Pub Date : 2022-08-13DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248224
Anodar Ratchawet, P. Chaiworn
Barley straw is a lignocellulose agricultural waste material that can be utilized as a raw material for ethanol production since it is easy to find, cheap, and has the potential to produce ethanol yield. This research aims to select the optimum pretreatment conditions to increase fermentable sugar production during enzymatic hydrolysis for bioethanol production. Initially, sulfuric acid at a concentration of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% (v/v) pre-treated barley straw biomass was applied by autoclaving at 121℃ for 15 lb/in2 pressure for 15 min. Furthermore, acid-treated barley straw under the alkaline condition with calcium hydroxide concentrations of 1, 2, 3, and 4% (w/v) was autoclaved at 121℃ for 15 lb/in2 pressure for 15 min. Subsequently, the pretreatment of barley straw in the acetic and alkaline processes was compared. It was found that calcium hydroxide at a concentration of 2% (w/v) gave more sugar concentrations. Finally, combined acid and alkaline pretreatment with 2% of cellulase enzymatic hydrolysis had the highest total sugar concentration of 205.43 g/L and reducing sugar of 134.42 g/L, producing the highest ethanol yield (16.17 g/L) by 24 hours of fermentation.
{"title":"Pretreatment of barley straw with acid and alkaline solutions to boost the efficiency of fermentable yield enzymatic degradation in the separated fermentation technique for ethanol production","authors":"Anodar Ratchawet, P. Chaiworn","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248224","url":null,"abstract":"Barley straw is a lignocellulose agricultural waste material that can be utilized as a raw material for ethanol production since it is easy to find, cheap, and has the potential to produce ethanol yield. This research aims to select the optimum pretreatment conditions to increase fermentable sugar production during enzymatic hydrolysis for bioethanol production. Initially, sulfuric acid at a concentration of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% (v/v) pre-treated barley straw biomass was applied by autoclaving at 121℃ for 15 lb/in2 pressure for 15 min. Furthermore, acid-treated barley straw under the alkaline condition with calcium hydroxide concentrations of 1, 2, 3, and 4% (w/v) was autoclaved at 121℃ for 15 lb/in2 pressure for 15 min. Subsequently, the pretreatment of barley straw in the acetic and alkaline processes was compared. It was found that calcium hydroxide at a concentration of 2% (w/v) gave more sugar concentrations. Finally, combined acid and alkaline pretreatment with 2% of cellulase enzymatic hydrolysis had the highest total sugar concentration of 205.43 g/L and reducing sugar of 134.42 g/L, producing the highest ethanol yield (16.17 g/L) by 24 hours of fermentation.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82848009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-15DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248180
Phuong Thi Vu, Rameshprabu Ramaraj, Prakash Bhuyar, Y. Unpaprom
Anaerobic digestion is recognized as an attractive option for the effective management and treatment of lignocellulosic biomass as well as waste recovery of resources for bioethanol production. Long enough testing has been done on bioethanol production using lignocellulosic biomass. This helps to reduce stress and global energy problems. Global wide has a variety of environmental impacts due to its use of fossil fuels. Bioethanol might be produced in Asian locations from many types of biomasses, including agricultural waste, forest waste, and wood biomass. This would be an environmentally friendly process. Unfortunately, there is very little research into the production of ethanol from rice field weeds. This makes it difficult to develop bioethanol production. This review is aimed at developing bioethanol production and the trend towards organic products that began nowadays. Unwanted weed growth is a major problem in rice cultivation. This review demonstrated the waste-to-energy aspect of the bioethanol production process using two weeds, gooseweed (Sphenoclea Zeylanica), and small-flowered nutsedge (Cyperus difformis).
