Materials Today Sustainability最新文献_第3页

Towards efficient production and application of bacterial cellulose: the progress from conventional to advanced production 细菌纤维素的高效生产与应用：从传统生产到先进生产的进展

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101299

Xiao Wang , Wai Yan Cheah , Sirasit Srinuanpan , Eng-Poh Ng , Joon Ching Juan , Tau Chuan Ling

Bacterial cellulose is a water-insoluble polysaccharide, and is gaining increasing attention for its high purity and ultra-fine network structure. It has been widely used in food, biomedicine, and many other industries. However, low microbial productivity and high fermentation bioreactor costs primarily limit its production and application. It could be the limited efficient breeding of high-yielding strains and the understanding of its biosynthesis mechanism. Metabolic engineering and genetic engineering reveal the molecular structure of bacterial cellulose-specific, and its molecular theories for biosynthesis in vivo, transport and supramolecular assembly in vitro. The high-yield strains, and the bacterial cellulose of structural and functional performance, can be regulated by effective breeding, genetics, metabolism modifications. Owing to recent progress in genomics and metabolism, different bacterial strains are designed by overexpression or knockdown, for both increasing its productivity and improving key properties such as mechanical strength and thermal stability. This review comprehensively evaluates the breeding methods of bacterial cells, and how biosynthesis, regulation, and application are governed at the molecular scale. It further discusses the bottlenecks of its production, both by analyzing the characteristics of high-yield strains and combining traditional methods with genetic engineering to regulate its biosynthesis and secretion. Overall, this review provides an updated and clear understanding of the bacterial cellulose synthesis network for production and modification, and it provides valuable ideas for continuous bacterial cellulose-related research and ultimately for its effective production.

细菌纤维素是一种不溶于水的多糖，因其高纯度和超细的网状结构而受到越来越多的关注。它已被广泛应用于食品、生物医药和许多其他行业。然而，微生物产量低和发酵生物反应器成本高是制约其生产和应用的主要因素。这对高产菌株的有限高效选育及其生物合成机制的了解具有重要意义。代谢工程和基因工程揭示了细菌纤维素特异性的分子结构及其在体内生物合成、转运和体外超分子组装的分子理论。高产菌株以及细菌纤维素的结构和功能性能可以通过有效的育种、遗传和代谢修饰来调节。由于基因组学和代谢学的最新进展，不同的细菌菌株通过过表达或敲低来设计，以提高其生产力和改善机械强度和热稳定性等关键性能。本文综述了细菌细胞的育种方法，以及如何在分子尺度上进行生物合成、调控和应用。通过分析高产菌株的特点，结合传统方法和基因工程技术调控其生物合成和分泌，进一步探讨其生产的瓶颈。综上所述，本文对细菌纤维素的合成网络进行了更新和清晰的认识，为细菌纤维素的持续研究和最终的有效生产提供了有价值的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing carbon sequestration and performance of a sustainable gypsum-based materials using steel slag waste 利用废钢渣优化可持续石膏基材料的固碳性能

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101296

Fengyi Zhang , Chee Lok Yong , Xinghan Huang , Chiu Chuen Onn , Saznizam Sazmee Sinoh , Chung-Chan Hung , Kim Hung Mo

Building materials can act as carbon sequestration agents by capturing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) and enhancing their performance. This represents a promising approach to reducing the carbon footprint of the construction industry and mitigating the greenhouse effect through CO₂ utilization. However, gypsum-based materials tend to show a decline in performance after carbonation, a challenge that remains unresolved in current research. This study is the first to utilize the unique properties of basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS), which is a type of steel slag waste, to address this issue. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on bulk density, compressive strength, water resistance, water absorption, porosity, and environmental impact, complemented by advanced analytical techniques, including TGA, SEM, and XRD, to gain deeper insights into the underlying reaction mechanisms. The findings reveal that incorporating BOFS into gypsum-based materials and activating the system with an alkaline activator mitigated deterioration after carbonation while maintaining effective CO₂ sequestration. The results indicated that adding 20 % BOFS to gypsum-based blocks with a water-to-binder ratio of 0.20 generated sufficient carbonation products (CaCO₃ and SiO₂-rich gel) after carbonation. These products effectively filled the internal pores of the specimens and induced subsequent hydration reactions, further improving their compressive strength and water resistance. Furthermore, based on life cycle assessment, these specimens achieved an ideal CO₂ uptake of 32 kg CO₂ eq per ton, reducing the global warming potential by 94.5 % compared to carbonated cement-based materials. This greener carbon sequestration agent offered promising potential for advancing sustainable building materials.

