Gokul Raj B, Sureshkumar S M, Baradhan G, Suganya R
A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2022 to evaluate the growth and yield response of direct seeded rice under different formulation of new generation herbicides. The results revealed that, pre emergence application of bensulfuron methyl 0.6% + pretilachlor 6% GR @ 10 kg ha-1 on 7 DAS fb hand weeding on 40 DAS recorded broad spectrum of weed control. The highest crop growth attributes (tillers/hill, leaf area index and total dry matter), yield attributes (productive tiller, filled grains/panicle, panicle weight) and grain yield (6670 kg ha-1), net returns (Rs.94991 ha-1) and the highest returns per rupee invested (Rs.2.77) were recorded in pre emergence application of bensulfuron methyl 0.6% + pretilachlor 6% GR @ 10 kg ha-1 on 7 DAS fb hand weeding on 40 DAS, which was best broad spectrum effective herbicide in order to minimize the diverse weed flora in direct seeded rice
在 2022 年的旱季进行了一项田间试验，以评估直播稻在不同配方的新一代除草剂作用下的生长和产量反应。结果表明，在出苗前 7 DAS 施用 0.6% 的苄嘧磺隆 + 6% 的丙草胺 @ 10 kg ha-1，40 DAS 手工除草，可广泛防除杂草。最高的作物生长属性（分蘖/丘、叶面积指数和总干物质）、产量属性（多产分蘖、灌浆谷粒/穗、穗粒重）和谷物产量（6670 千克/公顷-1）、净收益（94991 卢比/公顷-1）以及最高的每卢比投资收益（2.在出苗前 7 DAS 施用 0.6% 的苄嘧磺隆 + 6% 的丙草胺 @ 10 kg ha-1，并在 40 DAS 进行人工除草时，记录到苄嘧磺隆 0.6% + 丙草胺 6% GR @ 10 kg ha-1，这是最好的广谱高效除草剂，可最大程度地减少直播稻的杂草种类。
{"title":"Response of Direct Seeded Rice Under Different Formulation of New Generation Herbicides on Growth And Yield","authors":"Gokul Raj B, Sureshkumar S M, Baradhan G, Suganya R","doi":"10.29321/maj.10.201107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.201107","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2022 to evaluate the growth and yield response of direct seeded rice under different formulation of new generation herbicides. The results revealed that, pre emergence application of bensulfuron methyl 0.6% + pretilachlor 6% GR @ 10 kg ha-1 on 7 DAS fb hand weeding on 40 DAS recorded broad spectrum of weed control. The highest crop growth attributes (tillers/hill, leaf area index and total dry matter), yield attributes (productive tiller, filled grains/panicle, panicle weight) and grain yield (6670 kg ha-1), net returns (Rs.94991 ha-1) and the highest returns per rupee invested (Rs.2.77) were recorded in pre emergence application of bensulfuron methyl 0.6% + pretilachlor 6% GR @ 10 kg ha-1 on 7 DAS fb hand weeding on 40 DAS, which was best broad spectrum effective herbicide in order to minimize the diverse weed flora in direct seeded rice","PeriodicalId":18154,"journal":{"name":"Madras Agricultural Journal","volume":"4 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140408434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karthick mani Bharathi B, Susikaran S, P. K T, V. V, V. S.
