Pub Date : 2025-12-21DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101290
Pejman Heidarian , Shazed Aziz , Peter Halley , Tony McNally , Ton Peijs , Luigi-Jules Vandi , Russell J. Varley
The environmental impact of traditional petroleum-based plastics has driven the search for sustainable alternatives, with bio-based polyesters emerging as a promising solution. However, these polymers often suffer from insufficient mechanical properties, which limits their applications. To address this, self-reinforcement has been explored as an innovative approach to enhance the performance of bio-based polyesters. This review provides an overview of the recent advancements in self-reinforced bio-based polyesters, focusing on polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS). Different self-reinforcement techniques, such as electrospinning, melt spinning, and hot compaction are explored for their effectiveness in enhancing tensile strength, modulus, and overall durability. The review also discusses the integration of these materials into applications ranging from packaging to biomedical devices, where biodegradability and mechanical performance are critical. Furthermore, the paper explores the prospects of self-reinforced bio-based polyesters, emphasizing the need for continued innovation in material design and processing techniques to overcome current limitations.
{"title":"Self-reinforced bio-based polyesters: recent progress and prospects","authors":"Pejman Heidarian , Shazed Aziz , Peter Halley , Tony McNally , Ton Peijs , Luigi-Jules Vandi , Russell J. Varley","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The environmental impact of traditional petroleum-based plastics has driven the search for sustainable alternatives, with bio-based polyesters emerging as a promising solution. However, these polymers often suffer from insufficient mechanical properties, which limits their applications. To address this, self-reinforcement has been explored as an innovative approach to enhance the performance of bio-based polyesters. This review provides an overview of the recent advancements in self-reinforced bio-based polyesters, focusing on polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS). Different self-reinforcement techniques, such as electrospinning, melt spinning, and hot compaction are explored for their effectiveness in enhancing tensile strength, modulus, and overall durability. The review also discusses the integration of these materials into applications ranging from packaging to biomedical devices, where biodegradability and mechanical performance are critical. Furthermore, the paper explores the prospects of self-reinforced bio-based polyesters, emphasizing the need for continued innovation in material design and processing techniques to overcome current limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101290"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growing demand for sustainable electrical and electronic technologies has accelerated the search for environmentally benign dielectric materials with high-performance characteristics suited for applications such as electromagnetic shielding, energy storage, and electroactive devices. In this work, a Naturally Extracted Dielectric (NED) material derived from cuttlefish bone was processed via lyophilization and thermal calcination at various temperatures to enhance structural consistency. Structural evolution from aragonite-based calcium carbonate to calcium oxide (CaO) was confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Dielectric behavior and ion transport mechanisms were assessed using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Among all samples, the material calcined at 750 °C (NED-750) demonstrated the best performance, exhibiting strong Maxwell–Wagner interfacial polarization, high permittivity at low-frequency, and a peak DC conductivity of 5.4 × 10−3 S/m. A reduction of 8.2 % in material density with increasing calcination temperature further indicated enhanced porosity and polarization sites. The correlation of structural data with dielectric response establishes a comprehensive framework for evaluating bio-derived ceramics. These results highlight NED as a promising candidate for next-generation, sustainable dielectric energy storage system and electronic device.