{"title":"The possibility of aquatic weeds serving as a source of feedstock for bioethanol production: a review","authors":"Phuong Thi Vu, Rameshprabu Ramaraj, Prakash Bhuyar, Y. Unpaprom","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248180","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic digestion is recognized as an attractive option for the effective management and treatment of lignocellulosic biomass as well as waste recovery of resources for bioethanol production. Long enough testing has been done on bioethanol production using lignocellulosic biomass. This helps to reduce stress and global energy problems. Global wide has a variety of environmental impacts due to its use of fossil fuels. Bioethanol might be produced in Asian locations from many types of biomasses, including agricultural waste, forest waste, and wood biomass. This would be an environmentally friendly process. Unfortunately, there is very little research into the production of ethanol from rice field weeds. This makes it difficult to develop bioethanol production. This review is aimed at developing bioethanol production and the trend towards organic products that began nowadays. Unwanted weed growth is a major problem in rice cultivation. This review demonstrated the waste-to-energy aspect of the bioethanol production process using two weeds, gooseweed (Sphenoclea Zeylanica), and small-flowered nutsedge (Cyperus difformis). \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85383101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248123
Velmurugan Kalamani, V. S, Shreya Ramesh, K. M. Moghan Prasad, Raja Selvaraju, M. Samynathan, Vandhana Gangadharan
The green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) from plant extracts is an innovative and considered as an effective method, which has many biological and therapeutic benefits. In this regard, silver nanoparticles were synthesized from leaves of Mangifera indica (Mango) and their properties were characterized. Morphological characterizations such as UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirm the physical characteristics of silver nano-particles. In addition, Mangifera indica phytochemicals possesses DPPH radical scavenging activity, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. The nano formulation (phytochemicals + NPs) is also tested against the Hep G2 human cell line for anticarcinogenic properties. Nano formulation concentrations at 300μg/ml shown anticarcinogenic effect to Hep G2 human cell lines up to 53.29768%. The Bio pesticidal activity of the paddy pest Cicadella viridis (green leaf hopper) was checked through an antifeedant assay and the activity of the pest was decreased with the introduction of nano formulation. These results show better antioxidant, antibacterial and anticarcinogenic properties. Thus, they can be used to replace chemical therapeutic drugs.
以植物提取物为原料绿色合成纳米颗粒是一种创新的、被认为是有效的方法，具有许多生物学和治疗效益。为此，以芒果叶为原料合成了银纳米粒子，并对其性质进行了表征。紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和x射线衍射(XRD)等形态学表征证实了银纳米颗粒的物理特性。此外，芒果植物化学物质还具有清除DPPH自由基、抗氧化和抗菌活性。纳米制剂(植物化学物质+ NPs)也对Hep G2人类细胞系进行了抗癌特性测试。纳米制剂浓度为300μg/ml时，对人Hep G2细胞株的抗癌作用高达53.29768%。通过对水稻害虫绿翅蝉(Cicadella viridis, green leaf hopper)的生物杀虫活性测定，纳米配方的引入降低了该害虫的生物杀虫活性。这些结果显示出较好的抗氧化、抗菌和抗癌性能。因此，它们可以用来取代化学治疗药物。
{"title":"In-vitro antioxidant, the antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic activity of environment friendly nano formulation using Mangifera indica","authors":"Velmurugan Kalamani, V. S, Shreya Ramesh, K. M. Moghan Prasad, Raja Selvaraju, M. Samynathan, Vandhana Gangadharan","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248123","url":null,"abstract":"The green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) from plant extracts is an innovative and considered as an effective method, which has many biological and therapeutic benefits. In this regard, silver nanoparticles were synthesized from leaves of Mangifera indica (Mango) and their properties were characterized. Morphological characterizations such as UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirm the physical characteristics of silver nano-particles. In addition, Mangifera indica phytochemicals possesses DPPH radical scavenging activity, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. The nano formulation (phytochemicals + NPs) is also tested against the Hep G2 human cell line for anticarcinogenic properties. Nano formulation concentrations at 300μg/ml shown anticarcinogenic effect to Hep G2 human cell lines up to 53.29768%. The Bio pesticidal activity of the paddy pest Cicadella viridis (green leaf hopper) was checked through an antifeedant assay and the activity of the pest was decreased with the introduction of nano formulation. These results show better antioxidant, antibacterial and anticarcinogenic properties. Thus, they can be used to replace chemical therapeutic drugs.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77465119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.247735
