Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42458
G. Adhikari
The determination of the required sample size is always an important step during the planning of the quality of research for a quantitative study. The researchers need to have sound prerequisite knowledge of the inferential statistics concept for determining a minimum sample size requirement and its estimation because an insufficient sample size may not be able to answer the research questions and a large sample is wastage of resources, may add to the complexity, and take more time for the study. Both situations are ethically unacceptable for the researchers. Therefore, this study provides researchers with appropriate sample size determination methods for quantitative study. The Google Scholar, PubMed, and Library Genesis were used to find out the required information for the review of this paper. This study presents the sample size calculation formula in a simplified manner with relevant examples so that researchers may effectively use them in their research.
{"title":"Calculating the Sample Size in Quantitative Studies","authors":"G. Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42458","url":null,"abstract":"The determination of the required sample size is always an important step during the planning of the quality of research for a quantitative study. The researchers need to have sound prerequisite knowledge of the inferential statistics concept for determining a minimum sample size requirement and its estimation because an insufficient sample size may not be able to answer the research questions and a large sample is wastage of resources, may add to the complexity, and take more time for the study. Both situations are ethically unacceptable for the researchers. Therefore, this study provides researchers with appropriate sample size determination methods for quantitative study. The Google Scholar, PubMed, and Library Genesis were used to find out the required information for the review of this paper. This study presents the sample size calculation formula in a simplified manner with relevant examples so that researchers may effectively use them in their research.","PeriodicalId":18263,"journal":{"name":"McNair Scholars Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73364191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42484
Madan Singh Deupa
Universities with faculties of education run programmes to produce competent, trained, qualified and professional teachers for the quality education in the country. Taking this case into consideration, this study examined the curriculum of teacher education of four universities from Nepal and India in relation to objectives, contents, teaching-learning methods and assessment procedures. This is a comparative descriptive study based on document analysis. In Nepal, there is the provision of integrated four-year B.Ed. programme with one fifth of the professional courses while in India two-year B.Ed. with almost professional/pedagogical courses is in practice. The major objective of teacher education programme in both countries is to produce competent school teachers and educational professionals in the field. India has slightly stronger criteria (at least 50% marks at undergraduate) for enrollment at B.Ed. than in Nepal. Both countries have provisions of internal and external assessment to evaluate the students' achievement. There are more similar instructional techniques used in teacher education for teaching- learning while criteria used for interpretation of the results vary from institution to institution in both countries.
{"title":"Teacher Education Programme in Nepal and India: A Case of Four Selected Universities","authors":"Madan Singh Deupa","doi":"10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42484","url":null,"abstract":"Universities with faculties of education run programmes to produce competent, trained, qualified and professional teachers for the quality education in the country. Taking this case into consideration, this study examined the curriculum of teacher education of four universities from Nepal and India in relation to objectives, contents, teaching-learning methods and assessment procedures. This is a comparative descriptive study based on document analysis. In Nepal, there is the