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EFFECT OF A MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF A 22MnB5-CP780 WELDED JOINT 磁场对22MnB5-CP780焊接接头组织和性能的影响
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.17222/mit.2023.858
Xiaoou Zhu, Zhanqi Liu, Nan Li
A steady-state magnetic field-assisted laser welding test of 1-mm-thick automotive 22MnB5 and CP780 high-strength steel plates was carried out using a low-power fiber laser. The effects of different magnetic induction intensities on the microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints were investigated under a heat input of 150 J/mm. When no magnetic field was applied, there was splashing on the welded joint surface, the width was wide and the main solid-state phase transitions in the weld center included ferrite transformation and bainite transformation. The application of a magnetic field resulted in an acceleration of the cooling rate of the molten pool due to the thermoelectric magnetic force. This, in turn, led to the predominance of the bainite transformation and martensite transformation as the primary solid-state phase transitions in the weld center. In a range of 5–25 mT, the welded joints were narrow, symmetrical, well-formed and free of defects such as splashing. The experiment proved that as the magnetic induction intensity increased, the laser energy became more concentrated. This led to an increase in the average hardness at the center of the weld, a gradual reduction of the softening in the heat-affected zone and an increase in both the yield strength and elongation of the welded joint. The optimal comprehensive mechanical properties of the welded joints were observed when B = 25 mT.
采用低功率光纤激光器对1 mm厚22MnB5和CP780高强度钢板进行了稳态磁场辅助激光焊接试验。在150 J/mm的热输入条件下,研究了不同磁感应强度对焊接接头组织和力学性能的影响。无磁场作用时,焊缝表面有飞溅,宽度较宽,焊缝中心主要发生铁素体相变和贝氏体相变。由于热电磁力的作用,磁场的施加使熔池的冷却速度加快。这又导致焊缝中心以贝氏体相变和马氏体相变为主。在5 - 25mt范围内,焊接接头窄、对称、形状良好,无飞溅等缺陷。实验证明,随着磁感应强度的增大,激光能量更加集中。这导致焊缝中心的平均硬度增加,热影响区的软化逐渐减少,焊接接头的屈服强度和伸长率都有所增加。当B = 25 mT时,焊接接头的综合力学性能最佳。
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引用次数: 0
INFLUENCE OF THE BUILD AXIS AND ANGLE ON THE PROPERTIES OF 3D PRINTED PLA 构建轴和角度对3d打印PLA性能的影响
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.17222/mit.2023.900
None Anand Ronald B, Mohammed Riaz Khan K. N., Kishore G., Lokesh V., Mullaivananathan R. K.
Additive manufacturing is one of the sought-after methods for on-demand printing of customized parts. Although it has several advantages, namely design complexity, topologically optimized parts, tool-less and inventory-less manufacturing, etc., it also has challenges in terms of print parameter-dependent mechanical properties. The present paper studies the influence of the build orientation and angle on the tensile and flexural properties of fused-deposition-modelling (FDM) printed polylactic acid (PLA) samples. The samples are printed in different orientations including 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90° with respect to the X- and Y-axis. From the tensile and flexural studies, we can infer that the orientation of the print plays a significant role, influencing the tensile and flexural properties. The X-axis build orientation and 75° build angle are preferred owing to better tensile and flexural properties compared to the other angles and Y-orientation.
