Compressed Sensing (CS) is important in the field of image processing and signal processing, and CS-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is used to reconstruct image from undersampled k-space data. Total Variation (TV) regularisation is a common technique to improve the sparsity of image, and the Alternating Direction Multiplier Method (ADMM) plays a key role in the variational image processing problem. This paper aims to improve the quality of MRI and shorten the reconstruction time. We consider MRI to solve a linear inverse problem, we convert it into a constrained optimization problem based on TV regularisation, then an accelerated ADMM is established. Through a series of theoretical derivations, we verify that the algorithm satisfies the convergence rate of under the condition that one objective function is quadratically convex and the other is strongly convex. We select five undersampled templates for testing in MRI experiment and compare it with other algorithms, experimental results show that our proposed method not only improves the running speed but also gives better reconstruction results.
压缩传感（CS）在图像处理和信号处理领域非常重要，CS-磁共振成像（MRI）用于从欠采样 k 空间数据重建图像。总变异（TV）正则化是改善图像稀疏性的常用技术，而交替方向乘法器法（ADMM）在变异图像处理问题中发挥着关键作用。本文旨在提高核磁共振成像的质量并缩短重建时间。我们认为核磁共振成像求解的是一个线性逆问题，我们将其转换为一个基于 TV 正则化的约束优化问题，然后建立了一个加速 ADMM。通过一系列理论推导，我们验证了在一个目标函数为二次凸函数，另一个目标函数为强凸函数的条件下，算法的收敛速度满足 O1/k2。在核磁共振成像实验中，我们选择了五个欠采样模板进行测试，并与其他算法进行了比较，实验结果表明，我们提出的方法不仅提高了运行速度，而且得到了更好的重建结果。
{"title":"An accelerated alternating direction method of multiplier for MRI with TV regularisation","authors":"ZhiBin Zhu , YueHong Ding , Ying Liu , JiaQi Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compressed Sensing (CS) is important in the field of image processing and signal processing, and CS-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is used to reconstruct image from undersampled k-space data. Total Variation (TV) regularisation is a common technique to improve the sparsity of image, and the Alternating Direction Multiplier Method (ADMM) plays a key role in the variational image processing problem. This paper aims to improve the quality of MRI and shorten the reconstruction time. We consider MRI to solve a linear inverse problem, we convert it into a constrained optimization problem based on TV regularisation, then an accelerated ADMM is established. Through a series of theoretical derivations, we verify that the algorithm satisfies the convergence rate of <span><math><mi>O</mi><mfenced><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>k</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></mfenced></math></span> under the condition that one objective function is quadratically convex and the other is strongly convex. We select five undersampled templates for testing in MRI experiment and compare it with other algorithms, experimental results show that our proposed method not only improves the running speed but also gives better reconstruction results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 110249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.110243
Peng Cao , Wenting Jiang , Changhe Chen , Yiang Wang , Jonathan Havenhill
Purpose: Real-time MRI offers a continuous and dynamic view of the object being imaged. Researchers have applied real-time MRI to speech production, which allows for the visualization of the vocal tract during speech.
Methods: This study proposed applying self-navigated subspace reconstruction for real-time vocal tract imaging. We performed experiments on a clinical 3 T MRI using standard RF coils and rapid acquisition. Additionally, 1000 frames were compressed during reconstruction to a few principal components, and iterative low-rank approximation was performed on compressed k-space, in conjunction with the orthogonal basis estimation for the subspace.
Results: The simulation study involving a 32-time acceleration showed that the proposed method produced a reasonably small root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.159, compared to 0.278 for sliding window reconstruction, 0.2527 for SToRM and 0.294 for low-rank reconstruction. The study also presented in vivo images of a typical sagittal image with a temporal resolution of 7 ms/frame or 21 ms/frame for the three-slice scan.
Conclusion: Our study presented a subspace reconstruction technique that does not require a navigator echo, which can be used for real-time MRI, particularly in speech imaging applications.
{"title":"Self-navigated subspace reconstruction for real-time MR imaging of the vocal tract","authors":"Peng Cao , Wenting Jiang , Changhe Chen , Yiang Wang , Jonathan Havenhill","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Purpose: Real-time MRI offers a continuous and dynamic view of the object being imaged. Researchers have applied real-time MRI to speech production, which allows for the visualization of the vocal tract during speech.</div><div>Methods: This study proposed applying self-navigated subspace reconstruction for real-time vocal tract imaging. We performed experiments on a clinical 3 T MRI using standard RF coils and rapid acquisition. Additionally, 1000 frames were compressed during reconstruction to a few principal components, and iterative low-rank approximation was performed on compressed k-space, in conjunction with the orthogonal basis estimation for the subspace.</div><div>Results: The simulation study involving a 32-time acceleration showed that the proposed method produced a reasonably small root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.159, compared to 0.278 for sliding window reconstruction, 0.2527 for SToRM and 0.294 for low-rank reconstruction. The study also presented in vivo images of a typical sagittal image with a temporal resolution of 7 ms/frame or 21 ms/frame for the three-slice scan.</div><div>Conclusion: Our study presented a subspace reconstruction technique that does not require a navigator echo, which can be used for real-time MRI, particularly in speech imaging applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 110243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.110245
Somaye Jabari , Amin Ghodousian , Reza Lashgari , Hamidreza Saligheh Rad , Babak A. Ardekani
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a powerful neuroimaging technique that provides valuable insights into the microstructure and connectivity of the brain. By measuring the diffusion of water molecules along neuronal fibers, DTI allows the visualization and study of intricate networks of neural pathways.
