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On The Economic Impact of Covid-19 On China’s Health Sector Covid-19对中国卫生部门的经济影响
Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-76
Zhenglong Shi, Dr. Tengku Kasmini Tengku Wook
This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic and health impacts of COVID-19 on China's health sector, combining qualitative analysis with the research of Qian,X et al. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impacts of China's epidemic policy on the economy and the economic burden of COVID-19 on the population and the solutions to this problem, and to use the research data as a reference for managers, pointing out that coping with this type of public health emergencies is a major concern for the health sector. The study first looks at the economic impact of increased demand for healthcare, the The study first identifies the direct economic impact of the outbreak in terms of increased demand for healthcare, reallocation of healthcare resources, and disruption of the supply chain for medical equipment. By analysing official data and industry reports between 2020 and 2022, the study details changes in public and private healthcare spending during the public health crisis and the impact of these changes on the affordability of healthcare services and the economic stability of healthcare providers. At the same time, the paper explores the long-term impact of COVID-19 on the public health situation, especially on the underclass social groups, which in turn increased the economic burden on the healthcare system. Finally, the paper discusses future strategies for responding to similar public health crises through policy interventions and innovative solutions, aiming to provide policy makers with evidence-based recommendations to optimise the allocation of health resources, improve the coping capacity of the healthcare system, and, most importantly, to improve society's coping strategies for coping with the double whammy of economy and health brought about by emergencies and providing economic sustainability.
本文结合钱X等人的研究,通过定性分析,全面分析了COVID-19对中国卫生部门的经济和健康影响,旨在分析中国疫情政策对经济的影响、COVID-19给民众带来的经济负担以及解决这一问题的方法,并将研究数据作为管理者的参考,指出应对此类突发公共卫生事件是卫生部门的重要关注点。研究首先探讨了医疗保健需求增加、医疗保健资源重新分配和医疗设备供应链中断等方面的经济影响。通过分析 2020 年至 2022 年间的官方数据和行业报告,研究报告详细介绍了公共卫生危机期间公共和私人医疗支出的变化,以及这些变化对医疗服务可负担性和医疗服务提供商经济稳定性的影响。同时,本文探讨了 COVID-19 对公共卫生状况的长期影响,尤其是对底层社会群体的影响,这反过来又加重了医疗系统的经济负担。最后,本文讨论了未来通过政策干预和创新解决方案应对类似公共卫生危机的策略,旨在为政策制定者提供基于证据的建议,以优化卫生资源的分配,提高医疗保健系统的应对能力,最重要的是,改善社会的应对策略,以应对突发事件带来的经济和卫生双重打击,并提供经济可持续性。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on Peer Collaboration and Its Effects in Teaching Speaking to First-Year Students at a University in Hanoi 河内某大学一年级学生口语教学中的同伴合作及其效果研究
Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-75
To Hoai An, Nguyen Thu Hien
This study investigates the impact of peer collaboration on the speaking proficiency of first-year university students at a university in Hanoi through a quasi-experimental design. A total of 124 students were divided into experimental and control groups, with the experimental group participating in peer collaboration activities such as role-playing, group discussions, and collaborative projects over an 11-week period. Quantitative results showed a significant improvement in the experimental group's speaking scores, with a mean difference of -1.456 (t = -11.313, p < 0.001). Qualitative findings from classroom observations, surveys, interviews, and focus groups revealed increased confidence, reduced speaking anxiety, and the effectiveness of specific activities in enhancing speaking skills. Students reported that these activities provided practical language use, constructive peer feedback, and a supportive learning environment. The study concludes that peer collaboration is a highly effective strategy for improving speaking proficiency, fostering cultural understanding, and promoting social interaction among first-year students. These findings suggest that integrating structured peer collaboration activities into language curricula can lead to better learning outcomes. Future research should explore the long-term effects of peer collaboration and its impact on other language skills.