{"title":"Sustainable dielectric materials for energy storage: Processing, properties, and performance evaluation","authors":"Kiran Keshyagol , Shivashankarayya Hiremath , H.M. Vishwanatha , Pavan Hiremath","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for sustainable electrical and electronic technologies has accelerated the search for environmentally benign dielectric materials with high-performance characteristics suited for applications such as electromagnetic shielding, energy storage, and electroactive devices. In this work, a Naturally Extracted Dielectric (NED) material derived from cuttlefish bone was processed via lyophilization and thermal calcination at various temperatures to enhance structural consistency. Structural evolution from aragonite-based calcium carbonate to calcium oxide (CaO) was confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Dielectric behavior and ion transport mechanisms were assessed using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Among all samples, the material calcined at 750 °C (NED-750) demonstrated the best performance, exhibiting strong Maxwell–Wagner interfacial polarization, high permittivity at low-frequency, and a peak DC conductivity of 5.4 × 10<sup>−3</sup> S/m. A reduction of 8.2 % in material density with increasing calcination temperature further indicated enhanced porosity and polarization sites. The correlation of structural data with dielectric response establishes a comprehensive framework for evaluating bio-derived ceramics. These results highlight NED as a promising candidate for next-generation, sustainable dielectric energy storage system and electronic device.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101281"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101282
Ammar Elsheikh , Ali Ali , Fadl A. Essa , Mohamed A.E. Omer , Mohamed G. Abou-Ali , Ninshu Ma
Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) poses a significant threat to the structural integrity and long-term reliability of its storage tanks, particularly in welded joints, where microstructural heterogeneities increase susceptibility. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of HE phenomena, emphasizing its critical role in material degradation. The paper begins by outlining the fundamentals of HE, describing how atomic hydrogen infiltrates metallic lattices, leading to loss of ductility and premature failure. Various HE mechanisms, including hydrogen-enhanced decohesion (HEDE), hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity (HELP), and hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC), are discussed and classified based on their underlying physical principles. The susceptibility of commonly used storage tank materials, such as high-strength steels and aluminum alloys, is evaluated, with a focus on microstructural and compositional factors. Special attention is given to the welded regions, where residual stresses, grain boundary structures, and weld metal (WM) composition play a pivotal role in accelerating HE. The review also highlights key factors influencing HE in welded joints, including hydrogen diffusion pathways, welding processes, and post-weld treatments. Experimental methodologies, such as slow strain rate testing and thermal desorption analysis, are discussed alongside simulation approaches that model hydrogen diffusion and crack propagation. Finally, the paper outlines current mitigation strategies, including material selection, heat treatment, hydrogen barriers, and cathodic protection, offering insights into practical solutions for reducing HE risks in hydrogen storage systems. This review aims to guide future research and inform engineering practices for safer hydrogen infrastructure.
{"title":"Hydrogen embrittlement in storage tank materials and welded joints","authors":"Ammar Elsheikh , Ali Ali , Fadl A. Essa , Mohamed A.E. Omer , Mohamed G. Abou-Ali , Ninshu Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) poses a significant threat to the structural integrity and long-term reliability of its storage tanks, particularly in welded joints, where microstructural heterogeneities increase susceptibility. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of HE phenomena, emphasizing its critical role in material degradation. The paper begins by outlining the fundamentals of HE, describing how atomic hydrogen infiltrates metallic lattices, leading to loss of ductility and premature failure. Various HE mechanisms, including hydrogen-enhanced decohesion (HEDE), hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity (HELP), and hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC), are discussed and classified based on their underlying physical principles. The susceptibility of commonly used storage tank materials, such as high-strength steels and aluminum alloys, is evaluated, with a focus on microstructural and compositional factors. Special attention is given to the welded regions, where residual stresses, grain boundary structures, and weld metal (WM) composition play a pivotal role in accelerating HE. The review also highlights key factors influencing HE in welded joints, including hydrogen diffusion pathways, welding processes, and post-weld treatments. Experimental methodologies, such as slow strain rate testing and thermal desorption analysis, are discussed alongside simulation approaches that model hydrogen diffusion and crack propagation. Finally, the paper outlines current mitigation strategies, including material selection, heat treatment, hydrogen barriers, and cathodic protection, offering insights into practical solutions for reducing HE risks in hydrogen storage systems. This review aims to guide future research and inform engineering practices for safer hydrogen infrastructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101282"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101279
Zahra Maghazeh, Virginia Signorini, Marco Giacinti Baschetti
Bio-based polymers have recently emerged as a promising alternative to conventional materials for carbon dioxide (CO2) separation, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. This review explores recent advancements in the design and application of bio-based polymeric membranes for CO2 capture, focusing on their structural properties, separation performance, and scalability. The unique characteristics of bio-based polymers, including tunable functional groups, high processability, and biocompatibility, make them highly suitable for selective CO2 separation in various industrial applications, provided that key challenges such as improving permeability-selectivity trade-off and enhancing chemical stability under harsh conditions, are properly addressed. Additionally, the integration of bio-based polymers with other advanced materials, including nanocomposites and hybrid membranes, is examined as a strategy to further enhance separation efficiency. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of bio-based polymers in membrane technologies for CO2 separation, highlighting both their potential and the technical challenges that need to be addressed for large-scale implementation.