DTI is a noise-sensitive method, where a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) results in significant errors in the estimated tensor field. Tensor field regularization is an effective solution for noise reduction.
Diffusion tensors are represented by symmetric positive-definite (SPD) matrices. The space of SPD matrices may be viewed as a Riemannian manifold after defining a suitable metric on its tangent bundle. The Log-Cholesky metric is a recently developed concept with advantages over previously defined Riemannian metrics, such as the affine-invariant and Log-Euclidean metrics. The utility of the Log-Cholesky metric for tensor field regularization and noise reduction has not been investigated in detail.
This manuscript provides a quantitative investigation of the impact of Log-Cholesky filtering on noise reduction in DTI. It also provides sufficient details of the linear algebra and abstract differential geometry concepts necessary to implement this technique as a simple and effective solution to filtering diffusion tensor fields.
{"title":"Log-Cholesky filtering of diffusion tensor fields: Impact on noise reduction","authors":"Somaye Jabari , Amin Ghodousian , Reza Lashgari , Hamidreza Saligheh Rad , Babak A. Ardekani","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a powerful neuroimaging technique that provides valuable insights into the microstructure and connectivity of the brain. By measuring the diffusion of water molecules along neuronal fibers, DTI allows the visualization and study of intricate networks of neural pathways.</div><div>DTI is a noise-sensitive method, where a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) results in significant errors in the estimated tensor field. Tensor field regularization is an effective solution for noise reduction.</div><div>Diffusion tensors are represented by symmetric positive-definite (SPD) matrices. The space of SPD matrices may be viewed as a Riemannian manifold after defining a suitable metric on its tangent bundle. The Log-Cholesky metric is a recently developed concept with advantages over previously defined Riemannian metrics, such as the affine-invariant and Log-Euclidean metrics. The utility of the Log-Cholesky metric for tensor field regularization and noise reduction has not been investigated in detail.</div><div>This manuscript provides a quantitative investigation of the impact of Log-Cholesky filtering on noise reduction in DTI. It also provides sufficient details of the linear algebra and abstract differential geometry concepts necessary to implement this technique as a simple and effective solution to filtering diffusion tensor fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 110245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.110250
Omar Mourad Hassan Zaki Selim , Ahmed Samir Abdel Hakim Ibrahim , Nihal Hussien Aly , Sherif Nabil Abbas Hegazy , Fatma Soliman Elsayed Ebeid
Background
The T2* technique, used for quantifying myocardial iron content (MIC), has limitations in detecting early myocardial iron overload (MIO). The in vivo mapping of the myocardial T1 relaxation time is a promising alternative for the early detection and management of MIO.
Methods
32 β-thalassemia major (βTM) patients aged 11.5 ± 4 years and 32 healthy controls were recruited and underwent thorough clinical and laboratory assessments. The mid-level septal iron overload was measured through T1 mapping using a modified Look-Locker inversion recovery sequence with a 3 (3 s) 3 (3 s) 5 scheme. Septum was divided at the mentioned level into 3 zones corresponding to segments 8 and 9 in the cardiac segmentation model.
Results
21.9 % of βTM had clinical cardiac morbidity. The cut-off of T1 mapping of hepatic and myocardium to differentiate between the patients and control groups was ≤466 and ≥ 923 ms respectively. The T1 technique was able to detect 4 patients with high MIC, two of them were not detected by the T2* technique. There was a statistically significant correlation between the average T1 values of the studied zones in patients with βTM and the liver iron content (LIC), the T1 values within segment 8 of the liver, age of patients, the age at first transfusion, age of splenectomy and serum ferritin value.
Conclusion
The addition of the T1 mapping sequence to the conventional T2* technique was able to increase the efficacy of the MIC detection protocol by earlier detection of MIO. This would guide chelation therapy to decrease myocardial morbidity.