建筑材料可以作为碳固存剂，通过捕获大气中的二氧化碳（CO2）并提高其性能。这是一种很有前途的方法，可以减少建筑行业的碳足迹，并通过利用二氧化碳来减轻温室效应。然而，石膏基材料在碳化后往往表现出性能下降的趋势，这是目前研究中尚未解决的挑战。本研究首次利用碱性氧炉渣这一钢渣废弃物的独特性质来解决这一问题。对材料的容重、抗压强度、耐水性、吸水率、孔隙度和环境影响进行了综合评价，并结合TGA、SEM和XRD等先进的分析技术，对潜在的反应机理进行了更深入的研究。研究结果表明，将BOFS加入石膏基材料并用碱性活化剂激活系统可以减轻碳化后的劣化，同时保持有效的二氧化碳封存。结果表明，在水胶比为0.20的石膏基砌块中加入20 % BOFS，碳化后可产生充足的碳化产物（CaCO3和富sio2凝胶）。这些产物有效地填充了试件内部的孔隙，引发了后续的水化反应，进一步提高了试件的抗压强度和抗水性。此外，基于生命周期评估，这些样品达到了每吨32 千克二氧化碳当量的理想二氧化碳吸收量，与碳化水泥基材料相比，将全球变暖潜势降低了94.5% %。这种绿色固碳剂为推进可持续建筑材料提供了巨大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in green synthesis of nanoparticles for biomedical applications: Antimicrobial, antiviral, and cancer therapies 生物医学应用纳米颗粒绿色合成的进展：抗菌、抗病毒和癌症治疗

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101287

Hesam Kamyab , Elham Khalili , Tayebeh Khademi , Ali Yuzir , Mohammad Mahdi Taheri , Saravanan Rajendran , Ana Belén Peñaherrera-Pazmiño

Green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has garnered a considerable amount of attention lately due to its low production expenses, simplicity of manufacturing, safety, and environmental friendliness. It is a dependable method for creating a variety of nanostructures from fungal, plant, and bacterial extracts as well as hybrid materials, including metal salts. A viable and sustainable substitute for traditional synthesis methods is the green synthesis of NPs. According to recent research, NPs have very promising antiviral and antimicrobial capabilities. This article highlights the progress made in the green method for manufacturing NPs utilizing natural substances, including fruit juices, plant extracts, and other pertinent sources. A thorough understanding of these NPs' anticancer, antiviral, and antimicrobial abilities was presented. Numerous opportunities are presented by these NPs to combat potentially fatal viral and other antimicrobial diseases. This review provides readers with a grasp of the latest data and a variety of tactics for designing and developing advanced green nanomaterials using a more environmentally friendly approach. A summary is provided of the present difficulties, critical analysis, and prospects for the green synthesis of NPs as well as the potential for their innovative and successful investigation for biomedical applications.

纳米粒子的绿色合成（NPs）由于其生产成本低、制造简单、安全、环保等优点，近年来引起了人们的广泛关注。这是一种可靠的方法，可以从真菌、植物和细菌提取物以及混合材料（包括金属盐）中创建各种纳米结构。绿色合成NPs是替代传统合成方法的一种可行且可持续的方法。根据最近的研究，NPs具有非常有前途的抗病毒和抗菌能力。本文重点介绍了利用天然物质（包括果汁、植物提取物和其他相关来源）制造NPs的绿色方法取得的进展。对这些NPs的抗癌、抗病毒和抗菌能力有了深入的了解。这些NPs为抗击可能致命的病毒和其他抗菌素疾病提供了许多机会。这篇综述为读者提供了最新的数据和各种策略来设计和开发先进的绿色纳米材料，使用更环保的方法。摘要提供了目前的困难，关键的分析和前景的绿色合成的NPs，以及他们的创新和成功的生物医学应用研究的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Agro-food waste upcycling into mycelium insulation: Linking structure with mechanical and fire performance 农业食品废弃物升级为菌丝体隔热材料：具有机械和防火性能的连接结构

