Pub Date : 2021-08-02DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1953175
Xiaoyang Wei, Q. Meng, Andrew Lim, Shuai Jia
ABSTRACT Tugboat service is important for maintaining the safety and efficiency of ship movements in container ports. In practice, requests for tugboat service are not fully known when the planning horizon begins, but continually revealed while the existing tugboat scheduling is being performed. Thus, a tangible method is required to schedule tugboats to fulfill the continually arrived requests. However, there is no study on addressing this issue. Thus, we propose a dynamic tugboat scheduling problem, formulate the problem mathematically, and develop a tailored solution method that dynamically updates tugboat scheduling as new service requests arrive, so as to minimize the tugboat operation cost of whole planning horizon. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed solution method by comparing it with a benchmark method, and show that the solution method is able to achieve satisfactory performance within a reasonable computation time. In addition, we investigate managerial insights via computational experiments on a variety of instances created based on real-life container port operations.
{"title":"Dynamic tugboat scheduling for container ports","authors":"Xiaoyang Wei, Q. Meng, Andrew Lim, Shuai Jia","doi":"10.1080/03088839.2021.1953175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1953175","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tugboat service is important for maintaining the safety and efficiency of ship movements in container ports. In practice, requests for tugboat service are not fully known when the planning horizon begins, but continually revealed while the existing tugboat scheduling is being performed. Thus, a tangible method is required to schedule tugboats to fulfill the continually arrived requests. However, there is no study on addressing this issue. Thus, we propose a dynamic tugboat scheduling problem, formulate the problem mathematically, and develop a tailored solution method that dynamically updates tugboat scheduling as new service requests arrive, so as to minimize the tugboat operation cost of whole planning horizon. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed solution method by comparing it with a benchmark method, and show that the solution method is able to achieve satisfactory performance within a reasonable computation time. In addition, we investigate managerial insights via computational experiments on a variety of instances created based on real-life container port operations.","PeriodicalId":18288,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Policy & Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03088839.2021.1953175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46054910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-18DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1954256
Naima Saeed, K. Cullinane
ABSTRACT China is ranked as the number one maritime connected country in the world. This study attempts to analyse the characteristics of its 155 maritime trading partners. Five components of maritime connectivity have been used for the analysis. A hierarchical clustering technique is applied to group the trading partners into distinct meaningful clusters. As China’s main maritime competitors within the East Asian region, the analysis is also applied to Singapore and Hong Kong. The clustering technique produces three distinct clusters for China and Singapore and two for Hong Kong. The results reveal the importance of direct maritime connectivity, with China having the highest number of trading partners with zero transhipment (including its top 15 trading partners), compared to Singapore and Hong Kong. The analysis is further extended by applying ordered logistic regression. The results show that the logistic performance index (LPI) and exports/imports have a positive and significant influence on clusters. Conclusions are drawn as to the potential for implementing strategies and policy interventions on the basis of the emergent clusters, particularly the need for Hong Kong to improve all five components of maritime connectivity in order to compete with China and Singapore.
{"title":"Identifying the characteristics of China’s maritime trading partners on the basis of bilateral shipping connectivity: a cluster analysis","authors":"Naima Saeed, K. Cullinane","doi":"10.1080/03088839.2021.1954256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1954256","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT China is ranked as the number one maritime connected country in the world. This study attempts to analyse the characteristics of its 155 maritime trading partners. Five components of maritime connectivity have been used for the analysis. A hierarchical clustering technique is applied to group the trading partners into distinct meaningful clusters. As China’s main maritime competitors within the East Asian region, the analysis is also applied to Singapore and Hong Kong. The clustering technique produces three distinct clusters for China and Singapore and two for Hong Kong. The results reveal the importance of direct maritime connectivity, with China having the highest number of trading partners with zero transhipment (including its top 15 trading partners), compared to Singapore and Hong Kong. The analysis is further extended by applying ordered logistic regression. The results show that the logistic performance index (LPI) and exports/imports have a positive and significant influence on clusters. Conclusions are drawn as to the potential for implementing strategies and policy interventions on the basis of the emergent clusters, particularly the need for Hong Kong to improve all five components of maritime connectivity in order to compete with China and Singapore.","PeriodicalId":18288,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Policy & Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03088839.2021.1954256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41310896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-14DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1914875
Jian Wang, Qiuyun Huang, Xu-dong Lin, Mingzhu Yu
ABSTRACT This paper studies the competition and cooperation problem in a regional port system with two container terminals. Two game models are proposed to analyze the decisions of container terminal operators and the local government, respectively. We consider the emission tax, container terminal’s service level and service price and derive the optimal decisions of the players. From the numerical analysis results, we find that in the regional port system, (1) a relatively developed container terminal is a good choice for consumers who prefer high-quality and efficient service, while those whose main concern is price can choose a developing container terminal; (2) for the benefit of all players, cleaner fuels should be used to decrease the proportion of unit pollution emission; (3) if social welfare is more emphasized than environmental protection, competition between the two container terminals is preferred, otherwise, cooperation is more beneficial.