{"title":"Early detection of myocardial iron overload in patients with β-thalassemia major using cardiac magnetic resonance T1 mapping","authors":"Omar Mourad Hassan Zaki Selim , Ahmed Samir Abdel Hakim Ibrahim , Nihal Hussien Aly , Sherif Nabil Abbas Hegazy , Fatma Soliman Elsayed Ebeid","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The T2* technique, used for quantifying myocardial iron content (MIC), has limitations in detecting early myocardial iron overload (MIO). The in vivo mapping of the myocardial T1 relaxation time is a promising alternative for the early detection and management of MIO.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>32 β-thalassemia major (βTM) patients aged 11.5 ± 4 years and 32 healthy controls were recruited and underwent thorough clinical and laboratory assessments. The mid-level septal iron overload was measured through T1 mapping using a modified Look-Locker inversion recovery sequence with a 3 (3 s) 3 (3 s) 5 scheme. Septum was divided at the mentioned level into 3 zones corresponding to segments 8 and 9 in the cardiac segmentation model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>21.9 % of βTM had clinical cardiac morbidity. The cut-off of T1 mapping of hepatic and myocardium to differentiate between the patients and control groups was ≤466 and ≥ 923 ms respectively. The T1 technique was able to detect 4 patients with high MIC, two of them were not detected by the T2* technique. There was a statistically significant correlation between the average T1 values of the studied zones in patients with βTM and the liver iron content (LIC), the T1 values within segment 8 of the liver, age of patients, the age at first transfusion, age of splenectomy and serum ferritin value.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The addition of the T1 mapping sequence to the conventional T2* technique was able to increase the efficacy of the MIC detection protocol by earlier detection of MIO. This would guide chelation therapy to decrease myocardial morbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 110250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.110242
Yijia Zeng , Runtong Zhang , Qing Wang , Jingzhen He , Dexin Yu , Guowei Tao , Jiaxiang Xin , Lei Xue , Meng Zhao
Purpose
In clinical practice, fetal gastrointestinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) encounters significant challenges. T1-weighted images are particularly susceptible to the effects of fetal and maternal movements compared to other weighted images, complicating the acquisition of satisfactory results. This study aimed to compare three fast 3D-T1 weighted gradient echo (GRE) sequences—free-breathing stack-of-stars VIBE (STAR-VIBE), breath-hold VIBE (BH-VIBE), and free-breathing multi-average VIBE (MA-VIBE)—for fetal gastrointestinal MRI in fetuses with both normal and abnormal gastrointestinal tracts between 21 and 36 weeks of gestation.
Methods
This study enrolled 67 pregnant women who underwent fetal abdominal MRI at our hospital between October 2022 and October 2023, during their gestational period of 21–36 weeks. Among these participants, 22 were suspected of having fetal gastrointestinal anomalies based on ultrasound findings, while the remaining 45 were considered to have normal fetal gastrointestinal development. All subjects underwent True fast imaging with steady-state precession sequence scanning along with three T1-weighted imaging techniques on a Siemens 1.5-T Aera scanner: STAR-VIBE, BH-VIBE, and MA-VIBE. Two radiologists evaluated image quality, intestinal clarity, and lesion conspicuity using a five-point scale where higher scores indicated superior performance for each technique; they were blinded to the acquisition schemes used. Interobserver variability assessments were also conducted.
Results
The free-breathing MA-VIBE sequence demonstrated significantly better performance than both STAR-VIBE and BH-VIBE in terms of fetal gastrointestinal MRI quality (3.81 ± 0.40 vs. 3.35 ± 0.70 vs. 2.90 ± 0.64; p < .05). The STAR-VIBE and BH-VIBE sequences exhibited moderate consistency (kappa = 0.586 and kappa = 0.527 respectively; P < .05), whereas the MA-VIBE sequence showed higher consistency (kappa = 0.712; P < .05).
Conclusion
The free-breathing MA-VIBE sequence provided superior visualization for assessing fetal intestinal conditions compared to other methods employed in this study. On a 1.5 T MRI device, T1-weighted images based on the free-breathing MA-VIBE sequence can effectively overcome motion artifacts and compensate for the reduced signal-to-noise ratio caused by the application of acceleration techniques, thus significantly improving the quality of T1-weighted images.