本研究通过准实验设计,探讨了同伴协作对河内一所大学一年级学生口语水平的影响。共有 124 名学生被分为实验组和对照组,实验组在为期 11 周的时间里参加了同伴合作活动,如角色扮演、小组讨论和合作项目。定量结果显示,实验组的口语成绩有了明显提高,平均差异为-1.456(t = -11.313,p < 0.001)。课堂观察、调查、访谈和焦点小组的定性结果显示,学生的自信心增强了,口语焦虑减少了,特定活动在提高口语技能方面也很有效。学生们表示,这些活动提供了实际的语言运用、建设性的同伴反馈和支持性的学习环境。研究得出结论,同伴合作是提高一年级学生口语水平、促进文化理解和社会交往的一种非常有效的策略。这些研究结果表明,将有组织的同伴合作活动纳入语言课程可以带来更好的学习效果。未来的研究应探讨同伴合作的长期效果及其对其他语言技能的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Concept of Recidivism for Juvenile Criminal Offenders in Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Indonesian Criminal Code 关于《印度尼西亚刑法典》的 2023 年第 1 号法律中的少年刑事罪犯累犯概念
Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-71
Muhammad Fairuz Khansa Fawwaz, E. Soponyono
The Juvenile Criminal Justice System (JCJS) in Indonesia is inextricably linked to the country's Criminal Law Policy. Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System represents a significant reform effort in Indonesia by introducing the concept of diversion to address juvenile delinquency. Diversion allows for the resolution of juvenile cases outside the formal criminal justice process, under certain conditions, to avoid stigmatization and promote restorative justice. This study employs a normative juridical approach through legal comparison. The research specification is descriptive, utilizing secondary data sources and types. Data collection is based on literature/documents, and the data analysis technique used is qualitative analysis. The JCJS Law in Indonesia needs clearer and more comprehensive regulations regarding recidivism. Furthermore, the JCJS Law tends to focus more on the recovery and reintegration of juveniles, with insufficient emphasis on preventing recidivism. There is a conceptual change in recidivism within the Indonesian Criminal Code. The Dutch Criminal Code (Wetboek van Strafrecht), which has traditionally applied a special recidivism concept with an intermediate system, will be changed to an "Algemene Recidive" system. Article 112 of the Indonesian Criminal Code stipulates the obligation to seek diversion for juveniles.
印度尼西亚的青少年刑事司法系统(JCJS)与该国的刑法政策密不可分。关于少年刑事司法系统的2012年第11号法律是印度尼西亚的一项重大改革努力,它引入了分流概念来解决少年犯罪问题。分流允许在某些条件下在正式刑事司法程序之外解决青少年案件,以避免污名化并促进恢复性司法。本研究通过法律比较,采用了规范性司法方法。研究规格为描述性,利用二手数据来源和类型。数据收集基于文献/文件,数据分析技术采用定性分析。印度尼西亚的《少年司法制度法》需要对累犯问题做出更明确、更全面的规定。此外,《少年司法制度法》往往更注重少年犯的康复和重返社会,而对预防累犯则重视不够。印度尼西亚《刑法典》对累犯的概念有所改变。荷兰《刑法典》(Wetboek van Strafrecht)历来采用中间系统的特殊累犯概念,将改为 "Algemene Recidive "系统。印度尼西亚《刑法典》第 112 条规定,有义务为少年犯寻求转送教改机构。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of COVID-19 Epidemic on Mental Health in Terms of Age、Gender and Education Level. 从年龄、性别和教育程度的角度看 COVID-19 流行病对心理健康的影响。
Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-77
Peiwen Cheng, Dr. Tengku Kasmini Tengku Wook
In early 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic suddenly broke out across the world and spread rapidly. Global public health and social systems are collapsing due to the spread of coronavirus. Many cities are experiencing shortages of medical resources, with even intensive care units being overwhelmed. The implementation of stringent epidemic prevention measures, the closure of educational institutions, and the suspension of non-essential production and commercial activities have had a profound impact on the daily lives and work activities of individuals, and have precipitated a global economic crisis. The global influence of the COVID- 19 pandemic extends beyond the economies to encompass a multitude of other domains, including the lives and health of individuals. In addition to the direct physical harm and health risks to the body, the widespread spread of the virus and the lockdown measures implemented to contain it also impact people's mental health. This study employs a qualitative research approach to analyse the extensive literature and data from the questionnaire survey conducted by Yingfei Zhang etc. The objective of it was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on mental health. It investigates and analyses common elements related to mental distress during epidemic, including age, gender and education level, to gain insights into the correlation between these factors and people's psychological health status and the psychological influence of the epidemic. Studies have shown that the COVID-19 epidemic not only brings anxiety and depression to people, but also causes great stress, and those who are psychologically vulnerable have even developed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The main factors affecting people's mental health disturbed by COVID-19 are age and education level, while gender differences have relatively little effect on it. In order to better address this issue, it is recommended that the government increase investment in mental health and strengthen mental health education to help people learn how to cope with stress and anxiety, and to help those affected by the pandemic to get out of their psychological difficulties as soon as possible.