{"title":"Container terminal competition and cooperation considering emission tax","authors":"Jian Wang, Qiuyun Huang, Xu-dong Lin, Mingzhu Yu","doi":"10.1080/03088839.2021.1914875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1914875","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper studies the competition and cooperation problem in a regional port system with two container terminals. Two game models are proposed to analyze the decisions of container terminal operators and the local government, respectively. We consider the emission tax, container terminal’s service level and service price and derive the optimal decisions of the players. From the numerical analysis results, we find that in the regional port system, (1) a relatively developed container terminal is a good choice for consumers who prefer high-quality and efficient service, while those whose main concern is price can choose a developing container terminal; (2) for the benefit of all players, cleaner fuels should be used to decrease the proportion of unit pollution emission; (3) if social welfare is more emphasized than environmental protection, competition between the two container terminals is preferred, otherwise, cooperation is more beneficial.","PeriodicalId":18288,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Policy & Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03088839.2021.1914875","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44504575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-14DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1950860
Chuanxu Wang, Y. Jiao
ABSTRACT Due to the restriction of sulfur content in fuel oil in the Emission Control Areas (ECAs), ships passing through ECAs have to adopt low-sulfur fuel oil (LSFO), and government will provide appropriate subsidies to shipping companies using LSFO. However, due to the different bargaining power between ports and shipping companies, it is necessary to study how the governmental subsidies affect the carriers’ choices of using LSFO under different power structures. In this paper, a game model considering one terminal and two carriers is developed to study the equilibrium solutions of two carriers under different power structures (terminal-dominated game, carriers-dominated game, Nash game), and then we analyze the impacts of government subsidies on maritime supply chain. The results show that whether for terminal or carriers, being leader in the game can always bring them higher profits. With the increase of the government subsidy, the demand of the carrier using LSFO will increase while the demand of the carrier who doesn’t use LSFO will decrease. High government subsidy not only reduces the profits of carriers not using LSFO but also puts the carriers more likely into the prisoner’s dilemma. The total demands and social welfare are maximized under Nash game.
{"title":"Shipping companies’ choice of low sulfur fuel oil with government subsidy and different maritime supply chain power structures","authors":"Chuanxu Wang, Y. Jiao","doi":"10.1080/03088839.2021.1950860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1950860","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Due to the restriction of sulfur content in fuel oil in the Emission Control Areas (ECAs), ships passing through ECAs have to adopt low-sulfur fuel oil (LSFO), and government will provide appropriate subsidies to shipping companies using LSFO. However, due to the different bargaining power between ports and shipping companies, it is necessary to study how the governmental subsidies affect the carriers’ choices of using LSFO under different power structures. In this paper, a game model considering one terminal and two carriers is developed to study the equilibrium solutions of two carriers under different power structures (terminal-dominated game, carriers-dominated game, Nash game), and then we analyze the impacts of government subsidies on maritime supply chain. The results show that whether for terminal or carriers, being leader in the game can always bring them higher profits. With the increase of the government subsidy, the demand of the carrier using LSFO will increase while the demand of the carrier who doesn’t use LSFO will decrease. High government subsidy not only reduces the profits of carriers not using LSFO but also puts the carriers more likely into the prisoner’s dilemma. The total demands and social welfare are maximized under Nash game.","PeriodicalId":18288,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Policy & Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03088839.2021.1950860","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41443483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-07DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1950859
Eda Turan, S. Bozkurt, U. Çelebi, Serkan Ekinci
ABSTRACT Maritime is one of the sectors where conflicts from work to the family are experienced the most. It is vital to examine the results of behavioral outputs in an area where staying away from the family is so effective that burnout is accompanied by severe difficulty. The primary purpose of the study is to examine the role of burnout in the impact of work-family conflicts (WFC) experienced by key players in the maritime industry on job satisfaction. Data gathered from 372 participants working in the maritime sector were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results show that burnout has a partial mediating effect on job satisfaction. After the literature review and results, the applications that motivate and keep key players engaged are discussed. In this context, for those working in the maritime industry, from work to family conflict has been shown to play a critical role in burnout and job satisfaction modeling.