{"title":"Evaluating T1-weighted MRI techniques for fetal gastrointestinal diagnostics: A comparative study","authors":"Yijia Zeng , Runtong Zhang , Qing Wang , Jingzhen He , Dexin Yu , Guowei Tao , Jiaxiang Xin , Lei Xue , Meng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>In clinical practice, fetal gastrointestinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) encounters significant challenges. T1-weighted images are particularly susceptible to the effects of fetal and maternal movements compared to other weighted images, complicating the acquisition of satisfactory results. This study aimed to compare three fast 3D-T1 weighted gradient echo (GRE) sequences—free-breathing stack-of-stars VIBE (STAR-VIBE), breath-hold VIBE (BH-VIBE), and free-breathing multi-average VIBE (MA-VIBE)—for fetal gastrointestinal MRI in fetuses with both normal and abnormal gastrointestinal tracts between 21 and 36 weeks of gestation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study enrolled 67 pregnant women who underwent fetal abdominal MRI at our hospital between October 2022 and October 2023, during their gestational period of 21–36 weeks. Among these participants, 22 were suspected of having fetal gastrointestinal anomalies based on ultrasound findings, while the remaining 45 were considered to have normal fetal gastrointestinal development. All subjects underwent True fast imaging with steady-state precession sequence scanning along with three T1-weighted imaging techniques on a Siemens 1.5-T Aera scanner: STAR-VIBE, BH-VIBE, and MA-VIBE. Two radiologists evaluated image quality, intestinal clarity, and lesion conspicuity using a five-point scale where higher scores indicated superior performance for each technique; they were blinded to the acquisition schemes used. Interobserver variability assessments were also conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The free-breathing MA-VIBE sequence demonstrated significantly better performance than both STAR-VIBE and BH-VIBE in terms of fetal gastrointestinal MRI quality (3.81 ± 0.40 vs. 3.35 ± 0.70 vs. 2.90 ± 0.64; <em>p</em> < .05). The STAR-VIBE and BH-VIBE sequences exhibited moderate consistency (kappa = 0.586 and kappa = 0.527 respectively; <em>P</em> < .05), whereas the MA-VIBE sequence showed higher consistency (kappa = 0.712; P < .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The free-breathing MA-VIBE sequence provided superior visualization for assessing fetal intestinal conditions compared to other methods employed in this study. On a 1.5 T MRI device, T1-weighted images based on the free-breathing MA-VIBE sequence can effectively overcome motion artifacts and compensate for the reduced signal-to-noise ratio caused by the application of acceleration techniques, thus significantly improving the quality of T1-weighted images.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 110242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Assessing spatial resolution in MRI is challenging due to non-linearity. Despite the widespread use of 3D imaging in clinical practice for lesion detection and multi-planar reconstruction (MPR), the extended acquisition time poses a shortcoming. To address this, the “Slice resolution” parameter is utilized; however, its impact on MPR images is unclear. This study aims to assess spatial resolution using the ladder method, investigate the effects of diverse slice resolution settings in various imaging sequences, and propose optimal conditions.
Methods
Images were acquired using various 3D imaging sequences—SPACE T1WI, SPACE T2WI, and VIBE T1WI—with different slice resolutions. Axial cross-section images were acquired and reconstructed into coronal cross-sections. The ladder method was employed for objective evaluation, including spatial frequency analysis. Additionally, visual evaluation was conducted and compared with ladder method results.
Results
For three imaging sequences, the evaluated value of ladder method remained relatively constant from 100 % to 80 % slice resolution. However, the evaluated value decreased in low-spatial frequency for slice resolution below 70 %.
Conclusions
Results from both ladder method and visual evaluations indicated image quality remained stable when the slice resolution was decreased to 80 %, potentially enabling a 20 % reduction in imaging time while preserving resolution in other cross-sections reconstructed by MPR.
{"title":"Optimization of 3D imaging time reduction by assessing spatial resolution in the slice selective direction using the ladder method","authors":"Tomokazu Takeuchi , Norio Hayashi , Kouichi Ujita , Yusuke Sato , Ayako Taketomi-Takahashi , Takayuki Suto , Yoshito Tsushima","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Assessing spatial resolution in MRI is challenging due to non-linearity. Despite the widespread use of 3D imaging in clinical practice for lesion detection and multi-planar reconstruction (MPR), the extended acquisition time poses a shortcoming. To address this, the “Slice resolution” parameter is utilized; however, its impact on MPR images is unclear. This study aims to assess spatial resolution using the ladder method, investigate the effects of diverse slice resolution settings in various imaging sequences, and propose optimal conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Images were acquired using various 3D imaging sequences—SPACE T1WI, SPACE T2WI, and VIBE T1WI—with different slice resolutions. Axial cross-section images were acquired and reconstructed into coronal cross-sections. The ladder method was employed for objective evaluation, including spatial frequency analysis. Additionally, visual evaluation was conducted and compared with ladder method results.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For three imaging sequences, the evaluated value of ladder method remained relatively constant from 100 % to 80 % slice resolution. However, the evaluated value decreased in low-spatial frequency for slice resolution below 70 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results from both ladder method and visual evaluations indicated image quality remained stable when the slice resolution was decreased to 80 %, potentially enabling a 20 % reduction in imaging time while preserving resolution in other cross-sections reconstructed by MPR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 110246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.110251
Steven Winter , Ali Mahzarnia , Robert J. Anderson , Zay Yar Han , Jessica Tremblay , Jacques A. Stout , Hae Sol Moon , Daniel Marcellino , David B. Dunson , Alexandra Badea
Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents complex challenges due to its multifactorial nature, poorly understood etiology, and late detection. The mechanisms through which genetic and modifiable risk factors influence disease susceptibility are under intense investigation, with APOE being the major genetic risk factor for late onset AD. Yet the impact of unique risk factors on brain networks is difficult to disentangle, and their interactions remain unclear.
