Materials Today Sustainability最新文献_第6页

Comprehensive insights into agro-industrial waste-derived bacterial cellulose advancing green technologies across industries 对农业工业废物衍生细菌纤维素的全面见解推动了各行各业的绿色技术

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101274

Kashif Rasool

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a high-performance bio-derived material with growing relevance to circular manufacturing in environmental remediation, biodegradable, compostable packaging, biomedical scaffolds, and wearable/flexible electronics. Unlike petroleum plastics and even many plant-cellulose derivatives, BC is secreted as an ultra-pure (>99 %) nanoscale fibrillar network of 20–100 nm size with high crystallinity, tensile strength on the order of 200–400 MPa, tunable porosity, and intrinsic biocompatibility. This review consolidates advances in: (i) CRISPR/base-editing and programmable promoter engineering to boost yield and embed functionality in situ; (ii) intensified and hybrid reactor concepts that overcome oxygen-transfer and shear limitations; and (iii) AI-/ML-guided fermentation control, which is already demonstrating 20–25 % cost reduction through optimized media, pH control, and aeration. A central theme is the use of agro-industrial residues like fruit peels, whey, distillery/winery effluent, bagasse as carbon sources to displace refined sugars, reduce waste management burdens, and close material loops within a circular biorefinery model. We critically evaluate BC composite systems (e.g., MXene/BC electrodes, antimicrobial wound dressings, high-barrier bioplastic films) and identify barriers to scale, including inhibitor carryover from waste feedstocks, fouling, water-vapor transmission rate, phenolic coloration, and clinical regulatory constraints. Finally, we propose a translational roadmap built on data-rich bioreactors, modular waste-to-value integration, and application-specific surface functionalization to accelerate industrial deployment of BC as a next-generation sustainable material.

细菌纤维素（BC）是一种高性能的生物衍生材料，在环境修复、可生物降解、可堆肥包装、生物医学支架和可穿戴/柔性电子产品的循环制造中具有越来越重要的意义。与石油塑料和许多植物纤维素衍生物不同，BC是一种超纯（>99 %）纳米级纤维网络，尺寸为20-100 nm，结晶度高，抗拉强度在200-400 MPa量级，孔隙率可调，具有内在的生物相容性。本文综述了以下方面的进展：(i) CRISPR/碱基编辑和可编程启动子工程，以提高产量和原位嵌入功能；克服氧传递和剪切限制的强化和混合反应器概念；（iii） AI / ml引导的发酵控制，通过优化培养基、pH控制和曝气，已经证明成本降低了20-25 %。一个中心主题是利用果皮、乳清、酿酒厂/酒厂废水、甘蔗渣等农业工业残留物作为碳源来取代精制糖，减轻废物管理负担，并在循环生物炼制模式内实现物质循环。我们批判性地评估了BC复合系统（例如，MXene/BC电极、抗菌伤口敷料、高屏障生物塑料薄膜），并确定了阻垢障碍，包括废物原料的抑制剂携带、污染、水蒸气透过率、酚类着色和临床监管限制。最后，我们提出了一个基于数据丰富的生物反应器、模块化废物到价值集成和特定应用表面功能化的转化路线图，以加速BC作为下一代可持续材料的工业部署。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in polyurethane biodegradation integrating chemistry, microbial mechanism, and computational approaches 聚氨酯生物降解综合化学、微生物机制和计算方法的研究进展

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101267

Pragya Sahu , Juhi Saini , Ritu Raval , Chuxia Lin , Subbalaxmi Selvaraj

A condensation reaction between an isocyanate and polyols produces a synthetic polymer, polyurethane (PU). Owing to its complex chemical framework, PU is highly recalcitrant. This plastic type consists of hard and soft segments in its structure, which critically influence its mechanical properties and functional versatility. Its inherent structural complexity and resistance to degradation have created significant challenges in its end-of-life management, contributing to persistent plastic pollution. In recent years, microbial-mediated enzymatic degradation has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional waste treatment and disposal strategies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of PU biodegradation, outlining the polymer's chemistry, the role of microbial communities and their associated enzymes, and emerging insights from metabolic pathway analysis to molecular-based metagenomic studies. Standardized testing methods and analytical techniques are evaluated along with physicochemical and environmental factors that influence degradation. Recent innovations like the development of engineered microbial consortia, enzyme optimization strategies, pre-treatment methods, and bio-based formulations collectively advance PU biodegradation and support sustainable material valorisation. In silico approaches, such as machine learning and computational studies, are highlighted for their potential to predict degradation efficiency and guide experimental design. By integrating insights from polymer science, microbial ecology, and computational biology, this review identifies critical challenges and outlines future directions towards developing scalable, eco-efficient solutions for PU waste management and circular material recovery.