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101295

Maryam Nejati , Li Zha , Rhoda Afriyie Mensah , Oisik Das , Antonio J. Capezza , Amparo Jiménez-Quero

This study presents a multiscale investigation of mycelium-based biocomposites produced via solid-state cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum on agro-food sidestreams. Three lignocellulosic residues, wheat bran (in two particle sizes), rice straw, and spent coffee grounds, were selected based on global availability and chemical diversity. The biocomposites were characterized to investigate how substrate composition and mycelial growth influence microstructure and macroscopic performance.

Monosaccharide analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that wheat bran supported enhanced mycelial growth. Fine wheat bran-based composites exhibited compressive strengths up to 449 kPa at 30 % strain and tensile moduli of 15–25 MPa, significantly higher than expanded polystyrene (EPS), a conventional insulator. All biocomposites showed intrinsic surface hydrophobicity (water contact angles of 106–120°). Thermal analyses, including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and hot-plate conductivity measurement, confirmed their suitability as porous insulation. Cone calorimetry demonstrated improved fire safety in wheat bran-based composites, with reduced peak heat release rates (112–115 kW/m²).

Embodied energy and carbon footprint assessments indicated up to 89 % lower energy demand and 72 % lower CO₂ emissions compared with EPS. Through multiscale characterization and direct benchmarking, this study shows how substrate selection and fungal-substrate interactions can be utilized to tailor performance. The findings provide insights into converting low-value biomass into scalable, fire-safer, and environmentally responsible insulation materials.

本研究提出了一项基于菌丝体的生物复合材料的多尺度研究，该生物复合材料是通过在农业食品侧流中固体培养灵芝生产的。根据全球可用性和化学多样性，选择了三种木质纤维素残留物，麦麸（两种粒径），稻草和废咖啡渣。对生物复合材料进行表征，研究底物组成和菌丝生长对微观结构和宏观性能的影响。单糖分析和扫描电镜（SEM）显示，麦麸支持促进菌丝体生长。细麦麸基复合材料在30 %应变下的抗压强度高达449 kPa，拉伸模量为15-25 MPa，显著高于传统的膨胀聚苯乙烯（EPS）。所有生物复合材料均表现出固有的表面疏水性（水接触角为106-120°）。热分析，包括热重分析（TGA）和热板电导率测量，证实了它们作为多孔隔热材料的适用性。锥形量热法表明，麦麸基复合材料的防火安全性得到了提高，峰值放热率降低（112-115 kW/m2）。具体能源和碳足迹评估表明，与EPS相比，能源需求降低了89%，二氧化碳排放量降低了72%。通过多尺度表征和直接基准测试，本研究显示了如何利用底物选择和真菌-底物相互作用来定制性能。这些发现为将低价值生物质转化为可扩展、防火安全、环保的绝缘材料提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

A review of sustainable approaches for the synthesis of carbon quantum dots-polymer nanocomposites 碳量子点-聚合物纳米复合材料的可持续合成方法综述