增材制造是按需打印定制零件的热门方法之一。虽然它有几个优点,即设计复杂性,拓扑优化零件,无工具和无库存制造等,但在打印参数依赖的机械性能方面也存在挑战。本文研究了构建方向和角度对熔融沉积建模(FDM)打印聚乳酸(PLA)样品拉伸和弯曲性能的影响。样品以不同的方向印刷,包括0°,15°,30°,45°,60°,75°和90°相对于X轴和y轴。从拉伸和弯曲研究中,我们可以推断出打印方向对拉伸和弯曲性能有重要影响。与其他角度和y方向相比,x轴构建方向和75°构建角度具有更好的拉伸和弯曲性能,因此首选。
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引用次数: 0
INFLUENCE OF GRAPHENE NANOPLATELETS ON MECHANICAL AND THERMO-MECHANICAL PROPRTIES OF GLASS/EPOXY COMPOSITES 石墨烯纳米片对玻璃/环氧复合材料力学和热力学性能的影响
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.17222/mit.2023.753
Shabberhussain Shaik, Velmurugan R
The current work focuses on the influence of graphene nanoplatelets (GPs) on the mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of unidirectional glass/epoxy (GE) composites. GE and GP-GE composites are fabricated using the hand lay-up method followed by compression molding. Different percentages of GPs used in the fabrication of GP-GE composites are (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7) w/% by weight of the epoxy. Tests are conducted to experimentally evaluate the uniaxial compressive properties and the coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE) in the direction of fibers. Tests are also conducted to study the thermo-mechanical properties such as storage modulus (E’) and loss modulus (E’’). The variation in the storage modulus and loss modulus is measured from 15 °C to 125 °C, using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) while the CLTE is measured using a dialatometer. The results indicate that the compressive as well as thermo-mechanical properties increase with the addition of GPs up to 0.5 % and then they decrease. The addition of GPs has no effect on the CLTE of the GE composites in the fiber direction.
目前的研究重点是石墨烯纳米片(GPs)对单向玻璃/环氧树脂(GE)复合材料力学和热力学性能的影响。GE和GP-GE复合材料的制备采用手铺法,然后压缩成型。在制造GP-GE复合材料中使用的GPs的不同百分比分别为(0.1,0.3,0.5和0.7)w/%的环氧重量。进行了单轴压缩性能和纤维方向线性热膨胀系数(CLTE)试验。还进行了热力学性能测试,如存储模量(E ')和损耗模量(E ")。使用动态机械分析仪(DMA)测量存储模量和损耗模量的变化,从15°C到125°C,而使用dialatometer测量CLTE。结果表明:当GPs添加量达到0.5%时,压缩性能和热力学性能均呈先升高后降低的趋势;GPs的加入对GE复合材料在纤维方向上的CLTE没有影响。
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引用次数: 0
CORROSION BEHAVIOR AND WETTING PROPERTIES OF CAST TNZT ALLOYS 铸造TNZT合金的腐蚀行为和润湿性能
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.17222/mit.2023.887
R. Ciocoiu, R. Turcu, Nicolae Văleanu, Gabriel Dobri, A. Banu, I. Carstoc, Dura Horatiu
Five experimental alloys Ti-9Nb-8Zr-xTa-2Ag (x = 0, 5, 10, 15) were obtained and analyzed in the as-cast condition. The microstructure, corrosion behavior and surface free energy on the samples polished and corroded in artificial saliva were investigated. The microstructure is comprised of a mixture of α and β phase and the proportion of β phase increases with tantalum content increase. At 10 % Ta a drastic change in the microstructure was observed that severely altered the corrosion behavior, as the corrosion rate increased significantly beyond this point. The alloys are hydrophilic and corrosion tends to increase the surface free energy of the alloy with 15 % Ta that was mostly affected by the corrosion. The tantalum content increase affects directly the microstructure and indirectly the corrosion and surface wetting properties of the experimental alloys. Tantalum content increase affects directly the microstructure and indirectly the corrosion and surface wetting properties of the experimental alloys.