异氰酸酯和多元醇之间的缩合反应产生合成聚合物聚氨酯（PU）。由于其复杂的化学结构，聚氨酯具有很强的顽固性。这种塑料类型由其结构中的硬段和软段组成，这严重影响其机械性能和功能的多功能性。其固有的结构复杂性和抗降解性给其报废管理带来了重大挑战，导致了持续的塑料污染。近年来，微生物介导的酶降解已成为传统废物处理和处置策略的一个有希望的替代方案。这篇综述提供了PU生物降解的全面概述，概述了聚合物的化学，微生物群落及其相关酶的作用，以及从代谢途径分析到基于分子的宏基因组研究的新见解。标准化的测试方法和分析技术与影响降解的物理化学和环境因素一起进行评估。最近的创新，如工程微生物联盟、酶优化策略、预处理方法和生物基配方的发展，共同推进了PU的生物降解，并支持可持续的材料增值。计算机方法，如机器学习和计算研究，因其预测降解效率和指导实验设计的潜力而受到重视。通过整合聚合物科学、微生物生态学和计算生物学的见解，本综述确定了关键挑战，并概述了开发可扩展的、生态高效的PU废物管理和循环材料回收解决方案的未来方向。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of work function cathode on performance and stability of organic solar cells with non-fullerene interlayers 功函数阴极对非富勒烯夹层有机太阳能电池性能和稳定性的影响

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101254

Yeongsu Jo , So-yeon Ju , Seungyeon Hong , Gyeong Cheon Choi , Hyo Jung Kim , Hyung Woo Lee , Hui-Seon Kim , Ji-Youn Seo

Recently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) has been reported over 19 % due to the development of novel electron donor polymers and acceptor molecules such as PM6:Y6. In addition, cathode interlayers (CILs) based on non-fullerene structure (e.g., PNDIT-F3NBr and PDINN) have been employed in conventional OSCs to facilitate charge transfer from the active layer to electrode. However, metal electrodes for cathode contact have received relatively little attention and the role of the CIL/metal interface has been barely investigated in OSCs. While conventional OSCs generally adopt a low work function cathode (e.g., silver and aluminum) for an ideal energy positioning near the LUMO of the active material, in this study, gold (Au) with a high work function is utilized as the top electrode, which is rarely explored, resulting in a high open circuit voltage of 0.853 V and PCE of 14 % based on a device structure with ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PM6:Y6/PNDIT-F3N-Br/Au. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) reveal a significant upward shift of the apparent work function of Au (ΔΦ_Au > 1.0 eV) at the CIL/Au interface, leading to a suitable energy level alignment for charge extraction and efficient device operation. On the other hand, Au diffusion into the PM6:Y6 active blend results in poor long-term stability of OSCs, as evidenced by grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) and impedance spectroscopy (IS).

近年来，由于新型电子给体聚合物和受体分子如PM6:Y6的发展，有机太阳能电池（OSCs）的功率转换效率（PCE）已超过19% %。此外，基于非富勒烯结构的阴极中间层（CILs）（例如PNDIT-F3NBr和PDINN）已被用于传统的OSCs中，以促进电荷从活性层转移到电极。然而，金属电极作为阴极接触电极受到的关注相对较少，并且对金属界面的作用几乎没有研究。传统的OSCs通常采用低功函数阴极（如银和铝）来实现在活性材料LUMO附近的理想能量定位，而在本研究中，采用具有高功函数的金（Au）作为顶电极，很少进行探索，基于ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PM6:Y6/PNDIT-F3N-Br/Au的器件结构，获得了0.853 V的高开路电压和14 %的PCE。x射线光电子能谱（XPS）和紫外光电子能谱（UPS）显示，在CIL/Au界面处，Au的视在功函数（ΔΦAu > 1.0 eV）明显向上移动，导致合适的能级对准，从而实现电荷提取和高效的器件运行。另一方面，Au在PM6:Y6活性混合物中的扩散导致osc的长期稳定性较差，掠入射广角x射线散射（GIWAXS）和阻抗谱（IS）证明了这一点。