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101286

Binu P. Senanayake, Daniel S. Eldridge, François Malherbe

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are emerging innovative materials with distinctive optical and electronic properties, making them highly promising for diverse applications, including optoelectronic devices like photovoltaic cells and LEDs, as well as advanced biomedical sensors that can revolutionize healthcare diagnostics and monitoring. The growing emphasis on sustainable development implies the adoption of environmentally responsible approaches to minimize ecological footprints of any innovative technology. This review critically examines the synthesis of CQDs via both conventional and emerging methodologies, with particular emphasis on quantum yield, surface passivation, and functional group tunability. Among the most sustainable approaches is the valorisation of waste-derived precursors—including agricultural residues, food waste, and industrial by-products—which mitigates environmental pollution and enables cost-effective and scalable CQD production. The production of CQD-polymer nanocomposites is highlighted as a major development as their mechanical robustness, thermal stability, and multifunctionality, are significantly improved thereby expanding their potential across various technological domains. Recent advancements in green synthesis techniques for these nanocomposites relate to the use of renewable, bio-based polymers, benign solvents, and low-energy fabrication processes. These strategies are aligned with circular economy principles and contribute to the development of safer, more sustainable nanomaterials. In the area of wastewater treatment, CQD-based nanocomposites have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in pollutant sensing, adsorption, and photocatalytic degradation under visible light irradiation. Their tunable surface chemistry, high surface area, and strong photoluminescence enable efficient removal of a wide range of contaminants, including heavy metals, synthetic dyes, and pharmaceutical residues. The review concludes by outlining future perspectives, emphasising the need for standardised synthesis protocols, comprehensive life cycle assessments, and the development of multifunctional CQD systems. Advancing these areas will be critical for the large-scale deployment of CQD-based technologies in environmental remediation and beyond.

碳量子点（CQDs）是一种新兴的创新材料，具有独特的光学和电子特性，使其具有广泛的应用前景，包括光电器件，如光伏电池和led，以及先进的生物医学传感器，可以彻底改变医疗保健诊断和监测。日益强调可持续发展意味着采取对环境负责的办法，尽量减少任何创新技术的生态足迹。这篇综述通过传统和新兴的方法对CQDs的合成进行了批判性的研究，特别强调了量子产率、表面钝化和官能团可调性。最具可持续性的方法之一是废物衍生前体（包括农业残留物、食物垃圾和工业副产品）的增值，这可以减轻环境污染，并实现具有成本效益和可扩展的CQD生产。cqd聚合物纳米复合材料的生产是一个重要的发展，因为它们的机械稳健性、热稳定性和多功能性得到了显著改善，从而扩大了它们在各个技术领域的潜力。这些纳米复合材料的绿色合成技术的最新进展涉及使用可再生的、生物基聚合物、良性溶剂和低能耗制造工艺。这些战略符合循环经济原则，有助于开发更安全、更可持续的纳米材料。在废水处理领域，基于cqd的纳米复合材料在可见光照射下的污染物传感、吸附和光催化降解方面表现出了显著的效果。其可调的表面化学性质、高表面积和强光致发光使其能够有效去除各种污染物，包括重金属、合成染料和药物残留物。该综述最后概述了未来的前景，强调需要标准化的合成方案、全面的生命周期评估和开发多功能CQD系统。推进这些领域对于在环境修复和其他领域大规模部署基于cqd的技术至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Reclamation of fly ash and crumb rubber in clay bricks using sodium metasilicate at low curing temperature 偏硅酸钠低温养护法回收粘土砖中的粉煤灰和橡胶屑

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101283

Aswin Kumar Krishnan , Yat Choy Wong , Youli Lin , Arul Arulrajah

This research study was to investigate fly ash (FA) and crumb rubber (CR) in clay bricks using sodium metasilicate at low heating temperatures which is an emerging trend in the construction industry to eliminate landfill depletion problems. The fly ash weight ratios studied was at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 %, while the crumb rubber weight ratios was fixed at 1 % for all the samples. During previous study, the initial temperature of 50 °C for 48 h was conducted. In this study, the curing temperature was increased to 60 °C for 72 h. Then, the temperature was raised further to 160 °C for 24 h to obtain the best optimum curing conditions. The sodium metasilicate powder was used as a solid activator for the alkaline activation of FA and CR. The varying weight ratios of Na₂SiO₃was at 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 %. Compressive strength, cold water absorption, linear shrinkage, initial rate of absorption and thermal conductivity were tested and compared with the properties of clay bricks. The surface morphology of FA and CR blends was examined using scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the different Na/Si ratios were identified using EDS analysis. The experimental results indicated that the highest compressive strength of 11.7 MPa was achieved with 25 % FA + 1 % CR using 10 % Na₂SiO₃. It was found that thermal conductivity satisfied the requirement for the standard bricks except for 10 % FA + 1 % CR at 10 % sodium metasilicate. The high porosity in bricks resulted in low thermal conductivity, which is an excellent thermal insulation property of the bricks. This study demonstrates the potential benefits of using fly ash and crumb rubber using sodium metasilicate powder in green buildings could reduce the extraction of natural resources and improve disposal efficiency.