在铸态条件下获得了5种实验合金Ti-9Nb-8Zr-xTa-2Ag (x = 0、5、10、15)并进行了分析。研究了经人工唾液抛光和腐蚀后样品的微观结构、腐蚀行为和表面自由能。显微组织由α相和β相混合组成,β相的比例随着钽含量的增加而增加。在10% Ta时,随着腐蚀速率显著增加,观察到微观结构的剧烈变化严重改变了腐蚀行为。合金具有亲水性,当Ta含量为15%时,合金的表面自由能增加,受腐蚀影响最大。钽含量的增加直接影响合金的显微组织,间接影响合金的腐蚀和表面润湿性能。钽含量的增加直接影响合金的显微组织,间接影响合金的腐蚀和表面润湿性能。
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引用次数: 0
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE INTERACTION KINETICS BETWEEN MOLTEN ALUMINIUM ALLOY AL99.7 AND TOOL STEEL H11 温度对al99.7铝合金与h11工具钢相互作用动力学的影响
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.17222/mit.2023.825
M. Vončina, A. Nagode, J. Medved, T. Balaško
Hot-work tool steels are used in casting and hot-forming processes and are subjected to thermal, mechanical and chemical stresses that can cause damage to various parts of the tool. Therefore, knowledge of the interaction between tool steel and molten aluminium alloy is necessary to extend the life of the tool. The present work was carried out to predict the influence of temperature on the interaction kinetics between tool steel and molten aluminium. To investigate the effect of temperature on the dissolution rate of tool steel in molten aluminium and the rate of formation of interaction layers, DSC analysis was performed at two different temperatures, 670 °C and 700 °C, for 12 h. The results were corroborated and supported by a detailed microstructure analysis. It was found that very small temperature changes, in this case 30 °C, significantly affect the kinetics of the interaction layer’s formation between the tool steel H11 and molten aluminium Al99.7. All test methods show a pronounced influence of the test temperature. A significantly faster dissolution was observed in the DSC curve, with the slope of the curve being larger for the specimen tested at 700 °C, which was also confirmed by measurements of the thicknesses of the interaction layers. The thickness of the composite layer was almost the same in both cases, and the temperature has no effect on this layer. The types of interaction layers do not differ from each other.
热加工工具钢用于铸造和热成型工艺,承受热、机械和化学应力,会对工具的各个部分造成损害。因此,了解工具钢和熔融铝合金之间的相互作用对于延长刀具的寿命是必要的。本文研究了温度对工具钢与铝液相互作用动力学的影响。为了研究温度对工具钢在铝液中溶解速度和相互作用层形成速度的影响,在670°C和700°C两种不同温度下进行了12 h的DSC分析。详细的显微组织分析证实了这一结果。研究发现,很小的温度变化(在本实验中为30℃)会显著影响工具钢H11与铝液Al99.7之间相互作用层形成的动力学。所有的试验方法都受到试验温度的显著影响。在DSC曲线上观察到明显更快的溶解,并且在700°C时测试的试样的曲线斜率更大,这也通过测量相互作用层的厚度得到证实。两种情况下复合层厚度基本相同,温度对复合层厚度没有影响。交互层的类型彼此没有区别。
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引用次数: 1
THE INFLUENCE OF TiO2 NANOPARTICLES ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF AA2024 ALUMINIUM ALLOY TiO2纳米颗粒对AA2024铝合金力学性能和显微组织的影响
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.17222/mit.2023.898
Hamid Mahan, S. Konovalov, K. Osintsev, I. Panchenko
In this study aluminum alloy 2024 was reinforced with different mass fractions (0 w/%, 2.5 w/%, 5 w/%, and 7.5 w/%) of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using the stir-casting method. The main objective was to study an effect of an addition of TiO2 nanoparticles on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the 2024 aluminum alloy composite fabricated by stir casting. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive analysis, as well as X-ray diffraction analysis were implemented to characterize the microstructure, elemental and phase composition of the samples. The tensile and Vickers hardness tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties. The results showed that the addition of 7.5 w/% TiO2 nanoparticles increases the ultimate tensile strength by 37 % and elongation by 71 % while decreases the hardness by 14 % comparing with the initial alloy. The highest hardness was demonstrated in the alloy with 5 w/% TiO2.