Noralden Mohamed Bauid, Md. Mizanur Rahman
Power generation in rural areas of the world, whether through renewable energy sources or grid expansion, is critical to increasing the monetary value of life. The cost of extending the national grid or installing off-grid systems is determined by a variety of factors, including the area's location, geography, population, distance from a grid point, and land size. Due to their cost-effectiveness and ease, off-grid rural electrification systems that incorporate a variety of renewable energy sources (RESs) have become unavoidable in areas where grid connectivity is neither available nor feasible. A hybrid combination of renewable energy technologies (RETs) has demonstrated to be a viable alternative to costly grid extension in remote areas throughout the world. The purpose of this study was to plan and assess the techno-economic feasibility of providing electricity to rural Enttelat in Libya using renewable energy sources, considering 70 houses with a combined load of 875 kWh/d. Three significant outcomes were obtained because of the techno-economic design using the HOMMER tool. These three primary outcomes were chosen for their resource availability and cost-effectiveness. When several input parameters such as annual average load, scaled annual average solar resource, wind speed, annual real interest rate, and solar PV and wind component prices were varied, the sensitivity analysis revealed that hybrid system solar PV-wind renewable resource has a high potential, especially if the location is remote from a grid source.
{"title":"Providing electricity access for unelectrified people in remote areas: demonstrated to a case study in Libya","authors":"Noralden Mohamed Bauid, Md. Mizanur Rahman","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.247735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.247735","url":null,"abstract":"Power generation in rural areas of the world, whether through renewable energy sources or grid expansion, is critical to increasing the monetary value of life. The cost of extending the national grid or installing off-grid systems is determined by a variety of factors, including the area's location, geography, population, distance from a grid point, and land size. Due to their cost-effectiveness and ease, off-grid rural electrification systems that incorporate a variety of renewable energy sources (RESs) have become unavoidable in areas where grid connectivity is neither available nor feasible. A hybrid combination of renewable energy technologies (RETs) has demonstrated to be a viable alternative to costly grid extension in remote areas throughout the world. The purpose of this study was to plan and assess the techno-economic feasibility of providing electricity to rural Enttelat in Libya using renewable energy sources, considering 70 houses with a combined load of 875 kWh/d. Three significant outcomes were obtained because of the techno-economic design using the HOMMER tool. These three primary outcomes were chosen for their resource availability and cost-effectiveness. When several input parameters such as annual average load, scaled annual average solar resource, wind speed, annual real interest rate, and solar PV and wind component prices were varied, the sensitivity analysis revealed that hybrid system solar PV-wind renewable resource has a high potential, especially if the location is remote from a grid source.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85209299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248138
Nuttapong Saetang, Sawitree Tipnee
Bioethanol is a viable alternative to petroleum-derived fossil fuels. It is renewable, low-cost, and the preferred fuel for most developing countries worldwide. Although it is possible to make bioethanol from corn stalks and leaves wastes, second-generation biofuels made from agricultural waste feedstocks represent a significant step forward. In the present research, nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles (NPs) were used as a biocatalyst to achieve maximum ethanol output. The pretreatment of 2% NaOH with NiO NPs, 15-min autoclave condition, showed the highest total and reducing sugar yield was 162.69 g/L and 43.75 g/L. After hydrolysis, the suitable total and reducing sugar yield of 185.43 g/L and 125.42 g/L was chosen for further fermentation with the expansion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) using corn stalk and leaf waste was significantly assisted by incorporating a nanocatalyst; ethanol concentration was increased to 15.8 g/L at 24 hours incubation period. The study revealed critical information regarding ways NiO NPs could be employed to improve the efficiency of the ethanol production bioprocess.
