This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from fifty different isolates of varied clinical origins. A total of 700 samples of pus, urine, swab, and other samples from various patients were examined. Based on bacterial growth over routine nutrient agar and MacConkey medium, isolates with positive results on both media were chosen. Using the modified disc-diffusion method (Modified-Kirby Baur method), antimicrobial sensitivity of total isolates was operated by following CLSIs guidelines. In the current study, a large number of isolates of P. aeruginosa obtained from different specimens are resistant to Cefixime (82%), followed by Ampicillin (79%) and Augmentin (61%). However, the antibiogram of P. aeruginosa also showed that most of the isolates (86%) were highly sensitive to Amikacin. The second maximum sensitivity of P. aeruginosa was seen towards Tazocin (80%), followed by Tecarcilline (79%). P. aeruginosa offers a high risk of antibiotic resistance to a wide range of antibiotics; hence it is necessary to avoid the use of antibiotics to reduce antibiotic resistance. Also, researchers should search for the discovery of certain novel antibiotics that may provide impressive inhibition toward Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance and Sensitivity Pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Obtained from Clinical Samples","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/lianbs124.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs124.112","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from fifty different isolates of varied clinical origins. A total of 700 samples of pus, urine, swab, and other samples from various patients were examined. Based on bacterial growth over routine nutrient agar and MacConkey medium, isolates with positive results on both media were chosen. Using the modified disc-diffusion method (Modified-Kirby Baur method), antimicrobial sensitivity of total isolates was operated by following CLSIs guidelines. In the current study, a large number of isolates of P. aeruginosa obtained from different specimens are resistant to Cefixime (82%), followed by Ampicillin (79%) and Augmentin (61%). However, the antibiogram of P. aeruginosa also showed that most of the isolates (86%) were highly sensitive to Amikacin. The second maximum sensitivity of P. aeruginosa was seen towards Tazocin (80%), followed by Tecarcilline (79%). P. aeruginosa offers a high risk of antibiotic resistance to a wide range of antibiotics; hence it is necessary to avoid the use of antibiotics to reduce antibiotic resistance. Also, researchers should search for the discovery of certain novel antibiotics that may provide impressive inhibition toward Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","PeriodicalId":18009,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied NanoBioScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87903172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Graph theory is attracting much attention due to the use of devices like topological indices. A topological graph index is defined according to a certain rule. After defining a new topological index, it must be checked for a possible correlation with the properties of a particular chemical substance along with a few mathematical properties. As most of the indices involve some data related to the degrees of the vertices, types of edges, and various details of the chemical compound under the study, it is very useful in chemistry applications. The applications include drug design, modeling of a compound, the study of structure relationships, etc. In this work, the redefined Zagreb indices, ABC index, GA index, Augmented Zagreb index, neighborhood version of redefined Zagreb indices, ABC4 index, GA5 index, and Sanskruti index is computed for the chemical compound called porous graphene. The work is concluded with a detailed conclusion of the study considered.
{"title":"Computation of Degree-Based Numerical Descriptors of Porous Graphene","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/lianbs124.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs124.117","url":null,"abstract":"Graph theory is attracting much attention due to the use of devices like topological indices. A topological graph index is defined according to a certain rule. After defining a new topological index, it must be checked for a possible correlation with the properties of a particular chemical substance along with a few mathematical properties. As most of the indices involve some data related to the degrees of the vertices, types of edges, and various details of the chemical compound under the study, it is very useful in chemistry applications. The applications include drug design, modeling of a compound, the study of structure relationships, etc. In this work, the redefined Zagreb indices, ABC index, GA index, Augmented Zagreb index, neighborhood version of redefined Zagreb indices, ABC4 index, GA5 index, and Sanskruti index is computed for the chemical compound called porous graphene. The work is concluded with a detailed conclusion of the study considered.","PeriodicalId":18009,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied NanoBioScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86276652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, an efficient protocol for seed sterilization was developed. This protocol used a 1.0 % bavistin solution, which provides a protective response against fungal contamination. It was observed that there was no significant difference among the effective sterilization treatments in comparison to seed germination and seedling length under in vitro conditions. Furthermore, the embryo excised from bavistin-treated seeds showed improvement in callus induction and shot regeneration in var. HD2967. 0.1% HgCl2-SDS solution used for seed sterilization was also optimized with 2.5 to 3.0 minutes as the best-suited duration, providing a completely sterilized environment for the seeds for healthy and fast growth. In addition, plant growth regulators (PGRs) were further used to screen the most effective concentration for callus to shoot formation using mature embryos. Auxin concentration of 2.0 mg/l in MS agar media was quite effective for callus induction from embryo explant. For shoot regeneration (SI-7) combination is suitable for a maximum number of shoots per callus. This combination of 2, 4-D, Zeatin, CuSO4, and TDZ showed good regeneration in the wheat variety HD2967. The optimized protocol displayed 100% callus induction and up to 80-85% regeneration in HD2967, with a high reproducibility rate paving the way for regenerating plantlets from mature wheat embryos.