An experiment was carried out to compare yield attributes ofapical cuttings developed using Mini-clonal technology of variety V1 along with the regular stem cuttings. Both apical and stem cutting plants were evaluated under field conditions at Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu. In this study, yield parameters like fresh leaf weight (g), no of branches (no’s per plant), no of leaves (no’s per plant) and plant yield (g) were evaluated. The results clearly indicates superior performance was noticed in V1 apical cuttings, treatment 60DAP-AC (V1) mini clones recorded yield attributes like fresh leaf weight (5.33 g), no of branches (2.92 no’s) per plant, no of leaves (49.23 no’s) per plant and plant yield (103.98g) better than stem cuttingsfresh leaf weight (4.94 g), no of branches (2.56 no’s) per plant, no of leaves (41.85 no’s) per plant and plant yield (89.14 g).Evaluating yield traits under primary field conditions in relation to various transplantation days was the primary goal of the study
{"title":"Influence of Different Transplanting days on Yield attributes of Mini clones under Field Conditions for Morus indica (V1)","authors":"Karthick mani Bharathi B, Susikaran S, P. K T, V. V, V. S.","doi":"10.29321/maj.10.001099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.001099","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was carried out to compare yield attributes ofapical cuttings developed using Mini-clonal technology of variety V1 along with the regular stem cuttings. Both apical and stem cutting plants were evaluated under field conditions at Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu. In this study, yield parameters like fresh leaf weight (g), no of branches (no’s per plant), no of leaves (no’s per plant) and plant yield (g) were evaluated. The results clearly indicates superior performance was noticed in V1 apical cuttings, treatment 60DAP-AC (V1) mini clones recorded yield attributes like fresh leaf weight (5.33 g), no of branches (2.92 no’s) per plant, no of leaves (49.23 no’s) per plant and plant yield (103.98g) better than stem cuttingsfresh leaf weight (4.94 g), no of branches (2.56 no’s) per plant, no of leaves (41.85 no’s) per plant and plant yield (89.14 g).Evaluating yield traits under primary field conditions in relation to various transplantation days was the primary goal of the study","PeriodicalId":18154,"journal":{"name":"Madras Agricultural Journal","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140400031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karthickraja M, Premavathi R, Murugan PP, Vanetha K P
India is one of the largest producers of oilseeds in the world and occupies an important position in the Indian agricultural economy. The productivity of groundnut farming is currently declining due to pest and disease attacks, use of old and traditional low-yielding varieties. To tackle the issues demonstrations on cluster mode are essential. Cluster Frontline Demonstration (CFLD) is conducted by Subject Matter Specialists (SMSs) and scientists in a systemic manner on selected farmers field to spread the new variety and groundnut production technologies. The ICAR- KVK, Tindivanam had organized CFLDs on groundnut crop in two villages viz., Nolambur and Kilmavilangai. Therefore, the study aimed to know the profile characteristics of CFLD beneficiary farmers and to encounter the major constraints faced by groundnut growers. To get an adequate sample size, 60 CFLD beneficiaries were selected randomly for the present study. The data were collected by using a pre-tested interview schedule. Garrett’s ranking technique and percentage analysis were used to analyze the data for meaning interpretation. The majority of beneficiaries belonged to middle age category (61.66%), majority of male beneficiaries (80.00%), educated upto middle school (40.00%), land holdings of 1 to 2 ha (68.33%) as small land, 20- 30 years of farming experience in oilseeds (80.00%), participated in one training (66.67%), medium level of extension agency contact (66.67%) and mass media exposure (56.67%), 55 per cent of farmers were adopted new practices after the successful adoption of other members. The major constraints include poor labour availability, poor transport facilities, lack of proper marketing channels and lack of technical knowledge. Hence, CFLD showed that medium to high level profile characteristics and improved adoption of new technologies.