{"title":"Influence of nanoparticles inclusion on the production of bioethanol from corn stalks and leaves","authors":"Nuttapong Saetang, Sawitree Tipnee","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.248138","url":null,"abstract":"Bioethanol is a viable alternative to petroleum-derived fossil fuels. It is renewable, low-cost, and the preferred fuel for most developing countries worldwide. Although it is possible to make bioethanol from corn stalks and leaves wastes, second-generation biofuels made from agricultural waste feedstocks represent a significant step forward. In the present research, nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles (NPs) were used as a biocatalyst to achieve maximum ethanol output. The pretreatment of 2% NaOH with NiO NPs, 15-min autoclave condition, showed the highest total and reducing sugar yield was 162.69 g/L and 43.75 g/L. After hydrolysis, the suitable total and reducing sugar yield of 185.43 g/L and 125.42 g/L was chosen for further fermentation with the expansion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) using corn stalk and leaf waste was significantly assisted by incorporating a nanocatalyst; ethanol concentration was increased to 15.8 g/L at 24 hours incubation period. The study revealed critical information regarding ways NiO NPs could be employed to improve the efficiency of the ethanol production bioprocess.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85396910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-04DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.247692
Aditi Sharma, M. D. Sharma, P. Bhuyar, P. Mishra, S. Kulshreshtha
Gentiana kurroo royle is an endangered bitter medicinal plant of the Indian subcontinent. This medicinal plant mainly grows in Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and North-west Himalayas. The medicinal plant's root and rhizome are frequently used by native people for various local remedies. This species has become critically endangered due to its endemic nature and high rate of extraction from its natural environment. In India rhizome and root of this medicinal plant are used as ant periodic, bitter tonics, anti-inflammatory, blood purifier, expectorant, antipsychotic, carminative, and stomachic. Genitiana kurroo can be propagated through micro-filtration of seeds, rhizome cutting, shoot-made segments, and somatic embryogenesis. The roots of Genitiana kurroo are rich in various ingredients such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids which are responsible for analgesic, anticancer, and immune-modular effects. Considering these perspectives the present review has intended to provide updated prospects of Gentiana kurroo and provides insights on the nutritional and various pharmacological properties based on updated research literature. This review explores the use of Gentiana kurroo across disciplines for its wide range of prominent-pharmacological properties.
{"title":"Gentiana kurro’s physiology and pharmacological properties: Recent update and future perspective","authors":"Aditi Sharma, M. D. Sharma, P. Bhuyar, P. Mishra, S. Kulshreshtha","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.247692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.247692","url":null,"abstract":"Gentiana kurroo royle is an endangered bitter medicinal plant of the Indian subcontinent. This medicinal plant mainly grows in Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and North-west Himalayas. The medicinal plant's root and rhizome are frequently used by native people for various local remedies. This species has become critically endangered due to its endemic nature and high rate of extraction from its natural environment. In India rhizome and root of this medicinal plant are used as ant periodic, bitter tonics, anti-inflammatory, blood purifier, expectorant, antipsychotic, carminative, and stomachic. Genitiana kurroo can be propagated through micro-filtration of seeds, rhizome cutting, shoot-made segments, and somatic embryogenesis. The roots of Genitiana kurroo are rich in various ingredients such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids which are responsible for analgesic, anticancer, and immune-modular effects. Considering these perspectives the present review has intended to provide updated prospects of Gentiana kurroo and provides insights on the nutritional and various pharmacological properties based on updated research literature. This review explores the use of Gentiana kurroo across disciplines for its wide range of prominent-pharmacological properties.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91261720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-17DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.247992
Damu Chakala, Sumukh Moudghalya, Mrunal Nerale, Rajendra Prasad, U. Behera, Sathyanarayana Reddy
The demand for cryogenic cooling systems has been on the rise ever since the development of long-range infrared imaging systems, especially high-frequency stirling-type cryocoolers which have a vast array of applications in the aerospace sector. While there have been many studies reporting analysis of the pulse tube cryocoolers, these lack an optimization approach with a further sensitivity analysis from computational fluid dynamic (CFD) data to obtain better cold end temperatures. Presently, a response surface method (RSM), has been utilized to characterize the influence of the affecting parameters and a global sensitivity analysis has been conducted to put forward the critical parameters that influence the performance of the device. It is observed that an increase in frequency for lower pressure ratios with higher mean pressure results in better cooling performance in smaller pulse tube diameter models. The sensitivity analysis indicates the operating parameters such as frequency and pressure ratios to be more influential than the geometric parameters with an impact of over 80%.
