Pub Date : 2020-10-07DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.245036
Karthiani Kanagesan, Karthick Murugan Palanisamy, Gaanty Pragas Maniam, Mohd Hasbi Ab. Rahim, Natanamurugaraj Govindan
A marine microalga, Nannochloropsis sp., was discovered in a water body in Teluk Cempedak, Kuantan, Pahang. In Nannochloropsis sp., for biomass and lipid synthesis, POME was used as a substitute medium. The isolated monoculture was grown in various concentrations of POME (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%), as well as a standard control medium. Nannochloropsis sp. showed greater cell growth at 10% POME, with a maximum dry biomass of 1.504 g L-1 and extracted 35.9% lipid after 14 days of flask cultivation. Fatty acids namely oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid were shown to be prominent in GC-MS analysis. The fatty acid oleic acid has been discovered to be the most abundant (73.40%). POME has the prospective to be used as a growth media for the cultivation of microalgae Nannochloropsis sp.
在彭杭州关丹省的铁鹿山佩扎一水体中发现了一种海洋微藻——纳米绿藻。在Nannochloropsis sp.中，POME被用作生物质和脂质合成的替代培养基。在不同浓度的POME(5%， 10%， 15%和20%)以及标准对照培养基中培养分离的单株。在10% POME条件下，纳米叶绿体的细胞生长速度更快，干燥生物量最大达1.504 g L-1，培养14天后，其脂质提取率为35.9%。脂肪酸即油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸在GC-MS分析中被证明是突出的。其中脂肪酸油酸含量最高(73.40%)。POME是一种极具发展前景的微藻生长培养基。
{"title":"Biodiesel production by microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. grown in palm oil mill effluent","authors":"Karthiani Kanagesan, Karthick Murugan Palanisamy, Gaanty Pragas Maniam, Mohd Hasbi Ab. Rahim, Natanamurugaraj Govindan","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.245036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.245036","url":null,"abstract":"A marine microalga, Nannochloropsis sp., was discovered in a water body in Teluk Cempedak, Kuantan, Pahang. In Nannochloropsis sp., for biomass and lipid synthesis, POME was used as a substitute medium. The isolated monoculture was grown in various concentrations of POME (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%), as well as a standard control medium. Nannochloropsis sp. showed greater cell growth at 10% POME, with a maximum dry biomass of 1.504 g L-1 and extracted 35.9% lipid after 14 days of flask cultivation. Fatty acids namely oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid were shown to be prominent in GC-MS analysis. The fatty acid oleic acid has been discovered to be the most abundant (73.40%). POME has the prospective to be used as a growth media for the cultivation of microalgae Nannochloropsis sp.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83384866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-16DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.245035
Abdulkarim Abdulrahman Mohamed Suliman, Ruzinah Isha, Mazrul Nizam Abu Seman, Abdul Latif Ahmad
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been used in various applications such as air purification, water purification, and photoelectrochemical conversion systems. However, developing advanced materials with enhanced performance for catalytic applications, especially water treatment, is highly required. This work aims to study the effect of (TiO2) photocatalyst in pretreatment seawater desalination. The catalyst with a mass ratio of TiO2: palm oil fibre ash (POFA) at 0:100, 40:60, 60:40, and 100:0 was synthesized via wet impregnation. The catalyst was calcined at 500 ℃ for four hours. The mixture of artificial seawater and catalyst at a mass ratio of photocatalyst: artificial seawater at 1:300 was put in a one-litre borosilicate photo-reactor fixed with mercury light of 350 nm for two hours with stirring at 1000 rpm. In this investigation, an evaporator was used to collect the freshwater. The fresh and spent catalysts were characterized via X-Ray Diffractogram (XRD), Nitrogen physisorption analysis, Diffuse Reflectance Spectrometer (DRS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The catalyst with Ti: palm oil fibre ash (POFA) at 40:60 and 60:40 can reduce the COD at 45 % and 41%, respectively. As more OPFA was added into the hybrid TiO2 catalyst, there has been a change in the properties of seawater due to the use of special evaporators, especially EC and TDS. It can be deduced that the hybrid TiO2 photocatalyst synthesized with OPFA has vast potential to treat seawater.