{"title":"Constraints Faced by the Groundnut Growers in Adoption of Cluster Frontline Demonstration of Villupuram District","authors":"Karthickraja M, Premavathi R, Murugan PP, Vanetha K P","doi":"10.29321/maj.10.x00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.x00009","url":null,"abstract":"India is one of the largest producers of oilseeds in the world and occupies an important position in the Indian agricultural economy. The productivity of groundnut farming is currently declining due to pest and disease attacks, use of old and traditional low-yielding varieties. To tackle the issues demonstrations on cluster mode are essential. Cluster Frontline Demonstration (CFLD) is conducted by Subject Matter Specialists (SMSs) and scientists in a systemic manner on selected farmers field to spread the new variety and groundnut production technologies. The ICAR- KVK, Tindivanam had organized CFLDs on groundnut crop in two villages viz., Nolambur and Kilmavilangai. Therefore, the study aimed to know the profile characteristics of CFLD beneficiary farmers and to encounter the major constraints faced by groundnut growers. To get an adequate sample size, 60 CFLD beneficiaries were selected randomly for the present study. The data were collected by using a pre-tested interview schedule. Garrett’s ranking technique and percentage analysis were used to analyze the data for meaning interpretation. The majority of beneficiaries belonged to middle age category (61.66%), majority of male beneficiaries (80.00%), educated upto middle school (40.00%), land holdings of 1 to 2 ha (68.33%) as small land, 20- 30 years of farming experience in oilseeds (80.00%), participated in one training (66.67%), medium level of extension agency contact (66.67%) and mass media exposure (56.67%), 55 per cent of farmers were adopted new practices after the successful adoption of other members. The major constraints include poor labour availability, poor transport facilities, lack of proper marketing channels and lack of technical knowledge. Hence, CFLD showed that medium to high level profile characteristics and improved adoption of new technologies.","PeriodicalId":18154,"journal":{"name":"Madras Agricultural Journal","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The survey on Azolla diversity revealed that Azolla pinnata and Azolla microphylla are the two species found throughout the agro-climatic zones of Tamil Nadu.The pot-culture experiments to screen the strains for local adaptability for the Tiruvallur district revealed that during cold months (Nov-Dec), most of the species grow with high growth rate (5 to 7 days doubling time) and during Jan-Feb, the doubling time increased from 7.5 to 9.5 days.Among the different Azolla species studied, A. pinnata and A. microphylla recorded a high growth rates and higher biomass production at elevated temperatures. Selected Azolla strains were highly suitable to grow well under open field conditions.Azolla pinnata and Azolla microphylla strains suitable for high-temperature zone district of Tamil Nadu (Tiruvallur) were identified. These strains can withstand the temperature up to 37°C in the months of July – Aug and produce high biomass and application of Azolla microphylla (Dual crop) with a 75 per cent recommended dose of NPK recorded as the maximum grain and straw yield of rice followed by the Azolla pinnata(dual crop) with 75 per cent recommended dose of NPK. These Azolla strains could be used as animal feed and also as green manure.
{"title":"Evaluation of Temperature - Tolerant Azolla Strains Suitable for Tiruvallur District","authors":"P. A, Balachandar D, Gopal H","doi":"10.29321/maj.10.200727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.200727","url":null,"abstract":"The survey on Azolla diversity revealed that Azolla pinnata and Azolla microphylla are the two species found throughout the agro-climatic zones of Tamil Nadu.The pot-culture experiments to screen the strains for local adaptability for the Tiruvallur district revealed that during cold months (Nov-Dec), most of the species grow with high growth rate (5 to 7 days doubling time) and during Jan-Feb, the doubling time increased from 7.5 to 9.5 days.Among the different Azolla species studied, A. pinnata and A. microphylla recorded a high growth rates and higher biomass production at elevated temperatures. Selected Azolla strains were highly suitable to grow well under open field conditions.Azolla pinnata and Azolla microphylla strains suitable for high-temperature zone district of Tamil Nadu (Tiruvallur) were identified. These strains can withstand the temperature up to 37°C in the months of July – Aug and produce high biomass and application of Azolla microphylla (Dual crop) with a 75 per cent recommended dose of NPK recorded as the maximum grain and straw yield of rice followed by the Azolla pinnata(dual crop) with 75 per cent recommended dose of NPK. These Azolla strains could be used as animal feed and also as green manure.","PeriodicalId":18154,"journal":{"name":"Madras Agricultural Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88025885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Field investigation was carried out during winter 2022 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore to study the phenological behaviour and yield of baby corn (Zea mays L.) as influenced by heat units. The split-plot design consisting of three dates of sowing viz., D1 – 21st January, D2 – 5th February and D3 – 20th February as a main plot and three spacing viz., 60x45 cm (S1), 60x30 cm (S2) and 60x20 (S3) as a sub plot was adopted and replicated thrice. Growing Degree Days, Helio Thermal Unit and Heat Use Efficiency were calculated for different phenological stages viz., plant emergence to 50% flowering (P1), 50% flowering to cob emergence (P2), cob emergence to harvest (P3), plant emergence to cob emergence (P4), 50% flowering to harvest (P5) and plant emergence to harvest (P6). The results revealed that sowing on 20th Feb. had completed the phenophases early, followed by 5th Feb and 21st Jan. GDD required for attaining physiological maturity was highest in 20th Feb. (1194.6 ºC days)). Except morning relative humidity, wind speed and solar radiation, all other weather parameters had negative correlation with baby corn yield (R2=0.921). The optimum temperature was obtained during D1 (27.2 – 27.5 ºC) along with short-day length (11.7 hours) resulting in higher corn yield (9333.3 kg/ha) as well as higher HUE (5.75).