{"title":"The use of biobased polymeric materials as membrane technologies for CO2 capture and separation: a review","authors":"Zahra Maghazeh, Virginia Signorini, Marco Giacinti Baschetti","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bio-based polymers have recently emerged as a promising alternative to conventional materials for carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) separation, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. This review explores recent advancements in the design and application of bio-based polymeric membranes for CO<sub>2</sub> capture, focusing on their structural properties, separation performance, and scalability. The unique characteristics of bio-based polymers, including tunable functional groups, high processability, and biocompatibility, make them highly suitable for selective CO<sub>2</sub> separation in various industrial applications, provided that key challenges such as improving permeability-selectivity trade-off and enhancing chemical stability under harsh conditions, are properly addressed. Additionally, the integration of bio-based polymers with other advanced materials, including nanocomposites and hybrid membranes, is examined as a strategy to further enhance separation efficiency. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of bio-based polymers in membrane technologies for CO<sub>2</sub> separation, highlighting both their potential and the technical challenges that need to be addressed for large-scale implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101279"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101280
Mohsen Saeidi , Amir Hossein Aghaii , Kaivan Mohammadi , Farzaneh Shayeganfar , Jing Bai , Abdolreza Simchi
Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) remains limited by sluggish reaction kinetics, high overpotentials, and insufficient catalyst stability. Here, we introduce an engineered hierarchical electrocatalyst in which (B, P, S)-modulated Fe–Ni–Co layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are grown on 3D-printed 316L stainless-steel microarrays with an interface of nickel nanocones (NC) to maximize active surface area and enhance mass transport. Density functional theory indicates that boron substitution at Fe sites balances oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) intermediate binding energies, creating a fully downhill free-energy profile and reducing the OER barrier. Phosphorus incorporation on Ni sites tunes the hydrogen adsorption energy toward near-thermoneutral values, optimizing hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER) kinetics. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms strong interfacial interactions, reduced oxygen vacancies, and optimized metal–anion bonding, facilitating enhanced charge transfer. The optimized asymmetric electrolyzer delivers 500 mA cm−2 at 1.93 V with Faradaic efficiencies exceeding 79 %, demonstrating a scalable route to efficient and durable AWE.
碱性电解（AWE）仍然受到反应动力学缓慢，高过电位和催化剂稳定性不足的限制。在这里，我们介绍了一种工程级联电催化剂，其中（B， P， S）调制的Fe-Ni-Co层状双氢氧化物（LDHs）生长在3d打印的316L不锈钢微阵列上，该微阵列具有镍纳米锥（NC）界面，以最大化活性表面积并增强质量传输。密度泛函理论表明，Fe位点的硼取代平衡了析氧反应（OER）的中间结合能，形成了一个完全下坡的自由能分布，并降低了OER势垒。磷在Ni位点的结合调整了氢的吸附能接近热中性值，优化了析氢反应动力学。x射线光电子能谱证实了强的界面相互作用，减少了氧空位，优化了金属-阴离子键，促进了电荷转移。优化后的不对称电解槽在1.93 V下输出500 mA cm−2 ，法拉第效率超过79 %，展示了高效和持久的AWE的可扩展路线。
{"title":"Tuning overall water dissociation performance in Fe–Ni–Co layered hydroxides via S, P, and B doping: Experimental and theoretical study","authors":"Mohsen Saeidi , Amir Hossein Aghaii , Kaivan Mohammadi , Farzaneh Shayeganfar , Jing Bai , Abdolreza Simchi","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) remains limited by sluggish reaction kinetics, high overpotentials, and insufficient catalyst stability. Here, we introduce an engineered hierarchical electrocatalyst in which (B, P, S)-modulated Fe–Ni–Co layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are grown on 3D-printed 316L stainless-steel microarrays with an interface of nickel nanocones (NC) to maximize active surface area and enhance mass transport. Density functional theory indicates that boron substitution at Fe sites balances oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) intermediate binding energies, creating a fully downhill free-energy profile and reducing the OER barrier. Phosphorus incorporation on Ni sites tunes the hydrogen adsorption energy toward near-thermoneutral values, optimizing hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER) kinetics. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms strong interfacial interactions, reduced oxygen vacancies, and optimized metal–anion bonding, facilitating enhanced charge transfer. The optimized asymmetric electrolyzer delivers 500 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> at 1.93 V with Faradaic efficiencies exceeding 79 %, demonstrating a scalable route to efficient and durable AWE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101280"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101277
