要脱颖而出和需要保持可理解性之间的紧张关系来解释故意语言颠覆的系统模式。虽然我们并不认为语言游戏是语言变化的唯一原因，但我们的研究结果表明，语言游戏是大量新语言变体的持续来源，其中一小部分随着变化而持续存在。我们的结论是，语言游戏在解释语言创新方面有很长的路要走——就语言的来源和语言变化的原因而言。
{"title":"Language play is language variation: Quantitative evidence and what it implies about language change","authors":"Marisa Brook, Emily Blamire","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a907010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a907010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article argues that language play is intimately related to linguistic variation and change. Using two corpora of online present-day English, we investigate playful conversion of adjectives into abstract nouns (e.g. made of awesome ∅), uncovering consistent rule-governed patterning in the grammatical constraints in spite of this option stemming from deliberate subversion of standard overt suffixation. Building on Haspelmath's (1999) notion of 'extravagance' as one of the keys to language change, we account for the systematic patterning of deliberate linguistic subversion by appealing to tension between the need to stand out and the need to remain intelligible. While we do not claim that language play is the only cause of linguistic change, our findings position language play as a constant source of new linguistic variants in very large numbers, a small proportion of which endure as changes. Our conclusion is that language play goes a long way toward accounting for linguistic innovations—with respect to where they come from and why languages change at all.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/lan.2023.a907016
Andreas Trotzke
Abstract: This article reports on the beginning of a new pan-European enterprise called pedagogical linguistics, which can be distinguished from related approaches on several grounds. Crucially, pedagogical linguistics centers on teaching structural properties of 'language', not just properties of specific languages. Although this crosslinguistic perspective on language is already part of language practitioners' training, student teachers are often not able to draw the connection between formal linguistic training and their teaching in a multilingual classroom. Pedagogical linguistics addresses this lack of awareness and therefore aims at raising 'linguistic' awareness (in addition to language awareness) by highlighting the relevance of formal structural concepts for language pedagogy.
{"title":"Pedagogical linguistics: Connecting formal linguistics to language teaching","authors":"Andreas Trotzke","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a907016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a907016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article reports on the beginning of a new pan-European enterprise called pedagogical linguistics, which can be distinguished from related approaches on several grounds. Crucially, pedagogical linguistics centers on teaching structural properties of 'language', not just properties of specific languages. Although this crosslinguistic perspective on language is already part of language practitioners' training, student teachers are often not able to draw the connection between formal linguistic training and their teaching in a multilingual classroom. Pedagogical linguistics addresses this lack of awareness and therefore aims at raising 'linguistic' awareness (in addition to language awareness) by highlighting the relevance of formal structural concepts for language pedagogy.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/lan.2023.a907013
Kenyon Branan, Michael Yoshitaka Erlewine
Abstract: Anti-pied-piping is a widespread but understudied phenomenon where a language targets a proper subpart of the logical focus for focus morphosyntax: for example, focus particle placement or focus movement. We show that anti-pied-piping is attested in over sixty languages from over forty distinct language groups. We present a theory of focus particle syntax/semantics that involves severing the pronounced position of a focus particle and the logical position of its corresponding semantic contribution, which successfully accounts for both anti-pied-piping and pied-piping behavior. Constraints on attested anti-pied-piping behavior and its interaction with movement show that particle placement takes place at particular, punctuated points in the derivation, in a cyclic model of syntactic structure building. We also discuss the relation of particle placement to other processes such as linearization and stress assignment.