provision of integrated four-year B.Ed. programme with one fifth of the professional courses while in India two-year B.Ed. with almost professional/pedagogical courses is in practice. The major objective of teacher education programme in both countries is to produce competent school teachers and educational professionals in the field. India has slightly stronger criteria (at least 50% marks at undergraduate) for enrollment at B.Ed. than in Nepal. Both countries have provisions of internal and external assessment to evaluate the students' achievement. There are more similar instructional techniques used in teacher education for teaching- learning while criteria used for interpretation of the results vary from institution to institution in both countries.","PeriodicalId":18263,"journal":{"name":"McNair Scholars Journal","volume":"341 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76384607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42564
अन्जली Anjali अधिकारी Adhikari
पहिलो वा मातृभाषामा आधारभूत ज्ञान लिएर प्रारम्भिक कक्षामा प्रवेश गरेका बालबालिकामा बहुभाषिक क्षमताको विकासगरी बहुभाषिक विश्वमा समायोजन हुन योग्य बनाउन बहुभाषिक शिक्षाको अवधारणा विकसित भएको देखिन्छ । विश्वभरिएकैपटक प्रारम्भ भई सबैलाई गुणात्मक शिक्षा दिने उद्देश्य रहेको बहुभाषिक शिक्षा पद्धतिमा शिक्षण सिकाइका क्रममादुई वा सोभन्दा बढी भाषालाई माध्यम बनाउनु आवश्यक हुन्छ । यसै सन्दर्भमा बहुभाषिक शिक्षाको सापेक्षतामा निजीविद्यालयका प्रारम्भिक कक्षामा भाषा प्रयोगको अवस्था अध्ययन गर्ने उद्देश्य प्रस्तुत लेखको रहेको छ । गुणात्मक प्रकृतिकोयस लेखमा घटना अध्ययन विधिको प्रयोग गरी अवलोकन र अन्तर्वार्ताका आधारमा तथ्याङ्क सङ्कलन गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुतअध्ययनले शिक्षण सिकाइका क्रममा बहुभाषाको प्रयोगले सबै भाषाका सिकारूलाई लाभ हुने हुँदा प्रारम्भिक कक्षादेखि नैबहुभाषा माध्यम अपनाइने बहुभाषिक शिक्षा पद्धति प्रभावकारी हुने उल्लेख गरेको छ । बहुभाषिक शिक्षाका लागि प्रतिबद्धताजनाएको नेपालले शिक्षण सिकाइका क्रममा बहुभाषिक कक्षाका लागि तय गरेका माध्यम भाषाका नीतिगत व्यवस्था एवम्सुझाव र निजी विद्यालयका कक्षामा प्रयोग गरिएको अङ्ग्रेजी मात्र माध्यम एकल भाषिक पद्धतिमा आधारित देखिन्छन् ।प्रस्तुत लेखमा राज्यले बहुभाषिक शिक्षाका लागि वैज्ञानिक आधारमा व्यावहारिक नीति र मोडल तय गरी निजी विद्यालयलाईस्पष्ट मार्गदर्शन गर्न नसकेको अवस्थामा बहुभाषिक समुदायमा अवस्थित निजी विद्यालयले समुदाय तथा अभिभावककोमनोविज्ञान, भाषा बजार, विश्वव्यापी आवश्यकता र सिकाइ सहजतालाई केन्द्रमा राखी प्रारम्भिक उर्वरयोग्य उमेरदेखिनै बहुभाषालाई शिक्षण सिकाइको माध्यम बनाउने रणनीतिले बहुभाषिक कक्षामा बहुभाषिक शिक्षाको आधार निर्माण गर्नेकुरालाई निष्कर्षका रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । {The concept of multilingual education seems to have been developed to enable children entering primary school with basic knowledge in first or mother tongue to be able to integrate into the multilingual world by developing their multilingual ability. The multilingual education system, which aims to provide quality education to all, once started all over the world, requires the use of two or more languages as a medium of instruction. In this context, the purpose of this article is to study the use of language in the elementary class of private schools in relation to multilingual education. The qualitative nature of the article is based on observations and interviews using incident study methods. The present study has mentioned that the use of multilingual in the process of teaching and learning will benefit the learners of all languages, so the multilingual education system adopted from the elementary class through multilingual medium will be effective. Nepal, which is committed to multilingual education, seems to be based on a single language system based on the policy provisions and recommendations of the medium language for multilingual classes in the course of teaching and learning and the English medium used in private school classrooms. In the present article, while the state has not been able to guide private schools in setting practical policies and models for multilingual education on a scientific basis, private schools in multil