Sameer Algburi , Salah Sabeeh , Dima Khater , Hadi Hakami , Saiful Islam , Q. Alkhawlani
Seawater desalination demands membranes that couple high water throughput with tight salt rejection under gentle hydraulic conditions. This study reports electrostatic spray printing of dual charge covalent organic framework graphene active layers on porous supports for forward osmosis desalination of synthetic seawater. The printing route yields uniform films with thickness around 2.8 μm, structural parameter has value 85 × 10−4 m, and mean surface pore size 0.86 μm with BET area 112 m2 g−1. Under 1 M NaCl draw and 3.5 wt% feed at 25 °C, the optimized membrane achieves water flux 78 ± 2 L m−2 h−1 and reverse salt flux 0.8 ± 0.1 g m−2 h−1, while graphene only and covalent organic framework only controls reach 42 and 25 L m−2 h−1 with 1.2 and 2.1 g m−2 h−1 respectively. A random forest model trained on 45 fabrication and operation runs attains R2 of 0.92 and root mean square error 3.2 L m−2 h−1, and Shapley analysis highlights applied voltage, flow rate, and print layer count, with an optimum around 130 layers.
海水淡化要求膜在温和的水力条件下具有高的水通量和严格的排盐能力。本研究报道了在多孔载体上静电喷涂双电荷共价有机骨架石墨烯活性层用于合成海水正向渗透淡化。该工艺制备的薄膜厚度均匀，约为2.8 μm，结构参数为85 × 10−4 m，平均表面孔径为0.86 μm， BET面积为112 m2 g−1。下1 M氯化钠 画和3.5 wt %饲料在25岁 °C,优化膜达到水通量78 ±2 L M−−1和2 h反向盐通量 0.8±0.1 g M−2 h−1,而石墨烯仅和共价有机框架只控制达到42和25 L M−2 h与1.2和2.1 −1 g M−2 h−1分别。经过45次制造和操作运行训练的随机森林模型的R2为0.92，均方根误差为3.2 L m−2 h−1，Shapley分析强调了施加电压，流速和打印层数，最佳层数约为130层。
{"title":"Electrostatic spray printed dual charge covalent organic framework graphene membranes for seawater desalination","authors":"Sameer Algburi , Salah Sabeeh , Dima Khater , Hadi Hakami , Saiful Islam , Q. Alkhawlani","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seawater desalination demands membranes that couple high water throughput with tight salt rejection under gentle hydraulic conditions. This study reports electrostatic spray printing of dual charge covalent organic framework graphene active layers on porous supports for forward osmosis desalination of synthetic seawater. The printing route yields uniform films with thickness around 2.8 μm, structural parameter has value 85 × 10<sup>−4</sup> m, and mean surface pore size 0.86 μm with BET area 112 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>. Under 1 M NaCl draw and 3.5 wt% feed at 25 °C, the optimized membrane achieves water flux 78 ± 2 L m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and reverse salt flux 0.8 ± 0.1 g m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, while graphene only and covalent organic framework only controls reach 42 and 25 L m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> with 1.2 and 2.1 g m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> respectively. A random forest model trained on 45 fabrication and operation runs attains R<sup>2</sup> of 0.92 and root mean square error 3.2 L m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, and Shapley analysis highlights applied voltage, flow rate, and print layer count, with an optimum around 130 layers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101277"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite their significant contribution to wearable electronic applications, conductive textiles face practical performance limitations due to the intrinsically insulating nature of textile fibers and the poor durability, adhesion, and low conductivity of traditional conductive polymer coatings. Materials like PEDOT: PSS, polypyrrole, graphene, and metal nanoparticles, all of which coat fibrous substrates non-uniformly, resulting in poor charge transport and high contact resistance. Unfortunately, these failures lead to rapid degradation in terms of either shortening the service life of electrical performance under mechanical deformation, washing, or long-term use. It limits their integration in reliable sensors, energy-harvesting devices, and health monitoring systems. This review demonstrates how cold plasma techniques are used to address such persistent drawbacks. Plasma-induced functional groups enhance the surface energy and introduce nanoscale roughness to provide strong adhesion interface with coatings while producing improved interfacial bonding. Thus, conductive polymers, MXenes, and metal-polymer nanocomposite coatings through plasma-assisted deposition exhibit comparatively less electrical resistance with superior mechanical properties, retaining the flexibility and breathability of the fabric. Additionally, the plasma-enabled coatings confer multifunctional properties such as antibacterial, photothermal, and stable bio signals in sensing. The review finally identifies future challenges-enhanced scalability, long-term electrical stability under extreme conditions, and a sustainable process-while highlighting emerging opportunities associated with plasma-engineered textiles for next-generation smart wearables.