{"title":"Anti-Pied-Piping","authors":"Kenyon Branan, Michael Yoshitaka Erlewine","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a907013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a907013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Anti-pied-piping is a widespread but understudied phenomenon where a language targets a proper subpart of the logical focus for focus morphosyntax: for example, focus particle placement or focus movement. We show that anti-pied-piping is attested in over sixty languages from over forty distinct language groups. We present a theory of focus particle syntax/semantics that involves severing the pronounced position of a focus particle and the logical position of its corresponding semantic contribution, which successfully accounts for both anti-pied-piping and pied-piping behavior. Constraints on attested anti-pied-piping behavior and its interaction with movement show that particle placement takes place at particular, punctuated points in the derivation, in a cyclic model of syntactic structure building. We also discuss the relation of particle placement to other processes such as linearization and stress assignment.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/lan.2023.a907015
Liqhwa Siziba, Busani Maseko
Abstract: This article is a critical analysis of principles for the provision of translanguaging in the language policy of North-West University. It draws on the conceptualization of translanguaging as a transformative, inclusive, and empowering practice (Cenoz & Gorter 2022a,b, Kleyn & García 2019, Tai 2022) and attempts to uncover the mood and dispositions of the university toward mainstreaming this practice for the inclusion of indigenous African languages in teaching and learning. We discuss how the wording of the provisions reveals the language policy to be power-inflected, reproducing contestations between indigenous and ex-colonial languages. The article ends by suggesting a continuous review of the language policy to eliminate vague and escapist policy provisions.
摘要:本文对西北大学语言政策中提供翻译的原则进行了批判性分析。它借鉴了译语作为一种变革性、包容性和赋权实践的概念(Cenoz &Gorter 2022a,b, Kleyn &García 2019, Tai 2022)，并试图揭示该大学将这一实践纳入主流的情绪和倾向，以便将土著非洲语言纳入教学和学习。我们讨论了这些条款的措辞如何揭示了语言政策受到权力的影响，再现了土著语言和前殖民地语言之间的争论。文章最后建议对语言政策进行持续的审查，以消除模糊和逃避现实的政策条款。
{"title":"Mainstreaming translanguaging pedagogy through language policy: Opportunities and challenges in a South African university","authors":"Liqhwa Siziba, Busani Maseko","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a907015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a907015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article is a critical analysis of principles for the provision of translanguaging in the language policy of North-West University. It draws on the conceptualization of translanguaging as a transformative, inclusive, and empowering practice (Cenoz & Gorter 2022a,b, Kleyn & García 2019, Tai 2022) and attempts to uncover the mood and dispositions of the university toward mainstreaming this practice for the inclusion of indigenous African languages in teaching and learning. We discuss how the wording of the provisions reveals the language policy to be power-inflected, reproducing contestations between indigenous and ex-colonial languages. The article ends by suggesting a continuous review of the language policy to eliminate vague and escapist policy provisions.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/lan.2023.a907009
Dmitry Ganenkov
Abstract: This article documents a previously unattested variety of obligatory control (OC) in the Nakh-Daghestanian language Chirag Dargwa, which lies at the intersection between two phenomena known from previous research: overt controlled subjects and partial control. Despite being less widespread crosslinguistically, these two phenomena do occur in various unrelated languages and are known to not quite fit in with existing theories of OC. Combined in a single construction, they yield a new empirical option in the typology of OC and provide evidence in favor of a pro analysis of controlled subjects.
{"title":"Partial control with overt embedded subjects in Chirag","authors":"Dmitry Ganenkov","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a907009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a907009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article documents a previously unattested variety of obligatory control (OC) in the Nakh-Daghestanian language Chirag Dargwa, which lies at the intersection between two phenomena known from previous research: overt controlled subjects and partial control. Despite being less widespread crosslinguistically, these two phenomena do occur in various unrelated languages and are known to not quite fit in with existing theories of OC. Combined in a single construction, they yield a new empirical option in the typology of OC and provide evidence in favor of a pro analysis of controlled subjects.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/lan.2023.a907239
Ryan Bennett, Robert Henderson, Meg Harvey
{"title":"Vowel Deletion as Grammatically Controlled Gestural Overlap in Uspanteko: Supplementary material","authors":"Ryan Bennett, Robert Henderson, Meg Harvey","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a907239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a907239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/lan.2023.a907011
Soohyun Kwon
Abstract: This study investigates the linguistic outcome of migration-induced dialect contact in contemporary urban settings by tracking the development of the variable deletion of /w/ in Seoul Korean. The results from apparent-time and real-time analyses reveal that the rate of postconsonantal /w/-deletion, which previously had been rising, has begun to fall. In addition, the strong effect of the preceding consonant on this deletion has weakened significantly. Meanwhile, the rate of non-postconsonantal /w/-deletion has continued to rise, and, for younger speakers, non-postconsonantal /w/-deletion now patterns similarly with postconsonantal /w/-deletion. I argue that the dilution of the original pattern of the deletion rule is the result of the interplay between linguistic diffusion induced by a massive influx of migrants into Seoul and phonological restructuring by subsequent generations.