To model multiple risk factors, including APOE genotype, age, sex, diet, and immunity we used a cross sectional design, leveraging mice expressing human APOE and NOS2 genes, conferring a reduced immune response compared to mouse Nos2. We used network topological and GraphClass analyses of brain connectomes derived from accelerated diffusion-weighted MRI to assess the global and local impact of risk factors, in the absence of AD pathology.
Aging and a high-fat diet impacted extensive networks comprising AD-vulnerable regions, including the temporal association cortex, amygdala, and the periaqueductal gray, involved in stress responses. Sex impacted networks including sexually dimorphic regions (thalamus, insula, hypothalamus) and key memory-processing areas (fimbria, septum). APOE genotypes modulated connectivity in memory, sensory, and motor regions, while diet and immunity both impacted the insula and hypothalamus. Notably, these risk factors converged on a circuit comprising 63 of 54,946 total connections (0.11% of the connectome), highlighting shared vulnerability amongst multiple AD risk factors in regions essential for sensory integration, emotional regulation, decision making, motor coordination, memory, homeostasis, and interoception. APOE genotype specific immune signatures support the design of interventions tailored to risk profiles. Sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) including spatial memory as a risk factor resulted in a network comprising 80 edges, showing significant overlap with risk-associated networks from GraphClass. The largest overlaps were observed with networks impacted by diet (47 edges), immunity (39 edges), APOE3 vs 4 (26 edges), sex (23 edges), and age (19 edges), the resulting networks supporting the use of sensory cues in spatial memory retrieval.
These network-based biomarkers hold translational value for distinguishing high-risk versus low-risk participants at preclinical AD stages, suggest circuits as potential therapeutic targets, and advance our understanding of network fingerprints associated with AD risk.
{"title":"Brain network fingerprints of Alzheimer's disease risk factors in mouse models with humanized APOE alleles","authors":"Steven Winter , Ali Mahzarnia , Robert J. Anderson , Zay Yar Han , Jessica Tremblay , Jacques A. Stout , Hae Sol Moon , Daniel Marcellino , David B. Dunson , Alexandra Badea","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents complex challenges due to its multifactorial nature, poorly understood etiology, and late detection. The mechanisms through which genetic and modifiable risk factors influence disease susceptibility are under intense investigation, with APOE being the major genetic risk factor for late onset AD. Yet the impact of unique risk factors on brain networks is difficult to disentangle, and their interactions remain unclear.</div><div>To model multiple risk factors, including APOE genotype, age, sex, diet, and immunity we used a cross sectional design, leveraging mice expressing human APOE and NOS2 genes, conferring a reduced immune response compared to mouse Nos2. We used network topological and GraphClass analyses of brain connectomes derived from accelerated diffusion-weighted MRI to assess the global and local impact of risk factors, in the absence of AD pathology.</div><div>Aging and a high-fat diet impacted extensive networks comprising AD-vulnerable regions, including the temporal association cortex, amygdala, and the periaqueductal gray, involved in stress responses. Sex impacted networks including sexually dimorphic regions (thalamus, insula, hypothalamus) and key memory-processing areas (fimbria, septum). APOE genotypes modulated connectivity in memory, sensory, and motor regions, while diet and immunity both impacted the insula and hypothalamus. Notably, these risk factors converged on a circuit comprising 63 of 54,946 total connections (0.11% of the connectome), highlighting shared vulnerability amongst multiple AD risk factors in regions essential for sensory integration, emotional regulation, decision making, motor coordination, memory, homeostasis, and interoception. APOE genotype specific immune signatures support the design of interventions tailored to risk profiles. Sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) including spatial memory as a risk factor resulted in a network comprising 80 edges, showing significant overlap with risk-associated networks from GraphClass. The largest overlaps were observed with networks impacted by diet (47 edges), immunity (39 edges), APOE3 vs 4 (26 edges), sex (23 edges), and age (19 edges), the resulting networks supporting the use of sensory cues in spatial memory retrieval.</div><div>These network-based biomarkers hold translational value for distinguishing high-risk versus low-risk participants at preclinical AD stages, suggest circuits as potential therapeutic targets, and advance our understanding of network fingerprints associated with AD risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 110251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.110248
Yongfang Wang , Bin Wang , Jiangbo Qin , Haili Yan , Haoyuan Chen , Jinxia Guo , Pu-Yeh Wu , Xiaochun Wang
Purpose
To gauge the utility of multiparametric MRI in characterizing pathologic changes after iodinated contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in rats.
Methods
We randomly grouped 24 rats injected with 8 g iodine/kg of body weight (n = 6 each) and 6 rats injected with saline as controls. All rats underwent T1, T2 mapping and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) after contrast injection at 0 (control), 1, 3, 7, 13 days. T1, T2, and mean kurtosis (MK) values were performed in renal outer/inner stripes of outer medulla (OSOM and ISOM) and cortex (CO), and their diagnosis performance for CI-AKI also been evaluated. Serum creatinine (SCr), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7), tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2), aquaporin-1 (AQP1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and histologic indices were examined.