本研究是利用偏硅酸钠在低温加热下研究粉煤灰（FA）和橡胶屑（CR）在粘土砖中的作用，这是建筑行业消除垃圾填埋场枯竭问题的新兴趋势。研究的粉煤灰质量比分别为5、10、15、20和25 %，橡胶屑质量比固定为1 %。在之前的研究中，初始温度为50 °C，持续48 h。在本研究中，将固化温度提高到60 °C，固化72 h。然后进一步升温至160 ℃，保温24 h，获得最佳固化条件。以偏硅酸钠粉末为固体活化剂，na2sio3的质量比分别为2.5、5、7.5和10%，对FA和CR进行碱性活化。测试了其抗压强度、冷水吸收率、线收缩率、初始吸收率和导热系数，并与粘土砖的性能进行了比较。用扫描电镜观察了FA和CR共混物的表面形貌。此外，利用能谱分析确定了不同的Na/Si比。实验结果表明，25% FA + 1% CR （10% Na2SiO3）复合材料抗压强度最高，达到11.7 MPa。在10%偏硅酸钠条件下，除10% FA + 1% CR外，导热系数均满足标准砖的要求。砖的高孔隙率导致了低导热系数，这是砖的优良保温性能。本研究表明，粉煤灰和偏硅酸钠粉胶屑在绿色建筑中的潜在效益可以减少自然资源的开采，提高处理效率。

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引用次数: 0

Self-supported IrMnFeCoNiOx high entropy spinel as acid resistant and active oxygen evolution catalyst 自支撑IrMnFeCoNiOx高熵尖晶石作为耐酸和活性氧析出催化剂

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101293

Sara Reguera Riera , Ana Matilde Pérez-Mas , René Bes , María González de la Vega , María González-Ingelmo , Uriel Alejandro Sierra Gómez , Clara Blanco , Ricardo Santamaría , Victoria G. Rocha , Jonathan Ruiz Esquius

IrMnFeCoNiO_x and IrO_x oxides self-supported on carbon fibres were synthesised through a facile and rapid thermal decomposition in air (300–500 °C, 1 h). The effect of temperature on the material's properties and their performance towards the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) were assessed.

For IrMnFeCoNiO_x catalysts, the higher the annealing temperature, the better the catalytic activity and stability towards the acidic OER, which was assigned to the crystallisation to a spinel structure (cubic Fd3m). The IrMnFeCoNiO_x annealed at 500 °C reached 10 mA cm⁻² at a low overpotential of 283 mV with no evident signs of deactivation for 70 h operating at 10 mA cm⁻². On the contrary, for IrO_x crystallisation towards rutile IrO₂ with increasing temperature resulted in an activity decay, with the overpotential to reach 10 mA cm⁻² progressively worsening from 304 mV to ca. 400 mV.

At comparable iridium loading (0.4 mg_Ir cm⁻²), the best performing IrMnFeCoNiO_x catalyst surpasses in terms of activity and stability the best performing IrO_x catalysts. This methodology that required only metal chloride precursors, water and heating enables the synthesis of metal oxide spinel catalysts, including high entropy spinel, through a fast, simple and scalable route. In addition, this route can aid in the design of low Ir-loading catalysts for the production of green hydrogen.