2020 年初,COVID-19 疫情突然在全球爆发并迅速蔓延。由于冠状病毒的传播,全球公共卫生和社会系统正在崩溃。许多城市出现医疗资源短缺,甚至连重症监护室都不堪重负。实施严格的防疫措施、关闭教育机构、暂停非必要的生产和商业活动,对个人的日常生活和工作活动产生了深远影响,并引发了全球经济危机。COVID- 19 大流行病对全球的影响超出了经济范畴,涵盖了许多其他领域,包括个人的生活和健康。除了对身体的直接伤害和健康风险外,病毒的广泛传播和为遏制病毒而实施的封锁措施也对人们的心理健康造成了影响。本研究采用定性研究方法,对大量文献和张颖飞等人的问卷调查数据进行分析。其目的是调查 COVID-19 疫情对心理健康的影响。它调查分析了疫情期间与心理困扰相关的常见要素,包括年龄、性别和受教育程度,以深入了解这些因素与人们心理健康状况之间的相关性以及疫情对人们心理的影响。研究表明,COVID-19 疫情不仅给人们带来了焦虑和抑郁,也造成了巨大的心理压力,心理脆弱者甚至患上了创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)。受 COVID-19 影响的人们心理健康的主要因素是年龄和受教育程度,而性别差异对其影响相对较小。为了更好地解决这一问题,建议政府加大对心理健康的投入,加强心理健康教育,帮助人们学会如何应对压力和焦虑,帮助受疫情影响的人群尽快走出心理困境。
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引用次数: 0
An Analysis of Students’ Perspectives on the Implementation of Group Work in English Learning Process 学生对英语学习过程中实施小组合作的看法分析
Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-74
Hasanuddin Fatsah, Amna Meilan Mohi, Ashrafiany Ashrafiany
This research investigated the perspectives of students on the implementation of group work in English learning process associated with five basic principles that facilitate group work, a theory by Johnson and Johnson (2009). The qualitative method was used to construct this research through the interview as the main technique and documentation to support the research data. This research was conducted in SMK Negeri 1 Marisa at the second-grade students. As a result, researcher found that (1). All participants showed a positive response associated with positive interdependence, in a sense of responsibility was emphasized. (2). The second basic principle that must exist is simultaneous interaction, which is related to the interactions of students, and the quality of their interactions. Related to this, there was a negative response from students on how the students were divided into groups. (3). Students gave quite positive responses related to the third basic principle, individual accountability, which is about the contribution of each student in the group. (4). The majority of students know how to act in groups, giving skills to students must be done and trained to be applied consistently. (5). Teachers need to consistently provide instructions, monitor the learning process, and evaluate it at the end of class. Investigating student perspectives regarding a strategy or a method implemented by the teacher in the teaching and learning process is something that needs to be done. By not ignoring students' opinions or perspectives, the teaching and learning process will take place more optimally.
