Pub Date : 2011-04-21DOI: 10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276687
R. Kawitkar, R. Shevgaonkar
The use of wireless, mobile, a personal communications service is expanding rapidly. Market projections indicate that within ten years approximately 50% of the total teletraffic (including voice, FAX and multimedia data) is handled via mobile communication networks. Adaptive or "smart" antenna arrays can further increase channel capacity through spatial division. Adaptive antennas an also track mobile users, improving both signal range and quality. For these reasons, smart antenna systems have attracted widespread interest in the telecommunications industry for applications to third generation wireless systems. The problems in 3G systems can be effectively tackled by using smart antennas. This paper aims to design and develop an advanced antennas testbed to serve as a common reference for testing adaptive antenna arrays and signal combining algorithms, as well as complete systems. The goal of this paper is to develop low complexity smart antenna structures for 3G systems. The emphasis is laid on ease of implementation in a multichannel/multi-user environment. A smart antenna test bed is developed, and various state-of-the-art DSP structures and algorithms are investigated. Some of the benefits that can be achieved by using SAS (smart antenna system) include lower mobile terminal power consumption, range extension, ISI reduction, higher data rate support, and ease of integration into the existing base station system. In terms of economic benefits, adaptive antenna systems employed at base station, though increases the per base station cost, can increase coverage area of each cell site, thereby reducing the total system cost dramatically - often by more than 50% without compromising the system performance. The testbed can be employed to illustrate enhancement of system capacity and service quality in wireless communications applications.
{"title":"Design of smart antenna testbed prototype","authors":"R. Kawitkar, R. Shevgaonkar","doi":"10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276687","url":null,"abstract":"The use of wireless, mobile, a personal communications service is expanding rapidly. Market projections indicate that within ten years approximately 50% of the total teletraffic (including voice, FAX and multimedia data) is handled via mobile communication networks. Adaptive or \"smart\" antenna arrays can further increase channel capacity through spatial division. Adaptive antennas an also track mobile users, improving both signal range and quality. For these reasons, smart antenna systems have attracted widespread interest in the telecommunications industry for applications to third generation wireless systems. The problems in 3G systems can be effectively tackled by using smart antennas. This paper aims to design and develop an advanced antennas testbed to serve as a common reference for testing adaptive antenna arrays and signal combining algorithms, as well as complete systems. The goal of this paper is to develop low complexity smart antenna structures for 3G systems. The emphasis is laid on ease of implementation in a multichannel/multi-user environment. A smart antenna test bed is developed, and various state-of-the-art DSP structures and algorithms are investigated. Some of the benefits that can be achieved by using SAS (smart antenna system) include lower mobile terminal power consumption, range extension, ISI reduction, higher data rate support, and ease of integration into the existing base station system. In terms of economic benefits, adaptive antenna systems employed at base station, though increases the per base station cost, can increase coverage area of each cell site, thereby reducing the total system cost dramatically - often by more than 50% without compromising the system performance. The testbed can be employed to illustrate enhancement of system capacity and service quality in wireless communications applications.","PeriodicalId":179885,"journal":{"name":"6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125104137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-06DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608974
S. Yamaguchi, K. Yamashita, K. Nishizawa, H. Fushimi, H. Miyashita, S. Makino
Tapered slot antennas (TSA) are adequately applicable to wideband phased array antennas due to their ultra wide bandwidths. However, a significant degradation of VSWR performance is observed when a smaller aperture is adopted to suppress grating lobes for the phased array. To overcome the difficulty, a new tapered slot antenna is proposed; tapered slot antenna with a parallel plate waveguide (PPTSA). The PPTSA is capable of providing the ultra-wide bandwidth characteristics even when the width of the aperture is less than a half wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. Major performances of a single PPTSA was presented through numerical simulations and experiments in the previous report. In this paper array performances of PPTSA is investigated. A new configuration to suppress ripples from the ground plane is proposed by introducing cut-off waveguides close to the PPTSA. Measured and calculated data for VSWR and radiation pattern are also presented.
{"title":"Tapered slot antenna array with parallel plate waveguides","authors":"S. Yamaguchi, K. Yamashita, K. Nishizawa, H. Fushimi, H. Miyashita, S. Makino","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608974","url":null,"abstract":"Tapered slot antennas (TSA) are adequately applicable to wideband phased array antennas due to their ultra wide bandwidths. However, a significant degradation of VSWR performance is observed when a smaller aperture is adopted to suppress grating lobes for the phased array. To overcome the difficulty, a new tapered slot antenna is proposed; tapered slot antenna with a parallel plate waveguide (PPTSA). The PPTSA is capable of providing the ultra-wide bandwidth characteristics even when the width of the aperture is less than a half wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. Major performances of a single PPTSA was presented through numerical simulations and experiments in the previous report. In this paper array performances of PPTSA is investigated. A new configuration to suppress ripples from the ground plane is proposed by introducing cut-off waveguides close to the PPTSA. Measured and calculated data for VSWR and radiation pattern are also presented.","PeriodicalId":179885,"journal":{"name":"6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116852794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1163/156939305775537375
Dan Yang, C. Liao
In this paper, the problem of coupling effects of ultra-wide-band (UWB) electromagnetic pulse into a rectangular cavity through slots is investigated. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used in analyzing the effectiveness of various slot slopes on coupling into the cavity. It is demonstrated that the energy penetration of rectangular slot with wider side, perpendicular to the incident wave's electric field polarized direction is maximum on condition that all slots presented have same area.