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引用次数: 0

Application of cashew nut shell liquid as a green oilfield chemical: A state-of-the-art review 腰果壳液作为绿色油田化学品的应用研究进展

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101268

Ashokkumar Veeramanoharan , Seok-Chan Kim , Giseong Lee

The oilfield industry faces significant challenges, such as high raw material costs and negative environmental impacts due to the widespread use of synthetic oilfield chemicals sourced from petrochemicals. The reliance on environmentally hazardous synthetic oilfield chemicals contributes to severe global issues, including carbon emissions, global warming, and climate change, posing potential threats. Therefore, ongoing research is increasingly directed toward the development of oilfield chemicals derived from natural sources, particularly plant-based extracts—an approach commonly known as "green oilfield chemicals." Among these, cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), a key plant-derived material and low-cost byproduct of the cashew industry, has emerged as a promising and economically viable alternative to conventional feedstocks. So far, numerous chemicals and value-added products have been generated from CNSL, establishing its applications across various industries. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in CNSL-based oilfield applications, including fuel, crude oil-water emulsions, emulsifiers and demulsifiers, flow improvers for waxy crude oil, corrosion inhibitors, lubricants, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), surfactants and foaming agents, with an emphasis on chemical structure–function relationships. We further present a comparative life-cycle assessment (LCA) of CNSL-based versus conventional oilfield chemicals, highlighting their potential environmental and sustainability benefits. Finally, we discuss market trends in green energy, technological opportunities, challenges, and future research directions aimed at improving reproducibility, scalability, and industrial adoption of CNSL-based additives. By integrating chemical, environmental, and economic perspectives, this review offers a forward-looking roadmap for the advancement of bio-based materials in the oilfield industry.

油田行业面临着巨大的挑战，例如原材料成本高，以及由于广泛使用来自石化产品的合成油田化学品而对环境造成的负面影响。对对环境有害的合成油田化学品的依赖导致了严重的全球问题，包括碳排放、全球变暖和气候变化，构成了潜在的威胁。因此，正在进行的研究越来越多地转向开发天然来源的油田化学品，特别是基于植物的提取物，这种方法通常被称为“绿色油田化学品”。其中，腰果壳液（CNSL）是腰果工业的一种重要植物源材料和低成本副产品，已成为一种有前景且经济可行的传统原料替代品。到目前为止，CNSL已经产生了许多化学品和增值产品，建立了它在各个行业的应用。本文综述了cnsl在油田应用中的最新进展，包括燃料、原油-水乳液、乳化剂和破乳剂、含蜡原油流动改进剂、缓蚀剂、润滑剂、提高采收率（EOR）、表面活性剂和发泡剂，重点介绍了化学结构-功能关系。我们进一步提出了cnsl与传统油田化学品的生命周期评估（LCA）比较，强调了它们潜在的环境和可持续发展效益。最后，我们讨论了绿色能源的市场趋势、技术机遇、挑战和未来的研究方向，旨在提高cnsl添加剂的可重复性、可扩展性和工业应用。从化学、环境和经济的角度出发，为生物基材料在油田工业中的发展提供了前瞻性的路线图。

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引用次数: 0

3D printing piezoelectric materials: Innovations, challenges, and future perspectives 3D打印压电材料：创新、挑战和未来展望