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of TiO2 and palm oil fiber ash hybrid photocatalysts for seawater pretreatment","authors":"Abdulkarim Abdulrahman Mohamed Suliman, Ruzinah Isha, Mazrul Nizam Abu Seman, Abdul Latif Ahmad","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.245035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.245035","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been used in various applications such as air purification, water purification, and photoelectrochemical conversion systems. However, developing advanced materials with enhanced performance for catalytic applications, especially water treatment, is highly required. This work aims to study the effect of (TiO2) photocatalyst in pretreatment seawater desalination. The catalyst with a mass ratio of TiO2: palm oil fibre ash (POFA) at 0:100, 40:60, 60:40, and 100:0 was synthesized via wet impregnation. The catalyst was calcined at 500 ℃ for four hours. The mixture of artificial seawater and catalyst at a mass ratio of photocatalyst: artificial seawater at 1:300 was put in a one-litre borosilicate photo-reactor fixed with mercury light of 350 nm for two hours with stirring at 1000 rpm. In this investigation, an evaporator was used to collect the freshwater. The fresh and spent catalysts were characterized via X-Ray Diffractogram (XRD), Nitrogen physisorption analysis, Diffuse Reflectance Spectrometer (DRS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The catalyst with Ti: palm oil fibre ash (POFA) at 40:60 and 60:40 can reduce the COD at 45 % and 41%, respectively. As more OPFA was added into the hybrid TiO2 catalyst, there has been a change in the properties of seawater due to the use of special evaporators, especially EC and TDS. It can be deduced that the hybrid TiO2 photocatalyst synthesized with OPFA has vast potential to treat seawater.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81877911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-28DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.244961
Ching-Hua Liao, Jer-Yuan Shiu, Chi-En Hung, Chih-Hung Wu, Ming-Zhong Liu
Heavy metal pollution generating from industries is a serious issue in China as it causes severe environmental pollution and health problems. Chromium is one of the common heavy metal appeared in wastewater of metal plating and processing industries and has to reduce its concentration to permissible levels before discharge by law. This study focused on removing chromium ion present in wastewater by using bioresource material loquat leaves as an adsorbent. The extent of adsorption of chromium ion was studied and found to be dependent on solution contact time with the adsorbent, particle size and dosage of the loquat leaves and chromium concentration. The result showed that the loquat leaves have a 70% efficiency in removing chromium ions. The experimental equilibrium biosorption data were analyzed by two widely used isotherms namely Langmuir, and Freundlich. The Langmuir isotherm model better fits the experimental data than the Freundlich isotherm model by high correlation coefficients R2. The maximum monolayer capacity of loquat leaves was found to be 0.0201 mg/g for Chromium ions.
{"title":"Treatment of Chromium in Wastewater by using Loquat Leaves as Biosorbent","authors":"Ching-Hua Liao, Jer-Yuan Shiu, Chi-En Hung, Chih-Hung Wu, Ming-Zhong Liu","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.244961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.244961","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metal pollution generating from industries is a serious issue in China as it causes severe environmental pollution and health problems. Chromium is one of the common heavy metal appeared in wastewater of metal plating and processing industries and has to reduce its concentration to permissible levels before discharge by law. This study focused on removing chromium ion present in wastewater by using bioresource material loquat leaves as an adsorbent. The extent of adsorption of chromium ion was studied and found to be dependent on solution contact time with the adsorbent, particle size and dosage of the loquat leaves and chromium concentration. The result showed that the loquat leaves have a 70% efficiency in removing chromium ions. The experimental equilibrium biosorption data were analyzed by two widely used isotherms namely Langmuir, and Freundlich. The Langmuir isotherm model better fits the experimental data than the Freundlich isotherm model by high correlation coefficients R2. The maximum monolayer capacity of loquat leaves was found to be 0.0201 mg/g for Chromium ions.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81158194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two types of edible fruit coating and an active packaging were tested for their effect during 15 days of storage at atmosphere condition (24-25oC) with 60-70 % RH. One coating was alginate-based, while the other hand had palm oil-based as the main ingredient. These two coatings exhibit weight loss reduction and appearance change compared to uncoated, but only the palm-based coating delay ripening can extend 10 days of shelf life during storage. On the other side, Active packaging can effectively delay ripening during 15 days of storage. Moreover, these results show that active packaging might be a viable alternative to extend mango's shelf life because it can maintain weight loss below 3% during storage at atmospheric conditions.