Results
Compared with controls, urinary concentrations of both TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 were obviously elevated from Day 1 to Day 13 (all p < 0.05). T2 values were significantly higher than control group for Days 1 and 3, and T1 and MK increased were more remarkable at all time points (Days 1–13) in CI-AKI (all p < 0.05) than control group. Changes in T1 and MK strongly correlated with renal injury scores of all anatomical compartments and with expression levels of AQP1 and moderately correlated with α-SMA. Changes in T2 values correlating moderately with renal scores of CO, ISOM and OSOM and AQP1. The MK obtained the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.846 with a sensitivity of 70.8 % and specificity of 88.9 %.
Conclusions
Combined use of multiparametric MRI could be a valid noninvasive method for comprehensive monitoring of CI-AKI. Among these parameters, MK may achieve the best diagnostic performance for CI-AKI.
{"title":"Use of multiparametric MRI to noninvasively assess iodinated contrast-induced acute kidney injury","authors":"Yongfang Wang , Bin Wang , Jiangbo Qin , Haili Yan , Haoyuan Chen , Jinxia Guo , Pu-Yeh Wu , Xiaochun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To gauge the utility of multiparametric MRI in characterizing pathologic changes after iodinated contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We randomly grouped 24 rats injected with 8 g iodine/kg of body weight (<em>n</em> = 6 each) and 6 rats injected with saline as controls. All rats underwent T1, T2 mapping and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) after contrast injection at 0 (control), 1, 3, 7, 13 days. T1, T2, and mean kurtosis (MK) values were performed in renal outer/inner stripes of outer medulla (OSOM and ISOM) and cortex (CO), and their diagnosis performance for CI-AKI also been evaluated. Serum creatinine (SCr), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7), tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2), aquaporin-1 (AQP1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and histologic indices were examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with controls, urinary concentrations of both TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 were obviously elevated from Day 1 to Day 13 (all <em>p</em> < 0.05). T2 values were significantly higher than control group for Days 1 and 3, and T1 and MK increased were more remarkable at all time points (Days 1–13) in CI-AKI (all <em>p</em> < 0.05) than control group. Changes in T1 and MK strongly correlated with renal injury scores of all anatomical compartments and with expression levels of AQP1 and moderately correlated with α-SMA. Changes in T2 values correlating moderately with renal scores of CO, ISOM and OSOM and AQP1. The MK obtained the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.846 with a sensitivity of 70.8 % and specificity of 88.9 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Combined use of multiparametric MRI could be a valid noninvasive method for comprehensive monitoring of CI-AKI. Among these parameters, MK may achieve the best diagnostic performance for CI-AKI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 110248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.110241
Mingyue Song , Yuhao Tao , Hanjun Zhang , Mingzhan Du , Lingchuan Guo , Chunhong Hu , Weiguo Zhang
Objective
To evaluate clinical, pathological and gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI) findings of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in non-cirrhotic livers and compare with HCC in cirrhotic livers.
Methods
This retrospective study included patients with pathologically confirmed HCC who underwent preoperative Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI between January 2015 and October 2021. Propensity scores were utilized to match non-cirrhotic HCCs (NCHCCs) patients with cirrhotic HCCs (CHCCs) patients. The clinical, pathological and MR imaging features of NCHCCs were compared with CHCCs. Correlation between these features and the presence of NCHCCs were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. The predictive efficacy was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to compare performance, and the Delong test was used to compare AUCs.
Results
After propensity score matching (1:3), a total of 144 patients with HCCs (36 NCHCCs and 108 CHCCs) were included. NCHCCs were larger in tumor size than CHCCs (P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.737). NCHCCs were more common in patients who have hepatitis C (5.6 % vs 1.9 %, P > 0.05) or have no known liver disease (11.1 % vs 0.9 %, P = 0.004), while hepatitis B was more common in CHCC patients (83.3 % vs 97.2 %, P = 0.003). Compared with CHCCs, NCHCCs more frequently demonstrated non-smooth tumor margin (P = 0.001, Cramer's V = 0.273), peri-tumoral hyperintensity (P < 0.05, Cramer's V = 0.185), hyperintense and heterogeneous signals in hepatobiliary phase (HBP) (P < 0.05). CHCCs were more likely to have satellite nodules compared to NCHCCs (33.3 % vs 57.4 %, P < 0.05, Cramer's V = 0.209). Based on the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, the tumor size, non-smooth tumor margin, heterogeneous intensity in HBP and satellite nodule were significantly correlated to NCHCCs (P all <0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that tumor size and non-smooth tumor margin were potential imaging predictors for the diagnosis of NCHCC, with AUC values of 0.715 and 0.639, respectively. The combination of the two imaging features for identifying NCHCC achieved an AUC value of 0.761, with a sensitivity of 0.889 and a specificity of 0.630.