2022年冬季，在哥印拜陀泰米尔纳德邦农业大学进行了实地调查，研究了热量单位对幼玉米(Zea mays L.)物候行为和产量的影响。采用1月D1 ~ 21日、D2 ~ 2月5日和D3 ~ 2月20日3个播期为主畦，60 × 45 cm (S1)、60 × 30 cm (S2)和60 × 20 cm (S3) 3个播距为次畦的分畦设计，重复3次。计算不同物候阶段(植物出苗至50%开花(P1)、50%开花至穗轴出苗(P2)、穗轴出苗至收获(P3)、植物出苗至穗轴出苗(P4)、50%开花至收获(P5)和植物出苗至收获(P6))的生长度数、日照热量单位和热量利用效率。结果表明，2月20日播种完成物候期较早，2月5日和1月21日播种完成物候期次之，2月20日达到生理成熟所需的GDD最高(1194.6℃d)。除早晨相对湿度、风速和太阳辐射外，其余气象参数均与玉米产量呈负相关(R2=0.921)。D1期温度最高(27.2 ~ 27.5℃)，日照时间短(11.7小时)，玉米产量高(9333.3 kg/ha)，色相高(5.75)。
{"title":"Impact of Heat Units on the Phenology and Yield of Baby Corn (Zea mays L.) in Western Agro Climate Zone of Tamil Nadu","authors":"A. P., K. S, K. N, Ramanathan Sp, S. T","doi":"10.29321/maj.10.000775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.000775","url":null,"abstract":"Field investigation was carried out during winter 2022 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore to study the phenological behaviour and yield of baby corn (Zea mays L.) as influenced by heat units. The split-plot design consisting of three dates of sowing viz., D1 – 21st January, D2 – 5th February and D3 – 20th February as a main plot and three spacing viz., 60x45 cm (S1), 60x30 cm (S2) and 60x20 (S3) as a sub plot was adopted and replicated thrice. Growing Degree Days, Helio Thermal Unit and Heat Use Efficiency were calculated for different phenological stages viz., plant emergence to 50% flowering (P1), 50% flowering to cob emergence (P2), cob emergence to harvest (P3), plant emergence to cob emergence (P4), 50% flowering to harvest (P5) and plant emergence to harvest (P6). The results revealed that sowing on 20th Feb. had completed the phenophases early, followed by 5th Feb and 21st Jan. GDD required for attaining physiological maturity was highest in 20th Feb. (1194.6 ºC days)). Except morning relative humidity, wind speed and solar radiation, all other weather parameters had negative correlation with baby corn yield (R2=0.921). The optimum temperature was obtained during D1 (27.2 – 27.5 ºC) along with short-day length (11.7 hours) resulting in higher corn yield (9333.3 kg/ha) as well as higher HUE (5.75).","PeriodicalId":18154,"journal":{"name":"Madras Agricultural Journal","volume":"2013 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82609185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. K., Suganya Kanna, Shanmugam Ps, C. N, B. K., Krishnamoorthy Sv
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important tuber crop grown for food, feed and beverages. Because of its ability to grow on soil of low organic content and produce high yield, it is considered a food security crop in African countries. Now it became the industrial crop since it is raw material for the production of starch, energy and live stock feed. In Tamil Nadu, it is grown in Salem, Namakkal, Erode, Cuddalore, Dharmapuri and Kanyakumari districts, both in irrigated and rainfed condition. Recently , the major constraint in cassava production are mealybug damage. The invasive mealybug species, Phenococcus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Pseudococcidae) was first reported from Salem district and its occurrence was found associated with other species of mealybug. The nymphs and adult of mealybugs were collected from farmer”s field in Namakkal, Salem and Tiruppur district and morphological characters were observed to identify the key characters of mealybug species. Among the specimens collected, the species identified with colour, wax coating and body filaments were Ferrisia virgata, Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi and P. manihoti. P. manihotidifferentiated from the other species with its distinct symptom of distortion of leaves at tip (Bunchy top) and extensive honey dew secretion.