{"title":"Optimization and sensitivity analysis of high frequency pulse tube cryocooler for aerospace application","authors":"Damu Chakala, Sumukh Moudghalya, Mrunal Nerale, Rajendra Prasad, U. Behera, Sathyanarayana Reddy","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.247992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v4i2.247992","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for cryogenic cooling systems has been on the rise ever since the development of long-range infrared imaging systems, especially high-frequency stirling-type cryocoolers which have a vast array of applications in the aerospace sector. While there have been many studies reporting analysis of the pulse tube cryocoolers, these lack an optimization approach with a further sensitivity analysis from computational fluid dynamic (CFD) data to obtain better cold end temperatures. Presently, a response surface method (RSM), has been utilized to characterize the influence of the affecting parameters and a global sensitivity analysis has been conducted to put forward the critical parameters that influence the performance of the device. It is observed that an increase in frequency for lower pressure ratios with higher mean pressure results in better cooling performance in smaller pulse tube diameter models. The sensitivity analysis indicates the operating parameters such as frequency and pressure ratios to be more influential than the geometric parameters with an impact of over 80%.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81780972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v4i1.248063
Nuttapong Saetang, Sawitree Tipnee
Anaerobic digestion is a process that may be used to handle food scraps, and it is a method that is both effective and efficient. The biogas that is generated as a byproduct of this process has the potential to be utilized as a renewable source of bioenergy. Anaerobic digestion is a promising option to manage and treat food wastes and recover resources. To determine the efficiency of methane production, batch biochemical methane pot testing was performed. This paper reviews the system stability and efficiency of additives in anaerobic digestion. It is possible to produce biogas at different temperatures (27±2°C, 35±2°C, and 45±2°C). Biogas enhancement is dependent on temperature. The experiments were conducted for a 45-day digestion period. The 35±2°C fermenter produced the highest total biogas yield of 13093.55 ml and the highest methane content of 63.71%. The study was designed to determine the optimal temperature for increasing household levels in future applications.
{"title":"Anaerobic digestion of food waste from fruits and vegetables to improve stability and effectiveness","authors":"Nuttapong Saetang, Sawitree Tipnee","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v4i1.248063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v4i1.248063","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic digestion is a process that may be used to handle food scraps, and it is a method that is both effective and efficient. The biogas that is generated as a byproduct of this process has the potential to be utilized as a renewable source of bioenergy. Anaerobic digestion is a promising option to manage and treat food wastes and recover resources. To determine the efficiency of methane production, batch biochemical methane pot testing was performed. This paper reviews the system stability and efficiency of additives in anaerobic digestion. It is possible to produce biogas at different temperatures (27±2°C, 35±2°C, and 45±2°C). Biogas enhancement is dependent on temperature. The experiments were conducted for a 45-day digestion period. The 35±2°C fermenter produced the highest total biogas yield of 13093.55 ml and the highest methane content of 63.71%. The study was designed to determine the optimal temperature for increasing household levels in future applications.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85290500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioremediation is a promising technique that can be used to decrease the environmental discharge of Heavy Metal (HM) such as copper, and zinc. Although studies have addressed the cytotoxic effects of HMs, however, the effect of HMs on the geometry of bacterial species such as Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) remains unknown. Quantitative analysis of parameters such as cell perimeter, cell count, and cell distribution shall greatly improve the efficiency of environmental monitoring. Therefore, this study demonstrates the use of an open-source image analysis tool (ImageJ/Fiji) to quantify the aforementioned parameters to analyze the extent of damage caused by lethal concentration of > 2 mg/L of Cu2+ and > 6 mg/L of Zn2+ which disintegrates S. platensis cells into smaller fragments and subsequently affects their structural parameters in perimeter and cell distribution. In summary, this article demonstrates the use of an image analysis platform to quantify the geometric parameters of microbes for environmental monitoring.