采用搅拌铸造法对2024铝合金进行了不同质量分数(0 w/%、2.5 w/%、5 w/%和7.5 w/%)的二氧化钛纳米颗粒的强化。主要目的是研究TiO2纳米颗粒对搅拌铸造2024铝合金复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜、能量色散分析和x射线衍射分析对样品的微观结构、元素组成和相组成进行表征。通过拉伸试验和维氏硬度试验对其力学性能进行了评价。结果表明,与初始合金相比,添加7.5 w/% TiO2纳米粒子可使合金的抗拉强度提高37%,延伸率提高71%,硬度降低14%。TiO2含量为5w /%的合金硬度最高。
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引用次数: 0
HOT-DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR AND PROCESSING MAP OF 22MnB5 HIGH-STRENGTH STEEL 22MnB5高强钢热变形行为及工艺图
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.17222/mit.2023.874
H. Ji, Y. Wen, G. Cui, Weichi Pei, W. Xiao
In order to explore the hot formability of 22MnB5, a hot-tensile test of 22MnB5 high-strength steel plate was carried out using a Gleeble-1500 hot-tensile-testing machine. The stress-strain curves at 850 °C to 950 °C and 0.01 s–1 to 10 s–1 were obtained. The results show that 22MnB5 has an obvious positive-strain-rate sensitivity, and its peak stress decreases with the increase of temperature. The mechanical constitutive equation of 22MnB5 was established by using the improved Johnson-Cook model, and the fitting value was compared with the experimental value. Based on the dynamic material model, the hot-processing map of 22MnB5 was established and analyzed. The hot-processing process was determined as follows: deformation temperature 880 °C to 930 °C, strain rate 0.01 s–1 to 1 s–1.
为了探索22MnB5的热成形性,利用Gleeble-1500热拉伸试验机对22MnB5高强度钢板进行了热拉伸试验。得到850℃~ 950℃和0.01 s-1 ~ 10 s-1时的应力-应变曲线。结果表明:22MnB5具有明显的正应变率敏感性,峰值应力随温度升高而降低;采用改进的Johnson-Cook模型建立了22MnB5的力学本构方程,并将拟合值与实验值进行了比较。基于动态材料模型,建立并分析了22MnB5的热加工图。热加工工艺确定为:变形温度880℃~ 930℃,应变速率0.01 s-1 ~ 1 s-1。
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引用次数: 0
DRY-SLIDING WEAR RESISTANCE OF AISI H11-TYPE HOT-WORK TOOL STEEL aisi h11型热加工工具钢的干滑动耐磨性
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.17222/mit.2023.880
G. Puš, B. Žužek, A. Guštin, B. Podgornik
This study focused on analyzing the tribological properties of AISI H11-type hot-work tool steel and how these properties depend on the heat-treatment parameters. The investigation focuses on the abrasive wear resistance under different contact conditions and correlations between the mechanical properties and the wear resistance. The results of the experiments show the importance of proper austenitizing- and tempering-temperature selection, thus providing the optimal combination of tool hardness, strength, and toughness. The coefficient of friction under dry-sliding-contact conditions and abrasive wear mode was found to be largely independent of the heat-treatment conditions and more determined by the contact conditions, especially the load. On the other hand, hardness and strength are the dominant mechanical properties controlling the abrasive wear resistance of the hot-work tool steel.