{"title":"Comparative Morphological Description of Mealybug Species in Cassava","authors":"P. K., Suganya Kanna, Shanmugam Ps, C. N, B. K., Krishnamoorthy Sv","doi":"10.29321/maj.10.000761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.000761","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important tuber crop grown for food, feed and beverages. Because of its ability to grow on soil of low organic content and produce high yield, it is considered a food security crop in African countries. Now it became the industrial crop since it is raw material for the production of starch, energy and live stock feed. In Tamil Nadu, it is grown in Salem, Namakkal, Erode, Cuddalore, Dharmapuri and Kanyakumari districts, both in irrigated and rainfed condition. Recently , the major constraint in cassava production are mealybug damage. The invasive mealybug species, Phenococcus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Pseudococcidae) was first reported from Salem district and its occurrence was found associated with other species of mealybug. The nymphs and adult of mealybugs were collected from farmer”s field in Namakkal, Salem and Tiruppur district and morphological characters were observed to identify the key characters of mealybug species. Among the specimens collected, the species identified with colour, wax coating and body filaments were Ferrisia virgata, Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi and P. manihoti. P. manihotidifferentiated from the other species with its distinct symptom of distortion of leaves at tip (Bunchy top) and extensive honey dew secretion.","PeriodicalId":18154,"journal":{"name":"Madras Agricultural Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90221647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was undertaken to develop superior hybrids for yield and its component traits in Sesamum indicum L. through interspecific hybridization by utilizing S. malabaricum as one of the parents. Direct and reciprocal crosses were attempted using eight cultivated varieties and S. malabaricum, which evaluated a total of fifteen interspecific hybrids. Highly significant and positive heterosis was observed in a few hybrids for the vegetative traits. For single plant yield, the number of seeds per capsule, 100 seed weight, highly significant and negative heterosis was observed. The hybrid SVPR 1 x S. malabaricum had expressed significantly negative relative heterosis for days to first flowering, days to maturity, and plant height. The cross S. malabaricum x TMV 3 had shown highly significant and positive relative heterosis for the number of primary and secondary branches the number of capsules on the main stem and branches.
{"title":"Studies on the Expression of Heterosis in Interspecific Hybrids of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)","authors":"M. B","doi":"10.29321/maj.10.200734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.200734","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was undertaken to develop superior hybrids for yield and its component traits in Sesamum indicum L. through interspecific hybridization by utilizing S. malabaricum as one of the parents. Direct and reciprocal crosses were attempted using eight cultivated varieties and S. malabaricum, which evaluated a total of fifteen interspecific hybrids. Highly significant and positive heterosis was observed in a few hybrids for the vegetative traits. For single plant yield, the number of seeds per capsule, 100 seed weight, highly significant and negative heterosis was observed. The hybrid SVPR 1 x S. malabaricum had expressed significantly negative relative heterosis for days to first flowering, days to maturity, and plant height. The cross S. malabaricum x TMV 3 had shown highly significant and positive relative heterosis for the number of primary and secondary branches the number of capsules on the main stem and branches.","PeriodicalId":18154,"journal":{"name":"Madras Agricultural Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75360796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Widely consumed type of rice in the world with white pericarp and is known as non-pigmented white rice. Recently, pigmented traditional rice varieties have become popular among the consumers due to its dark pigmented pericarp having nutritional value. This type of rice variety is important in determining the digestibility of starch and its Glycemic index (GI). The digestibility of the rice depends on the properties of starch, including its crystallinity and amylose: amylopectin ratio. Hence, the study focuses on the analysis of phyto nutrients in the selected traditional and TNAU released rice varieties to identify the low GI lines. Nutritional analysis of the selected traditional rice genotypes namely Karuppu kavuni, Karun kuruvai (black), Kaattuyanam, Mapillai samba and Kuruvai kalanchiyam and five ruling TNAU released rice varieties (ADT 52, TKM 9,TKM 13, ASD 16 and CO51) has been carried out. Among the selected traditional and TNAU - released rice varieties, Mapillai samba showed the strongest alpha-amylase inhibition (IC50 = 23.15 μg/mL), maximum anthocyanin content (48.37 mg/100g), and phenolic content (45.8 mg/100g), highest total antioxidant activity (51.8% DPPH scavenging activity. Mapillai samba (31) and Kuruvai kalanjiyam (27.5) were identified as low glycemic index lines. Hence, the pigmented traditional rice landraces can be used as a source of functional foods.