通过在空气中（300-500 °C, 1 h）快速热分解，合成了碳纤维上自负载的IrMnFeCoNiOx和IrOx氧化物。考察了温度对材料性能和酸性析氧反应（OER）性能的影响。对于IrMnFeCoNiOx催化剂，退火温度越高，对酸性OER的催化活性和稳定性越好，这归因于结晶为尖晶石结构（立方Fd3m）。在500 °C下退火的IrMnFeCoNiOx在283 mV的低过电位下达到10 mA cm−2，在10 mA cm−2下工作70 h没有明显的失活迹象。相反，随着温度的升高，IrOx向金红石型IrO2结晶导致活性衰减，过电位达到10 mA cm−2，从304 mV逐渐恶化到约400 mV。在同等的铱负载（0.4 mgIr cm−2）下，性能最好的IrMnFeCoNiOx催化剂在活性和稳定性方面都超过了性能最好的IrOx催化剂。该方法只需要金属氯化物前体、水和加热就可以通过快速、简单和可扩展的途径合成金属氧化物尖晶石催化剂，包括高熵尖晶石。此外，这条路线可以帮助设计用于生产绿色氢的低负载催化剂。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable nonlinear optical properties of green Cumin extract: Cuminaldehyde as a natural bio-chromophore for green photonic applications 绿色孜然提取物的可持续非线性光学性质：孜然醛作为绿色光子应用的天然生物发色团

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101292

Ali Izadi-Darbandi , Ammar S. Alattar , Marzieh Nadafan , S.M. Mahdi Mortazavian , Morteza Khashehchi

This study investigates the linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of essential oils extracted from several ecotypes of green cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) differing in cuminaldehyde content. The plants were cultivated under two irrigation regimes: normal irrigation and terminal drought stress. Essential oils were extracted from mature seeds via hydrodistillation, followed by quantification of cuminaldehyde levels. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectra were recorded to evaluate the optical behavior and band gap energies of the samples. Changes in cuminaldehyde concentration as a new bioresource influenced the degree of electron delocalization and molecular perturbation, resulting in measurable shifts in absorption spectra. The NLO properties were characterized using the Z-scan technique (open and closed aperture) with continuous-wave laser excitation at 532 nm. Nonlinear refractive indices (NLR-n₂) and nonlinear absorption (NLA) coefficients (β) were determined, revealing significant third-order nonlinearities in the essential oils. The NLA of samples was evaluated relating to the reverse saturation absorption (RSA) mechanism. All samples exhibited a positive NLR index referring to the self-focusing effect. The order of the NLR index value, depending on the different concentration of cuminaldehyde is about 10⁻⁸ (cm²/W) and the NLA coefficients of specimens are in the order of 10⁻³ (cm/W). Cuminaldehyde's enhanced NLO response arises from a synergy of structural features: aromatic π-conjugation, resonance stabilization, a strong donor–acceptor system, and the potential for intermolecular π–π interactions. These findings demonstrate the potential of green cumin essential oil as a natural, low-cost nonlinear optical material, with possible applications in photonic devices and sustainable optical technologies.

本文研究了不同生态型绿孜然（Cuminum cyminum L.）中不同孜然醛含量的精油的线性和非线性光学特性。在正常灌溉和末期干旱胁迫两种灌溉制度下栽培植株。通过加氢蒸馏法从成熟种子中提取精油，然后定量测定孜然醛的含量。记录了样品的紫外-可见（UV-Vis）吸收光谱，以评估样品的光学行为和带隙能。作为一种新的生物资源，孜然醛浓度的变化会影响电子离域和分子摄动的程度，导致吸收光谱的可测量位移。在532 nm的连续波激光激发下，采用z扫描技术（开孔和闭孔）对NLO性能进行了表征。非线性折射率（NLR-n2）和非线性吸收系数(NLA系数（β）的测定表明，精油具有明显的三阶非线性。利用反向饱和吸收（RSA）机理对样品的NLA进行了评价。所有样品的自聚焦效应NLR指数均为正。不同浓度孜然醛的NLR指数值约为10−8 (cm2/W)，不同浓度孜然醛的NLA系数约为10−3 （cm/W）。Cuminaldehyde的增强NLO响应是由于结构特征的协同作用：芳香π共轭，共振稳定，强大的供体-受体系统，以及潜在的分子间π -π相互作用。这些发现证明了绿色孜然精油作为一种天然的、低成本的非线性光学材料的潜力，在光子器件和可持续光学技术中有可能应用。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis of multifunctional azo dyes based organic electroactive material: Efficient redox couple for aqueous redox flow batteries 基于偶氮染料的多功能有机电活性材料的合成：水氧化还原液流电池的高效氧化还原偶联