{"title":"Application of edible coating and active packaging to extend shelf life of mango under atmosphere temperature","authors":"Heryoki Yohanes, Chen-Yeon Chu, Hardaning Pranamuda, Mei-Feng Lai, Harianto, Wiwik Handayani","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.244960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.244960","url":null,"abstract":"Two types of edible fruit coating and an active packaging were tested for their effect during 15 days of storage at atmosphere condition (24-25oC) with 60-70 % RH. One coating was alginate-based, while the other hand had palm oil-based as the main ingredient. These two coatings exhibit weight loss reduction and appearance change compared to uncoated, but only the palm-based coating delay ripening can extend 10 days of shelf life during storage. On the other side, Active packaging can effectively delay ripening during 15 days of storage. Moreover, these results show that active packaging might be a viable alternative to extend mango's shelf life because it can maintain weight loss below 3% during storage at atmospheric conditions.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88371124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-10DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245032
Mohamed Saad Bala, Kan Weng Chin, Basma Yahya Alashwal, Arun Gupta
Wound healing spray was developed from keratin protein extracted from a chicken feather in the study. Keratin is the most abundant protein in epithelial cells. Keratin was proven for wound healing ability because it can activate the keratinocyte in the skin responsible for wound healing. However, keratin wound healing spray is new to the market and has the potential to heal the wound gentle and pain-free. This study synthesized the keratin wound healing spray from chicken feathers and determined the character of the keratin wound healing spray. Keratin protein was extracted from chicken feathers. The extracted keratin solution was concentrated to the desired concentration by a rotary evaporator. The wound healing spray was synthesized by mixing the desired antimicrobial agent with keratin solutions like manuka honey, Garcinia Mangostana L., caprylyl glycol, ethylhexylglycerin and propylene glycol at a concentration of 13.0 w/w%, 0.5 w/w%, 1.0 w/w%, 2.0 w/w% and 2.0 w/w%, respectively, and the characteristic was determined. The result has shown that the keratin protein is maintained in the wound healing spray after mixing with an antimicrobial agent according to the formulation from the FTIR result. The wound healing spray does not contain heavy metals like cadmium and lead. Still, copper, iron and zinc were present within the maximum daily level of vitamins and minerals for adults allowed in health supplements by the National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Division of Malaysia. The pH of the keratin wound healing spray was maintained at a pH of around 5.5. The density and the viscosity of the keratin wound healing spray were higher than the deionized water. In conclusion, the Keratin wound healing spray was synthesized, and it is safe for the consumer. The wound healing ability of the keratin wound healing spray needs to carry out the in vivo clinical test for future study.
{"title":"Development of wound healing spray from keratin protein","authors":"Mohamed Saad Bala, Kan Weng Chin, Basma Yahya Alashwal, Arun Gupta","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245032","url":null,"abstract":"Wound healing spray was developed from keratin protein extracted from a chicken feather in the study. Keratin is the most abundant protein in epithelial cells. Keratin was proven for wound healing ability because it can activate the keratinocyte in the skin responsible for wound healing. However, keratin wound healing spray is new to the market and has the potential to heal the wound gentle and pain-free. This study synthesized the keratin wound healing spray from chicken feathers and determined the character of the keratin wound healing spray. Keratin protein was extracted from chicken feathers. The extracted keratin solution was concentrated to the desired concentration by a rotary evaporator. The wound healing spray was synthesized by mixing the desired antimicrobial agent with keratin solutions like manuka honey, Garcinia Mangostana L., caprylyl glycol, ethylhexylglycerin and propylene glycol at a concentration of 13.0 w/w%, 0.5 w/w%, 1.0 w/w%, 2.0 w/w% and 2.0 w/w%, respectively, and the characteristic was determined. The result has shown that the keratin protein is maintained in the wound healing spray after mixing with an antimicrobial agent according to the formulation from the FTIR result. The wound healing spray does not contain heavy metals like cadmium and lead. Still, copper, iron and zinc were present within the maximum daily level of vitamins and minerals for adults allowed in health supplements by the National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Division of Malaysia. The pH of the keratin wound healing spray was maintained at a pH of around 5.5. The density and the viscosity of the keratin wound healing spray were higher than the deionized water. In conclusion, the Keratin wound healing spray was synthesized, and it is safe for the consumer. The wound healing ability of the keratin wound healing spray needs to carry out the in vivo clinical test for future study.