{"title":"Comparative Nutritional Analysis of Selected Traditional and TNAU Released Rice Varieties to Identify Nutritionally Potent Landraces for Enhancing Food Security","authors":"R. P, A. D","doi":"10.29321/maj.10.200793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.200793","url":null,"abstract":"Widely consumed type of rice in the world with white pericarp and is known as non-pigmented white rice. Recently, pigmented traditional rice varieties have become popular among the consumers due to its dark pigmented pericarp having nutritional value. This type of rice variety is important in determining the digestibility of starch and its Glycemic index (GI). The digestibility of the rice depends on the properties of starch, including its crystallinity and amylose: amylopectin ratio. Hence, the study focuses on the analysis of phyto nutrients in the selected traditional and TNAU released rice varieties to identify the low GI lines. Nutritional analysis of the selected traditional rice genotypes namely Karuppu kavuni, Karun kuruvai (black), Kaattuyanam, Mapillai samba and Kuruvai kalanchiyam and five ruling TNAU released rice varieties (ADT 52, TKM 9,TKM 13, ASD 16 and CO51) has been carried out. Among the selected traditional and TNAU - released rice varieties, Mapillai samba showed the strongest alpha-amylase inhibition (IC50 = 23.15 μg/mL), maximum anthocyanin content (48.37 mg/100g), and phenolic content (45.8 mg/100g), highest total antioxidant activity (51.8% DPPH scavenging activity. Mapillai samba (31) and Kuruvai kalanjiyam (27.5) were identified as low glycemic index lines. Hence, the pigmented traditional rice landraces can be used as a source of functional foods.","PeriodicalId":18154,"journal":{"name":"Madras Agricultural Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82093849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims to assess and evaluate the course's effectiveness and its impact on various stakeholders. An impact study seeks to understand how well a program or course, achieves its intended objectives and how it affects the participants, the institution, and the broader community. Sericulture, the art, and science of making silk, has played a significant role in human culture for many years as a source of luxury, wealth, and employment in rural areas. In response to this demand, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University is offering Sericulture certificate programmes in distance mode. It has arisen as a potential way to educate and enable people from every aspect of life, particularly those living in rural regions, to engage in this lucrative industry. Sericulture course was chosen among 41 certificate courses and responses were collected from the successfully completed learners. This paper attempts to explain the impact of the course concerning eight various dimensions that describes the level of impact attained by Sericulture certificate course among learners. As, the study investigates the impact obtained by past learners, the research design Ex post facto design was utilized to conduct the study. The sample for the study was successful learners who had completed their certificate course during the year of 2019 (55) and 2020 (32) as total 87 successful learners were taken for the study from various districts in Tamil Nadu. Chi square test revealed that there is significant association between Geographical distance (0.016), Job aspiration (0.057*), Experience in Sericulture (0.009), Attitude towards Entrepreneurship (0.007) and Motivation (0.056*) with Impact of Sericulture certificate course. The study shows that majority of the learners benefited by completing the Sericulture certificate course and it created good impact among learners.