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101257

Guanyi Gong , Yue You , Huajun Shen , Milad Laghaei , Yichao Wang , Yongxiang Li

Additive manufacturing (AM) is becoming an important route for creating piezoelectric materials and devices with application-driven geometries, spatially programmed functionality, and compatibility with flexible or wearable platforms. Recent progress has extended AM from simple polymer sensors to ceramic, polymer, and ceramic–polymer composite systems based on jetting, liquid resin–based printing (SLA, DLP, CLIP), extrusion or direct ink writing (DIW), powder-based processes, and emerging multi-material platforms. A central viewpoint of this review is that the electromechanical performance of 3D printed piezoelectrics depends on both the intrinsic material system (such as PZT, BTO, KNN, PVDF and PVDF-TrFE) and the way AM process parameters shape the microstructure through ink or feedstock formulation, printable feature size, curing or sintering depth, layer adhesion, and poling conditions. By organising the literature along this process–structure–property chain, different AM process can be compared on the same basis. Liquid resin–based and DIW methods at present provide the most practical balance between tens-of-micrometres resolution, shape fidelity, and compatibility with ceramic-filled or PVDF-based inks. Jetting and aerosol-jet printing are well suited to patterned thin active layers but remain highly sensitive to ink formulation. Powder-based processes still need better densification control to reach high d₃₃ lead-free ceramics. AM-oriented structural designs, including multilayer stacks, porosity-graded or multiphase lattices, and compliant substrates, can improve sensitivity, durability, and energy harvesting efficiency by matching mechanical impedance and promoting dipole alignment. Remaining challenges include printable high solid loading lead-free systems, stable dispersion and interfacial adhesion at low temperatures, predictive models that link print paths to poling response, and the absence of standardized benchmarking across AM platforms. The integration of data-driven optimization and in situ monitoring with this AM process is identified as an effective way to shorten the ink-to-device iteration cycle and to deliver reproducible, application-specific 3D printed piezoelectric devices.

增材制造（AM）正在成为制造具有应用驱动几何形状、空间编程功能以及与柔性或可穿戴平台兼容的压电材料和器件的重要途径。最近的进展已经将增材制造从简单的聚合物传感器扩展到陶瓷、聚合物和陶瓷-聚合物复合系统，这些系统基于喷射、基于液体树脂的印刷（SLA、DLP、CLIP）、挤出或直接墨水书写（DIW）、基于粉末的工艺和新兴的多材料平台。本综述的中心观点是，3D打印压电材料的机电性能取决于固有材料系统（如PZT、BTO、KNN、PVDF和PVDF- trfe）以及增材制造工艺参数通过墨水或原料配方、可打印特征尺寸、固化或烧结深度、层粘结力和极化条件来塑造微观结构的方式。通过沿着这个过程-结构-属性链组织文献，可以在相同的基础上比较不同的AM过程。目前，基于液体树脂和DIW的方法在几十微米分辨率、形状保真度和与陶瓷填充或pvdf基油墨的兼容性之间提供了最实用的平衡。喷射和气溶胶喷射印刷非常适合于有图案的薄活性层，但对油墨配方仍然高度敏感。粉末工艺仍需要更好的致密化控制，以达到高d33无铅陶瓷。面向am的结构设计，包括多层堆叠、孔隙度梯度或多相晶格以及柔性衬底，可以通过匹配机械阻抗和促进偶极子排列来提高灵敏度、耐久性和能量收集效率。其余的挑战包括可打印的高固体负载无铅系统，低温下稳定的分散和界面粘附，将打印路径与极点响应联系起来的预测模型，以及缺乏跨增材制造平台的标准化基准。数据驱动优化和现场监测与AM工艺的集成被认为是缩短油墨到器件迭代周期和提供可重复的、特定应用的3D打印压电器件的有效方法。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Cobalt intercalated redox active 1,2,4,5-benzene-tetra-carboxylic acidpyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid bi-linker organic framework for state-of-the-art battery-supercapacitor hybrids” [Mater. Today Sustain. 21 (2023) 100286] 最新电池-超级电容器杂化物的钴插层氧化还原活性1,2,4,5-苯-四羧酸吡啶-3,5-二羧酸双链接有机框架的勘误今日维持。21 (2023)100286]

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101197

Muhammad Zahir Iqbal , Muhammad Waqas Khan , Misbah Shaheen , Salma Siddique , Sikandar Aftab , Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur , Shahzad Sharif