{"title":"बहुभाषिक शिक्षाको सन्दर्भमा निजी विद्यालयका कक्षामा भाषा प्रयोगको अवस्था {The state of language use in private school classrooms in the context of multilingual education}","authors":"अन्जली Anjali अधिकारी Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42564","url":null,"abstract":"पहिलो वा मातृभाषामा आधारभूत ज्ञान लिएर प्रारम्भिक कक्षामा प्रवेश गरेका बालबालिकामा बहुभाषिक क्षमताको विकासगरी बहुभाषिक विश्वमा समायोजन हुन योग्य बनाउन बहुभाषिक शिक्षाको अवधारणा विकसित भएको देखिन्छ । विश्वभरिएकैपटक प्रारम्भ भई सबैलाई गुणात्मक शिक्षा दिने उद्देश्य रहेको बहुभाषिक शिक्षा पद्धतिमा शिक्षण सिकाइका क्रममादुई वा सोभन्दा बढी भाषालाई माध्यम बनाउनु आवश्यक हुन्छ । यसै सन्दर्भमा बहुभाषिक शिक्षाको सापेक्षतामा निजीविद्यालयका प्रारम्भिक कक्षामा भाषा प्रयोगको अवस्था अध्ययन गर्ने उद्देश्य प्रस्तुत लेखको रहेको छ । गुणात्मक प्रकृतिकोयस लेखमा घटना अध्ययन विधिको प्रयोग गरी अवलोकन र अन्तर्वार्ताका आधारमा तथ्याङ्क सङ्कलन गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुतअध्ययनले शिक्षण सिकाइका क्रममा बहुभाषाको प्रयोगले सबै भाषाका सिकारूलाई लाभ हुने हुँदा प्रारम्भिक कक्षादेखि नैबहुभाषा माध्यम अपनाइने बहुभाषिक शिक्षा पद्धति प्रभावकारी हुने उल्लेख गरेको छ । बहुभाषिक शिक्षाका लागि प्रतिबद्धताजनाएको नेपालले शिक्षण सिकाइका क्रममा बहुभाषिक कक्षाका लागि तय गरेका माध्यम भाषाका नीतिगत व्यवस्था एवम्सुझाव र निजी विद्यालयका कक्षामा प्रयोग गरिएको अङ्ग्रेजी मात्र माध्यम एकल भाषिक पद्धतिमा आधारित देखिन्छन् ।प्रस्तुत लेखमा राज्यले बहुभाषिक शिक्षाका लागि वैज्ञानिक आधारमा व्यावहारिक नीति र मोडल तय गरी निजी विद्यालयलाईस्पष्ट मार्गदर्शन गर्न नसकेको अवस्थामा बहुभाषिक समुदायमा अवस्थित निजी विद्यालयले समुदाय तथा अभिभावककोमनोविज्ञान, भाषा बजार, विश्वव्यापी आवश्यकता र सिकाइ सहजतालाई केन्द्रमा राखी प्रारम्भिक उर्वरयोग्य उमेरदेखिनै बहुभाषालाई शिक्षण सिकाइको माध्यम बनाउने रणनीतिले बहुभाषिक कक्षामा बहुभाषिक शिक्षाको आधार निर्माण गर्नेकुरालाई निष्कर्षका रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । {The concept of multilingual education seems to have been developed to enable children entering primary school with basic knowledge in first or mother tongue to be able to integrate into the multilingual world by developing their multilingual ability. The multilingual education system, which aims to provide quality education to all, once started all over the world, requires the use of two or more languages as a medium of instruction. In this context, the purpose of this article is to study the use of language in the elementary class of private schools in relation to multilingual education. The qualitative nature of the article is based on observations and interviews using incident study methods. The present study has mentioned that the use of multilingual in the process of teaching and learning will benefit the learners of all languages, so the multilingual education system adopted from the elementary class through multilingual medium will be effective. Nepal, which is committed to multilingual education, seems to be based on a single language system based on the policy provisions and recommendations of the medium language for multilingual classes in the course of teaching and learning and the English medium used in private school classrooms. In the present article, while the state has not been able to guide private schools in setting practical policies and models for multilingual education on a scientific basis, private schools in multil","PeriodicalId":18263,"journal":{"name":"McNair Scholars Journal","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80953321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42472
Karna Bahadur Chongbang
Classroom is a formal systemic unit integrating with conscious teacher and student activities. The rational of this paper was to present the complexity understanding as an alternative to linear systemic view to classroom context. The objective of this paper was to explore the nature of classroom dynamism under the complex system dynamics. Methodologically, it is based on the comprehensive literature review. It has discussed the influential dynamics which make classroom human subjects act, interact, and change their behaviour. It has explored the micro to macro systems that influence the didactic interaction system of teacher and student. It has analysed the interplay of the proximal and distal systemic dynamics which are to be regarded as inherent forces from complexity paradigm of a study. The core idea flowing in the paper is making meaning of the dynamism and dynamics of classroom interaction that obviously occurs in complex systemic context. It implies to accommodate complexity responding classroom research methodologies and pedagogical approaches that are expected to function in a compatible manner.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42481