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101294

Shakira Allahbaksh , Ata-ur- Rehman , Safyan Akram Khan , Shahid Ali , Muhammad Nawaz Tahir , Muhammad Mansha , Majad Khan

The synthesis, electrochemical properties, and application of a novel multifunctional azo dye (MFAD), containing sulfonated and carboxylated naphthalene groups, were explored for aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs). MFAD was synthesized via a diazo coupling of 3-aminobenzoic acid with 5-amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, resulting in a 97 % yield. Electrochemical testing was carried out using potassium ferrocyanide and potassium permanganate as catholytes with the MFAD as anolyte in different conditions, i.e., MFAD was dissolved in 1M KOH and made two different supporting electrolyte systems: (i) urea with KCl (MFAD1) and (ii) urea, KCl, and Na₃PO₄ (MFAD2). At a lower current (0.01 A), MFAD1 showed stable charging for 143 cycles but suffered discharge instability after 15 cycles, reducing coulombic efficiency from 99 % to 50 %. Higher current (0.03 A) with supporting electrolytes significantly improved charge capacity and stability. MFAD1 demonstrated a higher average volumetric charge capacity (1200.2 mAh L⁻¹) and average discharge capacity (829.3 mAh L⁻¹), whereas MFAD2, although showing a slightly lower discharge capacity (818.6 mAh L⁻¹), delivered superior coulombic efficiency (76.5 %) compared to MFAD1 (68.8 %). To further assess MFAD's full cell performance, MFAD was further paired with KMnO₄ (0.2 M in 1M KOH) without any supporting electrolyte. Under a current of 0.03 A and 10 min cycling, the MFAD/KMnO₄ cell achieved an average discharge capacity of 128.4 mAh L⁻¹, maintaining 80 % capacity retention and a coulombic efficiency of 77 %. Long-term cycling over 47.3 h demonstrated excellent stability and had also retained 97 % of the initial capacity. Compared to MFAD1 and MFAD2, the MFAD/KMnO₄ system outperformed in stability and coulombic efficiency, highlighting MFAD's strong potential as a scalable and efficient anolyte for high-performance AORFBs. Overall, these findings emphasize the promising role of azobenzene-based molecules for advancing next-generation energy storage systems.

研究了一种新型萘磺酸基和羧化萘基多功能偶氮染料（MFAD）的合成、电化学性能及其在有机氧化还原液流电池（AORFBs）中的应用。采用3-氨基苯甲酸与5-氨基-2-萘磺酸重氮偶联法制备了MFAD，收率为97% %。以亚铁氰化钾和高锰酸钾为阴极电解质，MFAD为阳极电解质，在不同条件下进行电化学测试，即MFAD溶解在1M KOH中，制成两种不同的支撑电解质体系：(i)尿素- KCl （MFAD1）和（ii）尿素- KCl - Na3PO4 （MFAD2）。在较低电流（0.01 a）下，MFAD1在143次循环中稳定充电，但在15次循环后放电不稳定，库仑效率从99 %降低到50 %。更高的电流（0.03 A）与配套电解质显著提高充电容量和稳定性。MFAD1具有较高的平均体积充电容量（1200.2 mAh L−1）和平均放电容量（829.3 mAh L−1），而MFAD2的放电容量（818.6 mAh L−1）略低于MFAD1，但库仑效率（76.5 %）优于MFAD1（68.8 %）。为了进一步评估MFAD的全电池性能，MFAD进一步与KMnO4（0.2 M in 1M KOH）配对，没有任何支持电解质。在0.03 a电流和10 min循环下，MFAD/KMnO4电池的平均放电容量为128.4 mAh L−1，容量保持率为80% %，库仑效率为77 %。在47.3 h以上的长期循环表现出优异的稳定性，并且还保留了97% %的初始容量。与MFAD1和MFAD2相比，MFAD/KMnO4体系在稳定性和库仑效率方面表现优于MFAD1和MFAD2，凸显了MFAD作为高性能主动脉主动脉fb的可扩展高效阳极电解质的强大潜力。总的来说，这些发现强调了偶氮苯基分子在推进下一代储能系统方面的有希望的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Clay nanostructures in geotechnical engineering: A critical review of mechanisms, performance, and sustainable soil stabilization 粘土纳米结构在岩土工程：机制，性能和可持续土壤稳定的关键审查