{"title":"Numerical solution on coupling of UWB pulse into a rectangular cavity through slots","authors":"Dan Yang, C. Liao","doi":"10.1163/156939305775537375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156939305775537375","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the problem of coupling effects of ultra-wide-band (UWB) electromagnetic pulse into a rectangular cavity through slots is investigated. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used in analyzing the effectiveness of various slot slopes on coupling into the cavity. It is demonstrated that the energy penetration of rectangular slot with wider side, perpendicular to the incident wave's electric field polarized direction is maximum on condition that all slots presented have same area.","PeriodicalId":179885,"journal":{"name":"6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116444880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-30DOI: 10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276692
H. Boutayeb, K. Mahdjoubi
First, we calculate the total field for an outgoing or an incoming TM cylindrical incident wave illuminating a cylindrical periodic structure of metallic wires. Then, we give analytical formulas to extract the characteristics (reflection and transmission) of the cylindrical periodic structure. To finish, we extend the study to infinite radius periodic structure by given an approximation of the dispersion diagram.
{"title":"Cylindrical periodic structures of metallic wires","authors":"H. Boutayeb, K. Mahdjoubi","doi":"10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276692","url":null,"abstract":"First, we calculate the total field for an outgoing or an incoming TM cylindrical incident wave illuminating a cylindrical periodic structure of metallic wires. Then, we give analytical formulas to extract the characteristics (reflection and transmission) of the cylindrical periodic structure. To finish, we extend the study to infinite radius periodic structure by given an approximation of the dispersion diagram.","PeriodicalId":179885,"journal":{"name":"6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134437411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276782
Y. Ge, K. Esselle
A new approximation method is presented to aid the development of G-E closed-form Green's functions for single-layer and multi-layer structures. Based on this closed-form Green's functions, a closed-form method of moments (MoM) is developed for accurate, full-wave analysis of microstrip components and antennas. The key advantage of the new MoM is that, because of the simplicity of G-E closed-form Green's functions, the MoM matrix elements can be calculated without any numerical integration. It is found that the new method generates results that are as accurate as those from conventional moment methods, but with less number of unknowns.
{"title":"Applications of G-E closed-form Green's functions for modelling substrate based antennas","authors":"Y. Ge, K. Esselle","doi":"10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276782","url":null,"abstract":"A new approximation method is presented to aid the development of G-E closed-form Green's functions for single-layer and multi-layer structures. Based on this closed-form Green's functions, a closed-form method of moments (MoM) is developed for accurate, full-wave analysis of microstrip components and antennas. The key advantage of the new MoM is that, because of the simplicity of G-E closed-form Green's functions, the MoM matrix elements can be calculated without any numerical integration. It is found that the new method generates results that are as accurate as those from conventional moment methods, but with less number of unknowns.","PeriodicalId":179885,"journal":{"name":"6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123152047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method gives accurate results but uses a large amount of computer memory and time, which can be reduced by applying higher resolution only around critical areas in the problem domain. In this paper, a new subgridding scheme have been proposed which based on the hybridization of the alterative-direction implicit FDTD (ADI-FDTD) and FDTD algorithms. The field components in fine local grids are updated using the ADI-FDTD method, and in the coarse main grids conventional FDTD method is utilized. The technique achieves the same time marching step in the whole domain as employed in the coarse FDTD scheme, and the need for the temporal interpolation of the fields in the fine grids is obviated since the ADI-FDTD scheme is unconditionally stable. Hence, the hybrid ADI-FDTD subgridding scheme is less time consuming and easy to implement. Practical applications of the algorithm in the simulations of the scattering of conducting cylinder and dielectric square cylinder are reported.
{"title":"A hybrid 2-D ADI-FDTD subgridding scheme","authors":"Binke Huang, Yansheng Jiang, Wenbing Wang","doi":"10.1109/6040.982840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/6040.982840","url":null,"abstract":"The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method gives accurate results but uses a large amount of computer memory and time, which can be reduced by applying higher resolution only around critical areas in the problem domain. In this paper, a new subgridding scheme have been proposed which based on the hybridization of the alterative-direction implicit FDTD (ADI-FDTD) and FDTD algorithms. The field components in fine local grids are updated using the ADI-FDTD method, and in the coarse main grids conventional FDTD method is utilized. The technique achieves the same time marching step in the whole domain as employed in the coarse FDTD scheme, and the need for the temporal interpolation of the fields in the fine grids is obviated since the ADI-FDTD scheme is unconditionally stable. Hence, the hybrid ADI-FDTD subgridding scheme is less time consuming and easy to implement. Practical applications of the algorithm in the simulations of the scattering of conducting cylinder and dielectric square cylinder are reported.","PeriodicalId":179885,"journal":{"name":"6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129830546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276639
R.L. Li, G. DeJean, M. Tentzeris, J. Laskar, V. Fusco, R. Cahill
A new type of printed rectangular loop antenna with capacitive loads is proposed for unidirectional radiation pattern production. The arrangement presented here is shown to have a current distribution with balanced magnitude and 90/spl deg/ phase difference on parallel radiating edges of the loop. As a result, the printed loop is equivalent to an array of two dipoles with quarter-wavelength space separation and 90/spl deg/ phase excitation difference. Simulated and measured results for 1 GHz center-frequency operation show that the new unidirectional printed loop antenna can achieve a front-to-back ratio of more than 20 dB, power gain of 4.5 dBi, and can be easily matched.