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Investigating the catalytic and antibacterial behavior of cesium-doped MoO3 nanostructures against methylene blue dye and MDR E. coli with DFT analysis” [Mater. Today Sustain., 28(2024) 101031] “用DFT分析研究铯掺杂MoO3纳米结构对亚甲基蓝染料和MDR大肠杆菌的催化和抗菌行为”[Mater.]的更正。今天维持。， 28(2024) 101031]

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101270

Muhammad Ikram , Ali Haider , Muhammad Bilal , Anwar Ul-Hamid , Souraya Goumri-Said , Mohammed Benali Kanoun , El Sayed Yousef , Salamat Ali

引用次数: 0

A critical review of new advancements in HF-RTSA CO2 capture 对HF-RTSA CO2捕集新进展的评述

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101262

Hamid Reza Azizi, Seyedeh Hosna Talebian, Sara Masoumi

On the path to achieving the net-zero carbon targets while meeting growing global energy demand, the development of efficient CO₂ capture strategies is crucial for a smoother transition to a low-carbon economy. Among existing capture technologies, Rapid Temperature Swing Adsorption (RTSA) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional solvent-based processes, reducing regeneration energy penalties. In particular, polymeric hollow fiber modules have attracted significant attention as advanced RTSA platforms, owning to their high surface area-to-volume ratio, efficient thermal management, and lower pressure drops compared to traditional packed-bed systems. This review comprehensively examines recent advancements in hollow fiber-based RTSA for CO₂capture, focusing on technological developments, polymeric structures, novel adsorbents, and innovative module designs. Special attention is given to the effects of impurity gases, adsorbent stability, and the optimization of hollow fiber configurations to enhance overall performance. The review also emphasizes HF-RTSA's potential to deliver cost-effective and energy-efficient CO₂ capture solutions at industrial scale.

在实现净零碳排放目标、同时满足日益增长的全球能源需求的道路上，制定有效的二氧化碳捕集战略对于向低碳经济的平稳过渡至关重要。在现有的捕集技术中，快速变温吸附（RTSA）已经成为传统溶剂基捕集技术的一个有希望的替代方案，减少了再生能源的损失。特别是，聚合物中空纤维模块作为先进的RTSA平台，与传统的填充床系统相比，具有高表面积体积比、高效的热管理和更低的压降，引起了人们的广泛关注。本文全面研究了用于二氧化碳捕获的中空纤维RTSA的最新进展，重点关注技术发展、聚合物结构、新型吸附剂和创新模块设计。特别注意杂质气体的影响，吸附剂的稳定性，以及中空纤维结构的优化，以提高整体性能。该评估还强调了HF-RTSA在工业规模上提供具有成本效益和节能的二氧化碳捕获解决方案的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Soft-template synthesis of oxygen vacancy-rich mesoporous SnO2 for efficient CO2 electroreduction to formate 富氧空穴介孔SnO2的软模板合成及高效CO2电还原生成

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101258

Jumaa A. Aseeri , Mabrook S. Amer , Kuo-Wei Huang , Abdullah M. Al-Mayouf

Materials with ordered mesopores are attracting considerable interest due to their extraordinary efficacy in energy storage and conversion systems, particularly in electrocatalysis, which can be attributed to their extensive surface areas and adjustable porosity. Here, we present a rational design and synthesis of a novel ordered mesoporous SnO₂ (OMS-SnO₂) electrocatalyst utilizing the soft-template sol-gel method using Pluronic F127 as a structure-directing agent and trimethylbenzene (TMB) as a chelating agent. The OMS-SnO₂ produced has a remarkably high surface area of 230.84 m²/g, with uniform mesopores averaging 4.17 nm and a significant density of oxygen vacancies. Using a gas-fed flow cell setup, OMS-SnO₂ shows exceptional selectivity for formate synthesis and electrocatalytic activity. With an applied potential of −1.2 V vs. RHE, the catalyst exhibits outstanding intrinsic activity, achieving a high partial current density of −119.40 mA cm⁻³ for formate. Moreover, at – 0.8 V vs. RHE, it achieves an impressive Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 91.66 % for formate, indicating highly selective two-electron reduction of CO₂. The system achieves a rate of formate of 1392.71 mg L⁻¹h¹, among the highest reported under similar reaction conditions, while maintaining a high cathodic energy efficiency (CEE) of 64.57 % and TOF (∼1600 h⁻¹). These results underscore the crucial role of mesoporosity and defect engineering in boosting CO₂ electroreduction performance.