Shiva Dutta Chapagai
Value Added Tax (VAT) is a consumption tax, levied at each stage of the consumption chain and born by the final consumer of the product or service. Gross domestic product (GDP) is the standard measure of the value added created through the production of goods and services in a country during a certain period. This study investigated the contribution of VAT to gross domestic product in Nepal from 2001 to 2019 based on empirical evidences. To meet this objective, time series macro economic data of GDP and VAT were used. Data were collected through the economic survey from Ministry of Finance. Ordinary Least Square technique was employed to test the hypotheses formulated. The result shows that VAT contributes significantly to GDP. During the periods under review, the growth rate of VAT was 17.42% on average and the average ratio of VAT revenue to that of GDP was 4.38%. The findings also reveal that there is the existence of both positive and strong relationship between VAT and GDP. Hence, Government of Nepal should search for the way to boost the revenue from VAT by mostly supporting with the configurations of networks among all the agencies of government and taxing authorities of the federal level, each province and local bodies in order to meet the growth and to facilitate public services for the country.
{"title":"Contribution of Value Added Tax to Gross Domestic Product of Nepal","authors":"Shiva Dutta Chapagai","doi":"10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42481","url":null,"abstract":"Value Added Tax (VAT) is a consumption tax, levied at each stage of the consumption chain and born by the final consumer of the product or service. Gross domestic product (GDP) is the standard measure of the value added created through the production of goods and services in a country during a certain period. This study investigated the contribution of VAT to gross domestic product in Nepal from 2001 to 2019 based on empirical evidences. To meet this objective, time series macro economic data of GDP and VAT were used. Data were collected through the economic survey from Ministry of Finance. Ordinary Least Square technique was employed to test the hypotheses formulated. The result shows that VAT contributes significantly to GDP. During the periods under review, the growth rate of VAT was 17.42% on average and the average ratio of VAT revenue to that of GDP was 4.38%. The findings also reveal that there is the existence of both positive and strong relationship between VAT and GDP. Hence, Government of Nepal should search for the way to boost the revenue from VAT by mostly supporting with the configurations of networks among all the agencies of government and taxing authorities of the federal level, each province and local bodies in order to meet the growth and to facilitate public services for the country.","PeriodicalId":18263,"journal":{"name":"McNair Scholars Journal","volume":"217 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74901020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42461
Shankar Dewan
This paper attempted to address the issues related to bilinguals’ creativity in Nepali English and their implications for World Englishes in the Nepali context. I purposively selected Sheeba Shah’s (2018) novel The Other Queen, went through the contents, and examined the language used in the novel to investigate the linguistic and literary creativity. In this paper, I employed a theoretical framework derived from Kachru (1985) to describe how English is nativised in the Nepali context to convey the Nepali socio-cultural, political as well as historical information, and explore how Nepali literature written in English exhibits typical bilingual creativity of the Nepali writer. I found that the bilingual writer adopted different linguistic and literary strategies such as direct lexical transfer, code-switching, hybridisation, metaphors and proverbs, loan translation, and nativised discourse strategies to convey a distinct sense of Nepaliness. Evidences justify that the bilinguals’ creativity contributes to develop new canons in Nepali English literature.