{"title":"Impact of Sericulture Certificate Courses Offered by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University in a Distance Mode","authors":"H. V., N. M, B. P., G. R.","doi":"10.29321/maj.10.000828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.000828","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to assess and evaluate the course's effectiveness and its impact on various stakeholders. An impact study seeks to understand how well a program or course, achieves its intended objectives and how it affects the participants, the institution, and the broader community. Sericulture, the art, and science of making silk, has played a significant role in human culture for many years as a source of luxury, wealth, and employment in rural areas. In response to this demand, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University is offering Sericulture certificate programmes in distance mode. It has arisen as a potential way to educate and enable people from every aspect of life, particularly those living in rural regions, to engage in this lucrative industry. Sericulture course was chosen among 41 certificate courses and responses were collected from the successfully completed learners. This paper attempts to explain the impact of the course concerning eight various dimensions that describes the level of impact attained by Sericulture certificate course among learners. As, the study investigates the impact obtained by past learners, the research design Ex post facto design was utilized to conduct the study. The sample for the study was successful learners who had completed their certificate course during the year of 2019 (55) and 2020 (32) as total 87 successful learners were taken for the study from various districts in Tamil Nadu. Chi square test revealed that there is significant association between Geographical distance (0.016), Job aspiration (0.057*), Experience in Sericulture (0.009), Attitude towards Entrepreneurship (0.007) and Motivation (0.056*) with Impact of Sericulture certificate course. The study shows that majority of the learners benefited by completing the Sericulture certificate course and it created good impact among learners.","PeriodicalId":18154,"journal":{"name":"Madras Agricultural Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76380245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Thimmareddy, Mahantesh B. Nagangoudar, Pugazenthi K, Senbagavalli G, Priyanka P
Chickpea is one of the major legumes predominately cultivated in North Interior Karnataka (NIK). This simulation study using CROPWAT model aimed at quantifying yield reduction under rainfed conditions and proper irrigation scheduling in chickpea variety BGD-103. This would help NIK farmers in tapping the potential yields of this crop through proper irrigation management. Crop management input in the model was based on the recommended practices of UAS, Dharwad, across four dates of sowing from 1st October to 15th October at quarterly intervals on black clay soil. The simulated outputs were analyzed at decadal interval for both past (1991-2020) and projected climate (2021-2050). Under past climate, two irrigation was simulated i.e., one irrigation at 40-45 days after sowing (DAS) and another at pod filling stage (70 DAS). The number of irrigations decreased by one under projected climate i.e., only one irrigation at 45 DAS. Yield reduction in rainfed conditions on black clay soil under past climate was 31.6 %, which in contrast, decreased by 16.4 % under projected climate and is presented against spatial distribution across NIK. Sowing early i.e., on 01st October under projected climate (2021-2050) simulated the lowest yield reduction (rainfed) and require fewest irrigations across 12 districts of NIK.
{"title":"Irrigation Scheduling and Estimating Yield Reduction in Chickpea under Rainfed Condition and Changing Climate of North Interior Karnataka","authors":"H. Thimmareddy, Mahantesh B. Nagangoudar, Pugazenthi K, Senbagavalli G, Priyanka P","doi":"10.29321/maj.10.200796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.200796","url":null,"abstract":"Chickpea is one of the major legumes predominately cultivated in North Interior Karnataka (NIK). This simulation study using CROPWAT model aimed at quantifying yield reduction under rainfed conditions and proper irrigation scheduling in chickpea variety BGD-103. This would help NIK farmers in tapping the potential yields of this crop through proper irrigation management. Crop management input in the model was based on the recommended practices of UAS, Dharwad, across four dates of sowing from 1st October to 15th October at quarterly intervals on black clay soil. The simulated outputs were analyzed at decadal interval for both past (1991-2020) and projected climate (2021-2050). Under past climate, two irrigation was simulated i.e., one irrigation at 40-45 days after sowing (DAS) and another at pod filling stage (70 DAS). The number of irrigations decreased by one under projected climate i.e., only one irrigation at 45 DAS. Yield reduction in rainfed conditions on black clay soil under past climate was 31.6 %, which in contrast, decreased by 16.4 % under projected climate and is presented against spatial distribution across NIK. Sowing early i.e., on 01st October under projected climate (2021-2050) simulated the lowest yield reduction (rainfed) and require fewest irrigations across 12 districts of NIK.","PeriodicalId":18154,"journal":{"name":"Madras Agricultural Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90354841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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