本研究根据 Johnson 和 Johnson(2009 年)提出的促进小组合作的五项基本原则,调查了学生对英语学习过程中实施小组合作的看法。本研究采用定性方法,以访谈为主要技巧,并通过文献资料来支持研究数据。本研究在玛莉萨第一小学(SMK Negeri 1 Marisa)的二年级学生中进行。结果,研究人员发现:(1).所有参与者都对积极的相互依存关系做出了积极回应,强调了责任感。(2).第二个必须存在的基本原则是同时互动,这与学生的互动以及互动的质量有关。与此相关的是,学生对如何将学生分成小组持否定态度。(3).对于第三项基本原则,即个人责任制,学生给出了相当积极的回应,这与小组中每个学生的贡献有关。(4).大多数学生都知道如何在小组中行动,但必须对学生进行技能培训,使他们能够始终如一地运用技能。(5).教师需要坚持不懈地提供指导,监控学习过程,并在课堂结束时进行评价。调查学生对教师在教学过程中实施的策略或方法的看法是必须要做的事情。不忽视学生的意见或观点,教学过程就会更加优化。
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引用次数: 0
Factors Affecting the Low Interest in Using QRIS As a Non- Cash Payment Method 影响使用 QRIS 作为非现金支付方式兴趣不高的因素
Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-78
Oid, Kadek Ayu, Alit Suparti, Gusti Ayu Made Srinadi, Desak Putu, Eka Nilakusmawati
In the modern era, advancing technology plays a crucial role in simplifying human activities, with the non-cash payment system being a significant development in digital transactions. The objective of this research is to identify the factors influencing the low interest in the use of QRIS as a non-cash payment method among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) participants in Pesinggahan Village. The sampling technique used a census with a sample size of 200 and 17 variables. Based on the result and discussion of factor analysis, four factors influencing the low interest of MSME players in Pesinggahan Village in adopting QRIS as a non-cash payment method were identified. These four factors include the trust in the effectiveness of QRIS, the capability factor of MSME players, the ease of QRIS usage factor, and the security and convenience factor for customers.
在现代社会,不断进步的技术在简化人类活动方面发挥着至关重要的作用,而非现金支付系统则是数字交易中的一项重要发展。本研究旨在确定影响 Pesinggahan 村中小微型企业(MSME)参与者对使用 QRIS 作为非现金支付方式兴趣不高的因素。抽样技术采用人口普查,样本量为 200 个,变量为 17 个。根据因素分析的结果和讨论,确定了影响 Pesinggahan 村中小微企业参与者对采用 QRIS 作为非现金支付方式兴趣不高的四个因素。这四个因素包括对 QRIS 有效性的信任、中小微企业的能力因素、QRIS 的易用性因素以及客户的安全性和便利性因素。
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引用次数: 0
The Value of Family Resilience in Analyzing the Impact of the Pacu Jalur Tradition from a Maqasid Syariah Perspective 从伊斯兰教法角度分析帕库贾卢尔传统影响时家庭复原力的价值
Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-72
Juswandi Juswandi, Munzir Hitami, Amrul Muzan, Zulfa,Zulfa Zulfa,Zulfa
The value of family resilience has shifted as a result of the track racing tradition in Kuantan Singgigi district. This can be seen from the high divorce rate in this district. This problem is an important thing that occurs in the Kuantan Singinggi district. The aim of this research is to describe the value of family resilience in analyzing the impact of the path-racing tradition from a Maqasid Syariah perspective. This research method is qualitative research with data collection techniques by conducting observations in various sub-districts of Kuantan Singingi district which experience the impact of the track racing tradition. Then interviews were conducted with families who experienced divorce due to the impact of the track racing tradition and documentation studies were carried out on families whose families still survived. The data analysis technique is carried out by reducing data, sorting and selecting data that is in accordance with the value of family resilience in analyzing the impact of the path-racing tradition from the Maqasid Syariah perspective. The results of this research show that the value of family resilience has shifted when viewed in the analysis of the impact of the trail racing tradition in Kuantan Singgingi Regency. The value of family resilience has turned into a high divorce rate in the Kuantan Singgingi community. This is seen from the Maqasid Syariah perspective that there are 14 values of family resilience that can be implemented so that family resilience can be maintained from the impact of the path racing tradition. The 14 values of resilience in the Maqasid Syariah perspective are as follows: (1). Good understanding of religion, (2). Responsibility, (3). cooperation, (4). similarity or suitability of character, (5). mutual trust, (6). accept each other, (7). intense communication, (8). readiness of both partners. (9). Appreciation and affection (10) Positive communication, (11). Commitment to family (12). Comfort when spending time together (13). Mental well-being based on spirituality; and (14). The ability of family members to deal with stress and crises or problems effectively.