{"title":"An Optimized Protocol for Seed Sterilization and Shoot Regeneration from Mature Embryo in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) var. HD2967","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/lianbs124.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs124.129","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, an efficient protocol for seed sterilization was developed. This protocol used a 1.0 % bavistin solution, which provides a protective response against fungal contamination. It was observed that there was no significant difference among the effective sterilization treatments in comparison to seed germination and seedling length under in vitro conditions. Furthermore, the embryo excised from bavistin-treated seeds showed improvement in callus induction and shot regeneration in var. HD2967. 0.1% HgCl2-SDS solution used for seed sterilization was also optimized with 2.5 to 3.0 minutes as the best-suited duration, providing a completely sterilized environment for the seeds for healthy and fast growth. In addition, plant growth regulators (PGRs) were further used to screen the most effective concentration for callus to shoot formation using mature embryos. Auxin concentration of 2.0 mg/l in MS agar media was quite effective for callus induction from embryo explant. For shoot regeneration (SI-7) combination is suitable for a maximum number of shoots per callus. This combination of 2, 4-D, Zeatin, CuSO4, and TDZ showed good regeneration in the wheat variety HD2967. The optimized protocol displayed 100% callus induction and up to 80-85% regeneration in HD2967, with a high reproducibility rate paving the way for regenerating plantlets from mature wheat embryos.","PeriodicalId":18009,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied NanoBioScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83721881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As infectious diseases are connected with pain and infections, treating pain and infection should be prioritized. Patients suffering from bacterial infection may need diclofenac sodium (DS) during the regular use of sulfamethoxazole (SM) treatment. So, simultaneous or following administration of DS and SM may be needed. The goal of this study was to prepare six microparticle formulations (MF-1-MF-6) made up of Polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000) with and without chitosan and that was loaded with two drugs (DS and SM) by cold/hot (melt) dispersion method. The formulated microparticle was then mixed with carbopol gel (0.75 and 1.00% w/v) and evaluated. The percentage yield for all the formulated microparticles was found to be between 94.13% and 97.18%. The drug content for both DS and SM is within the prescribed limits. The microparticle size studies revealed that microparticles prepared without chitosan had smaller particles than those prepared with chitosan. The in vitro drug release results illustrate that the release of DS and SM from prepared microparticles is increased for the preparation containing chitosan compared to without chitosan preparation. When compared to microparticles alone, the microparticles in gel formulations demonstrated slow drug release. Based on the obtained results of the work, it may be concluded that chitosan increases particle size, and subsequently, drugs are released more rapidly. The research also suggests that DS and SM produce synergistic drug release when administrated together in pure, microparticle, and gel form.