{"title":"The development of phonological patterns in an urban dialect contact setting: Evidence from Seoul Korean","authors":"Soohyun Kwon","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a907011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a907011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This study investigates the linguistic outcome of migration-induced dialect contact in contemporary urban settings by tracking the development of the variable deletion of /w/ in Seoul Korean. The results from apparent-time and real-time analyses reveal that the rate of postconsonantal /w/-deletion, which previously had been rising, has begun to fall. In addition, the strong effect of the preceding consonant on this deletion has weakened significantly. Meanwhile, the rate of non-postconsonantal /w/-deletion has continued to rise, and, for younger speakers, non-postconsonantal /w/-deletion now patterns similarly with postconsonantal /w/-deletion. I argue that the dilution of the original pattern of the deletion rule is the result of the interplay between linguistic diffusion induced by a massive influx of migrants into Seoul and phonological restructuring by subsequent generations.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/lan.2023.a907014
Reviewed by: Variation in second and heritage languages: Crosslinguistic perspectives ed. by Robert Bayley, Dennis R. Preston, and Xiaoshi Li Elaine Tarone Variation in second and heritage languages: Crosslinguistic perspectives. Ed. by Robert Bayley, Dennis R. Preston, and Xiaoshi Li. (Studies in language variation 28.) Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2022. Pp. 365. ISBN 9789027211149. $158 (Hb). This edited volume centers upon variability in second and heritage languages as a necessary attribute of all language development and change, focusing particularly on variability in learners' language that is primarily tied to linguistic context. As the editors and authors of the introductory chapter correctly state, the idea that the utterances produced by second language (L2) learners are variably influenced by both social and linguistic context is not new. They state that the intended contribution of this volume is to expand scholarship in three areas of research on developmental variability: (i) the number of second and heritage languages (HLs) and language varieties included in the study of variation in second language acquisition (SLA), (ii) users' perceptions of the social meanings of variable forms in L2s and HLs, and (iii) the use of mixed-effects linear regression models (MELMs) in measuring the significance of research findings on such variation. The book includes an introductory chapter and twelve research studies drawn from an impressive range of international locations and languages; the research studies are grouped by target language (that is, the language being acquired), namely: Mandarin, Korean, Cantonese, Spanish, French, Italian, and Catalan. Taken together, these studies produce important findings on the impact of linguistic context on a variety of features in the target language produced by L2 and HL learners. In Ch. 1, the editors (Robert Bayley, Dennis R. Preston, and Xiaoshi Li) introduce the three main goals of the book enumerated above and suggest the possible contributions of its studies to current variationist research on SLA. The first four studies examine the acquisition of Asian languages. Chs. 2 and 3 examine English speakers' acquisition of Mandarin Chinese as an L2: Ch. 2 by Li, Bayley, Xinye Zhang, and Yaqiong Cui focuses on the acquisition of the particle le, and