{"title":"Plasma-treated conductive textile advancements in coating and functional properties: A review","authors":"Asnake Ketema , Aklilu Azanaw , Li-Chun Chang , Wei-Yu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite their significant contribution to wearable electronic applications, conductive textiles face practical performance limitations due to the intrinsically insulating nature of textile fibers and the poor durability, adhesion, and low conductivity of traditional conductive polymer coatings. Materials like PEDOT: PSS, polypyrrole, graphene, and metal nanoparticles, all of which coat fibrous substrates non-uniformly, resulting in poor charge transport and high contact resistance. Unfortunately, these failures lead to rapid degradation in terms of either shortening the service life of electrical performance under mechanical deformation, washing, or long-term use. It limits their integration in reliable sensors, energy-harvesting devices, and health monitoring systems. This review demonstrates how cold plasma techniques are used to address such persistent drawbacks. Plasma-induced functional groups enhance the surface energy and introduce nanoscale roughness to provide strong adhesion interface with coatings while producing improved interfacial bonding. Thus, conductive polymers, MXenes, and metal-polymer nanocomposite coatings through plasma-assisted deposition exhibit comparatively less electrical resistance with superior mechanical properties, retaining the flexibility and breathability of the fabric. Additionally, the plasma-enabled coatings confer multifunctional properties such as antibacterial, photothermal, and stable bio signals in sensing. The review finally identifies future challenges-enhanced scalability, long-term electrical stability under extreme conditions, and a sustainable process-while highlighting emerging opportunities associated with plasma-engineered textiles for next-generation smart wearables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101273"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101276
Sayanthan Ramakrishnan , Akilesh Ramesh , Kirubajiny Pasupathy , Allan C. Manalo , Jay Sanjayan
This study investigates a method to regulate the foaming effect, enhance foam stability and overall performance of chemically foamed aerated geopolymer concrete (AGC) using recycled waste latex paint (RWP). The RWP consists of acrylic polymers and surfactants which are expected to regulate the foaming effect in AGC. AGC was synthesised by alkali activation of fly ash and slag, with Aluminium powder as the chemical foaming agent. A varying level of RWP was introduced as the foam regulating agent to enhance the rheological properties and gas bubble distribution in the AGC matrix. The systematic experimental analysis revealed that higher RWP dosage increased the expansion height by 75 % with a well-regulated expansion behaviour, attributed to the presence of soluble polymers and surfactants in RWP that mitigate bubble collapse and enhance the chemical foam stability. Additionally, increased RWP dosage improved the viscosity and yield strength of AGC mixes, facilitating better gas bubble migration in the matrix, resulting in finer and uniform pore structure. High RWP content increased porosity by 31 % and reduced density by 35 %, indicating its efficiency in producing lightweight AGC products. Although a reduction in the compressive strength of about 40 %–75 % was observed due to increased pore connectivity and reduced geopolymerisation from pigments and impurities in RWP, microstructural analysis confirmed reduced bubble coalescence and pore irregularity. Enhanced interfacial paste strength resulted in a finer and more uniform pore distribution. These findings demonstrate the potential of RWP as a value-added, sustainable additive for producing lightweight, non-load bearing AGC products with enhanced thermal and acoustic properties, contributing to sustainable construction and promoting the circular economy of waste paint products.