{"title":"Synergistic Effect of Diclofenac Sodium and Sulfamethoxazole in Pure form, Microparticle Formulation and in Carbopol Incorporated Gel Containing Microparticle Formulation","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/lianbs124.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs124.111","url":null,"abstract":"As infectious diseases are connected with pain and infections, treating pain and infection should be prioritized. Patients suffering from bacterial infection may need diclofenac sodium (DS) during the regular use of sulfamethoxazole (SM) treatment. So, simultaneous or following administration of DS and SM may be needed. The goal of this study was to prepare six microparticle formulations (MF-1-MF-6) made up of Polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000) with and without chitosan and that was loaded with two drugs (DS and SM) by cold/hot (melt) dispersion method. The formulated microparticle was then mixed with carbopol gel (0.75 and 1.00% w/v) and evaluated. The percentage yield for all the formulated microparticles was found to be between 94.13% and 97.18%. The drug content for both DS and SM is within the prescribed limits. The microparticle size studies revealed that microparticles prepared without chitosan had smaller particles than those prepared with chitosan. The in vitro drug release results illustrate that the release of DS and SM from prepared microparticles is increased for the preparation containing chitosan compared to without chitosan preparation. When compared to microparticles alone, the microparticles in gel formulations demonstrated slow drug release. Based on the obtained results of the work, it may be concluded that chitosan increases particle size, and subsequently, drugs are released more rapidly. The research also suggests that DS and SM produce synergistic drug release when administrated together in pure, microparticle, and gel form.","PeriodicalId":18009,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied NanoBioScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80202268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kumaraswamy, K. J. Pampa, S. Nagashree, P. Mallu, V. Chandramohan, L. N. Krishnappagowda
Although the vaccine against the COVID-19 pandemic has been achieved, therapeutics still have to design to treat the infected patients. Several studies by the scientific communities are involved all over the world to develop a novel therapeutic agent against the COVID-19 virus. This study screened four β-diketone-based Cu(II) complexes against COVID-19 main protease to study their potential as an antiviral drug molecule. A molecular docking study revealed the excellent inhibitory activity of Cu(II) complexes with good binding energy values. Molecular dynamics simulation studies were carried out for 50ns to explore the selectivity profiles, conformational stability, and fluctuations of protein-ligand complexes during the simulation. Using DFT calculation, the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, electronic properties, and molecular electrostatic potential were investigated and compared with the docking results.
{"title":"Molecular Docking and Dynamic Simulation Studies of Cu(II) Metal Complexes with Covid-19 main Protease","authors":"S. Kumaraswamy, K. J. Pampa, S. Nagashree, P. Mallu, V. Chandramohan, L. N. Krishnappagowda","doi":"10.33263/lianbs124.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs124.131","url":null,"abstract":"Although the vaccine against the COVID-19 pandemic has been achieved, therapeutics still have to design to treat the infected patients. Several studies by the scientific communities are involved all over the world to develop a novel therapeutic agent against the COVID-19 virus. This study screened four β-diketone-based Cu(II) complexes against COVID-19 main protease to study their potential as an antiviral drug molecule. A molecular docking study revealed the excellent inhibitory activity of Cu(II) complexes with good binding energy values. Molecular dynamics simulation studies were carried out for 50ns to explore the selectivity profiles, conformational stability, and fluctuations of protein-ligand complexes during the simulation. Using DFT calculation, the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, electronic properties, and molecular electrostatic potential were investigated and compared with the docking results.","PeriodicalId":18009,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied NanoBioScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87043750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a study of the possibilities of using inulin gel and oat bran flour, in combination or individually, as substitutes for pork back fat in the formulation for a leberkäse meat product. Different concentrations of pork back fat, inulin gel, and oat bran flour were used for the preparation of the samples. The samples were analyzed based on physicochemical indicators, color characteristics, emulsion stability, sensory evaluation, and texture properties by performing a cutting test analysis using a texture analyzer. Adding oat bran flour and inulin gel led to a significant (P<0.05) increase in the moisture content and a decrease in the fat content. The addition of oat bran flour affected the color parameters considerably, and the а*, b*, С, and h values increased compared to the inulin gel samples and the control sample. The content and type of the functional additives used had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the texture of the finished leberkäse samples, with a direct relationship between their hardness and the inulin gel and oat bran flour quantity. Using oat bran flour and inulin gel enhanced the nutritional profile of the leberkäse meat products by enriching them with dietary fibers.