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91525655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245031
M. Anil Kumar, B. Chitra Lekha
Mechanization is one of the moving subjects encompassing the assembling business in the 21st century. In addition to the fact that it helps producers stay aware of developing worldwide interest, it sets out new positions open doors just as help makers progress into the 21st century. This project requires the Arduino Uno, engine driver, and Bluetooth module. The Arduino Uno is an open-source prototyping platform with simple hardware and programming. The ATmega328 microcontroller is used in the Arduino Uno. Advanced mechanics has become increasingly important in our daily lives and the design sector, and it plays an essential role in the advancement of new technology. Arduino has replaced the traditional micro regulator, and IR sensors have been replaced by a Bluetooth module in this uncomplicated and primary type of controlling the vehicle. Any android or iOS cell can be used as the faraway. With the headway of innovation, robots are standing out enough to be noticed by scientists to make the life of humanity agreeable. Here we examine the plan of the model of Automatic Classroom cleaning Robot. The robot works self-inside a restricted space (for this situation, study hall) and require human mediation to move it from one class to the next. By utilizing fog-making measures, it cleans the encompassing. The robot is intended to supplant human endeavors with mechanization and can be a revolutionary innovation whenever made reasonable.
{"title":"Design and fabrication of automatic classroom cleaning robot","authors":"M. Anil Kumar, B. Chitra Lekha","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245031","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanization is one of the moving subjects encompassing the assembling business in the 21st century. In addition to the fact that it helps producers stay aware of developing worldwide interest, it sets out new positions open doors just as help makers progress into the 21st century. This project requires the Arduino Uno, engine driver, and Bluetooth module. The Arduino Uno is an open-source prototyping platform with simple hardware and programming. The ATmega328 microcontroller is used in the Arduino Uno. Advanced mechanics has become increasingly important in our daily lives and the design sector, and it plays an essential role in the advancement of new technology. Arduino has replaced the traditional micro regulator, and IR sensors have been replaced by a Bluetooth module in this uncomplicated and primary type of controlling the vehicle. Any android or iOS cell can be used as the faraway. With the headway of innovation, robots are standing out enough to be noticed by scientists to make the life of humanity agreeable. Here we examine the plan of the model of Automatic Classroom cleaning Robot. The robot works self-inside a restricted space (for this situation, study hall) and require human mediation to move it from one class to the next. By utilizing fog-making measures, it cleans the encompassing. The robot is intended to supplant human endeavors with mechanization and can be a revolutionary innovation whenever made reasonable.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82145874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electronic parts are an important part in the modern manufacturing industry. The purpose of this study was to enhance the quality of cutting tools in electronic parts manufacturing process by utilizing statistical methods. Through these approaches, it was found that the cost of precision boring blade (S2F0409R05F35R10PTD) was significantly decrease from 457 THB to 315 THB, this research can maintain the process capability value (Cpk) at the customer satisfaction level (rather than 1.5) and reduce production cost from 2,104,739 THB per year to 1,598,857 THB per year (5 months payback period). The proposed statistical methods approaches could also be applied to other electronic parts manufacturing industries worldwide.