{"title":"Image analysis reveals cellular fragmentation of Spirulina platensis upon treatment with heavy metal ions","authors":"Lekha Kaushik, Dinakari Sarangan, Deenadayalan Karaiyagowder Govindarajan, Sowmiya Muthumanickam, M. Sivaramakrishnan, Ram Kothandan, Suganthy Masanamani, Saraswathy Nachimuthu, H. Mamane, Kumaravel Kandaswamy","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v4i1.247678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v4i1.247678","url":null,"abstract":"Bioremediation is a promising technique that can be used to decrease the environmental discharge of Heavy Metal (HM) such as copper, and zinc. Although studies have addressed the cytotoxic effects of HMs, however, the effect of HMs on the geometry of bacterial species such as Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) remains unknown. Quantitative analysis of parameters such as cell perimeter, cell count, and cell distribution shall greatly improve the efficiency of environmental monitoring. Therefore, this study demonstrates the use of an open-source image analysis tool (ImageJ/Fiji) to quantify the aforementioned parameters to analyze the extent of damage caused by lethal concentration of > 2 mg/L of Cu2+ and > 6 mg/L of Zn2+ which disintegrates S. platensis cells into smaller fragments and subsequently affects their structural parameters in perimeter and cell distribution. In summary, this article demonstrates the use of an image analysis platform to quantify the geometric parameters of microbes for environmental monitoring.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73274726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-10DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v4i1.246121
Thanapat Sakdasukon, S. Thanachasai
In this study, the ripe pericarp extracts of Wodyetia bifurcata were prepared by solvent extraction techniques with and without agitation. The influence of agitation was examined on the extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of the ripe pericarp extracts of Wodyetia bifurcata. Antioxidant capacity of extracts was evaluated by measuring the scavenging effect on 2, 2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. Compared to solvent extraction without agitation, solvent extraction with agitation significantly (p < 0.05) increased the extraction yield, TPC, TFC and antioxidant capacities (ABTS and DPPH) of the ripe pericarp extracts of Wodyetia bifurcata. In addition, higher agitation speed resulted in higher extraction yield, TPC, TFC and antioxidant activities (ABTS and DPPH) of the ripe pericarp extracts of Wodyetia bifurcata.
{"title":"Effect of agitation on extraction of phenolic compounds from ripe pericarp of Wodyetia bifurcata","authors":"Thanapat Sakdasukon, S. Thanachasai","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v4i1.246121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v4i1.246121","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the ripe pericarp extracts of Wodyetia bifurcata were prepared by solvent extraction techniques with and without agitation. The influence of agitation was examined on the extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of the ripe pericarp extracts of Wodyetia bifurcata. Antioxidant capacity of extracts was evaluated by measuring the scavenging effect on 2, 2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. Compared to solvent extraction without agitation, solvent extraction with agitation significantly (p < 0.05) increased the extraction yield, TPC, TFC and antioxidant capacities (ABTS and DPPH) of the ripe pericarp extracts of Wodyetia bifurcata. In addition, higher agitation speed resulted in higher extraction yield, TPC, TFC and antioxidant activities (ABTS and DPPH) of the ripe pericarp extracts of Wodyetia bifurcata.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89623516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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