{"title":"Effect of Pork Back Fat Replacement with Inulin Gel and Oat Bran Flour on the Physicochemical and Sensory Evaluation of a Leberkäse Meat Product","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/lianbs124.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs124.116","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study of the possibilities of using inulin gel and oat bran flour, in combination or individually, as substitutes for pork back fat in the formulation for a leberkäse meat product. Different concentrations of pork back fat, inulin gel, and oat bran flour were used for the preparation of the samples. The samples were analyzed based on physicochemical indicators, color characteristics, emulsion stability, sensory evaluation, and texture properties by performing a cutting test analysis using a texture analyzer. Adding oat bran flour and inulin gel led to a significant (P<0.05) increase in the moisture content and a decrease in the fat content. The addition of oat bran flour affected the color parameters considerably, and the а*, b*, С, and h values increased compared to the inulin gel samples and the control sample. The content and type of the functional additives used had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the texture of the finished leberkäse samples, with a direct relationship between their hardness and the inulin gel and oat bran flour quantity. Using oat bran flour and inulin gel enhanced the nutritional profile of the leberkäse meat products by enriching them with dietary fibers.","PeriodicalId":18009,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied NanoBioScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75278907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the present research is to examine the leaf extracts of D. papyracea Wall. ex Steud. for their phytochemicals and biological activity. Antimicrobial activities were determined by the disc diffusion method against gram-negative and positive bacterial strains. Qualitative estimations were done for the presence of various phytochemical classes. Quantitative determination of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and two in vitro antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP) was carried out using spectrophotometric methods. Phytochemical analysis unveiled the presence of cardiac glycosides, coumarins, and flavonoids in DM, DE, and DC extracts, but saponins were absent in all leaf extracts of D.papyracea. Antimicrobial activity tests revealed that only ethyl acetate extract (DEE) showed positive results at a zone of 14mm against the MTCC-1522 strain. The highest phenolic content was detected in hexane leaf extract (39.69±0.11 mg GAE/g), while the highest flavonoid content was found in methanolic leaf extract, i.e., 131.8±0.15 mg QE/g. The radical scavenging activity measurement was expressed in terms of IC50, and the methanolic extract exhibited the highest scavenging activity (60.50±0.01µg/mL). The highest reducing power (163.29±0.01 mg AA/g) was shown by the methanolic leaf extract. This study showed that D.papyracea is serviceable and may have a future in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Phytochemicals found in this also have virtuous efficacy.
{"title":"Investigation on the Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Activity of Daphne papyracea Wall. ex Steud. Leaf Extracts from Kumaun Himalaya","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/lianbs124.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs124.109","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present research is to examine the leaf extracts of D. papyracea Wall. ex Steud. for their phytochemicals and biological activity. Antimicrobial activities were determined by the disc diffusion method against gram-negative and positive bacterial strains. Qualitative estimations were done for the presence of various phytochemical classes. Quantitative determination of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and two in vitro antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP) was carried out using spectrophotometric methods. Phytochemical analysis unveiled the presence of cardiac glycosides, coumarins, and flavonoids in DM, DE, and DC extracts, but saponins were absent in all leaf extracts of D.papyracea. Antimicrobial activity tests revealed that only ethyl acetate extract (DEE) showed positive results at a zone of 14mm against the MTCC-1522 strain. The highest phenolic content was detected in hexane leaf extract (39.69±0.11 mg GAE/g), while the highest flavonoid content was found in methanolic leaf extract, i.e., 131.8±0.15 mg QE/g. The radical scavenging activity measurement was expressed in terms of IC50, and the methanolic extract exhibited the highest scavenging activity (60.50±0.01µg/mL). The highest reducing power (163.29±0.01 mg AA/g) was shown by the methanolic leaf extract. This study showed that D.papyracea is serviceable and may have a future in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Phytochemicals found in this also have virtuous efficacy.","PeriodicalId":18009,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied NanoBioScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77452607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study aimed to assess the beneficial inhibitory effect of silver nanoparticles on biofilm formation by E. coli ATCC11922; eighteen Egyptian bacterial isolates obtained from Al-Bahr El-Pherony, Menoufyia Governorate were screened for silver nanoparticles biosynthesis (AgNPs). Three of the best extracellular AgNPs producing isolates have been identified using biochemical and molecular techniques. Characterization of AgNPs was performed by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Next, the antibiofilm restriction of AgNPs was evaluated using the micro broth dilution method. A total of eleven bacterial isolates were positive for the AgNPs biosynthesis. Amongst, three AgNPs with tribute effects have the greatest anti-biofilm activity and have been identified as new species belonging to the genera Bacillus, Alcaligenes, and Paenibacillus. Plasmon surface resonance of the formed AgNPs had feature peaks at ~420 nm. FTIR confirmed the character of the capping/reducing agents of Ag+. X-ray diffraction and TEM investigation confirmed the purity, spherical shape, and size of 3.01-16.47 nm. Besides, biosynthetic AgNPs reduced biofilm growth, biomass, and density by 80-90% on a dose basis. Therefore, biosynthetic AgNPs are green antibiofilm against pathogenic microbes. This fact promotes its use as a convincing disinfectant for soiling water and depleting pollution.