本文试图探讨在尼泊尔语语境下，双语者在尼泊尔语英语中的创造性及其对世界英语的启示。我有目的地选择了Sheeba Shah(2018)的小说《另一位女王》(The Other Queen)，对小说的内容进行了梳理，并考察了小说中使用的语言，以研究其语言和文学创造力。在本文中，我采用了源自Kachru(1985)的理论框架，描述了英语如何在尼泊尔语境中被本土化，以传达尼泊尔的社会文化、政治和历史信息，并探讨了用英语写作的尼泊尔文学如何表现出尼泊尔作家典型的双语创造力。笔者发现，双语作者采用了不同的语言和文学策略，如直接词汇迁移、语码转换、混合化、隐喻和谚语、借译、本土化话语策略等，来传达一种独特的尼泊尔感。有证据表明，双语者的创造力为尼泊尔英语文学的新范式的发展做出了贡献。
{"title":"Bilinguals’ Creativity in Nepali English: Sheeba Shah’s Novel The Other Queen","authors":"Shankar Dewan","doi":"10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42461","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempted to address the issues related to bilinguals’ creativity in Nepali English and their implications for World Englishes in the Nepali context. I purposively selected Sheeba Shah’s (2018) novel The Other Queen, went through the contents, and examined the language used in the novel to investigate the linguistic and literary creativity. In this paper, I employed a theoretical framework derived from Kachru (1985) to describe how English is nativised in the Nepali context to convey the Nepali socio-cultural, political as well as historical information, and explore how Nepali literature written in English exhibits typical bilingual creativity of the Nepali writer. I found that the bilingual writer adopted different linguistic and literary strategies such as direct lexical transfer, code-switching, hybridisation, metaphors and proverbs, loan translation, and nativised discourse strategies to convey a distinct sense of Nepaliness. Evidences justify that the bilinguals’ creativity contributes to develop new canons in Nepali English literature.","PeriodicalId":18263,"journal":{"name":"McNair Scholars Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88749796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42478
S. Khanal, M. Sharma, Suman Kharel, Chabita Sharma
Health literacy refers to a person's knowledge and abilities to make sound health decisions in everyday life. The overall goal of this study was to discover the influence of health literacy on the health behaviour of college girls, using proportionate stratified sampling, 178 (55.27% females studying health and physical education (HPE) at Surkhet Campus, and HA/Staff Nurse at SEDA Campus, Surkhet were chosen. Researchers used a cross-sectional design for this study. The Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) was used to assess health literacy, while the Self-Administered Questionnaire was used to assess health behaviour. As per the survey findings, 53.93% of respondents had appropriate health literacy. Health literacy plays a key role in physical activity and its duration. Furthermore, study revealed that health literacy has no role on campus girls' smoking, using alcohol, and health check-up behaviour. Finally, the research suggested that health literacy is required to include in higher education programmes.
{"title":"Role of Health Literacy on Health Behaviour Change among the College Girl Students","authors":"S. Khanal, M. Sharma, Suman Kharel, Chabita Sharma","doi":"10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42478","url":null,"abstract":"Health literacy refers to a person's knowledge and abilities to make sound health decisions in everyday life. The overall goal of this study was to discover the influence of health literacy on the health behaviour of college girls, using proportionate stratified sampling, 178 (55.27% females studying health and physical education (HPE) at Surkhet Campus, and HA/Staff Nurse at SEDA Campus, Surkhet were chosen. Researchers used a cross-sectional design for this study. The Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) was used to assess health literacy, while the Self-Administered Questionnaire was used to assess health behaviour. As per the survey findings, 53.93% of respondents had appropriate health literacy. Health literacy plays a key role in physical activity and its duration. Furthermore, study revealed that health literacy has no role on campus girls' smoking, using alcohol, and health check-up behaviour. Finally, the research suggested that health literacy is required to include in higher education programmes.","PeriodicalId":18263,"journal":{"name":"McNair Scholars Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88203727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Cycles of Violence Against Native Women: An Analysis of Colonialism, Historical Legislation and the Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013","authors":"L. May, M. Geneviève","doi":"10.15760/MCNAIR.2018.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15760/MCNAIR.2018.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18263,"journal":{"name":"McNair Scholars Journal","volume":"64 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84898023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring Permanent Property: An Exploration of the Tattoo Acquisition in the Midwest","authors":"Sally Cowling","doi":"10.15760/MCNAIR.2018.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15760/MCNAIR.2018.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18263,"journal":{"name":"McNair Scholars Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78885710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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