{"title":"Regulating the chemical foaming and pore distribution in aerated geopolymer concrete","authors":"Sayanthan Ramakrishnan , Akilesh Ramesh , Kirubajiny Pasupathy , Allan C. Manalo , Jay Sanjayan","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates a method to regulate the foaming effect, enhance foam stability and overall performance of chemically foamed aerated geopolymer concrete (AGC) using recycled waste latex paint (RWP). The RWP consists of acrylic polymers and surfactants which are expected to regulate the foaming effect in AGC. AGC was synthesised by alkali activation of fly ash and slag, with Aluminium powder as the chemical foaming agent. A varying level of RWP was introduced as the foam regulating agent to enhance the rheological properties and gas bubble distribution in the AGC matrix. The systematic experimental analysis revealed that higher RWP dosage increased the expansion height by 75 % with a well-regulated expansion behaviour, attributed to the presence of soluble polymers and surfactants in RWP that mitigate bubble collapse and enhance the chemical foam stability. Additionally, increased RWP dosage improved the viscosity and yield strength of AGC mixes, facilitating better gas bubble migration in the matrix, resulting in finer and uniform pore structure. High RWP content increased porosity by 31 % and reduced density by 35 %, indicating its efficiency in producing lightweight AGC products. Although a reduction in the compressive strength of about 40 %–75 % was observed due to increased pore connectivity and reduced geopolymerisation from pigments and impurities in RWP, microstructural analysis confirmed reduced bubble coalescence and pore irregularity. Enhanced interfacial paste strength resulted in a finer and more uniform pore distribution. These findings demonstrate the potential of RWP as a value-added, sustainable additive for producing lightweight, non-load bearing AGC products with enhanced thermal and acoustic properties, contributing to sustainable construction and promoting the circular economy of waste paint products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101276"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vitrimers represent a transformative class of polymeric materials that combine the robust mechanical properties of thermosets with the reprocessability of thermoplastics. Among them, bio-based vitrimers have garnered increasing attention as a sustainable alternative to conventional petrochemical-derived networks, aligning with the principles of green chemistry and circular economy. This article provides a comprehensive overview of bio-based vitrimers, beginning with an introduction to their fundamental chemistry and dynamic covalent network architecture. Key associative exchange mechanisms such as transesterification, transamination, disulfide exchange, etc are discussed. A detailed examination of monomers derived from renewable sources, including epoxidized plant oils, lignin derivatives-based building blocks, is presented to highlight the versatility and eco-friendliness of feedstock options. The resulting vitrimers exhibit a wide range of desirable properties, including recyclability, self-healing, thermal stability, solvent resistance, and shape memory behavior. Despite their promise, challenges such as limited scalability, cost-effectiveness, and trade-offs between mechanical strength and dynamic behavior remain. Finally, the future outlook of vitrimer research is discussed, focusing on developing new dynamic chemistries, enhancing biocompatibility, and integrating smart functionalities for advanced applications in aerospace, biomedical, and electronic sectors. This review underscores the significant potential of bio-based vitrimers to reshape sustainable materials science while addressing the pressing need for circular material lifecycles.