{"title":"Biomimetic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using New Aquatic Species of Bacillus, Alcaligenes, and Paenibacillus and their Potential Antibiofilm Activity against Biofilm-Forming Escherichia coli","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/lianbs124.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs124.127","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to assess the beneficial inhibitory effect of silver nanoparticles on biofilm formation by E. coli ATCC11922; eighteen Egyptian bacterial isolates obtained from Al-Bahr El-Pherony, Menoufyia Governorate were screened for silver nanoparticles biosynthesis (AgNPs). Three of the best extracellular AgNPs producing isolates have been identified using biochemical and molecular techniques. Characterization of AgNPs was performed by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Next, the antibiofilm restriction of AgNPs was evaluated using the micro broth dilution method. A total of eleven bacterial isolates were positive for the AgNPs biosynthesis. Amongst, three AgNPs with tribute effects have the greatest anti-biofilm activity and have been identified as new species belonging to the genera Bacillus, Alcaligenes, and Paenibacillus. Plasmon surface resonance of the formed AgNPs had feature peaks at ~420 nm. FTIR confirmed the character of the capping/reducing agents of Ag+. X-ray diffraction and TEM investigation confirmed the purity, spherical shape, and size of 3.01-16.47 nm. Besides, biosynthetic AgNPs reduced biofilm growth, biomass, and density by 80-90% on a dose basis. Therefore, biosynthetic AgNPs are green antibiofilm against pathogenic microbes. This fact promotes its use as a convincing disinfectant for soiling water and depleting pollution.","PeriodicalId":18009,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied NanoBioScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77622837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ghosh, S. Chakraborty, Soumya Majumder, M. Bhattacharya
Diversified Coronaviruses like MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, etc., have badly affected human life by causing various respiratory syndromes. Natural bioactive products like flavonoids are well-known for their anti-viral property. Derris robusta (Roxb. ex DC.) Benth. is a reservoir of flavonoids, which encouraged the in silico study of the signature flavonoid compounds in it towards investigating the possible inhibitory effect of those flavonoid compounds against the viral replication of MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-1, and SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, investigating the treatment methodology for alleviating these types of diseases is the ultimate priority for public health. In our in silico study, Flavonoids like Isosinensetin and Retusin inhibited the replication of all three viruses with greater binding affinity compared to the control drug Remdesivir in multiple instances. Physicochemical characterization of the compounds by following Lipinski’s rule of five and the ADMET study have helped recognize these compounds as a probable natural therapeutic drug against Coronaviruses. The present study exhibits the potential of alternative drug molecules as anti-viral compounds against these three types of Coronaviruses. Further in vitro and in vivo evaluation followed by clinical trials for developing and successfully implementing these two compounds as an effective inhibitory agents against Coronaviruses can be initiated.