具有有序介孔的材料由于其在能量存储和转换系统，特别是电催化方面的非凡功效而引起了人们的极大兴趣，这可归因于其广泛的表面积和可调节的孔隙率。本文以Pluronic F127为结构导向剂，三甲基苯（TMB）为螯合剂，采用软模板溶胶-凝胶法，合理设计和合成了一种新型有序介孔SnO2 （OMS-SnO2）电催化剂。制备的OMS-SnO2具有230.84 m2/g的高表面积，均匀的介孔平均为4.17 nm，氧空位密度显著。使用气供流动电池装置，OMS-SnO2表现出优异的甲酸合成选择性和电催化活性。该催化剂的应用电位为- 1.2 V vs. RHE，表现出出色的本禀活性，甲酸酯的分电流密度为- 119.40 mA cm−3。此外，在- 0.8 V vs. RHE下，它对甲酸酯的法拉第效率（FE）达到了令人印象深刻的91.66 %，表明CO2具有高选择性的双电子还原。该体系的甲酸速率为1392.71 mg L−1h1，是类似反应条件下报道的最高速率之一，同时保持了64.57 %的高阴极能量效率（CEE）和约1600 h−1的TOF。这些结果强调了介孔和缺陷工程在提高CO2电还原性能中的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Treatment and utilization of chromium-tanned leather waste for energy materials as an alternative approach to current energy technologies: a review 铬鞣皮革废料作为替代能源技术的能源材料的处理和利用：综述

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101266

Ahmad Reshad Delawary , Fahanwi Asabuwa Ngwabebhoh , Viera Pechancova , Tomas Saha , Petr Saha

The textile and footwear industries generate over 1.2 million tons of chromium-tanned leather waste annually, posing severe environmental and health risks due to the presence of toxic Cr(III) and Cr(VI) compounds. This review critically evaluates current treatment technologies and valorization strategies for repurposing this waste into high-performance energy materials. Although leather waste contains up to 50–60 % organic content and 3–5 % chromium, its potential as a carbon-rich precursor remains underexplored. This review is the first to comprehensively address its application in energy systems, with a focus on electrochemical performance, specific surface area (ranging from 300 to 1200 m²/g in modified carbonized materials), and environmental impact mitigation. Promising approaches include hybridization with carbonized biomass, metal oxides, and conductive polymers, resulting in materials suitable for supercapacitors, batteries, fuel, and solar cells. Life-cycle assessment (LCA) studies show up to 30 % reduction in environmental footprint compared to conventional synthetic materials. Despite these advances, challenges remain in scaling laboratory successes to industrial production. The review concludes that while significant strides have been made, further research is needed to optimize material properties, improve process economics, and fully integrate LCA into development pipelines to support sustainable, large-scale implementation of leather waste-derived energy materials.

纺织和制鞋业每年产生120多万吨铬鞣皮革废料，由于存在有毒的铬（III）和铬（VI）化合物，造成严重的环境和健康风险。这篇综述批判性地评估了当前的处理技术和将这种废物重新利用为高性能能源材料的增值策略。虽然皮革废料含有高达50 - 60% %的有机含量和3-5 %的铬，但其作为富碳前体的潜力仍未得到充分开发。这篇综述是第一次全面讨论其在能源系统中的应用，重点是电化学性能、比表面积（在改性碳化材料中从300到1200 m2/g）和环境影响缓解。有前途的方法包括与碳化生物质、金属氧化物和导电聚合物杂交，从而产生适用于超级电容器、电池、燃料和太阳能电池的材料。生命周期评估（LCA）研究表明，与传统合成材料相比，环境足迹减少了30% %。尽管取得了这些进展，但在将实验室的成功推广到工业生产方面仍然存在挑战。该综述的结论是，虽然已经取得了重大进展，但仍需要进一步研究以优化材料性能，提高工艺经济性，并将LCA完全整合到开发管道中，以支持可持续的、大规模实施皮革废物衍生能源材料。

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引用次数: 0