{"title":"Green by design, smart by chemistry: Recent advances in bio-based vitrimers for next-generation sustainable materials","authors":"Ankit Sharma , Sandeep Singh Bisht , Muskan Kumari , Manju Yadav , Harsh Saini , Shipra Jaswal , Inderdeep Singh , Bharti Gaur","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitrimers represent a transformative class of polymeric materials that combine the robust mechanical properties of thermosets with the reprocessability of thermoplastics. Among them, bio-based vitrimers have garnered increasing attention as a sustainable alternative to conventional petrochemical-derived networks, aligning with the principles of green chemistry and circular economy. This article provides a comprehensive overview of bio-based vitrimers, beginning with an introduction to their fundamental chemistry and dynamic covalent network architecture. Key associative exchange mechanisms such as transesterification, transamination, disulfide exchange, etc are discussed. A detailed examination of monomers derived from renewable sources, including epoxidized plant oils, lignin derivatives-based building blocks, is presented to highlight the versatility and eco-friendliness of feedstock options. The resulting vitrimers exhibit a wide range of desirable properties, including recyclability, self-healing, thermal stability, solvent resistance, and shape memory behavior. Despite their promise, challenges such as limited scalability, cost-effectiveness, and trade-offs between mechanical strength and dynamic behavior remain. Finally, the future outlook of vitrimer research is discussed, focusing on developing new dynamic chemistries, enhancing biocompatibility, and integrating smart functionalities for advanced applications in aerospace, biomedical, and electronic sectors. This review underscores the significant potential of bio-based vitrimers to reshape sustainable materials science while addressing the pressing need for circular material lifecycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101275"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101272
Muddasira Sarwar , Muhammad Shahbaz , Rabia Ghaffar , Mohsin Saleem , Muhammad Zubair Khan , Muneeb Irshad , Shahzad Sharif , Jung Hyuk Koh , Muhammad Haseeb , Abdul Ghaffar , Imran Shakir , Kamran Ali
Ceria co-doped with Ni and Mg (Ni, Mg@CeO2) was examined for its electrochemical performance, showing impressive power density and cyclic stability in the fabricated device. The material was synthesized using an easy, low-cost solution combustion method. Two different materials were studied to evaluate the impact of co-doping: pristine CeO2/AC (M − 1) and Ni, Mg@CeO2 composite with AC (Activated Carbon) (M − 2). Structural analysis confirmed the face-centered cubic (FCC) structure of CeO2 through X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The structural and optical properties were characterized by using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, respectively. The electrochemical behavior was tested with cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), revealing the pseudocapacitive nature of the ceria-based electrodes. As an electrode material, CeO2/AC (M − 1) achieved a higher specific capacitance (Cs) of 244.4 F/g at 0.5 A/g, while Ni, Mg@CeO2/AC (M − 2) showed 197.6 F/g at the same current. In a full-device setup, Ni, Mg@CeO2//AC (M − 2) reached a Cs of 63.3 F/g at 0.5 A/g, along with excellent cycling stability, retaining 100.4 % coulombic efficiency over 5000 GCD cycles. The hybrid device based on Ni, Mg@CeO2//AC displayed a maximum specific energy of 18.3 Wh/kg and a specific power of 467.5 W/kg at 0.5 A/g.
{"title":"Robust cyclic stability and high-power performance of Ni/Mg co-doped CeO2 electrodes for asymmetric hybrid supercapacitors","authors":"Muddasira Sarwar , Muhammad Shahbaz , Rabia Ghaffar , Mohsin Saleem , Muhammad Zubair Khan , Muneeb Irshad , Shahzad Sharif , Jung Hyuk Koh , Muhammad Haseeb , Abdul Ghaffar , Imran Shakir , Kamran Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ceria co-doped with Ni and Mg (Ni, Mg@CeO<sub>2</sub>) was examined for its electrochemical performance, showing impressive power density and cyclic stability in the fabricated device. The material was synthesized using an easy, low-cost solution combustion method. Two different materials were studied to evaluate the impact of co-doping: pristine CeO<sub>2</sub>/AC (M − 1) and Ni, Mg@CeO<sub>2</sub> composite with AC (Activated Carbon) (M − 2). Structural analysis confirmed the face-centered cubic (FCC) structure of CeO<sub>2</sub> through X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The structural and optical properties were characterized by using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, respectively. The electrochemical behavior was tested with cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), revealing the pseudocapacitive nature of the ceria-based electrodes. As an electrode material, CeO<sub>2</sub>/AC (M − 1) achieved a higher specific capacitance (C<sub>s</sub>) of 244.4 F/g at 0.5 A/g, while Ni, Mg@CeO<sub>2</sub>/AC (M − 2) showed 197.6 F/g at the same current. In a full-device setup, Ni, Mg@CeO<sub>2</sub>//AC (M − 2) reached a C<sub>s</sub> of 63.3 F/g at 0.5 A/g, along with excellent cycling stability, retaining 100.4 % coulombic efficiency over 5000 GCD cycles. The hybrid device based on Ni, Mg@CeO<sub>2</sub>//AC displayed a maximum specific energy of 18.3 Wh/kg and a specific power of 467.5 W/kg at 0.5 A/g.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101272"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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