{"title":"The role of burnout in the effect of work-family conflicts on job satisfaction: a research for key players in the maritime industry","authors":"Eda Turan, S. Bozkurt, U. Çelebi, Serkan Ekinci","doi":"10.1080/03088839.2021.1950859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1950859","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Maritime is one of the sectors where conflicts from work to the family are experienced the most. It is vital to examine the results of behavioral outputs in an area where staying away from the family is so effective that burnout is accompanied by severe difficulty. The primary purpose of the study is to examine the role of burnout in the impact of work-family conflicts (WFC) experienced by key players in the maritime industry on job satisfaction. Data gathered from 372 participants working in the maritime sector were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results show that burnout has a partial mediating effect on job satisfaction. After the literature review and results, the applications that motivate and keep key players engaged are discussed. In this context, for those working in the maritime industry, from work to family conflict has been shown to play a critical role in burnout and job satisfaction modeling.","PeriodicalId":18288,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Policy & Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03088839.2021.1950859","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47293847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1953176
H. Meersman, E. Van de Voorde, T. Vanelslander
This special issue is the fruit of the World Conference on Transport Research that was held in 2019 in Mumbai. It brings together a series of eight papers that each tackles a current issue in ports and/ or maritime transportation. Six of the papers deal with infrastructure and terminal efficiency, which is a clear illustration of how crucial efficiency is in today’s port world, under increasing pressure by ever-larger shipping companies with ever-growing ships. A second issue is the climate, where transport and shipping, in particular, are the most important sources of the main emissions. A third and final issue is port co-operation, particularly with a view to the hinterland. The papers have in common that each uses a distinct modelling approach to answer their main research question. The first paper, by van Hassel et al., focuses on the impact of increasing ship sizes on the need for bigger infrastructure, here in particular the expansion of the Panama Canal. That Canal, together with the Suez Canal, is one of the two shortcuts on the connections between the world’s continents. Therefore, the impact of its bottleneck role, on the one hand, or its expansion on the other hand, is felt even on the other side of the globe. This paper shows how the expanded Panama Canal not only turns US port competition totally upside down but also impacts on port competition in other continents. In the US, for trades with Europe, US East Coast ports suddenly come into the picture for a large part of the US hinterland. The reasoning, of course, also goes the other way around for trades with Asia. But more strikingly, even though with a shift that is smaller, there is an impact on port competition within Europe. Turning to ports, four papers on this issue deal with a case study on port efficiency. The four papers also apply different methods and make linkages with different factors. The first paper, by Fernández et al., makes an analysis for Spanish ports. The authors apply a two-stage DEA method, and make a link with container specialisation. Spanish ports appear to feature a high heterogeneity in cargo specialisation. On the output side, the main commodity types as they shape shipping markets are used. On the input side, two factors are used: labour and intermediate consumptions. High-complex ports appear to have a higher overall efficiency. Low-complex ports have higher pure technical efficiency than overall technical efficiency. Third, it is observed that technologies between ports have converged over the past decades. The main lesson from the research is that overcapacity is a big issue, especially in smaller ports. The second port efficiency paper, by Diakomihalis et al., makes an application to Greek ports. The authors apply ordinal logistic regression and one-way ANOVA, combined with DEA. On the input side, they use four types of financial ratios, dealing, respectively, with liquidity, activity profitability, and viability. The authors observed that the four
{"title":"Special issue on ‘Current issues in ports and maritime transportation’","authors":"H. Meersman, E. Van de Voorde, T. Vanelslander","doi":"10.1080/03088839.2021.1953176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1953176","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue is the fruit of the World Conference on Transport Research that was held in 2019 in Mumbai. It brings together a series of eight papers that each tackles a current issue in ports and/ or maritime transportation. Six of the papers deal with infrastructure and terminal efficiency, which is a clear illustration of how crucial efficiency is in today’s port world, under increasing pressure by ever-larger shipping companies with ever-growing ships. A second issue is the climate, where transport and shipping, in particular, are the most important sources of the main emissions. A third and final issue is port co-operation, particularly with a view to the hinterland. The papers have in common that each uses a distinct modelling approach to answer their main research question. The first paper, by van Hassel et al., focuses on the impact of increasing ship sizes on the need for bigger infrastructure, here in particular the expansion of the Panama Canal. That Canal, together with the Suez Canal, is one of the two shortcuts on the connections between the world’s continents. Therefore, the impact of its bottleneck role, on the one hand, or its expansion on the other hand, is felt even on the other side of the globe. This paper shows how the expanded Panama Canal not only turns US port competition totally upside down but also impacts on port competition in other continents. In the US, for trades with Europe, US East Coast ports