Conclusion
NCHCCs were more likely to show larger tumor size, non-smooth tumor margin, peri-tumoral hyperintensity, as well as hyperintense and heterogeneous signals in HBP at Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging compared with NCHCCs. Tumor size and non-smooth tumor margin in HBP may help to discriminate NCHCCs.
目的评估非肝硬化肝细胞癌（HCC）的临床、病理和钆-乙氧基苄基二乙烯三胺五乙酸增强磁共振成像（Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI）结果，并与肝硬化肝细胞癌进行比较：这项回顾性研究纳入了2015年1月至2021年10月期间接受术前Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI检查的病理确诊HCC患者。利用倾向评分将非肝硬化 HCCs（NCHCCs）患者与肝硬化 HCCs（CHCCs）患者进行匹配。比较了非肝硬化性 HCCs 和肝硬化性 HCCs 的临床、病理和磁共振成像特征。采用逻辑回归分析法分析了这些特征与NCHCCs存在之间的相关性。预测效果采用接收器操作特征（ROC）分析法进行评估。接受者操作特征曲线下面积（AUC）用于比较预测效果，Delong 检验用于比较AUC：经过倾向评分匹配（1:3）后，共纳入了144例HCC患者（36例NCHCC和108例CHCC）。NCHCC的肿瘤大小大于CHCC（P 0.05），或没有已知的肝脏疾病（11.1% vs 0.9%，P = 0.004），而乙型肝炎在CHCC患者中更为常见（83.3% vs 97.2%，P = 0.003）。与NCHCCs相比，NCHCCs在Gd-EOB-DTPA增强磁共振成像中更容易出现肿瘤体积增大、肿瘤边缘不平滑、瘤周高密度以及HBP高强化和异质信号。HBP的肿瘤大小和不平滑的肿瘤边缘有助于鉴别NCHCC。
{"title":"Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging features of hepatocellular carcinoma in non-cirrhotic liver","authors":"Mingyue Song , Yuhao Tao , Hanjun Zhang , Mingzhan Du , Lingchuan Guo , Chunhong Hu , Weiguo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate clinical, pathological and gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI) findings of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in non-cirrhotic livers and compare with HCC in cirrhotic livers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included patients with pathologically confirmed HCC who underwent preoperative Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI between January 2015 and October 2021. Propensity scores were utilized to match non-cirrhotic HCCs (NCHCCs) patients with cirrhotic HCCs (CHCCs) patients. The clinical, pathological and MR imaging features of NCHCCs were compared with CHCCs. Correlation between these features and the presence of NCHCCs were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. The predictive efficacy was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to compare performance, and the Delong test was used to compare AUCs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After propensity score matching (1:3), a total of 144 patients with HCCs (36 NCHCCs and 108 CHCCs) were included. NCHCCs were larger in tumor size than CHCCs (<em>P</em> < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.737). NCHCCs were more common in patients who have hepatitis C (5.6 % vs 1.9 %, <em>P</em> > 0.05) or have no known liver disease (11.1 % vs 0.9 %, <em>P</em> = 0.004), while hepatitis B was more common in CHCC patients (83.3 % vs 97.2 %, <em>P</em> = 0.003). Compared with CHCCs, NCHCCs more frequently demonstrated non-smooth tumor margin (<em>P</em> = 0.001, Cramer's V = 0.273), peri-tumoral hyperintensity (<em>P</em> < 0.05, Cramer's V = 0.185), hyperintense and heterogeneous signals in hepatobiliary phase (HBP) (<em>P</em> < 0.05). CHCCs were more likely to have satellite nodules compared to NCHCCs (33.3 % vs 57.4 %, <em>P</em> < 0.05, Cramer's V = 0.209). Based on the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, the tumor size, non-smooth tumor margin, heterogeneous intensity in HBP and satellite nodule were significantly correlated to NCHCCs (<em>P</em> all <0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that tumor size and non-smooth tumor margin were potential imaging predictors for the diagnosis of NCHCC, with AUC values of 0.715 and 0.639, respectively. The combination of the two imaging features for identifying NCHCC achieved an AUC value of 0.761, with a sensitivity of 0.889 and a specificity of 0.630.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>NCHCCs were more likely to show larger tumor size, non-smooth tumor margin, peri-tumoral hyperintensity, as well as hyperintense and heterogeneous signals in HBP at Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging compared with NCHCCs. Tumor size and non-smooth tumor margin in HBP may help to discriminate NCHCCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 110241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to determine the capability of proton density with fat fraction (PD-FFQ) imaging to help assess hematopoietic ability and diagnose aplastic anemia in adults.