{"title":"Cutting tool quality improvement: a case study of electronic parts manufacturer","authors":"Thanatorn Chuenyindee, Piyaphong Yongphet, Phongchayont Srisuwan","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245030","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic parts are an important part in the modern manufacturing industry. The purpose of this study was to enhance the quality of cutting tools in electronic parts manufacturing process by utilizing statistical methods. Through these approaches, it was found that the cost of precision boring blade (S2F0409R05F35R10PTD) was significantly decrease from 457 THB to 315 THB, this research can maintain the process capability value (Cpk) at the customer satisfaction level (rather than 1.5) and reduce production cost from 2,104,739 THB per year to 1,598,857 THB per year (5 months payback period). The proposed statistical methods approaches could also be applied to other electronic parts manufacturing industries worldwide.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89007520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-28DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245029
Prince Junior Asilevi, Chengwu Yi, Jue Li, Huijuan Wang, Muhammad Imran Nawaz
Atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from industry and automobiles are posing a serious threat to the environment and human health, and hence efficient control methods are indispensable. This paper presents a laboratory-scale study on the decomposition mechanism for benzene using strong ionization dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) at atmospheric pressure. The specific input energy (SIE), current density, and concentration were studied. The results show that the removal efficiency of benzene increased from 12% to 69% with the increase of SIE from 0.5 to 3.8 kJ/L. The decline in current density by 66.48% and 43.7% for an initial benzene concentration of 300 ppm, was due to increased oxygen content (from 2.4% to 20.9%) and relative humidity (from 18.9% to 90%), respectively, thus electron concentration and consequentially enhancing the removal efficiency over 93%. Further, the beta parameter of the VOC decomposition law decreased from 3.1 kJ/L at 300 ppm to 1.6 kJ/L at 100 ppm. This shows that •O and •OH radicals are key species for the decomposition of benzene and electron dissociation reactions principally control the process. The highest ozone concentration was detected at 5.5 mg/L when no benzene is present, while the main NOx species (NO and NO2) increased with increasing SIE. The Maxwell–Boltzmann electron energy distribution function was solved using the strong ionization discharge reactor (~10 eV), showing that approximately 84.8 % of high-energy electrons possess enough energy to cause the benzene ring cleavage and free radical production. Finally, GCMS and FTIR test results suggested that the byproducts mainly consisted of phenol and substitutions of phenol. The study results show that the strong ionization DBD reactor efficiently removes benzene from polluted air.
{"title":"Decomposition of gas phase benzene under different conditions in atmospheric strong ionization non–thermal plasma","authors":"Prince Junior Asilevi, Chengwu Yi, Jue Li, Huijuan Wang, Muhammad Imran Nawaz","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245029","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from industry and automobiles are posing a serious threat to the environment and human health, and hence efficient control methods are indispensable. This paper presents a laboratory-scale study on the decomposition mechanism for benzene using strong ionization dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) at atmospheric pressure. The specific input energy (SIE), current density, and concentration were studied. The results show that the removal efficiency of benzene increased from 12% to 69% with the increase of SIE from 0.5 to 3.8 kJ/L. The decline in current density by 66.48% and 43.7% for an initial benzene concentration of 300 ppm, was due to increased oxygen content (from 2.4% to 20.9%) and relative humidity (from 18.9% to 90%), respectively, thus electron concentration and consequentially enhancing the removal efficiency over 93%. Further, the beta parameter of the VOC decomposition law decreased from 3.1 kJ/L at 300 ppm to 1.6 kJ/L at 100 ppm. This shows that •O and •OH radicals are key species for the decomposition of benzene and electron dissociation reactions principally control the process. The highest ozone concentration was detected at 5.5 mg/L when no benzene is present, while the main NOx species (NO and NO2) increased with increasing SIE. The Maxwell–Boltzmann electron energy distribution function was solved using the strong ionization discharge reactor (~10 eV), showing that approximately 84.8 % of high-energy electrons possess enough energy to cause the benzene ring cleavage and free radical production. Finally, GCMS and FTIR test results suggested that the byproducts mainly consisted of phenol and substitutions of phenol. The study results show that the strong ionization DBD reactor efficiently removes benzene from polluted air.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90548472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245027
N. H. Abdurahman, H. A. Magdib
The purpose of this research is to look into the formulation and evaluation of concentrated water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions stabilized by UMP NS-19-02 surfactant and their application for crude oil emulsion stabilization using gummy Malaysian crude oil. A two-petroleum oil from Malaysia oil refinery, i.e., Tapis petroleum oil and Tapis- Mesilla blend, were utilized to make water-in-oil emulsions. The various factors influencing emulsion characteristics and stability were evaluated. It was discovered that the stability of the water-in-oil emulsion improved by UMP NS-19-02 improved as the surfactant content rises, resulting in the decline of the crude oil-water interfacial tension (IFT). Nevertheless, the most optimum formulation of W/O emulsion was a 50:50 W/O ratio with 1.0% surfactant. Additionally, raising the oil content, salt concentration, duration and mixing speed, and pH of the emulsion resulted in higher emulsion stability. It also raised the temperature of the initial mixing, which significantly decreased the formulated emulsions' viscosity. The results showed that stable emulsions could be formed using the UMP NS-19-02 surfactant.