{"title":"Unidirectional printed loop antenna","authors":"R.L. Li, G. DeJean, M. Tentzeris, J. Laskar, V. Fusco, R. Cahill","doi":"10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276639","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of printed rectangular loop antenna with capacitive loads is proposed for unidirectional radiation pattern production. The arrangement presented here is shown to have a current distribution with balanced magnitude and 90/spl deg/ phase difference on parallel radiating edges of the loop. As a result, the printed loop is equivalent to an array of two dipoles with quarter-wavelength space separation and 90/spl deg/ phase excitation difference. Simulated and measured results for 1 GHz center-frequency operation show that the new unidirectional printed loop antenna can achieve a front-to-back ratio of more than 20 dB, power gain of 4.5 dBi, and can be easily matched.","PeriodicalId":179885,"journal":{"name":"6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124794612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276805
Zhao Ying, Z. Zhu
In this paper, the finite element method incorporated with Floquet theorem is used to solve the 2-dimensional scattering problem of dielectric periodic structures that a plane wave is oblique or perpendicular incident. Comparisons of reflection and transmission properties for a kind of dielectric photonic crystals with different structure parameters are presented.
{"title":"Comparison of reflection and transmission performances for different parameters of 2-dimensional dielectric periodic structures","authors":"Zhao Ying, Z. Zhu","doi":"10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276805","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the finite element method incorporated with Floquet theorem is used to solve the 2-dimensional scattering problem of dielectric periodic structures that a plane wave is oblique or perpendicular incident. Comparisons of reflection and transmission properties for a kind of dielectric photonic crystals with different structure parameters are presented.","PeriodicalId":179885,"journal":{"name":"6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125908121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276629
Qiang Chen, M. Kurahashi, K. Sawaya
Recently, since various wireless communication services such as the PDC, the PHS, and the wireless LAN are provided, it is required to make a mobile terminal to handle several wireless communication services. Generally, these services operate at different frequencies with different polarization and radiation characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to design a multi-mode antenna which has multi-frequency band and different polarization and radiation pattern at each band, and the switching of the resonant modes should be controlled electronically. In this research, a dual-mode patch antenna is proposed where a PIN diode switch is used to change the resonant mode of the antenna. The characteristics of the antenna, such as the resonant frequency, radiation pattern, and the radiation efficiency are investigated experimentally and numerically.
{"title":"Dual-mode patch antenna with PIN diode switch","authors":"Qiang Chen, M. Kurahashi, K. Sawaya","doi":"10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276629","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, since various wireless communication services such as the PDC, the PHS, and the wireless LAN are provided, it is required to make a mobile terminal to handle several wireless communication services. Generally, these services operate at different frequencies with different polarization and radiation characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to design a multi-mode antenna which has multi-frequency band and different polarization and radiation pattern at each band, and the switching of the resonant modes should be controlled electronically. In this research, a dual-mode patch antenna is proposed where a PIN diode switch is used to change the resonant mode of the antenna. The characteristics of the antenna, such as the resonant frequency, radiation pattern, and the radiation efficiency are investigated experimentally and numerically.","PeriodicalId":179885,"journal":{"name":"6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122732437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276700
Q. Yuan, Qiang Chen, K. Saway
In this paper, the radiation characteristics of array antennas affected by the element configuration, the size of the ground plate are studied by using the FDTD method. The scan patterns for several arrays are investigated in details in order to determine which configuration is more suitable to the array antenna for mobile handset. Furthermore, the XPD in the scan plane is calculated to understand the scan properties of the arrays. Finally, the effect of the ground size on the radiation pattern of array antenna is investigated in order to decide the optimum size of the ground plate for the beam control of the arrays.
{"title":"Radiation characteristics of array antennas for mobile handsets","authors":"Q. Yuan, Qiang Chen, K. Saway","doi":"10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276700","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the radiation characteristics of array antennas affected by the element configuration, the size of the ground plate are studied by using the FDTD method. The scan patterns for several arrays are investigated in details in order to determine which configuration is more suitable to the array antenna for mobile handset. Furthermore, the XPD in the scan plane is calculated to understand the scan properties of the arrays. Finally, the effect of the ground size on the radiation pattern of array antenna is investigated in order to decide the optimum size of the ground plate for the beam control of the arrays.","PeriodicalId":179885,"journal":{"name":"6th International SYmposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122073484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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