suddenly come into the picture for a large part of the US hinterland. The reasoning, of course, also goes the other way around for trades with Asia. But more strikingly, even though with a shift that is smaller, there is an impact on port competition within Europe. Turning to ports, four papers on this issue deal with a case study on port efficiency. The four papers also apply different methods and make linkages with different factors. The first paper, by Fernández et al., makes an analysis for Spanish ports. The authors apply a two-stage DEA method, and make a link with container specialisation. Spanish ports appear to feature a high heterogeneity in cargo specialisation. On the output side, the main commodity types as they shape shipping markets are used. On the input side, two factors are used: labour and intermediate consumptions. High-complex ports appear to have a higher overall efficiency. Low-complex ports have higher pure technical efficiency than overall technical efficiency. Third, it is observed that technologies between ports have converged over the past decades. The main lesson from the research is that overcapacity is a big issue, especially in smaller ports. The second port efficiency paper, by Diakomihalis et al., makes an application to Greek ports. The authors apply ordinal logistic regression and one-way ANOVA, combined with DEA. On the input side, they use four types of financial ratios, dealing, respectively, with liquidity, activity profitability, and viability. The authors observed that the four","PeriodicalId":18288,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Policy & Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47775424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1945698
Ruobin Gao, Jiahui Liu, L. Du, Kum Fai Yuen
ABSTRACT The volatile characteristics of the tanker market pose challenges to forecasting. In addition, the volatile characteristics of newbuilding and secondhand ship prices, time charter rates, and scrap values make developing a unified framework of forecasting difficult. Most researchers have developed forecasting models and evaluated their performance based on a specific market. Such narrow development imposes difficulty for practitioners to choose a suitable model. Due to the boom of machine learning, many researchers are trying to boost the forecasting accuracy of shipping markets using machine learning. However, there are many hyper-parameters of the complex machine learning models and a slight variation of the model may cause significant performance degradation. This paper utilizes a forecast combination mechanism to forecast many time series collected from the shipping market, including newbuilding and secondhand ship prices, scrap values, and time charter rates. The models inside the combination pool are just linear functions. Finally, we compare their performance with conventional machine learning models and naïve forecasts using three error metrics and statistical tests. The statistical tests show that the combination of linear models is superior. The findings of this study also indicate that complex models do not boost forecasting accuracy necessarily.
{"title":"Shipping market forecasting by forecast combination mechanism","authors":"Ruobin Gao, Jiahui Liu, L. Du, Kum Fai Yuen","doi":"10.1080/03088839.2021.1945698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1945698","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The volatile characteristics of the tanker market pose challenges to forecasting. In addition, the volatile characteristics of newbuilding and secondhand ship prices, time charter rates, and scrap values make developing a unified framework of forecasting difficult. Most researchers have developed forecasting models and evaluated their performance based on a specific market. Such narrow development imposes difficulty for practitioners to choose a suitable model. Due to the boom of machine learning, many researchers are trying to boost the forecasting accuracy of shipping markets using machine learning. However, there are many hyper-parameters of the complex machine learning models and a slight variation of the model may cause significant performance degradation. This paper utilizes a forecast combination mechanism to forecast many time series collected from the shipping market, including newbuilding and secondhand ship prices, scrap values, and time charter rates. The models inside the combination pool are just linear functions. Finally, we compare their performance with conventional machine learning models and naïve forecasts using three error metrics and statistical tests. The statistical tests show that the combination of linear models is superior. The findings of this study also indicate that complex models do not boost forecasting accuracy necessarily.","PeriodicalId":18288,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Policy & Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03088839.2021.1945698","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47196491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1946608
H. Tsai, Chin-Shan Lu
ABSTRACT Drawing on the theory of institution, this research investigated the effects of institutional responses, employees’ sustainability behavior, and sustainability transformational leadership on sustainability performance at seaports. Data were collected from 296 employees of port corporations in Taiwan, and a moderated mediation model was developed. Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, this study identified four port institutional response dimensions: coercive policy, normative training, communication, and motivation. The results showed that sustainability transformational leadership, employees’ sustainability behavior, and port institutional responses positively affect sustainability performance. Employees’ sustainability behavior plays a mediating role between sustainability transformational leadership and sustainability performance. Specifically, this study found that port institutional responses play a moderated mediation effect on the relationship between sustainability transformational leadership and sustainability performance through employees’ sustainability behavior. Lastly, implications for port sustainability practices and institution theory are discussed.