{"title":"Comprehensive In silico Investigation Validates Two Flavonoid Compounds of Derris robusta (Roxb. ex DC.) Benth. to Supplant Remdesivir as Natural Therapeutic Remedy Against a Range of Coronaviruses","authors":"A. Ghosh, S. Chakraborty, Soumya Majumder, M. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.33263/lianbs124.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs124.108","url":null,"abstract":"Diversified Coronaviruses like MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, etc., have badly affected human life by causing various respiratory syndromes. Natural bioactive products like flavonoids are well-known for their anti-viral property. Derris robusta (Roxb. ex DC.) Benth. is a reservoir of flavonoids, which encouraged the in silico study of the signature flavonoid compounds in it towards investigating the possible inhibitory effect of those flavonoid compounds against the viral replication of MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-1, and SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, investigating the treatment methodology for alleviating these types of diseases is the ultimate priority for public health. In our in silico study, Flavonoids like Isosinensetin and Retusin inhibited the replication of all three viruses with greater binding affinity compared to the control drug Remdesivir in multiple instances. Physicochemical characterization of the compounds by following Lipinski’s rule of five and the ADMET study have helped recognize these compounds as a probable natural therapeutic drug against Coronaviruses. The present study exhibits the potential of alternative drug molecules as anti-viral compounds against these three types of Coronaviruses. Further in vitro and in vivo evaluation followed by clinical trials for developing and successfully implementing these two compounds as an effective inhibitory agents against Coronaviruses can be initiated.","PeriodicalId":18009,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied NanoBioScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90066848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cowpea husk is an agro-industrial by-product that can be sustainable and cheaply obtained in large quantities. Ethanol extract of the husks (CWPE) was assessed as a corrosion inhibitor for X80 steel in 1 M HCl at 303 – 333 K under static weight loss and electrochemical conditions, accompanied by functional group (FTIR) and surface morphological (SEM) analyses. The inhibition efficiency of 94.6 % and 85.2 % were obtained at 303 and 333 K. CWPE acts as a mixed type corrosion inhibitor with a major influence on the anodic half-reaction and increases charge transfer resistance while decreasing double-layer capacitance and corrosion current density. Corrosion inhibition is attributed to spontaneous adsorption of CWPE phytocompounds on X80 steel surface best approximated by the Langmuir adsorption model. Adsorption is enabled mainly by O, N, and C=C sites affording surface protection and reduced pitting as observed by SEM. CWPE is a potential alternative corrosion inhibitor for X80 steel in mildly acidic environments.
豇豆壳是一种可持续、廉价、可大量获取的农工业副产品。在静态失重和电化学条件下，通过官能团(FTIR)和表面形貌(SEM)分析，评价了谷壳乙醇提取物(CWPE)在1 M HCl中在303 ~ 333 K下作为X80钢的缓蚀剂。在303和333 K时，抑制率分别为94.6%和85.2%。CWPE作为混合型缓蚀剂，主要影响阳极半反应，增加电荷转移电阻，降低双层电容和腐蚀电流密度。CWPE植物化合物在X80钢表面的自发吸附是其缓蚀作用的主要原因，Langmuir吸附模型最接近该模型。扫描电镜观察到，O、N和C=C位点主要起到表面保护和减少点蚀的作用。CWPE是X80钢在弱酸性环境中潜在的缓蚀剂替代品。
{"title":"Adsorption of Cowpea Husk Extract and Corrosion Inhibition at Interface between X80 Steel and Acidic Oilfield Descaling Fluid","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/lianbs124.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs124.122","url":null,"abstract":"Cowpea husk is an agro-industrial by-product that can be sustainable and cheaply obtained in large quantities. Ethanol extract of the husks (CWPE) was assessed as a corrosion inhibitor for X80 steel in 1 M HCl at 303 – 333 K under static weight loss and electrochemical conditions, accompanied by functional group (FTIR) and surface morphological (SEM) analyses. The inhibition efficiency of 94.6 % and 85.2 % were obtained at 303 and 333 K. CWPE acts as a mixed type corrosion inhibitor with a major influence on the anodic half-reaction and increases charge transfer resistance while decreasing double-layer capacitance and corrosion current density. Corrosion inhibition is attributed to spontaneous adsorption of CWPE phytocompounds on X80 steel surface best approximated by the Langmuir adsorption model. Adsorption is enabled mainly by O, N, and C=C sites affording surface protection and reduced pitting as observed by SEM. CWPE is a potential alternative corrosion inhibitor for X80 steel in mildly acidic environments.","PeriodicalId":18009,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied NanoBioScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82379749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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