Ch. 3 by Rebecca Lurie Starr examines the acquisition of Mandarin phonological variants in Singapore. The third study in this section (Ch. 4 by Mihi Park) turns to the acquisition of nominative argument realizations in Korean as a third language (L3) by bilingual Singaporean speakers of Mandarin Chinese and English, and the fourth (Ch. 5 by Holman Tse) examines the acquisition of Cantonese sociophonetics by English-speaking heritage learners in Toronto. The next three chapters focus on the acquisition of Spanish as an L2 or HL. The first (Ch. 6 by Chelsea Escalante and Robyn Wright) studies Spanish rhotic development by uninstructed speakers of English in Ecuador
由Robert Bayley, Dennis R. Preston和Elaine Tarone主编的第二语言和传统语言的变异:跨语言视角。罗伯特·贝利、丹尼斯·r·普雷斯顿和李小石主编。(语言变异研究28.)阿姆斯特丹:约翰·本杰明，2022年。365页。ISBN 9789027211149。158美元(Hb)。这本编辑过的书以第二语言和传统语言的可变性为中心，这是所有语言发展和变化的必要属性，特别关注学习者语言的可变性，这主要与语言语境有关。正如引言的编辑和作者正确地指出的那样，第二语言学习者的话语受到社会和语言语境的不同影响这一观点并不新鲜。他们指出，本卷的预期贡献是扩大发展变异性研究的三个领域的奖学金:(i)第二语言和传统语言(HLs)和语言品种的数量，包括在第二语言习得(SLA)变异研究中，(ii)用户对L2s和HLs中可变形式的社会意义的感知，以及(iii)使用混合效应线性回归模型(MELMs)来衡量研究结果对这种变异的重要性。这本书包括一个导论章和十二项研究，从一个令人印象深刻的范围内的国际地点和语言;研究内容按目标语言(即习得的语言)分组，即:普通话、韩语、粤语、西班牙语、法语、意大利语和加泰罗尼亚语。综上所述，这些研究在语言语境对二语和汉语学习者所产生的目的语的各种特征的影响方面得出了重要的发现。在第1章中，编者(Robert Bayley, Dennis R. Preston和Xiaoshi Li)介绍了上面列举的本书的三个主要目标，并提出了本书的研究对当前关于二语会话的变分主义研究的可能贡献。前四项研究考察了亚洲语言的习得。第2章和第3章研究了以英语为母语的人对普通话作为第二语言的习得情况:第2章由李、贝利、张鑫叶和崔雅琼撰写，重点研究了小词le的习得情况，第3章由丽贝卡·卢丽·斯塔尔撰写，研究了新加坡普通话语音变体的习得情况。本部分的第三项研究(第4章，作者Mihi Park)转向了作为第三语言(L3)的新加坡双语者对韩国语主格论点实现的习得，第四项研究(第5章，作者Holman Tse)研究了多伦多英语传统学习者对粤语社会语音的习得。接下来的三章重点讨论西班牙语作为第二语言或外语的习得。第一部(切尔西·埃斯卡兰特和罗宾·赖特的第六章)研究了厄瓜多尔不懂英语的人的西班牙语卷舌音发展;第二部分(金伯利·l·格斯林和斯蒂芬·法富拉斯的第7章)是一项准纵向研究，研究的是在美国接受指导的英语使用者对进行式和习惯性动词的标记;第三部分(Rebecca Pozzi撰写的第8章)讲述了美国人在布宜诺斯艾利斯留学期间社会语言能力的发展。接下来的三章研究了法语作为第二语言的习得。第9章(作者:Katherine Rehner, Raymond Mougeon, and franoise Mougeon)关注的是法语第一语言(L1)和第二语言使用者对安大略省地名介词的不同选择。第10章(维拉·里根著)报告了波兰移民在法国的话题、说话者身份和语言态度方面产生的不同的弱读音缺失，第11章(克里斯汀·肯尼迪·特里著)研究了在法国不同的社交网络中学习不同时期后，英语人士在政治上的可变弱读音缺失。最后两章分别讨论了意大利语收购和加泰罗尼亚语收购。第12章(作者:Margherita Di Salvo和Naomi Nagy)比较了多伦多三代移民用意大利语作为HL的可变对象标记与意大利卡拉布里亚的母语者的标记……
{"title":"Variation in second and heritage languages: Crosslinguistic perspectives ed. by Robert Bayley, Dennis R. Preston, and Xiaoshi Li (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a907014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a907014","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Variation in second and heritage languages: Crosslinguistic perspectives ed. by Robert Bayley, Dennis R. Preston, and Xiaoshi Li Elaine Tarone Variation in second and heritage languages: Crosslinguistic perspectives. Ed. by Robert Bayley, Dennis R. Preston, and Xiaoshi Li. (Studies in language variation 28.) Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2022. Pp. 365. ISBN 9789027211149. $158 (Hb). This edited volume centers upon variability in second and heritage languages as a necessary attribute of all language development and change, focusing particularly on variability in learners' language that is primarily tied to linguistic context. As the editors and authors of the introductory chapter correctly state, the idea that the utterances produced by second language (L2) learners are variably influenced by both social and linguistic context is not new. They state that the intended contribution of this volume is to expand scholarship in three areas of research on developmental variability: (i) the number of second and heritage languages (HLs) and language varieties included in the study of variation in second language acquisition (SLA), (ii) users' perceptions of the social meanings of variable