关丹新吉吉地区的赛马传统改变了家庭复原力的价值。这可以从该地区的高离婚率中看出。这个问题是关丹新吉区出现的一个重要问题。本研究的目的是从伊斯兰教法(Maqasid Syariah)的角度分析路径竞赛传统的影响,描述家庭复原力的价值。本研究采用定性研究的方法,通过在关丹新吉区的各个分区进行观察来收集数据,这些分区都经历过赛马传统的影响。然后,对受赛马传统影响而离婚的家庭进行访谈,并对仍然幸存的家庭进行文献研究。在从伊斯兰教法的角度分析赛马传统的影响时,数据分析技术是通过减少数据、分类和选择符合家庭复原力价值的数据来进行的。研究结果表明,在分析关丹新景地区赛马传统的影响时,家庭复原力的价值发生了转变。在关丹新景地区,家庭复原力的价值已转化为高离婚率。从伊斯兰教法的角度来看,有 14 项家庭复原力价值观可以实施,从而使家庭复原力不受赛马传统的影响。从伊斯兰教法的角度来看,这 14 项恢复力价值观如下:(1).对宗教的良好理解,(2).责任感,(3).合作,(4).性格相似或合适,(5).相互信任,(6).接受对方,(7).强烈的沟通,(8).伴侣双方的准备。(9).欣赏和爱慕 (10) 积极沟通 (11).对家庭的承诺 (12).共处时的舒适感 (13).基于精神信仰的心理健康;以及 (14).家庭成员有效处理压力和危机或问题的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Chatgpt Usage in Academia: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and use of Technology with Herd Behavior 学术界的聊天软件使用:用群体行为扩展接受和使用技术的统一理论
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-69
Korankye Benard, Kimena Moses, Shmetkova Arina, Ansah Jackson, Odai Afotey Leslie
This paper is motivated by the widespread availability and usage of AI technology such as ChatGPT in academia. The study adopted the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), herd behavior, and a mediator (website familiarity) to demonstrate behavioral intention to use ChatGPT among university students. A total of 202 valid sample sizes were used, all of which have access to ChatGPT. The structural equation model analysis's outcome indicates that performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and imitating others positively affected behavioral intention to use ChatGPT. However, effort expectancy and discounting one's own information did not have a significant effect. Additionally, website familiarity mediated the relationship between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence but did not mediate the relationship between facilitating conditions and intention to use ChatGPT, respectively. The study suggests AI developers should ensure they offer technologies that can perform and possess the required features that aid users in adopting AI technologies.
本文的研究动机是人工智能技术(如 ChatGPT)在学术界的广泛普及和使用。研究采用技术接受和使用统一理论(UTAUT)、从众行为和中介因素(网站熟悉度)来证明大学生使用 ChatGPT 的行为意向。共使用了 202 个有效样本量,所有样本都可以访问 ChatGPT。结构方程模型分析结果表明,绩效预期、社会影响、便利条件和模仿他人对使用 ChatGPT 的行为意向有积极影响。然而,努力预期和对自身信息的折扣没有显著影响。此外,网站熟悉程度分别调解了绩效预期、努力预期和社会影响之间的关系,但没有调解便利条件和使用 ChatGPT 的意愿之间的关系。该研究建议,人工智能开发人员应确保他们提供的技术能够执行并具备所需的功能,以帮助用户采用人工智能技术。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Flood Disaster Resilience in Kroya District Indonesia Year 2024 印度尼西亚克罗亚县 2024 年洪灾抗灾能力分析
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-70
Agung Nugroho, Nurhadi Nurhadi, Rita Noviani
This research was conducted to analyze the level of flood disaster resilience in Kroya District, Cilacap Regency in 2024 at the household level. This writing was designed as a qualitative and quantitative research model with case studies to determine how adaptation efforts function to reduce the level of vulnerability. So it is expected that there will be a difference between current vulnerabilities and future vulnerabilities. This difference is called resilience, which in this study will be explained at the household level. This research used a survey approach to obtain data from the people of Bunju Village and Mujur Village in Kroya District, Cilacap Regency. The results of the research show that the average resilience level results of Buntu Village and Mujur Village are categorized as high resilience, Buntu Village with a resilience level value of 0.695 (research value conversion) and Mujur Village with a resilience level value of 0.721 (research value conversion). So it can be concluded that the people of these two areas are ready to face the danger of a flood disaster if it occurs.