{"title":"Surfactant (UMP) for emulsification and stabilization of water-in-crude oil emulsions (W/O)","authors":"N. H. Abdurahman, H. A. Magdib","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245027","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to look into the formulation and evaluation of concentrated water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions stabilized by UMP NS-19-02 surfactant and their application for crude oil emulsion stabilization using gummy Malaysian crude oil. A two-petroleum oil from Malaysia oil refinery, i.e., Tapis petroleum oil and Tapis- Mesilla blend, were utilized to make water-in-oil emulsions. The various factors influencing emulsion characteristics and stability were evaluated. It was discovered that the stability of the water-in-oil emulsion improved by UMP NS-19-02 improved as the surfactant content rises, resulting in the decline of the crude oil-water interfacial tension (IFT). Nevertheless, the most optimum formulation of W/O emulsion was a 50:50 W/O ratio with 1.0% surfactant. Additionally, raising the oil content, salt concentration, duration and mixing speed, and pH of the emulsion resulted in higher emulsion stability. It also raised the temperature of the initial mixing, which significantly decreased the formulated emulsions' viscosity. The results showed that stable emulsions could be formed using the UMP NS-19-02 surfactant.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73380702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cost of fish feed is a significant constraint to freshwater fish farming in Asia. In the aquaculture value chain, feed is a responsible factor and accounts for nearly 75% of the total cost of fish production in many countries. Therefore, this study attempts to focus the feasibility of using pig manure fermentation to formulate feed pellets to culture the tilapia fish in the cement pond, along with the cultured using ready-made feed containing the residue from the manure fermentation at different ratios. Accordingly, the experimental studies were approached by two types of experiments, namely, experiment 1 (focused on the nutrients in pig manure collected from an anaerobic system farm), and experiment 2 (studied the appropriate level of pig manure to be used as a raw material for fish feeding). The five months’ fermentation of pig manure contains 17.09% protein, which is the highest amount of nutrition source. Digestate manure was estimated; other primary macronutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, were 2.73, 0.55 and 1.22 %, respectively. Also, a considerable amount of essential micronutrients, for example, copper, manganese and zinc, were found in the digestate. Nile tilapia were grown at the cement ponds for 120 days. The maximum verified dry matter and protein digestibility in tilapia were attained for diets containing 10 % percent pig manure at 89.28 ± 4.09 and 56.64 ± 1.43 (p> 0.05), respectively. In this study experimental results indicated that fish meal consisting of 15% manure was found to be the most acceptable substitute source of protein for tilapia production. This implies that the cost of fish meal production using fermented pig manure can be significantly lowered, gain higher profit and provide significant economic benefits to farmers.
{"title":"Replacement of fish meal using pig manure as protein source for Nile tilapia culture","authors":"Buncha Tongmee, Niwooti Whangchai, Sudaporn Tongsiri, Yuwalee Unpaprom","doi":"10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.244959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.244959","url":null,"abstract":"The cost of fish feed is a significant constraint to freshwater fish farming in Asia. In the aquaculture value chain, feed is a responsible factor and accounts for nearly 75% of the total cost of fish production in many countries. Therefore, this study attempts to focus the feasibility of using pig manure fermentation to formulate feed pellets to culture the tilapia fish in the cement pond, along with the cultured using ready-made feed containing the residue from the manure fermentation at different ratios. Accordingly, the experimental studies were approached by two types of experiments, namely, experiment 1 (focused on the nutrients in pig manure collected from an anaerobic system farm), and experiment 2 (studied the appropriate level of pig manure to be used as a raw material for fish feeding). The five months’ fermentation of pig manure contains 17.09% protein, which is the highest amount of nutrition source. Digestate manure was estimated; other primary macronutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, were 2.73, 0.55 and 1.22 %, respectively. Also, a considerable amount of essential micronutrients, for example, copper, manganese and zinc, were found in the digestate. Nile tilapia were grown at the cement ponds for 120 days. The maximum verified dry matter and protein digestibility in tilapia were attained for diets containing 10 % percent pig manure at 89.28 ± 4.09 and 56.64 ± 1.43 (p> 0.05), respectively. In this study experimental results indicated that fish meal consisting of 15% manure was found to be the most acceptable substitute source of protein for tilapia production. This implies that the cost of fish meal production using fermented pig manure can be significantly lowered, gain higher profit and provide significant economic benefits to farmers.","PeriodicalId":18176,"journal":{"name":"Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84590246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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