本文重点分析了AISI h11型热加工工具钢的摩擦学性能,以及这些性能对热处理参数的影响。研究了磨料在不同接触条件下的耐磨性,以及力学性能与耐磨性的关系。实验结果表明,合理选择奥氏体化温度和回火温度,可以获得刀具硬度、强度和韧性的最佳组合。干滑动接触条件下的摩擦系数和磨料磨损方式在很大程度上与热处理条件无关,更多地取决于接触条件,尤其是载荷。另一方面,硬度和强度是控制热加工工具钢磨料耐磨性的主要力学性能。
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引用次数: 0
POLYCENTRIC KNEE PROSTHESIS WITH CARBON FABRIC REINFORCED POLYMER: FABRICATION AND STRUCTURAL EVALUATION 碳纤维增强聚合物多中心膝关节假体:制造及结构评价
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.17222/mit.2023.881
A. Vasanthanathan, Amudhan K, J. Thilak
A prosthetic knee is an important, functional, dynamic component of a transfemoral prosthesis. This paper details a step-by-step fabrication procedure for a passive polycentric knee using carbon-fabric-reinforced polymer in a sequential order. The Solidworks® 2022 software package was used for part modelling and assembling. The three-dimensional model developed was the base for planning, visual ideation, feasibility assessment and physical prototyping. The parts of the composite knee were manufactured using a vacuum-assisted resin-infusion method. The moulds for the infusion process were designed and developed by fused-deposition modelling. The experimental static structural testing was performed in accordance with the ISO 10328 standard to evaluate the structural strength of the prosthetic knee.
假膝是经股假体中重要的、功能性的、动态的组成部分。本文详细介绍了用碳纤维增强聚合物逐步制造被动多中心膝关节的过程。Solidworks®2022软件包用于零件建模和组装。开发的三维模型是规划、视觉构思、可行性评估和物理原型制作的基础。采用真空辅助树脂输注方法制备复合膝关节的部分。采用熔融沉积模型设计和开发了注射工艺的模具。按照ISO 10328标准进行静力结构试验,评估假膝的结构强度。
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引用次数: 0
INFLUENCE OF CEMENT CONTENT AND MOISTURE CONTENT ON THE PULLOUT-INTERFACE PROPERTIES OF GEOGRID-SOLIDIFIED WASTE MUD 水泥掺量和含水率对土工格栅固化废泥浆拉出界面性能的影响
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.17222/mit.2023.848
Jian Zhang, Xirui Wang, Jie Shen
In engineering, waste mud is often used as a filling material after a solidification treatment. Geogrids, being excellent geotechnical engineering materials, are often used for soil reinforcement. In this work, a pullout test that considered the influence of different waste-mud moisture contents and cement contents was conducted to investigate the interface characteristics of geogrid-solidified waste-mud-reinforced soil. Then, the relationship between the pullout force and displacement, and the variations in the cohesion, friction angle and quasifriction coefficient were analysed. The results showed that the pullout force-displacement curve represented a strain-softening pattern. With the increasing moisture content, the peak pullout force, interfacial cohesion and quasifriction coefficient decreased gradually, but the internal friction angle did not change substantially. With the increasing cement content, the peak pullout force, interfacial cohesion, internal friction angle and quasifriction coefficient increased gradually. The peak pullout force was linearly correlated with the change in the moisture content and logarithmically correlated with the change in the cement content. Compared with the moisture content, the reinforcement-soil interface was more affected by the cement content. This study provides guidelines for the mixture design of reinforced solidified waste mud.
在工程中,废泥浆经固化处理后常被用作填料。土工格栅是一种优良的岩土工程材料,常用于土体加固。本文通过考虑不同废泥含水率和水泥掺量影响的拉拔试验,研究了土工格栅固化废泥加筋土的界面特性。分析了拉拔力与位移的关系以及黏聚力、摩擦角和准摩擦系数的变化规律。结果表明:拉拔力-位移曲线呈应变-软化型;随着含水率的增加,峰值拉拔力、界面黏聚力和准摩擦系数逐渐减小,但内摩擦角变化不大。随着水泥掺量的增加,峰值拉拔力、界面黏聚力、内摩擦角和准摩擦系数逐渐增大。拔出力峰值与含水率变化呈线性相关,与水泥掺量变化呈对数相关。与含水率相比,水泥掺量对钢筋-土界面的影响更大。本研究为加强固化废泥混合料的设计提供了指导。
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引用次数: 0
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