IF 7.9 3区材料科学 Q1 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Materials Today Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101284

Amira S. Diab , Ahmed A. Allam , Hassan A. Rudayni , Khaled M. Abdelfadil , Hasan Arman , Wail Al Zoubi , Mostafa R. Abukhadra

The growing demand for resilient and low-carbon geotechnical infrastructure has intensified interest in clay-based nanostructures as next-generation soil stabilizers. Although many studies have examined individual nanoclays or specific stabilization outcomes, a unified multi-scale synthesis linking nanostructure geometry (0D, 1D, 2D), micro-mechanisms, and engineering performance remains largely absent. This review addresses this gap by evaluating allophane-type 0D nanoparticles, halloysite nanotubes and fibrous silicates (1D), and layered nanosheets of kaolinite, illite, and smectite (2D), emphasizing how their morphologies govern pozzolanic activity, electrostatic flocculation, double-layer modification, and microstructural densification. Microstructural evidence (SEM/TEM, XRD, MIP) shows that 0D nanoclays accelerate nucleation, 1D nanotubes enhance crack-bridging and fabric interlocking, and 2D nanosheets yield the strongest improvements in stiffness, compressibility, and hydraulic resistance. Hybrid nanoclay–SCM–polymer systems exhibit strong synergistic effects, enabling superior performance at low dosages (0.1–2 %) and reducing cement demand and carbon emissions, though nanoclay-specific LCAs and long-term field validations remain limited. Despite promising results, challenges persist regarding dispersion quality, natural compositional variability, and the lack of standardized mix-design or quantitative dispersion metrics. Advancing this field requires improved dispersion strategies, multi-scale mechanistic modeling, environmental durability assessments, and comprehensive LCAs to translate laboratory findings into reliable field solutions. Overall, 0D–2D clay nanostructures offer a robust and sustainable platform for next-generation soil stabilization, bridging nano-engineering mechanisms with durable, low-carbon geotechnical practices.

对弹性和低碳岩土工程基础设施的需求不断增长，增强了人们对粘土基纳米结构作为下一代土壤稳定剂的兴趣。尽管许多研究已经研究了单个纳米粘土或特定的稳定结果，但在很大程度上仍然缺乏将纳米结构几何（0D, 1D, 2D），微观机制和工程性能联系起来的统一的多尺度合成。这篇综述通过评价allophane型0D纳米粒子、高岭土纳米管和纤维硅酸盐（1D）以及高岭石、伊利石和蒙脱石的层状纳米片（2D）来弥补这一空白，强调它们的形态如何影响火山灰活性、静电絮凝、双层改性和微观结构致密化。微观结构证据（SEM/TEM， XRD， MIP）表明，0D纳米粘土加速成核，1D纳米管增强裂缝桥接和织物互锁，而2D纳米片在刚度、可压缩性和水力阻力方面的改善最为明显。纳米粘土- scm -聚合物混合体系表现出强大的协同效应，在低剂量（0.1 - %）下实现卓越的性能，并减少水泥需求和碳排放，尽管纳米粘土特异性lca和长期现场验证仍然有限。尽管取得了令人鼓舞的成果，但分散质量、自然成分可变性、缺乏标准化混合设计或定量分散指标等方面的挑战依然存在。推进这一领域需要改进分散策略、多尺度机制建模、环境耐久性评估和综合lca，以将实验室发现转化为可靠的现场解决方案。总的来说，0D-2D粘土纳米结构为下一代土壤稳定提供了一个强大且可持续的平台，将纳米工程机制与耐用、低碳的岩土工程实践联系起来。

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引用次数: 0