本研究旨在分析 2024 年西拉卡普行政区克洛亚地区家庭层面的洪灾抗灾能力水平。本文设计了一个定性和定量研究模型,通过案例研究来确定适应工作如何发挥降低脆弱性水平的作用。因此,预计当前的脆弱性与未来的脆弱性之间将存在差异。这种差异被称为抗灾能力,本研究将从家庭层面对其进行解释。本研究采用调查方法,从西拉卡普行政区克罗亚县的 Bunju 村和 Mujur 村的居民那里获取数据。研究结果表明,邦图村和穆居尔村的平均抗灾能力水平结果被归类为高抗灾能力,邦图村的抗灾能力水平值为 0.695(研究值换算),穆居尔村的抗灾能力水平值为 0.721(研究值换算)。因此可以得出结论,如果洪水灾害发生,这两个地区的人们已经做好了面对洪水灾害危险的准备。
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引用次数: 0
Legal Certainty of Payment of Receivers' Fees in the Event That Bankruptcy is canceled by the Court 在法院取消破产的情况下支付破产管理人费用的法律确定性
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-68
Felicia Situmorang, Imam Haryanto, Muthia Sakti
This research examines the implementation of payment of curatorial services in the event of annulment by the Court of the Supreme Court Decision. This study also describes the legal certainty of payment of curatorial fees from the side of the curator, debtor and creditor. Normative research is research that refers to legal norms contained in legislation and court decisions. The author uses the 1945 Constitution, Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations, Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia Number 18 of 2021 concerning Guidelines for Fees for Curator and Management Services. The results of this study are that the payment of curatorial services in the event that it is canceled by the Court on the Supreme Court Decision has been regulated in the Applicable Laws that regarding curatorial fees has been regulated in Law No. 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations and in Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia Number 18 of 2021 concerning Guidelines for Service Fees for Curators and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations as a technical regulation governing curatorial fees. In practice, it is the Panel of Judges that determines the amount of the curator's fee after the application for the determination of the curator's fee is submitted by the Curator to the Court.
本研究探讨了在最高法院判决无效的情况下支付策展服务费的执行情况。本研究还从策展人、债务人和债权人的角度阐述了支付策展费的法律确定性。规范研究是指对立法和法院判决中包含的法律规范进行的研究。作者使用了 1945 年《宪法》、印度尼西亚共和国 2004 年第 37 号《关于破产和暂停偿债义务的法律》、印度尼西亚共和国法律和人权部长 2021 年第 18 号《关于馆长和管理服务费准则的条例》。这项研究的结果表明,在法院根据最高法院裁决取消馆长服务的情况下,馆长服务费的支付问题已在适用法律中做出规定,2004 年第 37 号法律《破产和中止债务支付义务法》和 2021 年第 18 号印度尼西亚共和国法律和人权部长条例《馆长服务费和中止债务支付义务准则》中对馆长服务费做出了规定,作为管理馆长服务费的技术性法规。在实践中,策展人向法院提交确定策展人费用的申请后,由法官小组确定策展人费用的数额。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Social Science and Human Research
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