{"title":"Port institutional responses and sustainability performance: a moderated mediation model","authors":"H. Tsai, Chin-Shan Lu","doi":"10.1080/03088839.2021.1946608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1946608","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Drawing on the theory of institution, this research investigated the effects of institutional responses, employees’ sustainability behavior, and sustainability transformational leadership on sustainability performance at seaports. Data were collected from 296 employees of port corporations in Taiwan, and a moderated mediation model was developed. Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, this study identified four port institutional response dimensions: coercive policy, normative training, communication, and motivation. The results showed that sustainability transformational leadership, employees’ sustainability behavior, and port institutional responses positively affect sustainability performance. Employees’ sustainability behavior plays a mediating role between sustainability transformational leadership and sustainability performance. Specifically, this study found that port institutional responses play a moderated mediation effect on the relationship between sustainability transformational leadership and sustainability performance through employees’ sustainability behavior. Lastly, implications for port sustainability practices and institution theory are discussed.","PeriodicalId":18288,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Policy & Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03088839.2021.1946608","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47118779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1946609
Yaling Li, Zhiyou Cheng, T. Yip, Xiaobiao Fan, Bing Wu
ABSTRACT Human and organizational factors are the contributing factors for collision accidents from the historical data. To discover the key influencing factor, a human factor analysis and classification system based Bayesian Network model is proposed in this paper. The kernel of this proposed model is first to derive the unsafe acts from the perspective of perception, decision-making, and execution failures using the collision avoidance scheme, to classify the human factors into five categories using the modified human-factor analysis and classification system, and to transform the influencing factors of HOFs in the modified HFACS into the graphical structure of the Bayesian network. The results are verified from historical collision accidents data in the Yangtze River, and sensitivity analysis is carried out to validate the axioms of the Bayesian network. From further analysis, the causation factor and global causation chain of ship collision accidents can be derived. Consequently, the results are beneficial for the prevention and control of ship collision accidents in the Yangtze River by reducing human and organization factors.
{"title":"Use of HFACS and Bayesian network for human and organizational factors analysis of ship collision accidents in the Yangtze River","authors":"Yaling Li, Zhiyou Cheng, T. Yip, Xiaobiao Fan, Bing Wu","doi":"10.1080/03088839.2021.1946609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1946609","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Human and organizational factors are the contributing factors for collision accidents from the historical data. To discover the key influencing factor, a human factor analysis and classification system based Bayesian Network model is proposed in this paper. The kernel of this proposed model is first to derive the unsafe acts from the perspective of perception, decision-making, and execution failures using the collision avoidance scheme, to classify the human factors into five categories using the modified human-factor analysis and classification system, and to transform the influencing factors of HOFs in the modified HFACS into the graphical structure of the Bayesian network. The results are verified from historical collision accidents data in the Yangtze River, and sensitivity analysis is carried out to validate the axioms of the Bayesian network. From further analysis, the causation factor and global causation chain of ship collision accidents can be derived. Consequently, the results are beneficial for the prevention and control of ship collision accidents in the Yangtze River by reducing human and organization factors.","PeriodicalId":18288,"journal":{"name":"Maritime Policy & Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03088839.2021.1946609","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42036335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-26DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1937742
T. Zis, K. Cullinane, S. Ricci
ABSTRACT The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has implemented a series of increasingly stricter regulations to reduce sulphur emissions from international shipping. As of January 2020, the global sulphur cap requires the use of fuel containing a maximum of 0.5% sulphur content, or the use of technology achieving a similar reduction in sulphur emissions. Deciding between fuel switching or investing in abatement technologies has been a recurring topic for research in the last decade, with a focus on shipping activities within Emission Control Areas (ECAs). The quest for the desulphurization of shipping results in higher operating costs as well as CO2 emissions. We estimate the economic and environmental impacts of compliance with sulphur limits for a variety of representative ship types. This paper quantitatively assesses case studies across the most important shipping sectors highlighting their different challenges. The results confirm that scrubber investments are more profitable at times of higher fuel prices, and for ships that spend relatively more time sailing. We show that the potential for speed differentiation inside and outside ECAs has been diminished. This framework can be a useful decision support system for selecting the best response amongst different compliance options to environmental regulations.
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