Methods
Between January 2021 and March 2023, patients diagnosed with aplastic anemia (AA: n = 14) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS: n = 14) were examined by whole-body PD-FFQ imaging, and 14 of 126 age and gender matched patients who had undergone the same PD-FFQ imaging were selected as control group. All proton density fat fraction (PDFF) index evaluations were then performed by using regions of interest (ROIs). Pearson's correlation was used to determine the relationship between blood test results and each quantitative index, and ROC-based positive test and discrimination analyses to compare capability to differentiate the AA from the non-AA group. Finally, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of all quantitative indexes were compared by means of McNemar's test.
Results
Mean PDFF, standard deviation (SD) and percentage of coefficient of variation (%CV) for vertebrae showed significant correlation with blood test results (−0.52 ≤ r ≤ −0.34, p < 0.05). Specificity (SP) and accuracy (AC) of %CV of PDFF in vertebrae were significantly higher than those of mean PDFF in vertebrae and the posterior superior iliac spine (SP: p = 0.0002, AC: p = 0.0001) and SD of PDFF in vertebrae (SP: p = 0.008, AC: p = 0.008). Moreover, AC of SD of PDFF in vertebrae was significantly higher than that of mean PDFF in vertebrae and the posterior superior iliac spine (p = 0.03).
Conclusion
Whole-body PD-FFQ imaging is useful for hematopoietic ability assessment and diagnosis of aplastic anemia in adults.
目的：本研究旨在确定质子密度与脂肪分数（PD-FFQ）成像在帮助评估成人造血能力和诊断再生障碍性贫血方面的能力：方法：2021年1月至2023年3月期间，对确诊为再生障碍性贫血（AA：n = 14）或骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS：n = 14）的患者进行全身质子密度脂肪分数（PD-FFQ）成像检查，并从126名年龄和性别匹配、接受过相同质子密度脂肪分数（PD-FFQ）成像检查的患者中选取14名作为对照组。然后使用感兴趣区（ROI）对所有质子密度脂肪分数（PDFF）指数进行评估。使用皮尔逊相关性来确定血液检测结果与各项定量指标之间的关系，并使用基于 ROC 的阳性测试和判别分析来比较区分 AA 组和非 AA 组的能力。最后，通过 McNemar 检验比较了所有定量指标的敏感性、特异性和准确性：结果：椎体的 PDFF 平均值、标准偏差（SD）和变异系数百分比（%CV）与血液检测结果有显著相关性（-0.52 ≤ r ≤ -0.34，p 结论：PD-FF-X 光成像技术可用于区分 AA 组和非 AA 组：全身 PD-FFQ 成像可用于成人造血能力评估和再生障碍性贫血的诊断。
{"title":"Proton Density Fat Fraction Quantification (PD-FFQ): Capability for hematopoietic ability assessment and aplastic anemaia diagnosis of adults","authors":"Yoshiharu Ohno , Takahiro Ueda , Masahiko Nomura , Yuichiro Sano , Kaori Yamamoto , Maiko Shinohara , Masato Ikedo , Masao Yui , Akiyoshi Iwase , Hiroyuki Nagata , Takeshi Yoshikawa , Daisuke Takenaka , Akihiro Tomita , Nobuyuki Fujita , Yoshiyuki Ozawa","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2024.110240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to determine the capability of proton density with fat fraction (PD-FFQ) imaging to help assess hematopoietic ability and diagnose aplastic anemia in adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between January 2021 and March 2023, patients diagnosed with aplastic anemia (AA: <em>n</em> = 14) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS: n = 14) were examined by whole-body PD-FFQ imaging, and 14 of 126 age and gender matched patients who had undergone the same PD-FFQ imaging were selected as control group. All proton density fat fraction (PDFF) index evaluations were then performed by using regions of interest (ROIs). Pearson's correlation was used to determine the relationship between blood test results and each quantitative index, and ROC-based positive test and discrimination analyses to compare capability to differentiate the AA from the non-AA group. Finally, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of all quantitative indexes were compared by means of McNemar's test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean PDFF, standard deviation (SD) and percentage of coefficient of variation (%CV) for vertebrae showed significant correlation with blood test results (−0.52 ≤ <em>r</em> ≤ −0.34, <em>p</em> < 0.05). Specificity (SP) and accuracy (AC) of %CV of PDFF in vertebrae were significantly higher than those of mean PDFF in vertebrae and the posterior superior iliac spine (SP: <em>p</em> = 0.0002, AC: <em>p</em> = 0.0001) and SD of PDFF in vertebrae (SP: <em>p</em> = 0.008, AC: p = 0.008). Moreover, AC of SD of PDFF in vertebrae was significantly higher than that of mean PDFF in vertebrae and the posterior superior iliac spine (<em>p</em> = 0.03).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Whole-body PD-FFQ imaging is useful for hematopoietic ability assessment and diagnosis of aplastic anemia in adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 110240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号