forms in L2s and HLs, and (iii) the use of mixed-effects linear regression models (MELMs) in measuring the significance of research findings on such variation. The book includes an introductory chapter and twelve research studies drawn from an impressive range of international locations and languages; the research studies are grouped by target language (that is, the language being acquired), namely: Mandarin, Korean, Cantonese, Spanish, French, Italian, and Catalan. Taken together, these studies produce important findings on the impact of linguistic context on a variety of features in the target language produced by L2 and HL learners. In Ch. 1, the editors (Robert Bayley, Dennis R. Preston, and Xiaoshi Li) introduce the three main goals of the book enumerated above and suggest the possible contributions of its studies to current variationist research on SLA. The first four studies examine the acquisition of Asian languages. Chs. 2 and 3 examine English speakers' acquisition of Mandarin Chinese as an L2: Ch. 2 by Li, Bayley, Xinye Zhang, and Yaqiong Cui focuses on the acquisition of the particle le, and Ch. 3 by Rebecca Lurie Starr examines the acquisition of Mandarin phonological variants in Singapore. The third study in this section (Ch. 4 by Mihi Park) turns to the acquisition of nominative argument realizations in Korean as a third language (L3) by bilingual Singaporean speakers of Mandarin Chinese and English, and the fourth (Ch. 5 by Holman Tse) examines the acquisition of Cantonese sociophonetics by English-speaking heritage learners in Toronto. The next three chapters focus on the acquisition of Spanish as an L2 or HL. The first (Ch. 6 by Chelsea Escalante and Robyn Wright) studies Spanish rhotic development by uninstructed speakers of English in Ecuador","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/lan.2023.a907017
Anamaria Falaus, Ivano Caponigro
Abstract: A previously unnoticed puzzle is presented concerning the distribution of wh-determiners in free relative clauses in Romanian: while care 'which' + NP can never introduce free relative clauses, ce 'what' + NP does so productively, as do all other wh-words. New evidence is provided showing that care 'which' + NP in interrogative clauses in Romanian exhibits strong discourse-anaphoric requirements, unlike ce 'what' + NP. This feature of care 'which' + NP is suggested to be responsible for the puzzle by triggering a clash with the basic set-denoting function of a free relative clause, along the lines of what is observed in light-headed relative clauses.
{"title":"'What' clauses can and 'which' cannot: A Romanian puzzle","authors":"Anamaria Falaus, Ivano Caponigro","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a907017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a907017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: A previously unnoticed puzzle is presented concerning the distribution of wh-determiners in free relative clauses in Romanian: while care 'which' + NP can never introduce free relative clauses, ce 'what' + NP does so productively, as do all other wh-words. New evidence is provided showing that care 'which' + NP in interrogative clauses in Romanian exhibits strong discourse-anaphoric requirements, unlike ce 'what' + NP. This feature of care 'which' + NP is suggested to be responsible for the puzzle by triggering a clash with the basic set-denoting function of a free relative clause, along the lines of what is observed in light-headed relative clauses.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135895874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：